高考江苏卷英语试题解析 22页

‎2016年高考英语江苏卷（含详解答案）‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.‎ A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是B。‎ ‎21. It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.‎ A. why B. what C. as D. that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查主语从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。‎ 考点：考查主语从句 ‎22. More efforts, as reported, ______in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.‎ A. are made B. will be made C. are being made D. have been made ‎【答案】B 考点：考查时态语态。‎ ‎23. Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.‎ A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作为介词of的宾语。故C正确。‎ 考点：考查定语从句 ‎24. — Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?‎ ‎ — Living every day to the full, definitely.‎ A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析 ‎25. He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.‎ A. approach B. wrestle C. compromise D. communicate ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；根据句意可知C项正确。‎ 考点：考查动词词义辨析 ‎26. ______some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.‎ A. Because B. If C. Unless D. While ‎【答案】D 考点：考查连词 ‎27. If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.‎ A. had not been B. should not be C. were not to be D. should not have been ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故A正确。‎ 考点：考查虚拟语气 ‎28. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message within the work.‎ A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden ‎【答案】B 考点：考查分词做定语 ‎29. Dashan, who crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.‎ A. will be learning B. is learning C. had been learning D. has been learning ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查时态。本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。‎ 考点：考查时态 ‎30. Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.‎ A. fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断；根据句意可知B正确。‎ 考点：考查动词短语辨析 ‎31. His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.‎ A. explicit B. ambiguous C. original D. arbitrary ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查形容词词义辨析。形容词explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，专制的；故A正确。‎ 考点：考查形容词词义辨析 ‎32. —Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.‎ ‎— . Opposites sometimes do attract.‎ A. I hope not B. I think so C. I appreciate that D. I beg to differ ‎【答案】D 考点：考查交际用语 ‎33. Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams.‎ A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；根据句意可知C项正确。‎ 考点：考查短语辨析 ‎34. Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.‎ A. they had encouraged B. had they encouraged C. did they encourage D. they encouraged ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故C正确。‎ 考点：考查部分倒装 ‎35. —Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.‎ ‎—Lack of self-confidence is his______, I am afraid.‎ A. Achilles’ heel B. child’s play C. green fingers D. last straw ‎【答案】A 考点：考查谚语 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ 请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。学科.网 Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were ___36 ,Kurt asked me, “ John, what is your 37 for personal growth?‎ Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might 38 for growth. I told him about the many activities in which I was 39 . And I went into a 40 about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt 41 patiently, but then he 42 smiled and said, “You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?”‎ ‎ “No, I 43 .‎ ‎“You know,” Kurt said simply, “growth is not a(n) 44 process.”‎ And that’s when it 45 me. I wasn’t doing anything 46 to make myself better. And at that moment, I made the 47 : I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my 48 .‎ That night, I talked to my wife about my 49 with Kurt and what I had learned. I 50 her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling. We 51 that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. He was offering a 52 for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.‎ Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to 53 the resources. But more importantly, we made a commitment to 54 together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a 55 decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.‎ ‎36. A. working B. preparing C. thinking D. eating ‎37. A. suggestion B. demand C. plan D. request ‎38. A. appeal B. look C. call D. qualify ‎39. A. involved B. trapped C. lost D. bathed ‎40. A. lecture B. speech C. discussion D. debate ‎41. A. calculated B. listened C. drank D. explained ‎42. A. eagerly B. gradually C. gratefully D. finally ‎43. A. admitted B. interrupted C. apologized D. complained ‎44. A. automatic B. slow C. independent D. changing ‎45. A. confused B. informed C. pleased D. hit ‎46. A. on loan B. on purpose C. on sale D. on balance ‎47. A. comment B. announcement C. decision D. arrangement ‎48. A. life[来源:学。科。网]‎ B. progress C. performance D. investment ‎49. A. contract B. conversation C. negotiation D. argument ‎50. A. lent B. sold C. showed D. offered ‎51. A. recalled B. defined C. recognized D. declared ‎52. A. tool B. method C. way D. rule ‎53. A. provide B. buy C. give D. deliver ‎54. A. grow B. survive C. move D. gather ‎55. A. difficult B. random C. firm D. wise ‎【答案】36-40.DCDA B 41-45.BDAAD 46-50.BCABC 51-55. CCBAD ‎38.D 考查动词短语辨析。动词appeal呼吁，吸引（通常与to连用）；look for寻找；call for需要，需要；qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。与ABC三项的语义不搭配。故D正确。‎ ‎39.A 考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前至关系代词which之前。形容词短语be involved in参与...；卷入...；be trapped in被困在...中；be lost in沉浸于...；be bathed in被 ... 笼罩;我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A正确。‎ ‎40.B 考查名词辨析。我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。故B正确。‎ ‎41.B 考查上下文串联。我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的听我说。故B正确。‎ ‎42.D 考查副词辨析。终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。‎ ‎45.D 考查动词辨析。Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。‎ ‎46.B 考查介词辨析。介词on loan暂借，出借的；on purpose故意地；on sale降价出售；on balance总之；他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意地做一些让自己更好的事情。故B项正确。‎ ‎47.C 考查上下文串联。根据文章55空It was a 55 decision.可知我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。‎ ‎48.A 考查上下文串联。可知这个计划是为个人成长计划，是与个人生活有关的计划。BCD三项都属于A项的范围。故A正确。‎ ‎49.B 考查上下文串联。名词contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故B正确。‎ ‎50.C 考查动词辨析。我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的书和磁带。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故ABD三项语义不搭配。故C正确。‎ ‎51.C 考查动词辨析。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。‎ ‎52.C 考查名词辨析。Kurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。B项的介词搭配错误。故C正确。‎ ‎53. B 考查上下文串联。根据文章前一段可知我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。说明我们认可了他的观点，所以我们购买了他的书和磁带等资源。故B正确。‎ 考点：考查记叙文阅读 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Day school Program Secondary students across Toronto District School Board(TDSB) are invited to take one or two e-Learning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their day school.‎ The on-line classroom provides an innovative relevant and interactive Learning environment. The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of Education These on-line courses ‎ are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers ‎ are part of the TDSB Student’s time table; and ‎ appear on the Student’s report upon completion Benefits of e-Learning Include:‎ ‎ Access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school ‎ ‎ Using technology to provide students with current information: and.‎ ‎ assistance to solve timetable conflicts Is e-Learning for You?‎ Students who are successful in on-line course are usually;‎ ‎ able to plan, organize time and complete assignments and activities; ‎ ‎ capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and ,‎ ‎ able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet access Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course.‎ ‎56. E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that .‎ A. they are given by best TDSB teachers.‎ B. they are not on the day school timetable.‎ C. they are not included on students’ reports.‎ D. they are an addition to TDSB courses.‎ ‎57. What do students need to do before completing e-learning courses?‎ A. To learn information technology on-line.‎ B. To do their assignments independently.‎ C. To update their mobile devices regularly.‎ D. To talk face to face with their teachers.‎ ‎【答案】56. D 57. B ‎ 考点：考查广告类阅读 ‎ B ‎ Chimps(黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food.‎ ‎ In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one ‎ plate of food for himself or, with no great effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull at random ---he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.‎ Human children, on the other hand are extremely corporative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate a achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of expensive with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.‎ There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught .but naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence. Develops in children before their general cognitive（认知的）skills,at least when compared with chimps..In tests conducted by Tomtasell, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social world The cure of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t in what Tomasello calls what. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.‎ ‎58. What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?‎ ‎ A. Chimps seldom care about others’ interests.‎ B. Chimps tend to provide food for their children.‎ C. Chimps like to take in their neighbors’ food.‎ D. Chimps naturally share food with each other.‎ ‎59. Michael Tomasello’s tests on young children indicate that they____.‎ ‎ A. have the instinct to help others B. know how to offer help to adults C. know the world better than chimps D. trust adults with their hands full ‎60. The passage is mainly about ____.‎ ‎ A. the helping behaviors of young children B. ways to train children’s shared intentionality C. cooperation as a distinctive human nature D. the development of intelligence in children ‎【答案】58.A 59.A 60.C [来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎58.A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段后两句“If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or,...... he will pull at random ---he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish”可知A正确。‎ ‎60.C 主旨大意题。本文属于科普说明文，作者从猩猩的自私行为导入到人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能天性的原因。ABD都属于文章的部分内容，并非中心思想。故C项正确。‎ 考点：考查科普说明文阅读 C El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.‎ The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.‎ But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.‎ The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that ‎ governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.‎ Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施）can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道）make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.‎ ‎61. What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?‎ A. It is named after a South American fisherman.‎ B. It takes place almost every year all over the world.‎ C. It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.‎ D. It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.‎ ‎62. What may El Ninos bring about to the countries affected?‎ A. Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.‎ B. Droughts become more harmful than floods.‎ C. Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.‎ D. Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.‎ ‎63. The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that A. more investment should go to risk reduction B. governments of poor countries need more aid C. victims of El Nino deserve more compensation D. recovery and reconstruction should come first ‎64. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?‎ A. To introduce El Nino and its origin.[来源:学#科#网]‎ B. To explain the consequences of El Nino.‎ C. To show ways of fighting against El Nino.‎ D. To urge people to prepare for El Nino.‎ ‎【答案】61.D 62.C 63.A 64.D ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎61.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.可知D正确。‎ ‎62.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose.可知C项正确。‎ ‎64.D 目的意图题。根据最后一句“Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.”各国政府要把减少损失放在优先的位置。也就是说我们要事先做好准备。故D项正确。‎ 考点：考查科普说明文阅读 D Not so long ago, most people didn’t know who Shelly Ann Francis Pryce was going to become. She was just an average high school athlete. There was every indication that she was just another American teenager without much of a future. However, one person wants to change this. Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly Ann as a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginning of true greatness. Her time were not exactly impressive, but even so, he seemed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking. He decided to offer Shelly Ann a place in his very strict training seasons. Their cooperation quickly produced results, and a few year later at Jamaica’s Olympic games in early 2008, Shelly Ann, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaica’s unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑).‎ ‎“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of ‎ those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs. But Shelly Ann was to prove that she was anything but a one-hit wonder. At the Beijing Olympic she swept away any doubts about her ability to perform consistently by becoming the first Jamaican woman ever to win the 100 meters Olympic gold. She did it again one year on at the World Championship in Briton, becoming world champion with a time of 10.73--- the fourth record ever.‎ Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. Her journey to becoming the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless. She grew up in one of Jamaica’s toughest inner-city communities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers. Waterhouse, one of the poorest communities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place. Several of Shelly-Ann's friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot dead only a few streets away from where she lived. Sometimes her family didn’t have enough to eat. She ran at the school championships barefooted because she couldn’t afford shoes. Her mother Maxime, one of a family of fourteen, had been an athlete herself as a young girl but, like so many other girls in Waterhouse, had to stop after she had her first baby. Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.‎ It didn't take long for Shelly-Ann to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and commitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously had been living in poverty, surrounded by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports.‎ But Shelly-Ann’s victory was far greater than that. The night she won Olympic gold in Beijing, the routine murders in Waterhouse and the drug wars in the neighbouring streets stopped. The dark cloud above one of the world’s toughest criminal neighbourhoods simply disappeared for a few days. “ I have so much fire burning for my country,”Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.[来源:学+科+网]‎ As Muhammad Ali puts it, “ Champions aren't made in gyms. Champions are made from something they have deep inside them. A desire, a dream, a vision.” One of the things Shelly-Ann can be proud of is her understanding ‎ of this truth.‎ ‎65. Why did Stephen Francis decide to coach Shelly-Ann?‎ A. He had a strong desire to free her family from trouble.‎ B. He sensed a great potential in her despite her weaknesses.‎ C. She had big problems maintaining her performance.‎ D. She suffered a lot of defeats at the previous track meets.‎ ‎66. What did the sprinting world think of Shelly-Ann before the 2008 Olympic Games?‎ A. She would become a promising star.‎ B. She badly needed to set higher goals.‎ C. Her sprinting career would not last long.‎ D. Her talent for sprinting was known to all.‎ ‎67. What made Maxime decide to train her daughter on the track?‎ A. Her success and lessons in her career.‎ B. Her interest in Shelly-Ann’s quick profit.‎ C. Her wish to get Shelly-Ann out of poverty.‎ D. Her early entrance into the sprinting world.‎ ‎68. What can we infer from Shelly-Ann's statement underlined in Paragraph 5?‎ A. She was highly rewarded for her efforts.‎ B. She was eager to do more for her country.‎ C. She became an athletic star in her country.‎ D. She was the envy of the whole community.‎ ‎69. By mentioning Muhammad Ali’s words, the author intends to tell us that .‎ A. players should be highly inspired by coaches B. great athletes need to concentrate on patience C. hard work is necessary in one’s achievements D. motivation allows great athletes to be on the top ‎70. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Making of a Great Athlete B. The Dream for Championship C. The Key to High Performance D. The Power of Full Responsibility ‎【答案】65. B 66. C 67. C 68.B 69.D 70. A ‎66.C 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Where did she come from?” asked an astonished sprinting world, before concluding that she must be one of those one-hit wonders that spring up from time to time, only to disappear again without signs.C项正确。‎ ‎67.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句Maxime’s early entry into the adult world with its responsibilities gave her the determination to ensure that her kids would not end up in Waterhouse's roundabout of poverty. One of the first things Maxime used to do with Shelly-Ann was taking her to the track, and she was ready to sacrifice everything.可知SC项正确。‎ ‎68.B 推理判断题。根据第五段最后四句“ I have so much fire burning for my country,”Shelly said. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse. She hopes to inspire the Jamaicans to lay down their weapons. She intends to fight to make it a woman’s as well as a man’s world.可知B正确。‎ ‎69.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段拳王阿里的名言：冠军不是体育馆里造出来的。造就冠军的是冠军内心深处的某种东西─渴望、梦想、愿景。他们需同时拥有技能和意志，但是意志必须强于技能。作者是在鼓励运动员们达到巅峰。故D项正确。‎ ‎70.A 标题概括题。本文介绍了牙买加著名女飞人Shelly-Ann从不被人看好到成为奥运冠军，再到最后成为世界上跑的最快的女性。激励我们要想成功必须要经过艰苦的努力。故A项正确。BCD三项的范围有点过大，与文章不贴切。‎ 考点：考查记叙文阅读 第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。‎ An Extension of the Human Brain ‎ Other people can help us compensate for our mental and emotional deficiencies (欠缺)，much as a wooden leg can compensate for a physical deficiency. To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions. When another person helps us in such ways, he or she is participating in what I’ve called a “social prosthetic (义肢的）system.” Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems. It’s already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment. ‎ Regarding memory: Once I look up something on the Internet, I don’t need to keep all the details for future use—I know where to find that information again and can quickly and easily do so. More generally, the Internet functions as if it were my memory. This function of the Internet is particularly striking when I’m writing; I’m no longer comfortable writing if I’m not connected to the Internet. It’s become natural to check facts as I write, taking a minute or two to dip into PubMed, Wikipedia, or other websites. ‎ Regarding judgment: The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large. For example, when I’m writing a textbook, it has become second nature to check a dozen definitions of a key term, which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning. But more than that, I now regularly compare my views with those of many others. If I have a “ new idea,” I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others have thought. This certainly makes my own views clearer. Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet. ‎ These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I’ve begun using a smartphone. I now regularly pull out my phone to check a fact, watch a video, read weibo. Such activities fill the spaces that used to be dead time (such as waiting for somebody to arrive for a lunch meeting). ‎ But that’s the upside (好处).The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.‎ An Extension of the Human Brain A prosthetic nature 荫 ●The (71) ▲ can help make up for our mental and emotional deficiencies as a wooden leg can compensate for a bodily deficiency.‎ ‎• ●It (72) ▲ in our daily events, extending our intelligence, comprehending our feelings,‎ ‎ and expanding the range of social activities.‎ Wonderful aspects: memory and judgment ‎• ●On the Internet, we could quickly and easily locate the details, and check facts, without (73) ▲ them in mind.‎ ‎• ●The Internet makes us smarter over (74) ▲ kinds of things. It provides a dozen definitions of a key term for us to find the (75) ▲ of the matter.‎ ‎• ●The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to (76) ▲ our claims, and to (77) ▲ our actions.‎ The (78) ▲ sides of smartphones ‎• ●Smartphones make it easier and more (79) ▲ to check reality, watch video clips, read weibo.‎ ‎• ●Smartphones (80) ▲ the possibility for new and insightful minds, and steal away our dead time.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎71. Internet ‎ ‎72. participates/joins ‎73. keeping ‎74. all/different/various ‎75. heart/core ‎76. check ‎77. judge ‎78. mixed/two ‎ ‎79. convenient ‎80. reduce ‎【解析】‎ ‎71. Internet 原词再现。根据第一段第四句Such systems do not need to operate face-to-face, and it’s clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems.‎ 可知因特网可以拓宽社会义肢系统的范围，也就是说网络可以弥补我们精神和情感上的缺陷。‎ ‎72. participates/joins 同义句转换。根据第一段最后两句It’s already a big bank of many minds. Even in its current state, the Internet has extended my memory and judgment.可知动词短语“participate/join in”符合句意。‎ ‎73. keeping 词形转换。根据第二段第一句“Once I look up something on the Internet, I don’t need to keep all the details.....”可知动词短语“keep...in mind记住”，在表格中放在介词without的后面，要使用动名词keeping的形式。‎ ‎74. all/different/various 同义词转换。根据第三段第一句The Internet has made me smarter in matters small and large.可知原文中“matters small and large”就是“all/different/various”的事情。‎ ‎75. heart/core 同义句转换。根据第三段第二句“.....which helps me dig into the core and understand its meaning”可知网络能让我们找的事物的核心并理解其真正含义。故短语“the core/heart of the matter”和原文中“dig into the core”语义一致。‎ ‎76. check 同义词转换。根据第三段第四句“If I have a “ new idea,” I now quickly look to see whether somebody else has already thought of it, or something similar—and I then compare what I think with what others have thought.”当我们有了新的观点以后，我们会上网检查核对别人是否已经有了同样的观点，并对自己的行动做出判断。表格中check与原文语义一致。‎ ‎77. judge 归纳总结。根据第三段最后一句“Moreover, I can find out whether my reactions to an event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.”而且在网络上阅读其他人的信息，让我判断我的行为是否合理，所以表格里使用动词judge。‎ ‎78. mixed/two 归纳总结。在文章最后两段中既提到了智能手机的优点也提到了其缺点。所以这是智能手机的正反两方面内容，所以使用形容词“mixed/two”。‎ ‎80. reduce 句意转换。根据文章最后两句“The downside is that in those dead periods I often would let my thoughts flow and sometimes would have an unexpected insight or idea. Those opportunities are now fewer and farther between.”在过去那些“dead periods”时，我总会有一些灵光一现的神来之念，但是现在这些时间都被智能手机占用了。无疑就减少了这些神来之念的可能性。所以表格中使用“reduce the possibility”。‎ 考点：考查任务型阅读 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎81.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ In recent years, internet voting has become increasingly popular in China. People not only cast on-line votes themselves, but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “ Cutest Baby”.‎ Li Jiang, a high school student, is invited to vote in the “ Best Police Officer 冶 competition, organized by the local government to let the public have a better understanding of police officers’ daily work. Li Jiang visits the website and reads all the stories. He is deeply moved by their glorious deeds. He is already thinking of becoming a policeman himself in the future.‎ Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “ Future Singer冶 competition. He has already received three similar invitations this week. His uncle tells him that if his cousin wins the competition, the family will win an overseas tour for free. Su Hua likes his cousin very much, but he finds other singers perform even better. To vote, or not to vote? This is a question that troubles him very much.‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；‎ ‎2. 用约120个单词阐述你对网络投票的看法，并用2 ~3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3. 不必写标题。学.科网 ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎【答案】‎ On-line voting becomes increasingly popular, and many competitions get people involved in it. It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not. ‎ In my opinion, on-line voting is an inseparable part of modern life and should be welcomed, since it is no more than a way to participate in public life. It makes no difference from ordinary voting events, in which ‎ candidates go around to seek supports. In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient, regardless of time and space. Furthermore, voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible. ‎ To be honest, voters sometimes feel annoyed, not because they hate voting, but because they are divided between emotion and fairness. Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey. Therefore, I hold a positive attitude towards on- line voting. ‎ ‎(150 words)‎ Possible version two:‎ Internet voting is quite popular nowadays. Many people are somewhat puzzled at the negative side of the voting, although some are quite happy with it, zxx.k and active in doing it. ‎ In my opinion, internet voting has begun to show its negative impacts on people and society. Firstly, people may feel forced when asked to do things that they don’t want to. Secondly, voting of this kind does not depend on the strong points of the competitors, but rather on how many social-networking resources they have. Thirdly, the voters or even the competitors in many cases are possibly taken advantage of by the organizers for commercial purposes.‎ In short, internet voting, to some extent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted. Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed. Everyone in our society should help those in need, but it is more important to be sincere and earnest.‎ ‎(150 words)‎ ‎2.支持：网络投票和生活密切相关，我们应该积极参与。3.理由及依据：（1）它是一种社会生活的方式；网络投票方便容易，不受时间和地点的束缚。同时网络投票的反馈迅速可靠。（2）虽然有时候网络投票也会给我们带来困扰，但如果有更好的参与规则，网络投票会更加规范合理。3.反对：网络投票会给人带来负面影响。（1）人们会因为网络投票而产生被迫的感觉。（2）网络投票结果并不客观；（3）网络投票可能会被故意利用。建议考生在写作概述时，语言简练不拖沓。注意使用本人熟悉的词汇及句式，以增加获得高分的可能性。不要堆砌使用串联词，穿插使用陈述句、祈使句和被动句式，让文章更加丰富多样化。‎ 考点：考查任务型读写