宾语补足语讲解与练习主谓一致高考真题 5页

宾语补足语讲解与练习 1. 宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。结构：V+O+OC/ with+O+OC ‎2. 可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。‎ ‎3. 能带宾补的动词一定是及物动词。‎ ‎4. 主动语态句子中的宾语在被动语态句子中是主语，相应的宾补就成为主补。‎ ① 由“宾语+名词”构成的复合宾语只用在某些及物动词后面，常见的有make, call, elect, choose, name, consider等。‎ e.g. She named ______ _________ _________. 她给她女儿取名为爱丽斯。‎ ‎ They choose Mr Brown __________. 他们选布郎先生当经理。‎ 注意：名词(如:manager,chairman, president, king, director, monitor, captain, professor等)若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔，职位，前不用冠词。‎ ‎ T or F ?‎ ‎ They have made me a chairman. ( ) They have made me chairman. ( )‎ ② 由“宾语+形容词”常见在如下动词后：make, keep, leave, find, believe, think, consider, prove, paint等。‎ e.g. You should keep your room _________ _________ __________. 你应该保持你房间干净整洁。‎ They painted _________ __________ ___________. 他们把房子漆成粉色。‎ ③ 固定句型：及物动词+it+形容词或名词(作宾补)+真正的宾语(不定式，v.-ing形式或从句)‎ You find ______ a great pleasure talking to her. 你会发现和她谈话很愉快。‎ I felt ______ ________ __________ to report to the police. 我觉得向警察报告这件事是我的义务。‎ 注意：能在复合宾语中先用形式宾语it,然后再用真正宾语的动词常见的有：think, feel, find, make, consider等。‎ ④ 宾语接不带to的不定式作宾补，常有五类动词：‎ 一感：feel 、 二听：hear, listen to 、 三让：make, let, have 五看：see, look at, observe, watch,notice半帮助：help （后面的不定式to可带可不带）。 而在使役动词get后的宾补是不定式时，必须加to。‎ e.g. Nobody noticed him __________ the room. 没有人注意到他进了房间。‎ ‎ I couldn’t get the car ___________. 我无法使汽车发动。‎ ‎ She often helps her mother________________ housework. 她经常帮助她妈妈做家务。‎ ‎ 拓展：这些词后所接的宾补可以是现在分词形式 (表动作正在进行),也可以是不带to的不定式(表示动作已经发生，指事情的全部过程已经结束)。‎ e.g. Did you hear anyone _______________________? 你听见有人唱过这首歌吗？‎ ‎ I hear someone ___________________________________. 我听见有人在隔壁唱歌。‎ 但变为被动语态时,不定式要带to I saw him cross/crossing the road. 我看到他穿/正穿过马路。‎ ‎=> He was seen __________________________ the road.‎ ‎⑤ 过去分词作宾补的动词有以下的动词have, make, get, keep, leave，find等。‎ e.g. (1) I heard ____________________________ in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。‎ ‎ (2) He found _______________________________________. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。‎ ‎ (3)He got _____________________________________ yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。‎ ‎(4)He left this matter ______________. 他留下此事未解决。‎ ‎ 过去分词作宾补表示的意义:‎ ‎1. 过去分词作宾补表示被动关系，其动作先于谓语动作。如例句(1)，过去分词sung 的动作显然先于谓语动作heard；例句(2)，过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found。‎ ‎2.过去分词作宾补时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。如例句(3)，动宾关系是pull out his tooth；例句(4)，动宾关系是settle this matter。‎ ‎⑥ v + sb. + to do sth. 结构中的动词, 所接的宾补是不定式。常用此结构的动词有：advise, allow, ask, cause, expect, force, get, help, invite, order, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish,等 造句：_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 固学案 I.用所给动词的恰当形式填空:‎ ‎1. I can’t sleep well with the noise __________ (go) on.‎ ‎2. His failing the exam got his parents ____________ (worry).‎ ‎3. I have had my bike ________, and I’m going to have my brother ________ my radio tomorrow. (repair)‎ ‎4. Don’t leave the water __________ (run) while you brush your teeth.‎ ‎5. Homework is left ___________ (undo) .‎ ‎6. She was found _________ (lie) at the corner, dead.‎ ‎7. He raised his voice to make himself ___________ (hear).‎ ‎8. He shouldn’t be made __________ (learn). He always works hard.‎ ‎9. A: I often hear this song ___________ (sing), but I have never heard him ___________ (sing) it.‎ ‎ B: Listen! I can hear him __________ (sing) it now.‎ ‎10. When I came in, I found many parents _________ (seat). ‎ ‎11. With a lot of problems ____________ (settle), he will have a hard time.‎ ‎12. With a lot of problems __________ (settle), he now feels relaxed.‎ ‎13. With his fans ____________ (surround) him, he felt excited.‎ ‎14. When he woke up ,he found himself ____________(surround) by a group of doctors and nurses.‎ II.单项填空 ‎( )1. He slipped into the room, without himself ____. A. seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see ‎( )2. He found the street much ____. ‎ ‎ A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdly ‎( )3.I think ___ necessary to learn English well. A. its B. it C. that D. that is ‎( )4. Paul doesn’t have to be made ___. He always works hard.‎ ‎ A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning ‎( )5. You can’t have the horse _____ all the way. It’s too hot. ‎ ‎ A. run B. to run C. running D. to be running ‎( )6. When I came back, I found the house _____ and everything _____. ‎ ‎ A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken away ‎ ‎ C. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away ‎( )7. I heard that you were elected _____this time.‎ ‎ A. monitor B. the monitor C. a monitor D. my monitor ‎( )8. For a time his grandmother found _____ accept his new idea.‎ ‎ A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to ‎( )9. When I came back, I found nobody ___. It was empty. A. on B. out C. in D. away ‎( )10. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ______.‎ ‎ A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard ‎( )11. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___.‎ ‎ A.not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to ‎( )12.Tell him _____ the window.‎ ‎ A.to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut ‎( )13. ----There’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____.‎ ‎ A.mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended ‎( )14. Though he had often made his little sister _____, today he was made _____ by his little sister.‎ ‎ A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry ‎( )15. I advised ______ at once. ‎ ‎ A. him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start ‎ ‎( )16. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still _____.‎ A. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating ‎( )17. Why do you have the water ______ all the time? A. ran           B. to be running        C. running         D. being running ‎ ‎( )18. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.‎ A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on ‎( )19. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.‎ A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled ‎( )20. With trees, flowers and grass_____ everywhere, my native town took on a new look.‎ A. planting B. planted C. to plant D .to be planted ‎( )21. I can make you _____what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.‎ ‎ A. understand; understand B .understand, understood ‎ C to understand, understand D. understand; to be understood ‎( )22. I have had my bike , and I’m going to have somebody my radio tomorrow.‎ A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired C. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing ‎( )23. ---Have you had anyone ______ your newly-bought flat?‎ ‎---Not yet. I am going to get John _______ a design for it first.‎ ‎ A. to decorate; make B. to decorate; to make C. decorate; make D. decorate; to make ‎( )24. I have often heard the ABC Song , but I have never heard Alice it.‎ A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing ‎( )25.With the teacher ______us, we have no difficulty finishing the homework.‎ A. help B. helping C. helped D. to help ‎( )26. He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger just now. ‎ A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting ‎( )27 I found the door _____ when I got home.‎ A. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open ‎( )28. I was disappointed to find his suggestions __ .‎ A. been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down ‎( )29. The teacher encouraged us ______ good compositions. ‎ A. writing B. written C. to write D. is writing ‎ ‎( )30. The teacher asked us _____ so much noise. (北京2003)‎ A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make ‎( )31. ________the room, the nurse found the tape recorder___________.‎ A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; gone C. To have entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen ‎( )32. ---“Did you have any difficulty in today’s homework?”---“No, in fact I thought____.”‎ ‎ A. it very easy to do B. it very easy done C. very easy for doing D. very easy to do it ‎( )33. With a lot of homework________, I can’t go to the cinema with you tonight.‎ ‎ A. to do B done C. doing D. being done ‎( )34. With the homework______, I went back home.‎ A. to finish B. finishing C. finished D. being finished 主谓一致高考真题 ‎1.(2013福建).The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.‎ ‎ A. were invited     B. was invited  C. have been invited       D. has been invited ‎2.(2013湖南). The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8,450 a year, which ________ a burden for some of them.‎ ‎   A. are；is                    B. are；are                 C. is；are                   D. is；is ‎3.(2013江苏) Generally , students’ inner motivation with high expectation from others_______essential to their development. A. is         B. are          C. was        D. were ‎4.【2012安徽】Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, ___________ some ‎ of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.‎ ‎ A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept ‎5.【2012陕西】The basketball coach, as well as his team, ______ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. A. were B. was C. is D. are ‎6.【2012湖南】All the scientific evidence ____ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _____ damaging our health. A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is ‎7.【11安徽卷）The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes. A. is B. are C. was D. were ‎ ‎8.【11湖南卷)】One third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_______ black people. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is ‎9.〖10全国〗Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ evening dress. ‎ ‎ A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn ‎10.〖10湖南〗Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________caused hearing loss in some teenagers. ‎ ‎ A. is B. are C. has D. have ‎11.〖10四川〗Such poets as Shakespeare ________widely read, of whose works, however, some difficult to understand. A. are；are B. is；is C. are；is D. is：are ‎12.〖09山东〗The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _______ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been ‎ ‎13.〖09四川〗The teacher together with the students _______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was ‎ ‎14.〖09湖南〗Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. are B. is C. have D. be ‎15..〖09陕西〗Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, ______visit Beijing this summer.‎ ‎ A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to ‎16.〖08陕西〗—Did you go to the show last night? —Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area______invited. ‎ ‎ A. were B. have been C. has been D. was ‎17.〖07江西〗A survey of the opinions of experts_______that three hours of outdoor exercise a week_____good for one’s health. A. show; are B. shows; is C .show; is D. shows; are ‎18.〖07湖南〗We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks________so small that a day is unimportant. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been ‎19.〖07陕西〗As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area . ‎ ‎ A.need repairing B.needs to repair C.needs repairing D.need to repair ‎20.〖07上海〗A survey of the opinions of experts____that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____good for one’s health. ‎ ‎ A. show; are    B. shows; is    C. show; is    D. shows; are ‎21.〖07江西〗Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet. ‎ ‎ A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided ‎22.〖06浙江〗The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ______used regularly.Now we have 60 working all day long.A.is B.are C.was D.were ‎23.〖06安徽〗Most of what has been said about the Smiths_______also true of the Johnsons. A. are B. is C. being D. to be ‎24.〖06江苏〗A poet and artist_______coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A.is B.are C.was D.were ‎25.〖06辽宁〗The father as well as his three children ____ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going   B. go   C. goes    D. are going ‎26.〖05辽宁〗Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, ____ in the clothing industry. A. is working     B. works     C. work      D. worked ‎27.〖05上海〗Professor Smith, along with his assistants,______ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A. work B. working C .is working D. are working ‎28.〖05山东〗With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth_______each year. ‎ ‎ A. is washing away B .is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away