历年高考宾语从句 29页

‎ 高考英语宾语从句 一、 关联词 关联词又称“连词”或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重要组成部分。‎ 连词：1.连接代词（that，who，whom，what，which） 2.连接副词（when，where，why，how）‎ ‎ 3.从属连词（if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if或whether引导.‎ 在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如： 1. I don’t know who will be our headteacher next semester. 缺指人的主语用who，如缺指物的主语则用what。 2. I doubt what my epal will write soon. 缺指物的宾语用what，如缺指人的宾语则用whom。 3. I think that my deskmate will get through all the major subjects. 句子不缺成分，用that; 如果that后跟有代词，可省略that。 4. She let me know when the meeting would be held. 缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why；缺方式状语，用how。 5. I don’t know which / what topic I should choose. 缺定语，用what或which。 6. The teacher asked whether / if I was getting ready for the coming test. 表示“是否（有，能，已经……）”等含义，用whether或if。 7. I’d be interested to know whether he will see the movie“Dawn” or not. 强调是否对比时，用连词whether。 例1　A computer can only do  _____ you have instructed it to do. A. how   B. after　　　　C. what       D. when 例2　Mary wrote an article on _____ the team had failed to win the game. A. why        B. what　　　　　C. who  　　D. that 例3　The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not enough. A. where      B. how　　　　　C. what       D. which 例4　The way he did it was different ________ we were used to. A. in which  B. in what      C. from what 　D. from which 例5　He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning _____ his teammates had done. A. what       B. which　　　　　C. why        D. while 二、 语序 　　以从属连词（if，whether）、连接代词（what，which，who，whose）和连接副词（when，where，how，why）等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。 例6　No one can be sure ______ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 例7　The boss went up to ask ‎ _____. A. what the matter was 　B. what’s the matter C. what was the matter 　D. what the matter is 三、 时态 　　宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应:‎ ‎1. 如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；‎ ‎2. 如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；‎ ‎ Eg. I thought he had gone to town today.‎ ‎3. 当从句叙述的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如：‎ ‎ Eg. Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun. 例8　The manager entered the office and was happy to learn four fifths of the tickets ________. A. was booked B. had been booked C. were booked D. have been booked 例9　We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _____ office soon. A. leaves B. would leave　　　　C. had left D. had been away 例10　—Do you work in the lab every afternoon? —No, but sometimes I wish I _________. A. have time B. had time to do C. have time to D. had time to 四、 宾语从句的减缩式 　　宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。 例11　I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ________ in my new job. A. expected      　B. to expect　　　　C. to be expecting 　D. expects 例12　It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________. A. it what to do with     B. what to do it with C. what to do with it     D. to do what with it 例13　The mother didn’t know_____ to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while she was out. A. who  B. when      C. how        D. what 五、 宾语从句的特殊式 1. 复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如： Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her interest. （whoever= anyone who / any person who） These wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them.（whatever= anything that） It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. whatever在此处是泛指，不可被what替代。而“I can’t remember at the moment who has said the words.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。 2. it作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。 （1） 动词 + it + important / necessary / natural / etc. + thatclause。thatclause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如： I think it important that you （should） attend the conference. （2） 动词+ it + as + 名词 / 形容词 + clause。如： The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his ‎ lecture. （3） 动词+ it + 介词 + thatclause。常见的有：owe it to sb. + thatclause（把……归功于某人）， leave it to sb. + thatclause（把……留给某人去做）， take it for granted  + thatclause （想当然）， keep it in mind  + thatclause （记住……）。如： I just took it for granted that he’d always be around. （4） 动词 + it + clause。如：I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：I go to see a film except when it rains. 3. 含宾语从句的反意疑问句。 当陈述部分带有that引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。如： Brian told you that there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time, didn’t he? 当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think  /  believe  /  suppose / guess / imagine / expect / suspect / feel等时，疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。如： I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, will they? 4. 两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时，第一个连词that可以省略，但第二个及以后的不可省。如：He told me （that） they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 5. 主语 + be +形容词 + clause。如：I’m afraid that I can’t promise you anything. 例14　The poor young man is ready to accept ________ help he can get. A. whichever   B. however C. whatever      D. whenever 例15　_____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who   B. The one          C. Anyone  D. Whoever 例16　I’d appreciate _______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that   B. it           C. this   D. you 例17　—I don’t think you could have been used to the quick pace of life while studying in the USA______ you? ‎ ‎—______. I thought of returning to our country at one time. A. had; Yes     　B. do; Yes　　　　　C. have; No     　D. were; No 例18　With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _______ he was a man of action. A. which       B. that　　　　C. what       D. whether 宾语从句练习题 类型一：引导词的运用 ‎（1） I don’t know ___________or not．‎ A． whether he is at home　B． if he is at home C． that he is at home　 D． whether is he at home ‎（2） This depends on _________ the weather is fine．‎ ‎　　A． which　　　 B． whether　　　C． if　　　　　 D． that ‎（3） The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in．‎ ‎　　A． which　　　 B． where　　　C． if　　　　　 D． that ‎（4） I don’t know ________ Mr． Green will come to see us． He’ll help us with our English．‎ ‎　　A． why　　　　　 B． when　　　 C． how　　　　 D． where ‎（5） －－Be careful！ Don’t break the bottles． Do you hear ______ I said? David?‎ ‎　 －－ Yes， Mum ‎　　A． what　 B． that　 C． why　 D． if ‎（6） －－－ Do you know _______ Mr Black’s address is?‎ ‎ －－－ He may live at NO．18 or No． 19 of Bridge Street． I’m not sure of ______．‎ ‎　　A． where， which　　　 B． where， what　　C． what， which　　D． what， where ‎（7） There is not much difference between the two． I really don’t know _____．‎ ‎　　A． what should I choose　　　　　　　B． which I should choose ‎　　C． which should I choose　　　　　　 D． what I should choose 类型二：宾语从句的语序 ‎（1）　Did you find out ______?‎ ‎　　A． she was looking for whose child　　　B． whose child was she looking for ‎　　C． whose child she is looking for　　　　D． whose child she was looking for ‎（2）　Are you interested in _____?‎ ‎　　A． how did he do it　　 B． he did it how　C． how he did it　D． he how did it ‎（3）　I don’t know _____． Can you tell me?‎ ‎　　A． how the two players are old　　　　　 B． how old are the two players ‎　　C． the two players are how old　　　　　 D． how old the two players are ‎（4）　－－－ What did the scientist say?‎ ‎　　－－－ He said he wondered if _____ into space by spaceship one day．‎ ‎　　A． he had to fly　　B． he could fly　　C． can he fly　　D． could he fly ‎（5）　Excuse me， sir． Could you tell me ____?‎ ‎　　A． Where the bank nearest　　　　　　　B． where is the nearest bank ‎　　C． where the nearest bank is　　　　　 D． the nearest bank is where ‎（6）She asked Tom ________ with his car?‎ ‎　　A． what the matter was　　　　　　　　 B． what the matter is ‎　　C． what was the matter　　　　　　　　 D． what is the matter 类型三：时态 ‎（1） It’s 7：30． I can’t believe you___ cooking dinner yet， Sally．‎ ‎　　A． haven’t started　 B． didn’t　 C． don’t start　 D． hadn’t started ‎（2）　The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ____ Christmas Day．‎ ‎ A． is　　　B． was　　　 C． has been　　　　　　　D． will be ‎（3）　 The teacher said that the earth _______round the sun．‎ ‎　　A． goes　　B． go　 C． went　 D． will go ‎（4）　 We ’d like to tell you that you ______the exam．‎ ‎　　A． have passed　　 B． had passed　　　 C． pass　　　　　D． will pass ‎（5）　　 “Could you tell me______?” “ Yes． They ____ to the library．”‎ ‎　　A． where are the twins， have been　　B． where were the twins， have been ‎　　C． where the twins are， have gone　　D， where the twins were， have gone ‎（6）　　 Our father said that he ______ a new computer next week．‎ ‎　　A． will buy　 B． have bought　　C． would buy　 D． buys ‎（7）　I hear that he ______ to Beijing yesterday．‎ ‎　　A． goes　　B． will go　　C． went　　D． have gone 类型四：其他－－－反意疑问句，it做形式宾语 ‎（1）．I don’t think he is right，__________?‎ ‎　　A．isn’t he　　　　 B．is he　　　　 C．do I　　　　D．don’t I ‎（2）． He believes she is right， __________?‎ ‎　　A．doesn’t he　　　　 B．does he　　　　 C．is she　　　　D．isn’t she ‎（3）．I thought that he disliked playing football，__________?‎ ‎　　A．didn’t he　　　　 B．did he　　　　 C．did I　　　　D．didn’t I ‎（4）． I find _____ important that we practice English every day．‎ ‎　　A． it　　　　　　 B． this　　　　　 C． that　　　　　D． what ‎（5）． You can’t imagine ____when they received the nice gift．‎ ‎　　A． how they were excited　　　　　　　　 B． how excited they were ‎　　C． how excited were they　　　　　　　　　D． they were how excited ‎　高考题 ‎　　1．—What did you parents think about your decision?‎ ‎　　—They always let me do ________ I think I should．　（06 全国Ⅱ）‎ ‎　　A． when　　　　B． that　　　　　 C． how　　　　　 D． what ‎　　2．　Please remind me _________ he said he was going． I may be in time to see him off．‎ ‎　　A． where　　　　B． when　　　　　C． how　　　　　D． what　　（06 全国Ⅰ）‎ ‎　　3．　Mary wrote an article on　　　　 the team had failed to win the game． （05全国卷）‎ ‎　　A．why B．what C．who D．that ‎　　4．Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see________．（2000 上海）‎ ‎　　A ．who is he　　　B． who he is　　C． who is it　　D． who it is ‎　　5．　——We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time．‎ ‎　　——What do you consider _______to her?（NMET 1990）‎ ‎　　A． was happening　　　B． to happen　　C ．has happened　　 D． happening ‎　　‎ 答案 类型一：ABABACB类型二DCDBCC类型三AAAACCC类型四BAAAB高考题DBADC 例题解析：‎ 例1解析： 待选项在从句中充当to do的宾语，故选C。‎ 例2解析： 由于从句中句意清楚，结构完整，故可排除B、C项；D项用于宾语从句时只起引导词的作用，无词义，同时不充当任何成分，而题干上下文表示因果关系，故选A。‎ 例3解析： 根据句子结构，for后面的从句缺少主语，故答案为C。‎ 例4解析： 答案为C。本题为词组be different from后跟what引导的宾语从句，不要误看作定语从句而选D。‎ 例5解析： 由句式结构可知mention后为宾语从句；do作实意动词时为及物动词，故空格处需要既能作do的宾语，又能引导宾语从句的连词，答案为A。 例6解析： B项是特殊疑问句语序，有悖于宾语从句的陈述语序；C、D项句法、句意均不妥；A项是陈述句语序，故正确。‎ 例7解析： A项易被判断成陈述句语序，颇具迷惑性。实际上，从句中的what作主语，was为系动词，the matter是表语。B、D项时态错误，C项正确。 例8解析：本题主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句中的事件先于主句的事件发生，且是被动，故选B。‎ 例9解析： 根据关键词soon可知动作尚未发生，又因主句谓语动词made为过去时，故选B。‎ 例10解析： 答案为D。wish后接宾语从句，其谓语动词要用虚拟形式。 例11解析： 宾语从句减缩式“疑问词+不定式”是解题关键。选项C是不定式的进行时，强调动作“正在进行”，不符合题意，故选B。‎ 例12解析： “疑问词+不定式”作及物动词know的宾语，选项中it代替了the land，故正确答案为C。‎ 例13解析： B、C、D项的疑问词用错，故选A。 例14解析： 本题考查的引导词引导宾语从句，同时作get的宾语。B、D两项在句中是作状语的；由于没有给出明确的指代物，故A项也不合适；答案为C。‎ 例15解析： whoever= anyone （anybody / any person / he） who，答案为D。‎ 例16解析： 答案为B。某些动词和动词短语（如appreciate，like，hate，see to等）后面不能直接带从句，往往需先插入it再带that，if或when引导的从句。‎ 例17解析： 本句带有推测的意味，疑问部分的谓语不能用情态动词。could have been 表示对过去的推测，故疑问部分的谓语应用were与之对应，应选D。‎ 例18解析： 因从句he was a man of action为主系表结构，且表达肯定意义，不缺少句子成分，故选B项。‎ 高中宾语从句练习题及答案详解 ‎1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. ‎ A. Which B. where C. what D. in which ‎ ‎2.Do you know the man _______? ‎ A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke ‎ ‎3.This is the hotel _______last month. ‎ A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed ‎ C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed ‎ ‎4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? ‎ A. which B. that C. when D. on which ‎ ‎5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. ‎ A. which B. on which C. in which D. when ‎ ‎6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. ‎ A. where B. to which C. which D. in which ‎ ‎7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. ‎ A. where B. that C. which D. there ‎ ‎8.This is one of the best films _______. ‎ A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown ‎ C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked ‎ ‎9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? ‎ A. about which you talked B. which you talked ‎ C. about that you talked D. that you talked ‎ ‎10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. ‎ A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which ‎ ‎11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. ‎ A. whom B. who C. which D. that ‎ ‎12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. ‎ A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom ‎ ‎13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? ‎ A. who B. who's C. which D. whose ‎ ‎14.I'm interested in ______you have said. ‎ A. all that B. all what C. that D. which ‎ ‎15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. ‎ A. which B. who C. what D. as ‎ ‎16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. ‎ A. who B. whom C. that D. as ‎ ‎17.He is good at English, ______we all know. ‎ A. that B. as C. whom D. what ‎ ‎18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. ‎ A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him ‎ ‎19.I don't like ______ as you read. ‎ A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels ‎ ‎20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. ‎ A. which B. that C. whom D. what ‎ ‎21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. ‎ A. which B. that C. whom D. who ‎ ‎22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. ‎ A. them B. which C. whom D. who ‎ ‎23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it. ‎ A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who ‎ ‎24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. ‎ A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that ‎ ‎25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world. ‎ A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what ‎ ‎26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV. ‎ A. that B. which C. as D. it ‎ ‎27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together. ‎ A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when ‎ ‎28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong. ‎ A. which B. whose C. what D./ ‎ ‎29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting. ‎ A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which ‎ ‎30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly. ‎ A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after ‎ C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after ‎ ‎31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill. ‎ A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what ‎ ‎32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam. ‎ A.that B.which C.for which D.who ‎ ‎33.That is not the way ______I do it. ‎ A./ B.which C.for which D.with which ‎ ‎34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use. ‎ A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which ‎ ‎35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago. ‎ A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which ‎ ‎36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them. ‎ A. who B. which C. that D. it ‎ ‎37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph. ‎ A. that B. which C. from that D. from which ‎ ‎38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done. ‎ A. that B. which C. who D. as ‎ ‎39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes. ‎ A. / B. why C. when D. whose ‎ ‎40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. ‎ A. that B. which C. it D. though ‎ ‎41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened? ‎ ‎--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew. ‎ A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that ‎ ‎42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with ‎ the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life. ‎ A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which ‎ ‎43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing. ‎ A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are ‎ ‎44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns. ‎ A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed ‎ ‎45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? ‎ A. that B. / C. which D. it ‎ ‎46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house. ‎ A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that ‎ ‎47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week? ‎ A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where ‎ ‎48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected. ‎ A. as B. that C. what D. who ‎ ‎49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well. ‎ A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which ‎ ‎50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up. ‎ A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been ‎ ‎1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。 ‎ ‎2．C. "和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。 ‎ ‎3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 ‎ ‎4. C. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 ‎ ‎5．A. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。 ‎ ‎6．C. 解析同第5题。 ‎ ‎7. A. 解析见第3题。 ‎ ‎8. A. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。 ‎ ‎9. A. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。 ‎ ‎10. A. with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen. ‎ ‎11. C. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在从句中作状语. ‎ ‎12. D. with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer. ‎ ‎13. D. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语. ‎ ‎14. A. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导. ‎ ‎15. D. the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语. ‎ ‎16. D. such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语. ‎ ‎17. B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语. ‎ ‎18. B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming. ‎ ‎19. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。 as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词. ‎ ‎20. B. things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that. ‎ ‎21. D. who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语. ‎ ‎22. C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers. ‎ ‎23. D. 先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略. ‎ ‎24. A. whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which ‎ ‎25. A. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for "以……..而闻名". ‎ ‎26. C. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. As在本从句中作主语. ‎ ‎27. A. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句. ‎ ‎28. D. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in (或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。 ‎ ‎29. D. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代. ‎ ‎30. B. which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句. ‎ ‎31. A. The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。 ‎ ‎32. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义. ‎ ‎33. A. 解释见28题. ‎ ‎34. D. 主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句. ‎ ‎35. C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语. ‎ ‎36. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义. ‎ ‎37. D. ‎ ‎38. D. 解析见35题. ‎ ‎39. A. he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that. ‎ ‎40. B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句. ‎ ‎41. A. what happened是宾语从句. all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that. ‎ ‎42. D. years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句. ‎ ‎43. C. 本句话的定语从句是who own cars. 其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。 ‎ ‎44. D. that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。 ‎ ‎45. A. 先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。 ‎ ‎46. B. through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。 ‎ ‎47. B. 为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week. 不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。 ‎ ‎48. A. 解释见35题。 ‎ ‎49. C. 因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。 ‎ ‎50. B. 本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has ‎ been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎1-5 CADAC 6-10 ABCBA 11-15 DDCAB 16-20 DABAD 21-25 CABBA 26-30 BCCBD 31-35 BACDD 36-40 ADCDD 41-45 CCBAD 46-50 DBCBD 51-53 CDD 高中定语从句详细讲解 ‎（一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。    关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。      关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：‎ ‎ The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.  该句中，who is  shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 ‎ ‎（二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who  指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.    正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.   想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.      昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics.         那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom  指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。‎ ‎ Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.      刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see.      李明正是我想要见的男孩。The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come.      你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor.    老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。  注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。        The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. ‎ ‎3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.   足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here.   制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.   他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice.   湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday.   这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.   他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.   每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。‎ Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning?   我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind.   你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 The season that / which comes after spring is summer.   春天以后的季节是夏季。 Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.   昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。 5．Whose  通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor.   他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.   我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?  ‎ ‎（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous.  他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。 This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about. We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.我们将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。 The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。 注意：１． 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。‎ 如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for.    (正)     这是我正在找的手表。 This is the watch for which I am looking .    (误) The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.    (正)  那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。 The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.   （误） ２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。 The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.    (正)  你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是我的邻居。 The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.    (误) The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.    (正)我们去加拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。 The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.    (误) ３．“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如： He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.   他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。 In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.    篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。 There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.       我们班总共有４０个学生，大多数来自大城市。 Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.       迄今为止，他写了１０部小说，其中３部是关于农村生活的。‎ 词＋关系代词引导的定语从句特例 1)...... ， ...of +关系代词。2)which 代替this/that/the ‎ （四）关系副词引导的定语从句 ‎ 1．  when  指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。      I still remember the day when I first came to this school.       我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。      The time when we got together finally arrived.       我们团聚的时刻终于到了。      October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.       1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。      Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents.       你还记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗？ 2．  where  指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 Shanghai is the city where I was born.  上海是我出生的城市。 The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.  我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。 I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised .  我参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。 Is this the place where they fought the enemy?  这是他们当初打敌人的地方吗？ 3．  why  指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.  请告诉我你误机的原因。 The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.  他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。 I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.  我不知道他今天为什么看上去不愉快。      注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：      From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.       自从他在农村读小学时，他就已经知道长大后要做什么。      Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live.       他们生活的城市正发生巨大的变化。      The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.       他为什么拒绝接受邀请的原因是十分明了的。 ‎ ‎（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 ‎ 形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。‎ 意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。‎ 译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”‎ 关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略 B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom 非限制性定语从句 形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。 关系词的使用上：A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom 限制性定语从句举例： The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.  老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。 China is a country which has a long history.  中国是一个历史悠久的国家。 In the street I saw a man who was from Africa.  在街上我看到一个来自非洲的人。 非限制性定语从句举例 ： His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.  他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。 China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.  中国是1949年成立的， 现在正变得越来越强大。 Last summer I visited the People’s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every year.  去年夏天，我参观了人民大会堂，在那儿每年都要举行许多重要会议。 　‎ ‎（一）限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况 ‎ 1．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。如： Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said?  李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？ There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.  对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。 All that can be done has been done.  所有能做的都做好了。 There is little that I can do for you.  我不能为你干什么。 He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed.  他呆在图书馆查找所需的资料。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who，如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.  任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.  所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。 2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.  在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best film that I have ever seen.  这是我看过的最好的电影。 4．当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。如： This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.  这正是我要买的词典。 After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns.  家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如： Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting.  王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。 5．当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如： Who is the man that is standing by the gate?  站在门口的那个人是谁？ Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?  哪件T恤衫最合我的身？ 6．当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如： They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school  他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。 Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.　瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的 毛驴。　 ‎ ‎（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句 ‎ as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句时， 其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是： 1.   as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如： He married her, as / which was natural.  他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。 He is honest, as / which we can see.  他很诚实， 这一点我们看得出来。  2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如： As is known to all, China is a developing country.   众所周知，中国是发展中国家。 He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.  他是南方人，这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。 John, as you know, is a famous writer.  正如你所知， 约翰是个著名作家。 Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don’t believe.  张华已去过巴黎十多次了，这一点我不相信。 注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如： Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.  汤姆老是迟到，这使得老师很恼火。 These tables are made of metal, which made them very heavy.  这些桌子是金属的，这使得这些桌子很重。 1.  当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。 如： I’ve never heard such stories as he tells.  我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。 He is not such a fool as he looks.  他可不象他看上去的那样傻。 This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.  这部词典跟我上星期丢失的一样。 注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。如： She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.  她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。 She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.  她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。   ‎ ‎ (三) 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。如： The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising.  他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。  I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.        我不喜欢你冲她的样子。‎ ‎  ‎ ‎（四）关系代词与关系副词的选择  用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）。试比较： A.  I know a place where we can have a picnic.      我知道一个我们可以野炊的地方。      I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.   我知道一个以自然景 色优美而闻名的地方。 B.   I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.    我永远忘不了我们一起 度假的日子。       I will never forget the days that / which we spent together.       我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。 C.  This is the reason why he was dismissed.           这就是他被解雇的原因。      This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.     这就是他向我解释的他没有参加会议的原因。   ‎ ‎（五）but 有时也用作关系词引导定语从句。如：      There are very few but admire his talents.　很少有人不赞赏他的才干的。（but = who don’t）   ‎ ‎（六）定语从句与同位语从句的区别 ‎ 1．定语从句修饰限定先行词，它与先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，它与先行词是同位关系。        The plane that has just taken off is for Paris.  （定语从句）    刚刚起飞的那架飞机是开往巴黎的。        The fact that he has already died is quite clear. （同位语从句） 他已经去世了，这个事实很明了。 2．定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分，关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。同位语从句主要由连词that 引导，在从句中一般不担当成分；有时也由where, when, how, who, whether, what 等连词引导，这些连词则在从句中担当成分。        The news that he told me is true.  （定语从句）         他告诉我的消息是真的。        The news that he has just died is true.   （同位语从句） 他刚刚去世了，这个消息是真的。        The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. (定语从句)    我们现在面临的问题是如何筹集这么多资金。        The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.   （同位语从句）   我们如何筹集这么多资金，这个问题很难解决。        The question that he raised puzzled all of us.  （定语从句）     他提出的问题让我们很为难。        The question whether he is sure to win the game is hard to answer.   （同位语从句）  他是否一定会赢得那场比赛，这个问题很难回答。‎ ‎       3．同位语从句与先行词一般可以用动词be发展成一个完整的句子, 而定语从句则不能。如：        A. The idea that he we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.  （同位语从句）我们可以向老师请教，这个主意不错。              The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.        B. The fact that the earth moves around the sun is known to all.  （同位语从句）    地球围绕太阳转，这个事实人人皆知。             The fact is that the earth moves around the sun.          C. Pay attention to the problem how we can protect the wild animals. （同位语从句）  请注意如何保护野生动物这个问题。            The problem is how we can protect the wild animals.‎ ‎ ‎ Exercises: 1.There are three bedrooms in the house,_____ is Mary's. A the smallest  of which   B the smaller of which   C the smallest of them   D the smallest one  2.The Greens will move into the new house next Monday,_____ it will be completely finished. A by the time   B by which time  C by that time  D by this time 3.Alice has a large collection of phone,_____ was taken in london. A none of them   B no one of which   C all of which  D none of which 4.With the fast development of agriculture, the people ____ village I taught before  lived a happy life. A who   B whose   C in whose   D in which 5.There is a moutain ____ the top is always covered with snow. A whose  B of   which  C it's   D that 6.She may have missed her train, in ____ case she won't arrive for another hour. A what   B that   C which   D this 7.1)I have three children,and two of _____ are doctors. 2)I have three children, two of ____ are doctors. 8.There two thousand students in our school,____ are girls. A two-thirds in which   B two-thirds in them  C two-thirds of them  D of whom two thirds 9.I have bought two ballpens,_____ writes well. A neither of them  B none of them  C neither of which   D none of which ‎ ‎（1---6ABDCBC 7----9B DDC）‎ ‎　‎ 特殊结构定语从句点击 1. These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected. A. like B. as C. that D. which 2. I've never heard so interesting a story ________ you told me. A. as B. that C. of which D. about which 3. I've seen the same film ________ you saw yesterday. A. that B. which C. as D. like 4. I'll buy the same coat ________ you wear. A. that B. which C. as D. like 5. He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science. A. which I think is ‎ B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is 6. ________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 7. This is the first time ________ he has been here. A. that B. when C. at which D. which 8. I don't like ________ you speak to her. A. the way B. they way in that C. the way which D. the way of which ‎ 答案与简析： 1. B。当先行词被such修饰时，定语从句用as引导，即构成结构为"such+（a/an）＋形容词＋名词＋as"引导的定语从句，意为"......像......一样的"。整个句子意为：这些房屋以人们原来估计的那样低的价格出售。 2. A。由so interesting a story = such an interesting story和上面一题的解释便可得知答案。as在定语从句中作宾语。整句意为：我从未听说过像你告诉我那样有趣的故事。 3. A 4. C。当先行词被same修饰时，定语从句由that或as引导，但意思不同。用that引导定语从句指同一物，而用as引导定语从句指同类事物。 5. A。做此题的关键是要知道I think在定语从句中作插入语，做题时将其去掉便可容易得到答案。 6. B。Ａs在此引导非限制性定语从句，代表它所修饰的整个句子内容，并且它可放在所修饰句子的前、中或后面。其常见结构如：as you know, as is said above, as is often the case（情况经常是这样）等。如选Ａ，则需将逗号改为that；如选D，则需将逗号改为is that。 7. A。当先行词为the first time, the last time等时，定语从句的引导词用that而不用when。 8. A。当先行词为way时，定语从句的引导词用that或in which, 也可省略。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 定语从句 ‎1．This is the best factory ____we visited last year .‎ ‎ A. where B. which C. in which D. that ‎2.Is this the factory ____computers are built ?‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. in which D. in that ‎3.please pass me the dictionary ____cover is red .‎ A. whose  B.its   C. which D. which of ‎4.The man ____has arrived .‎ ‎  A. whom I told you B. that I told you ‎ C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about ‎5. Do you know the comrade ____we are talking ?‎ ‎ A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to that ‎6. They visited the house ___the great writer was born .‎ ‎ A. from where B. in which C. which D. in where ‎7. The comrade ___is speaking at the meeting is my teacher .‎ ‎ A. whom B. which C. who D. whose ‎8. He asked us to watch carefully everything ___he did in class .‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. what D. where ‎9. I’ll visit the professor tomorrow ,___he will be back from Shanghai .‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. when D. which ‎10.The school ___I study is a new one .‎ ‎ A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which ‎11. China has many islands,____the largest is Taiwan .‎ ‎ A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which ‎ ‎12. The city ____my mother grew up is not far from here .‎ ‎ A. what  B. where C. that D. which ‎13. Our teacher lives in the house ____door faces to the north .‎ ‎ A. which B. his C. that D. whose ‎14. Do you know the man ___your father nodded ?‎ ‎ A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whom ‎15.Wrestling is a sport in ___people easily get hurt .‎ ‎ A. that B. when C. which D. what ‎16. I told you ____I know .‎ ‎ A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom ‎17.China has a lot of famous writers ,one ___is Lu Xun .‎ ‎ A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them ‎18. Is this factory ____we visited last year ?‎ ‎ A. in which B. around that C. whom D. the one ‎19. Who is the man ____was there ?‎ ‎ A. who B. which C. that D. whom ‎20. Is there anything ____I can do for you, sir ?‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. whose D. who ‎21. I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress . ‎ ‎ A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which ‎22. The knife ____we used to cut the bread is very sharp .‎ ‎ A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which ‎23. The games ____the young men competed in were difficult .‎ A.  in which B. which C. it D. who ‎ ‎24.It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. A. that　 B. which　　 C. as　 D. it ‎25. George Mallory was an English school teacher _____ loved climbing.‎ ‎    A. who             B. whom              C. he          D. which             ‎ ‎ ‎ 历届高考英语单项选择题定语从句精选 ‎26.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.‎ A.of whom　　 B.whom　　　　 C.of whose　　　 D.whose　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎27.She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.‎ A.it　　　　　　　 B.which　　　　　　 C.this　　　　　　 D.that　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎28.In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. ‎ A.that　　　　　　 B.who　　　　　　　 C.from whom　　　 　D.to whom　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎29.The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.‎ A.what　　　　　　 B.which　　　　　　 C.that　　　　　　 D.it　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎30.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.‎ A.which　　　　　 B.where　　　　　　 C.that　　　　　　 D.when　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎31．Carol said the work would be done by October,______personally I doubt very much. A. it 　　　　　 B.that　　　　 　　 C.when　　　　　　 D.which　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎32．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy. A．who　　　　　 B．which　　　　　 C．this　　　　　　　 D．what 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎33.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable.‎ A.which price　　　　　　　　　　　　 C.the price of which C.its price　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.the price of whose ‎34._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.‎ A.As　　　　　　　 B.It　　　　　　　 C.That　　　　　　 D.Which ‎ ‎35.He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English.‎ A.this　　　　　　 B.which　　　　　　 C.that　　 　　　　D.same ‎36.On the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue.‎ A.whose　　　　　 B.of which　　　　 C.which　　　　　　 D.its ‎37.Whenever I met him , ____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.‎ A.what　　　　　　 B.which　　　　 　C.that　　　　　　 D.when ‎38.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower.‎ A.that　　　　　　 B.where　　　　　　 C.which　　　　　　 D.there ‎39.The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.‎ A.in which　　　　 B.in that　　　　　 C.in whose　　　　 D.whose ‎40.I don’t like _____ you speak to her.‎ A.the way　　　　 B.the way in that　 C.the way which　　 D.the way of which ‎41.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through .‎ A.It’s the reason　　　　　　　　　　 B.That’s why C.There’s why　　　　　　　　　　　　 D.It’s how ‎42.He made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science.‎ A.which I think is　　　　　　　　　 B.which I think it is C.which I think it　　　　　　　　　　 D.I think which is 定语从句答案:‎ ‎1-5DCADA 6-10 BCBCD 11-15 DBDBC 16-20 ABDCA 21- 25 DABBA KEYS: 26-30 DBDBB　 31-35 DBCAB　 36-40 ABBCA　 41-42 BA　‎ 虚拟语气 ˜一、考点聚焦 ‎ 1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 ‎ （1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如：‎ If I were a boy, I would join the army.‎ If the had time, she should go with you.‎ ‎（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。如：‎ If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.‎ ‎（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/‎ could might + 动词原形。如；‎ If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.‎ ‎（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如：‎ If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)‎ 以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：‎ 条件状语从句 主 句 与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 should /would/could/might + have + 过去分词 与现在事实相反 一般过去时(be用were)‎ would/should/could/might + 动词原形 与将来事实相反 一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形 Would/should/cold/might + 动词原形 有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主语”。如：‎ Were I a boy, I would join the army.‎ Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.‎ Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.‎ ‎2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句 ‎（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。‎ ‎①“wish +‎ ‎ 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。如：‎ I wish it were spring all the year round.‎ I wish I had known the answer.‎ I wish I could fly like a bird.‎ ‎②在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如：‎ She suggested we (should)leave here at once.‎ The doctor ordered she should be operated.‎ ‎（2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。‎ 作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原形”。如：‎ His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.‎ My idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.‎ ‎（3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。‎ 在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + 动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如：‎ It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.‎ It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.‎ It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.‎ 注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：‎ It is pity that you can’t swim.‎ ‎3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用 ‎（1）虚拟语气在as if/as though、even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：‎ He did it as if he were an expert.‎ Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.‎ ‎（2）虚拟语气用于定语从句中。‎ 这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that) … ”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should + 动词原形，意思是“(现在)该……”。如：‎ It’s time that I picked up my daughter.‎ It’s high time we were going.‎ ‎（3）虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。如：‎ If only I were a bird.‎ If only I had taken his advice.‎ ‎（4）虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。‎ ‎①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。如：‎ It would be better for you not to stay up too late.‎ Would you be kind enough to close the door?‎ ‎②用于一些习惯表达法中。如：‎ Would you like a cup of tea?‎ I would rather not tell you. ‎