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2019年湖北省武汉市高考英语模拟试卷（2月份）
第一部分 听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．例：How much is the shirt？A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.答案是C．
1．（1.5分）Where does this conversation most likely take place？
A． At a flower shop．
B． On a hill．
C． In a garden．
2．（1.5分）What will the man probably do？
A． Co outside．
B． Read a magazine．
C． Listen to a program．
3．（1.5分）How does the girl usually get back to school？
A． By car．
B． By bus．
C． By taxi．
4．（1.5分）What do we know about the woman speaker？
A． She's strict．
B． She's regretful．
C． She's caring．
5．（1.5分）What is the man speaker doing？
A． Making a suggestion．
B． Doing housework．
C． Leaning a skill．
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．每段对话或独白读两遍．
6．（3分）（1）Why was Alice late？
A． She made a call．
B． She got up late．
C． She set off late．
（2）What is the probable relationship between the two speakers？
A． Teacher and student．
B． Father and daughter．
C． Boss and employee．
7．（3分）（1）What is the weather mostly like during their camping trip？
A． It's hot．
B． It's cold．
C． It's rainy．
（2）How does Linda feel about the man？
A． Mysterious．
B． Considerate．
C． Disgusting．
8．（4.5分）（1）What are the speakers talking about？
A． Housekeeping．
B． Shopping．
C． Coking．
（2）Whose price has just increased at the highest rate？
A． Cheese's．
B． Bacon's．
C． Meat's．
（3）Why is the woman unwilling to buy instant coffee？
A． Because it's bitter．
B． Because it's unpopular．
C． Because it's expensive．
9．（6分）（1）What is probably the man speaker？
A． A chemist．
B． A dentist．
C． A patient．
（2）When does the woman have an appointment with Dr． Williams？
A． This morning．
B． At five o'clock．
C． Next week．
（3）What does the man suggest the woman do？
A． Wait for Dr． Williams．
B． Be cautious about her diet．
C． Go to the dentist's directly．
（4）What will the man do to help the woman？
A． Give her what she wants．
B． Ring Dr． Williams for her．
C． Make an appointment for her．
10．（6分）（1）Where can students keep fit？
A． In the recreation center．
B． In a fast food restaurant．
C． In the student health center．
（2）What do we know about the supply of healthy food in most university restaurants？
A． I's short．
B． I's abundant．
C． I's reasonable．
（3）Which of the following do students find extremely good？
A． Fitness activities．
B． The smoking ban．
C． Medical care．
（4）What is the speaker mainly talking about？
A． Convenience in exercise．
B． Healthy life in universities．
C． Medical care for university students．
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
11．（6分）The skin under the eyes is delicate， which is why it sometimes appears sunken and has darker coloring than elsewhere on the face． Aging and health problems play a role in sunken eyes but other factors can contribute， so it may affect younger people as well．
Dehydration
The most common cause of sunken eyes is dehydration， or not having enough water in the body． Consuming too much coffee， soda， and prepackaged drinks may increase production of urine（尿液）， which may lead to dehydration．
Vitamin shortages
Shortages of vitamin C， vitamin K， and iron can cause eyes to become sunken． Vitamin C helps with absorbing iron and decreasing bruising（瘀斑）， while vitamin K is responsible for blood thickening， causing unhealthy skin． Easy bruising and unhealthy skin will result in sunken eyes．
Weight loss
Most people tend to lose weight in their face first． Sometimes， the weight loss is sudden enough to make blood vessels（血管）below the eyes easy to see， and the skin clear， producing the appearance of sunken eyes． Sudden weight loss may also cause nutritional shortages， which can lead to sunken eyes．
Not enough sleep or por quality sleep can cause sunken eyes and a person's DNA or the habit of smoking can also contribute to sunken eyes． Most cases of sunken eyes relate to the quality of an individual's nutrition and healthy living． When these causes are corrected， sunken eyes can be resolved without further treatment． This means that causes can be avoided or treated in good time to prevent the recurrence of sunken eyes．
（1）What can we do to prevent dehydration according to the text？
A． Refuse coffee．
B． Drink more water．
C． Say no to soft drinks．
D． Have certain drinks less．
（2）What will lead to bruising below the eyes？
A． Lack of vitamin K．
B． Water shortages．
C． Lack of vitamin C．
D． Nutritional shortages．
（3）Which of the following should be avoided for people losing weight？
A． Pale faces．
B． Sudden weight loss．
C． Clean skin．
D． Narrow blood vessels．
12．（8分）In American countryside， the message we hear is this： Go and get an education． Leave your small town and make something of yourself． Success and opportunity are found elsewhere． Leave． Co．
After graduating from a high school in Helena， Arkansas， I did go．
I went to Colby College in Maine． I had visited the school ahead of time， so I knew what I was getting myself into． I knew about the difference in weather． I understood the difference in social atmosphere． But I wanted to stretch myself and get out of my comfort zone． And you know what？ I absolutely loved my time there． But one thing took me by surprise ﹣ the lack of countryside representation． Most of the other students at Colby were from big cities： New York， Boston， Los Angeles， San Francisco…And when I had conversations with these students ﹣ in or outside of class ﹣ we almost always focused on topics facing large American cities． In my education classes， it was always "urban this" and "urban that"．
It was like small town America didn't exist．
And this urban interest doesn't just happen in college． I went to an education conference a couple of years ago， and a professor ﹣ someone who had been at the forefront of educational reform ﹣ was there to deliver a keynote． I was chosen to be part of a small group that got to meet with him． So there we were， five or six of us siting in a room， and I asked him， "What are your thoughts on the state of education in the countryside？" And this man was
speechless．
I'll never forget that moment． It speaks to a larger truth． Towns like mine are forgotten．
This trend of exporting talent and resources to our big cities ﹣ this mindset of leaving small towns and never coming back ﹣ I don't want to add to that movement． I want to reverse that movement．
Now it's my turn to help people younger than me． And you know what？ I'm a sixth grade teacher in Helena now．
（1）What do people in American countryside think of the future of the youth at home？
A． Secure．
B． Fragile．
C． Promising．
D． Bright．
（2）What did the author find in his college classroom？
A． Students chatted freely．
B． Countryside was ignored．
C． He was looked down upon．
D． Students concentrated on education．
（3）How would the author feel about the professor's reaction？
A． It's emotional．
B． It's natural．
C． It's positive．
D． It's disappointing．
（4）What is the author doing now？
A． Teaching in a college．
B． Fighting for the movement．
C． Working with the professor．
D． Devoting himself to his hometown．
13．（8分）Anxiety is a natural response that changed gradually over millions of years to make us
more careful and our bodies prepared to flee danger． But feeling anxious because you heard a noise on a dark street isn't the same thing as having an anxiety disorder． "The key thing we look for in the clinic is whether anxiety is interfering（妨碍）with a person's day﹣to﹣day life， or causing them a lot of unhappiness，" says Nick Grey of King's College London．
To clinical psychologists like Grey， "maladaptive（不恰当的）beliefs" are typical in anxiety disorders and are often used to determine the type of anxiety someone has． In social anxiety disorder， the most common anxiety disorder， you might believe that your face turning red will result in people laughing at you． People with this type of disorder experience constant and great fear before， during and after social events．
If you have panic disorder， you might assume that you are having a heart attack if your heart starts to race． The physical symptoms of anxiety ﹣ a pounding heart， difficulty breathing， feeling dizzy ﹣ will then come on in a rush． Everyone can experience such panic attacks from time to time， but in panic disorder the attacks are regular and become a source of anxiety themselves．
Other maladaptive beliefs are less specific． Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by continuous worries about a range of different events or activities， for at least six months． If you have this condition， the belief driving your anxiety could， for example， be the feeling it's your job to take care of other people， or that you have responsibilities that you must meet at all cost． To decide who to refer for further treatment， doctors might use a tool called the GAD7test．
（1）Which of the following belongs to an anxiety disorder？
A． Quarreling with parents．
B． Getting to school earlier．
C． Missing a lunch．
D． Knocking on the wall．
（2）What is social anxiety characterized by？
A． Continuous worries．
B． Past experiences．
C． Maladaptive beliefs．
D． Frequent terrors．
（3）What will happen to you when you have panic disorder？
A． You can't stand steadily．
B． Your face turns red．
C． You can't touch anything．
D． Your hands feel numb．
（4）What anxiety disorder occurs more often than others？
A． Generalized anxiety．
B． Panic attacks．
C． Social anxiety．
D． Acute anxiety attacks．
14．（8分）It's at this time of the year that marathon recovery， not marathon training， starts to take center stage．
Research indicates that the muscle damage from running a marathon can last up to two weeks． The research also indicates that muscle soreness（肌肉酸痛）is not a good indicator of muscular healing． In other words， just because you aren't sore anymore doesn't mean that you are fully healed． This is the danger for marathon runners： post﹣marathon muscular soreness fades after a few days but minor damage within the muscle cells remains． If you return to full training too soon ﹣ running more and faster than the tissues are ready for ﹣ you risk delaying full recovery and the chance to get ready for your next goal．
The solution， it appears， is to recognize（and accept）that the muscles will take a while to heal and to be prepared to take it easy for the first couple of weeks （even longer if you're particularly sore after your marathon）． While the research isn't very promising when it comes to things to do to reduce soreness and aid healing， a couple of concepts appear to help． First， providing gentle blood flow to the area helps bring healing nutrients into the muscles and also helps to remove waste products and damaged tissue． Walking and gentle massage（按摩）can help， particularly in the first few days after a marathon． Once muscle soreness has significantly reduced（usually two to four days after the race）， light jogging can commence． Just be mindful to run very slowly．
No runner wants to get super fit and then lose that during the recovery process． But since
you must reduce your training load following your marathon， it can be difficult as to how much and how soon to insert running into your post﹣marathon training．
（1）When should marathon runners return to full training？
A． About half a month after the competition．
B． A few days after soreness disappears．
C． Before the tissues recover completely．
D． Before the next game draws closer．
（2）How can marathon runners reduce their muscle soreness？
A． Through family care．
B． By doing gentle exercise．
C． Through medical treatment．
D． By removing damaged tissue．
（3）Which of the following best explains "commence" underlined in paragraph 3？
A． Fit．
B． Heal．
C． Start．
D． Mend．
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A． Recovery after Marathon
B． Soreness with Sports
C． Healing Muscle Soreness
D． Reducing Training Load
第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
15．（10分）When I first came to UK from China at 6， I entered the first grade． （1） ． I saw children throw their left over food into the large trash cans ﹣ from half﹣eaten pizzas to untouched burgers． I watched them pour their milk into a white bucket． In China， this was a huge no﹣no in school． We had to finish everything．
One day， my first grade teacher announced that we would be having a party and everyone
was told to bring something from their country． （2） ． My mom stayed up after her long day of work and made many dumplings． She put them in the fridge and woke up early in the morning to steam them and fry them so they would taste extra fresh when I brought them to school． They smelled great and looked golden brown after they were cooked．
I was so excited to share these with my class and teachers． It was placed in the corner of the table next to all the other delicious food． （3） ． One or two kids bravely took a piece and knew what they were because they had it with their parents at a Chinese restaurant． At the end of the party， it was cleanup． My teacher walked up to me and asked， pointing to the dumplings， "Would you like to take these home？" I carefully replied， "No…"（4） ． I thought she was going to share it with other teachers， but immediately after I said that， she threw all the dumplings into the trash and continued cleaning． I was confused； what just happened？
（5） ． And today I still witness this frequently in my English fiends． Please eat all your food or take it to go or share it or just get enough so you don't have to throw it away． Thank you．
A． In China， "no" usually means "yes"
B． I got super excited and told my parents
C． It was very impolite to take your gift home
D． This was the biggest culture shock I have experienced
E． When I got home， I shared the experience with my parents
F． Many kids had the cookies and juices and were hesitant to try the dumplings
G． I didn't understand why kids were getting their lunch food and not finishing it
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节）第一节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
16．（30分）Paul looked out of the window of the classroom and sighed． The driveway was still （1） and it was getting dark． His dad had said that he would（2） him up by 5：30， but it was almost seven and Paul hadn't heard a word from him． Paul （3） to do some of his reading homework． （4） ， he couldn't help thinking of his dad． He
knew that his dad had a （5） and a life， but he couldn't（6） why he was always breaking his（7） ．
The next day at school， Paul didn't （8） his math homework． Paul's teacher noticed his unusually（9） performance and asked him why． Paul didn't want to （10） him． He knew that if he started talking a flood of （11） would pour out． He just wanted to be alone with his （12） ， so he sat there （13） ， not even looking at the teacher． "Well Paul， you can't have this thing （14） you up． The sooner you get it off your（15） ， the sooner you can heal．"
As Paul walked home from school， he （16） the things the teacher had told him． Paul knew that he hadn't （17） himself recently． Maybe he stopped doing his work because he was looking for（18） from his father． He realized that he wasn't just letting his dad （19） his plans， but he was letting him spoil his （20） ． He decided to take the teacher's advice．
（1）A． dusty
B． noisy
C． empty
D． leafy
（2）A． lift
B． pick
C． call
D． put
（3）A． tried
B． seemed
C． preferred
D． pretended
（4）A． Undoubtedly
B． Honestly
C． Thus
D． However
（5）A． job
B． problem
C． qualification
D． document
（6）A． believe
B． analyse
C． confirm
D． understand
（7）A． records
B． barriers
C． promises
D． habits
（8）A． turn over
B． turn in
C． complete
D． do
（9）A． poor
B． superior
C． memorable
D． strong
（10）A． disturb
B． interrupt
C． tell
D． track
（11）A． homework
B． revision
C． enquiries
D． emotions
（12）A． study
B． pain
C． responsibility
D． sympathy
（13）A． quietly
B． tentatively
C． voluntarily
D． unconditionally
（14）A． eat
B． wake
C． cheer
D． ring
（15）A． routine
B． plan
C． chest
D． curriculum
（16）A． gave up
B． reflected on
C． heard of
D． dreamed about
（17）A． persuaded
B． encouraged
C． defended
D． been
（18）A． freedom
B． expectation
C． guidance
D． attention
（19）A． abandon
B． ruin
C． oppose
D． postpone
（20）A． privilege
B． reputation
C． life
D． vacation
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上．
17．（15分）Maybe you have the most powerful passport in the world， or perhaps you carry the （1） （rare）． No matter the case， your passport will（2） （possible）be one of four colors： blue， green， red， or black． What gives？
While there are no specific（3） （rule）about passport colors， countries do follow（4） certain set of standards when designing them． The International Civil Aviation Organization （ICAO）， which works to recommend the principles of air travel， （5） （suggest）that countries use a specific typeface and type size for（6） （office）documents like passports．
Admittedly， there are a few compulsory aspects of these international IDs． Passports （7） （require）to be made out of a material that bends in order to prevent wrinkles， for example． They also need to be read by a machine at temperatures （8） （rage）from 14°F to 122°F．
Nothing stipulates（规定）the cover color except he existing recommendations for these international documents． Passport shades aren't just selected（9） random， though． Most counties sill chose to use simple， dark shades of red， green， and blue． Why？ Not only do dark colors look more formal， （10） they can hide dirt and wear．
第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
18．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每次错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用（）划掉．
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1． 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2． 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
There may be two mainly reasons for the popularity of English in China in recent year： the economic（经济的）reform and the open policy． With the development of international trade and co﹣operation， English as the international language play a more and more important role． The demand for people known English is increasing． The labor market needs you to do business with foreign companies， to open foreign markets， and to learn to use up advanced technology from abroad． They are also needed to participate international affairs． University students who English level is high are easily employed and well pay． This encourages people to learn English．
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
19．（25分）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Chris 在电视里看到中国春运，发邮件向你询问有关情况．请你回复邮件，内容包括：1． 原因及时间；
2． 30多亿人次流动；
3． 交通方式．
注意：1． 词数100左右；
2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
3． 参考词汇：春运 ﹣ Spring Festival travel rush
2019年湖北省武汉市高考英语模拟试卷（2月份）
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分 听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．例：How much is the shirt？A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.答案是C．
1．（1.5分）Where does this conversation most likely take place？
A． At a flower shop．
B． On a hill．
C． In a garden．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
2．（1.5分）What will the man probably do？
A． Co outside．
B． Read a magazine．
C． Listen to a program．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
3．（1.5分）How does the girl usually get back to school？
A． By car．
B． By bus．
C． By taxi．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
4．（1.5分）What do we know about the woman speaker？
A． She's strict．
B． She's regretful．
C． She's caring．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
5．（1.5分）What is the man speaker doing？
A． Making a suggestion．
B． Doing housework．
C． Leaning a skill．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．每段对话或独白读两遍．
6．（3分）（1）Why was Alice late？
A． She made a call．
B． She got up late．
C． She set off late．
（2）What is the probable relationship between the two speakers？
A． Teacher and student．
B． Father and daughter．
C． Boss and employee．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】CC
【点评】略
7．（3分）（1）What is the weather mostly like during their camping trip？
A． It's hot．
B． It's cold．
C． It's rainy．
（2）How does Linda feel about the man？
A． Mysterious．
B． Considerate．
C． Disgusting．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】AB
【点评】略
8．（4.5分）（1）What are the speakers talking about？
A． Housekeeping．
B． Shopping．
C． Coking．
（2）Whose price has just increased at the highest rate？
A． Cheese's．
B． Bacon's．
C． Meat's．
（3）Why is the woman unwilling to buy instant coffee？
A． Because it's bitter．
B． Because it's unpopular．
C． Because it's expensive．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】ACB
【点评】略
9．（6分）（1）What is probably the man speaker？
A． A chemist．
B． A dentist．
C． A patient．
（2）When does the woman have an appointment with Dr． Williams？
A． This morning．
B． At five o'clock．
C． Next week．
（3）What does the man suggest the woman do？
A． Wait for Dr． Williams．
B． Be cautious about her diet．
C． Go to the dentist's directly．
（4）What will the man do to help the woman？
A． Give her what she wants．
B． Ring Dr． Williams for her．
C． Make an appointment for her．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】ACBB
【点评】略
10．（6分）（1）Where can students keep fit？
A． In the recreation center．
B． In a fast food restaurant．
C． In the student health center．
（2）What do we know about the supply of healthy food in most university restaurants？
A． I's short．
B． I's abundant．
C． I's reasonable．
（3）Which of the following do students find extremely good？
A． Fitness activities．
B． The smoking ban．
C． Medical care．
（4）What is the speaker mainly talking about？
A． Convenience in exercise．
B． Healthy life in universities．
C． Medical care for university students．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】AACB
【点评】略
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
11．（6分）The skin under the eyes is delicate， which is why it sometimes appears sunken and has darker coloring than elsewhere on the face． Aging and health problems play a role in sunken eyes but other factors can contribute， so it may affect younger people as well．
Dehydration
The most common cause of sunken eyes is dehydration， or not having enough water in the body． Consuming too much coffee， soda， and prepackaged drinks may increase production of urine（尿液）， which may lead to dehydration．
Vitamin shortages
Shortages of vitamin C， vitamin K， and iron can cause eyes to become sunken． Vitamin C helps with absorbing iron and decreasing bruising（瘀斑）， while vitamin K is responsible for blood thickening， causing unhealthy skin． Easy bruising and unhealthy skin will result in sunken eyes．
Weight loss
Most people tend to lose weight in their face first． Sometimes， the weight loss is sudden
enough to make blood vessels（血管）below the eyes easy to see， and the skin clear， producing the appearance of sunken eyes． Sudden weight loss may also cause nutritional shortages， which can lead to sunken eyes．
Not enough sleep or por quality sleep can cause sunken eyes and a person's DNA or the habit of smoking can also contribute to sunken eyes． Most cases of sunken eyes relate to the quality of an individual's nutrition and healthy living． When these causes are corrected， sunken eyes can be resolved without further treatment． This means that causes can be avoided or treated in good time to prevent the recurrence of sunken eyes．
（1）What can we do to prevent dehydration according to the text？ D
A． Refuse coffee．
B． Drink more water．
C． Say no to soft drinks．
D． Have certain drinks less．
（2）What will lead to bruising below the eyes？ C
A． Lack of vitamin K．
B． Water shortages．
C． Lack of vitamin C．
D． Nutritional shortages．
（3）Which of the following should be avoided for people losing weight？ B
A． Pale faces．
B． Sudden weight loss．
C． Clean skin．
D． Narrow blood vessels．
【考点】O1：人物故事类．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文章主要讲述了眼睛是非常脆弱的，眼睛周围的皮肤更是脆弱，因此要避免眼窝的凹陷，文章讲述了几种可能造成眼窝凹陷的情况，以及处理方法．
【解答】1． D．细节题．根据文章第二段内容，Consuming too much coffee， soda， and prepackaged drinks may increase production of urine（尿液）， which may lead to
dehydration．喝太多的咖啡、苏打水和预先包装的饮料可能会增加尿液的产生，这可能导致脱水．由此可知，减少这些特定的饮料的引用，可以预防或者避免脱水．结合选项，故选D．
2．C．细节题．根据文章第三段内容，Shortages of vitamin C， vitamin K， and iron can cause eyes to become sunken． Vitamin C helps with absorbing iron and decreasing bruising（瘀斑），由此可知， 维生素C、维生素K和铁的缺乏会导致眼睛凹陷．维生素C有助于吸收铁并减少瘀伤．故缺少了维生素C会导致眼周的瘀伤，结合选项，故选C．
3．B．细节题．根据文章倒数第二段内容，Sometimes， the weight loss is sudden enough to make blood vessels（血管）below the eyes easy to see， and the skin clear， producing the appearance of sunken eyes． Sudden weight loss may also cause nutritional shortages， which can lead to sunken eyes．有时，体重突然下降，会使眼睛下方的血管容易看到，皮肤清澈，产生眼窝凹陷的现象．突然的体重下降也可能导致营养不足，从而导致眼窝凹陷．结合选项，正在减肥的人要避免体重的突然下降，结合选项，故选B．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
12．（8分）In American countryside， the message we hear is this： Go and get an education． Leave your small town and make something of yourself． Success and opportunity are found elsewhere． Leave． Co．
After graduating from a high school in Helena， Arkansas， I did go．
I went to Colby College in Maine． I had visited the school ahead of time， so I knew what I was getting myself into． I knew about the difference in weather． I understood the difference in social atmosphere． But I wanted to stretch myself and get out of my comfort zone． And you know what？ I absolutely loved my time there． But one thing took me by surprise ﹣ the lack of countryside representation． Most of the other students at Colby were from big cities： New York， Boston， Los Angeles， San Francisco…And when I had conversations with these students ﹣ in or outside of class ﹣ we almost always focused on topics facing large American cities． In my education classes， it was always "urban this" and "urban that"．
It was like small town America didn't exist．
And this urban interest doesn't just happen in college． I went to an education conference a
couple of years ago， and a professor ﹣ someone who had been at the forefront of educational reform ﹣ was there to deliver a keynote． I was chosen to be part of a small group that got to meet with him． So there we were， five or six of us siting in a room， and I asked him， "What are your thoughts on the state of education in the countryside？" And this man was speechless．
I'll never forget that moment． It speaks to a larger truth． Towns like mine are forgotten．
This trend of exporting talent and resources to our big cities ﹣ this mindset of leaving small towns and never coming back ﹣ I don't want to add to that movement． I want to reverse that movement．
Now it's my turn to help people younger than me． And you know what？ I'm a sixth grade teacher in Helena now．
（1）What do people in American countryside think of the future of the youth at home？ B
A． Secure．
B． Fragile．
C． Promising．
D． Bright．
（2）What did the author find in his college classroom？ B
A． Students chatted freely．
B． Countryside was ignored．
C． He was looked down upon．
D． Students concentrated on education．
（3）How would the author feel about the professor's reaction？ D
A． It's emotional．
B． It's natural．
C． It's positive．
D． It's disappointing．
（4）What is the author doing now？ D
A． Teaching in a college．
B． Fighting for the movement．
C． Working with the professor．
D． Devoting himself to his hometown．
【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文介绍美国一些大学对于农村知识的缺失，作者想改变大家的看法并身体力行．
【解答】1．B．细节理解题．根据第一段In American countryside， the message we hear is this： Go and get an education． Leave your small town and make something of yourself． Success and opportunity are found elsewhere． Leave． Co．在美国农村，我们听到的信息是：去接受教育．离开你的小镇，为自己做点事情．可知未来的年轻人很脆弱，故选B．
2．B．细节理解题．根据第三段 I absolutely loved my time there． But one thing took me by surprise ﹣ the lack of countryside representation． Most of the other students at Colby were from big cities我非常喜欢我在那里的时光，但有一件事让我感到惊讶﹣﹣农村地区缺乏代表性．可知农村被忽视了，故选B．
3．D．细节理解题．根据第三段 I went to an education conference a couple of years ago， and a professor ﹣ someone who had been at the forefront of educational reform ﹣ was there to deliver a keynote． I was chosen to be part of a small group that got to meet with him． So there we were， five or six of us siting in a room， and I asked him， "What are your thoughts on the state of education in the countryside？" And this man was speechless位教授﹣﹣他曾站在教育改革的最前沿﹣﹣在那里发表了一个主旨演讲．我们是一小群人中的一部分人，他们中有五、六人坐在一个房间里，我问他："你对农村的教育状况有什么看法？"这个人说不出话来．可知对于教授很失望，故选D．
4．D．细节理解题．根据最后两段This trend of exporting talent and resources to our big cities ﹣ this mindset of leaving small towns and never coming back ﹣ I don't want to add to that movement． I want to reverse that movement． Now it's my turn to help people younger than me． And you know what？ I'm a sixth grade teacher in Helena now．这种向我们的大城市输出人才和资源的趋势﹣﹣这种离开小城镇，再也不回来的心态﹣﹣我不想助长这种运动．现在轮到我来帮助比我年轻的人了．我现在是海伦娜六年级的老师．可知作者正献身于农村，故选D．
【点评】此类题型主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．细节理解题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，所以在做细节理解题时要结合原文和提干有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，再结合选项选出正确答案．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要联系上下文根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．在做主旨大意题时考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点，确定主旨．
13．（8分）Anxiety is a natural response that changed gradually over millions of years to make us more careful and our bodies prepared to flee danger． But feeling anxious because you heard a noise on a dark street isn't the same thing as having an anxiety disorder． "The key thing we look for in the clinic is whether anxiety is interfering（妨碍）with a person's day﹣to﹣day life， or causing them a lot of unhappiness，" says Nick Grey of King's College London．
To clinical psychologists like Grey， "maladaptive（不恰当的）beliefs" are typical in anxiety disorders and are often used to determine the type of anxiety someone has． In social anxiety disorder， the most common anxiety disorder， you might believe that your face turning red will result in people laughing at you． People with this type of disorder experience constant and great fear before， during and after social events．
If you have panic disorder， you might assume that you are having a heart attack if your heart starts to race． The physical symptoms of anxiety ﹣ a pounding heart， difficulty breathing， feeling dizzy ﹣ will then come on in a rush． Everyone can experience such panic attacks from time to time， but in panic disorder the attacks are regular and become a source of anxiety themselves．
Other maladaptive beliefs are less specific． Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by continuous worries about a range of different events or activities， for at least six months． If you have this condition， the belief driving your anxiety could， for example， be the feeling it's your job to take care of other people， or that you have responsibilities that you must meet at all cost． To decide who to refer for further treatment， doctors might use a tool called the GAD7test．
（1）Which of the following belongs to an anxiety disorder？ A
A． Quarreling with parents．
B． Getting to school earlier．
C． Missing a lunch．
D． Knocking on the wall．
（2）What is social anxiety characterized by？ D
A． Continuous worries．
B． Past experiences．
C． Maladaptive beliefs．
D． Frequent terrors．
（3）What will happen to you when you have panic disorder？ A
A． You can't stand steadily．
B． Your face turns red．
C． You can't touch anything．
D． Your hands feel numb．
（4）What anxiety disorder occurs more often than others？ C
A． Generalized anxiety．
B． Panic attacks．
C． Social anxiety．
D． Acute anxiety attacks．
【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文介绍各种焦虑症：社交恐惧症，焦虑紊乱等．
【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据第二段To clinical psychologists like Grey， "maladaptive（不恰当的）beliefs" are typical in anxiety disorders and are often used to determine the type of anxiety someone has． In social anxiety disorder， the most common anxiety disorder， you might believe that your face turning red will result in people laughing at you． People with this type of disorder experience constant and great fear before， during and after social events．对于像灰色这样的临床心理学家来说，"不适应的信念"在焦虑症中是很典型的，并且经常被用来确定某人的焦虑类型．人们嘲笑你．这种类型的人在社交活动之前、期间和之后会经历持续不断的巨大恐惧．可知根据特点和父母亲吵架属于焦虑紊乱，故选A．
2．D．细节理解题．根据第二段In social anxiety disorder， the most common anxiety disorder， you might believe that your face turning red will result in people laughing at you． People with
this type of disorder experience constant and great fear before， during and after social events．这种类型的人在社交活动之前、期间和之后会经历持续不断的巨大恐惧．可知赋予持续恐惧的特点，故选D．
3．A．细节理解题．根据第三段 If you have panic disorder， you might assume that you are having a heart attack if your heart starts to race． The physical symptoms of anxiety ﹣ a pounding heart， difficulty breathing， feeling dizzy ﹣ will then come on in a rush． Everyone can experience such panic attacks from time to time， but in panic disorder the attacks are regular and become a source of anxiety themselves．如果你有恐慌症，如果你的心脏开始跳动，你可能会认为你是心脏病发作．焦虑的身体症状﹣﹣心脏跳动，呼吸困难，感到头晕﹣﹣会很快出现，每个人都能感觉到这种恐慌性的攻击不时发生，但在恐慌性紊乱的情况下，这种攻击是经常发生的，并成为焦虑的来源．可知你站不稳，故选A．
4．C．细节理解题．根据第二段 In social anxiety disorder， the most common anxiety disorder， you might believe that your face turning red will result in people laughing at you． People with this type of disorder experience constant and great fear before， during and after social events．在社交焦虑障碍，即最常见的焦虑障碍中，你可能相信你的脸变红了，人们会嘲笑你．可知社交焦虑比其他更容易发生，故选C．
【点评】此类题型主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．细节理解题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，所以在做细节理解题时要结合原文和提干有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，再结合选项选出正确答案．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要联系上下文根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．在做主旨大意题时考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点，确定主旨．
14．（8分）It's at this time of the year that marathon recovery， not marathon training， starts to take center stage．
Research indicates that the muscle damage from running a marathon can last up to two weeks． The research also indicates that muscle soreness（肌肉酸痛）is not a good indicator of muscular healing． In other words， just because you aren't sore anymore doesn't mean that you are fully healed． This is the danger for marathon runners： post﹣marathon muscular soreness fades after a few days but minor damage within the muscle cells remains． If you
return to full training too soon ﹣ running more and faster than the tissues are ready for ﹣ you risk delaying full recovery and the chance to get ready for your next goal．
The solution， it appears， is to recognize（and accept）that the muscles will take a while to heal and to be prepared to take it easy for the first couple of weeks （even longer if you're particularly sore after your marathon）． While the research isn't very promising when it comes to things to do to reduce soreness and aid healing， a couple of concepts appear to help． First， providing gentle blood flow to the area helps bring healing nutrients into the muscles and also helps to remove waste products and damaged tissue． Walking and gentle massage（按摩）can help， particularly in the first few days after a marathon． Once muscle soreness has significantly reduced（usually two to four days after the race）， light jogging can commence． Just be mindful to run very slowly．
No runner wants to get super fit and then lose that during the recovery process． But since you must reduce your training load following your marathon， it can be difficult as to how much and how soon to insert running into your post﹣marathon training．
（1）When should marathon runners return to full training？ A
A． About half a month after the competition．
B． A few days after soreness disappears．
C． Before the tissues recover completely．
D． Before the next game draws closer．
（2）How can marathon runners reduce their muscle soreness？ B
A． Through family care．
B． By doing gentle exercise．
C． Through medical treatment．
D． By removing damaged tissue．
（3）Which of the following best explains "commence" underlined in paragraph 3？ C
A． Fit．
B． Heal．
C． Start．
D． Mend．
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ A
A． Recovery after Marathon
B． Soreness with Sports
C． Healing Muscle Soreness
D． Reducing Training Load
【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文介绍在马拉松比赛后如何进行恢复性训练．
【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据第二段Research indicates that the muscle damage from running a marathon can last up to two weeks． The research also indicates that muscle soreness（肌肉酸痛）is not a good indicator of muscular healing．研究表明，跑马拉松造成的肌肉损伤可能长达两周．研究还表明，肌肉疼痛不是肌肉愈合的良好指标，可知最好进行恢复就是比赛后的半个月，故选A．
2．B．细节理解题．根据第二段post﹣marathon muscular soreness fades after a few days but minor damage within the muscle cells remains．马拉松后的肌肉酸痛会在几天后消退，但肌肉细胞内的轻微损伤依然存在．可知做一些柔和的锻炼，故选B．
3．C．词义猜测题．根据倒数第二段Once muscle soreness has significantly reduced（usually two to four days after the race）， light jogging can commence． Just be mindful to run very slowly．一旦肌肉疼痛明显减轻（通常在赛后两四天），轻微的慢跑就可以开始了．可知划线部分是开始的含义，故选C．
4．A．文章标题．本文介绍在马拉松比赛后如何进行恢复性训练及相关的原因，可知标题为马拉松后的恢复，故选A．
【点评】此类题型主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．细节理解题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，所以在做细节理解题时要结合原文和提干有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，再结合选项选出正确答案．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要联系上下文根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．在做主旨大意题时考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点，确定主旨．
第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
15．（10分）When I first came to UK from China at 6， I entered the first grade． （1）
G ． I saw children throw their left over food into the large trash cans ﹣ from half﹣eaten pizzas to untouched burgers． I watched them pour their milk into a white bucket． In China， this was a huge no﹣no in school． We had to finish everything．
One day， my first grade teacher announced that we would be having a party and everyone was told to bring something from their country． （2） B ． My mom stayed up after her long day of work and made many dumplings． She put them in the fridge and woke up early in the morning to steam them and fry them so they would taste extra fresh when I brought them to school． They smelled great and looked golden brown after they were cooked．
I was so excited to share these with my class and teachers． It was placed in the corner of the table next to all the other delicious food． （3） F ． One or two kids bravely took a piece and knew what they were because they had it with their parents at a Chinese restaurant． At the end of the party， it was cleanup． My teacher walked up to me and asked， pointing to the dumplings， "Would you like to take these home？" I carefully replied， "No…"（4） C ． I thought she was going to share it with other teachers， but immediately after I said that， she threw all the dumplings into the trash and continued cleaning． I was confused； what just happened？
（5） D ． And today I still witness this frequently in my English fiends． Please eat all your food or take it to go or share it or just get enough so you don't have to throw it away． Thank you．
A． In China， "no" usually means "yes"
B． I got super excited and told my parents
C． It was very impolite to take your gift home
D． This was the biggest culture shock I have experienced
E． When I got home， I shared the experience with my parents
F． Many kids had the cookies and juices and were hesitant to try the dumplings
G． I didn't understand why kids were getting their lunch food and not finishing it
【考点】PF：选句填空．菁优网版权所有
【分析】
本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了作者经历过的最大的文化冲击："我"的一年级老师宣布我们要举办一个聚会，并要求每个人从他们的国家带些东西来．"我"带来了饺子，但是没有人愿意吃，最后都扔掉了．
【解答】GBFCD
1．G．联系下文题．根据后文I saw children throw their left over food into the large trash cans ﹣ from half﹣eaten pizzas to untouched burgers．可知我看到孩子们把剩下的食物扔到大垃圾桶里﹣﹣从吃了一半的比萨饼到没动过的汉堡．G项：I didn't understand why kids were getting their lunch food and not finishing it．我不明白为什么孩子们吃午饭却不吃完．符合文意，故选G．
2．B．语境辨析题．根据前文One day， my first grade teacher announced that we would be having a party and everyone was told to bring something from their country．可知有一天，我的一年级老师宣布我们要举办一个聚会，并要求每个人从他们的国家带些东西来．根据后文My mom stayed up after her long day of work and made many dumplings．可知我妈妈在工作了一天之后就熬夜了，做了许多饺子．B项：I got super excited and told my parents．我非常兴奋，告诉了我的父母．符合文意，故选B．
3．F．推理判断题．根据前文It was placed in the corner of the table next to all the other delicious food．可知它被放在桌子的角落里，挨着所有其他美味的食物．F项：Many kids had the cookies and juices and were hesitant to try the dumplings．许多孩子吃了饼干和果汁，不愿意吃饺子．符合文意，故选F．
4．C．理解判断题．根据前文My teacher walked up to me and asked， pointing to the dumplings， "Would you like to take these home？" I carefully replied， "No…"可知老师走到我跟前，指着饺子问："你想把这些带回家吗？"我小心地回答："不……"．C项：It was very impolite to take your gift home．把礼物带回家是很不礼貌的．符合文意，故选C．
5．D．归纳总结题．根据后文And today I still witness this frequently in my English fiends． Please eat all your food or take it to go or share it or just get enough so you don't have to throw it away． Thank you．可知今天我仍然经常在我的英语朋友中看到这一点．请把你所有的食物都吃了，或者带着吃，或者分享，或者仅仅得到足够的食物，这样你就不必扔掉它了．谢谢．D项：This was the biggest culture shock I have experienced．这是我经历过的最大的文化冲击．符合文意，故选D．
【点评】
完成七选五阅读时，我们可以从关联词上查找答案．由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索．在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来．
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节）第一节：完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
16．（30分）Paul looked out of the window of the classroom and sighed． The driveway was still （1） C and it was getting dark． His dad had said that he would（2） B him up by 5：30， but it was almost seven and Paul hadn't heard a word from him． Paul （3） A to do some of his reading homework． （4） D ， he couldn't help thinking of his dad． He knew that his dad had a （5） A and a life， but he couldn't（6） D why he was always breaking his（7） C ．
The next day at school， Paul didn't （8） B his math homework． Paul's teacher noticed his unusually（9） A performance and asked him why． Paul didn't want to （10） C him． He knew that if he started talking a flood of （11） D would pour out． He just wanted to be alone with his （12） B ， so he sat there （13） A ， not even looking at the teacher． "Well Paul， you can't have this thing （14） A you up． The sooner you get it off your（15） C ， the sooner you can heal．"
As Paul walked home from school， he （16） B the things the teacher had told him． Paul knew that he hadn't （17） D himself recently． Maybe he stopped doing his work because he was looking for（18） D from his father． He realized that he wasn't just letting his dad （19） B his plans， but he was letting him spoil his （20） C ． He decided to take the teacher's advice．
（1）A． dusty
B． noisy
C． empty
D． leafy
（2）A． lift
B． pick
C． call
D． put
（3）A． tried
B． seemed
C． preferred
D． pretended
（4）A． Undoubtedly
B． Honestly
C． Thus
D． However
（5）A． job
B． problem
C． qualification
D． document
（6）A． believe
B． analyse
C． confirm
D． understand
（7）A． records
B． barriers
C． promises
D． habits
（8）A． turn over
B． turn in
C． complete
D． do
（9）A． poor
B． superior
C． memorable
D． strong
（10）A． disturb
B． interrupt
C． tell
D． track
（11）A． homework
B． revision
C． enquiries
D． emotions
（12）A． study
B． pain
C． responsibility
D． sympathy
（13）A． quietly
B． tentatively
C． voluntarily
D． unconditionally
（14）A． eat
B． wake
C． cheer
D． ring
（15）A． routine
B． plan
C． chest
D． curriculum
（16）A． gave up
B． reflected on
C． heard of
D． dreamed about
（17）A． persuaded
B． encouraged
C． defended
D． been
（18）A． freedom
B． expectation
C． guidance
D． attention
（19）A． abandon
B． ruin
C． oppose
D． postpone
（20）A． privilege
B． reputation
C． life
D． vacation
【考点】MF：故事类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】短文主要讲了Paul一直想得到父亲的关注，因此自己心情也不好，影响了学习和生活，后来在老师的指导下，Paul意识到不应该沉溺于现在的这种痛苦中．
【解答】1﹣20 CBADA DCBAC DBAAC BDDBC
1．C．形容词的辨析，dusty布满灰尘的，noisy嘈杂的，empty空的，leafy多叶的，此处指路上还是空的，故答案为C．
2．B．上下文的理解，根据语境他的父亲说五点半会来接他，使用pick up，故答案为B．
3．A．动词的辨析，tried尝试，seemed似乎，preferred宁愿，pretended假装，Paul试着做一些阅读作业，故答案为A．
4．D．副词的辨析，undoubtedly毋庸置疑地，honestly老实说，thus因此，however然而，前后句子构成转折的关系，故答案为D．
5．A．名词的辨析，job工作，problem问题，qualification资格，document文件，他知道父亲有工作和生活，故答案为A．
6．D．动词的辨析，believe相信，analyse分析，confirm证实，understand理解，但是他不明白父亲为何总是不信守承诺，故答案为D．
7．C．名词的辨析，records记录，barriers障碍，promises承诺，habits习惯，但是他不明白父亲为何总是不信守承诺，故答案为C．
8．B．动词的辨析，turn over翻转，turn in上交，complete完成，do做，第二天Paul没有上交数学作业，故答案为B．
9．A．形容词的辨析，poor不好的，superior高级的，memorable值得纪念的，strong强壮的，Paul的老师注意到他这种不寻常的不好的表现，故答案为A．
10．C．动词的辨析，disturb打扰，interrupt打断，tell告诉，track追踪，Paul不想告诉老师，故答案为C．
11．D．名词的辨析，homework作业，revision修改，enquiries询问，emotions情绪，他知道如果他开始说了，所有的情绪都会倾泻而出，故答案为D．
12．B．名词的辨析，根据语境Paul不想告诉别人，只想自己一个人忍受着痛苦，使用pain，故答案为B．
13．A．副词的辨析，quietly安静地，tentatively实验性地，voluntarily自愿地，unconditionally无条件地，所以他安静地坐在那，故答案为A．
14．A．动词的辨析，根据语境老师安慰Paul不能让这件事情占据他的思绪，使用eat sb． up，故答案为A．
15．C．名词的辨析，routine日常，plan计划，chest胸口，curriculum课程，你越快放下心来，就越快恢复，故答案为C．
16．B．短语的辨析，gave up放弃，reflected on反省，heard of听说，dreamed about梦想，Paul在回家的路上反省着老师告诉他的话，故答案为B．
17．D．动词的辨析，persuaded说服，encouraged鼓励，defended辩护，been是，Paul知道他最近感觉不是自己，有点反常，故答案为D．
18．D．名词的辨析，freedom自由，expectation期待，guidance指导，attention注意，或许他在找寻着父亲对他的关注，故答案为D．
19．B．动词的辨析，abandon抛弃，ruin毁坏，oppose反对，postpone推迟，他不仅让父亲毁了自己的计划，故答案为B．
20．C．上下文的理解，根据语境他觉得总是想着父亲对自己的关注，会毁了自己的生活，使用life，故答案为C．
【点评】
在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上．
17．（15分）Maybe you have the most powerful passport in the world， or perhaps you carry the （1） rarest （rare）． No matter the case， your passport will（2） possibly （possible）be one of four colors： blue， green， red， or black． What gives？
While there are no specific（3） rules （rule）about passport colors， countries do follow（4） a certain set of standards when designing them． The International Civil Aviation Organization （ICAO）， which works to recommend the principles of air travel， （5） suggests （suggest）that countries use a specific typeface and type size for（6） official （office）documents like passports．
Admittedly， there are a few compulsory aspects of these international IDs． Passports （7） are required （require）to be made out of a material that bends in order to prevent wrinkles， for example． They also need to be read by a machine at temperatures （8） ranging （rage）from 14°F to 122°F．
Nothing stipulates（规定）the cover color except he existing recommendations for these international documents． Passport shades aren't just selected（9） at random， though． Most counties sill chose to use simple， dark shades of red， green， and blue． Why？ Not only do dark colors look more formal， （10） but（also） they can hide dirt and wear．
【考点】N6：语法填空．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文讲述世界各国护照都可能是四种颜色中的一种：蓝色、绿色、红色或黑色．以及护照的设计原则．
【解答】1． rarest，考查最高级，前面有定冠词the，所以用形容词最高级．故填rarest．
2． possibly，考查副词，修饰动词，所以用副词，故填possibly．
3． rules，考查名词的数，谓语为are，所以用复数名词作主语．故填rules．
4． a，考查冠词，a set of一套，故填a．
5． suggests，考查主谓一致，主语为单数名词，所以用第三人称单数谓语，故填suggests．
6． official，考查形容词，修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填official．
7． are required，考查语态，句子主语和require之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填are required．
8． ranging，考查现在分词，range和它所修饰的名词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语．
9． at ，考查固定搭配，at random任意地，胡乱地．
10． but（also），考查固定搭配，not only…but（also）不但…而且．
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
18．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每次错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用（）划掉．
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1． 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2． 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
There may be two mainly reasons for the popularity of English in China in recent year： the economic（经济的）reform and the open policy． With the development of international trade and co﹣operation， English as the international language play a more and more important role． The demand for people known English is increasing． The labor market needs you to do business with foreign companies， to open foreign markets， and to learn to use up advanced technology from abroad． They are also needed to participate international affairs． University students who English level is high are easily employed and well pay． This encourages people to learn English．
【考点】NA：短文改错．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文主要介绍中国学习英语的两个原因：其一，经济改革开放政策．随着国际贸易和合作的发展，英语作为国际语言起着越来越重要的作用，对懂英语的人的需求正在上升；其次，为了学习国外先进技术，参与国际事务也需要学习英语．
【解答】There may be two mainly reasons for the popularity of English in China in recent year： the economic（经济的）reform and the open policy． With the development of international trade and co﹣operation， English as the international language play a more and more important role． The demand for people known English is increasing． The labor market needs you to do business with foreign companies， to open foreign markets， and to learn to use up advanced technology from abroad． They are also needed to participate ∧ international affairs． University students who English level is high are easily employed and well pay． This encourages people to learn English．
详解：
1． mainly改为main．考查形容词．reasons是名词，要用形容词修饰．故mainly改为main．
2． year改为years．考查名词复数．year是可数名词，根据上下文语境要用复数形式．故year改为years．
3． the改为an．考查冠词．language是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词a表示泛指，因international读音以发元音开头，用不定冠词an．故the改为an．
4． play改为plays．考查主谓一致．主语English是单数形式，其谓语动词也应用单数形式．故play改为plays．
5． known改为knowing．考查现在分词．people与know之间是主谓关系，用现在分词作后置定语．故known改为knowing．
6． you改为them．考查代词．them指代前文中提到的people knowing English．故you改为them．
7． 去掉up．考查词语用法．use意为"使用"，use up意为"用光"，此处应是前者．故去掉up．
8． 加in．考查固定搭配．participate in意为"参加"，是固定搭配．故加in．
9． who改为whose．考查定语从句．分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词students在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose．故who改为whose．
10．
pay改为paid．考查动词语态．students与pay之间是动宾关系，要用一般现在时的被动语态．故pay改为paid．
【点评】高考短文改错题的形式有说明文，短文故事，书信等，具有很强的实用性．短文的内容和语言都符合高中学生的实际，从表面上看类似一篇学生习作．首先，通读全文，了解短文大意，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑，在通读全文时把一些容易的错误先改好，再进行逐句改错．其次，要进行逐个句子的改错．这是要对文中的词法、句法和语篇着重分析和特别注意．最后把改好的短文再阅读一遍，检查答案是否正确，感觉是否还有不妥之处，最终形成定稿．
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
19．（25分）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Chris 在电视里看到中国春运，发邮件向你询问有关情况．请你回复邮件，内容包括：1． 原因及时间；
2． 30多亿人次流动；
3． 交通方式．
注意：1． 词数100左右；
2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
3． 参考词汇：春运 ﹣ Spring Festival travel rush
【考点】R1：提纲类．菁优网版权所有
【分析】高分句型
1．Undoubtedly， people living in or outside their hometown， home or abroad， will eagerly hurry home before the day at all cost， and flood to work or school after that， for which Spring Festival travel rush comes into sight spectacularly．
句子里，修饰名词people ，现在分词living in or outside their hometown， home or abroad做定语；介词 for 和关系词which 引导非限制性定语从句Spring Festival travel rush comes into sight spectacularly．
毫无疑问，无论是在国内还是国外，无论是在家里还是在外居住的人们，都会不惜一切代价赶在春节之前回家，然后在春节以后在赶回到工作单位或学校，春运就由此而来．
2．During the rush， what impresses you most is its huge scale．
句子里， what 引导主语从句impresses you most．
在高峰时期，给你印象最深的是它的巨大规模．
【解答】Dear Chris，
Traditionally， getting together is very important for Chinese families， especially when the
Spring Festival is coming． Undoubtedly， people living in or outside their hometown， home or abroad， will eagerly hurry home before the day at all cost， and flood to work or school after that， for which Spring Festival travel rush comes into sight spectacularly．【高分句型一】（中国春运的 原因及时间）
The Spring Festival travel rush lasts for over one month． During the rush， what impresses you most is its huge scale．【高分句型二】 In every corner of China 3 billion passengers pour in or pour out by train， by airplane， by bus or by car． For public transportation， people can reserve tickets online efficiently and effectively．（交通方式）
All in all， if you need to know more， just come to China to experience personally．（提出邀请）
Yours，
Li Hua
【点评】审题是否清楚是一篇书面表达成功与否的关键所在，在整个写作过程中起着决定性作用．审好题会让我们做到"磨刀不误砍柴工"，审题时要做到以下几点：
（1）审要求：书面表达试题一般都由"情景"和"要求"两部分构成．"情景"中包括所写材料的目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等，一般在书面表达题的前半部分；而"要求"一般在书面表达的后半部分，以"注意"形式给出，实际上是对考生提出的要求．因而考生对于题目所提供的说明，应认真分析、反复推敲，搞清提出的内容要求，抓住所要表达的信息点． （2）审文体：高考书面表达的体裁一般有三大类：记叙文、说明文和应用文，具体形式有便条，日记，通知，书信，人物、事情、情景故事的描写，看图说话，缩写，扩写，改写等．审题时要审清文体，注意格式上的不同，避免出错．
（3）审人称：审查书面表达题干中隐含的读者对象和撰写人，即搞清楚此篇文章是"由谁写给谁"的．写稿人是谁一般都已明确指出，给出形式假设环境中的"某人"，如"假设你是李华"，写作时即用第一人称"我"，即李华．而读者对象有时没有明示，要考生自己去进行判断．
（4）审时态：根据情景判断短文需要的主体时态，即搞清楚要写的是什么时候的事，过去的就用过去时．比如日记，是叙述过去发生的事情，自然用过去时；通知多用将来时．
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日期：2019/4/18 12:28:21；用户：qgjyuser10139；邮箱：qgjyuser10139.21957750；学号：21985145
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