2014全国各地高考英语分类汇编之语法填空word版含解析 19页

‎2018 全国 1‎ According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 62 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).‎ The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles( 肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 69 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.‎ ‎2018 全国 2‎ Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.‎ A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.‎ According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission( 排 放 ) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens ＂offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.＂ says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.‎ ‎2017 全国 2‎ In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.‎ Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.‎ Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels ( 隧 道 ） , which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69 ‎ ‎(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely ‎ popular with the public.‎ ‎2016 全国 2‎ ‎ If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify ( 识别)those of 41‎ ‎(great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 42‎ ‎(achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 43 (be) often acceptable.‎ Most of us are more focused 44 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 45 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.‎ Recent 46 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 47 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 48 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.‎ If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 49 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 50 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.‎ ‎2017 全国 1‎ There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.‎ Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ‎67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( 吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.‎ ‎2016 全国 1‎ Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61_(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62_ （allow ）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65_ I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.‎ On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68_ (it) mother.‎ The nursery team switches him every few 69 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle- fed,‎ ‎ 70 other is with mum-she never suspects.‎ ‎2015 全国 1‎ Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just be fore dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65 (painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68 (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it ( regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.‎ ‎2014 全国 1‎ Are you facing a situation that looking impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution is terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61(be)imaginable that it could be ever be cleaned up. The rive was so polluted that it 62(actual) caught fire and burned. Now year late,this rive is one of 63most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But river wasn’t changed in a few days 64even a few months. It took years of work 65(reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66(clean) than ever.‎ Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately. While there are 68(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70(patience)。‎ ‎2015 全国 2‎ The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 ( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ ‎2014 全国 2‎ One morning , I was waiting at the bus stop , worried about 61 (be ) late for school ..There were many people waiting at the bus stop , 62 some of them looked very anxious and 63 (disappoint) .When the bus finally came , we all hurried on board .I got a place next 64 the window , so I had a good view of the sidewalk .A boy on a bike 65 (catch)my attention .he was riding beside the bus and waving his arms . I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver , but he refused 66 (stop ) until we reached the next stop .Still , the boy kept ‎67 (ride) . He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting .Finally , when we came to the next stop , the boy ran up to the door of the bus . I heard an excited conversation .Then the driver stoop up and asked, “ 68 ‎ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ?” A woman on the bus shouted , “Oh dear “ It is 69 （I）”.She pushed her way to the driver and to the little boy .Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done .And the passengers _70_（sudden） became friendly to one another .‎ ‎2018 全国 3‎ I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a ‎400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).‎ My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.‎ When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch.‎ ‎2017 全国 3‎ She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning £6500 a day as 62 model in New York.‎ Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68engineering or architecture.‎ Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.＂‎ ‎2016 全国 3‎ In much of Asia, especially the so-called ＂rice bowl ＂ cultures of China, Japan,Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create) special designs.‎ The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thou sand years. People probably coo ked their food in large pots , 44 (us e) twigs( 树 枝 ) to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would coo k more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479B.C.,influenced the 48 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50 their hands.‎ ‎2018 浙江 Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.‎ While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.‎ If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home ‎ 65 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.‎ ‎2017 浙江 Last October ,while tending her garden in Mora ,Sweden ,Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ‎56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away .But something made her look closer ,and she noticed a ‎57 (shine) object .Yes ,there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.‎ Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house .“she thought I had hurt ‎59 (I),”says Pahlssn Sixteen years 60 (early),Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She supected that one of her three daughters-then ten. eight, and six- had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (seareh) the kitchen, checking every corner. but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," she says. She never replaced it.‎ Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted ( 生 长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.‎ ‎2018 全国 1‎ ‎61.longer 62.to see 63.dying 64.is 65.than 66.that which 67.causes ‎68.strengthen 69.energetic 70.it running ‎2017 全国 1‎ ‎61. as 考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as 表示“作为，以……身 份”，故填 as。‎ ‎62. effects 考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的 some 可 知“side effect”(副作用)有很多，故填 effects。‎ ‎63. to process 考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require 表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要 求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填 to process。‎ ‎64. are removed 考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知 fat，salt 和 move 之间是 被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填 are removed。‎ ‎65. a 考查冠词。固定短语 as a result 表示“结果”。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。 故填 a。‎ ‎2016 全国 1‎ ‎【解析】 试题分析：‎ ‎65. when 考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，缺少状语，先行词是时间故填 when。‎ ‎66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰名词和 permit 之间是被动关系，用过去分词。‎ ‎67. introducing 考查现在分词。 介词后面用动名词。‎ ‎68. its 考查代词。 指代前面的 twin，用 its。‎ ‎69. days 考查名词复数。few 修饰复数名词。‎ ‎70. the 考查冠词。one …the other“一个……另一个”。‎ ‎2015 全国 1‎ ‎【解析】 试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。‎ ‎61. arrived 句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。‎ ‎62. before/earlier 句意：几个小时前，我在香港家里。注意不可以用 ago。‎ ‎63. its 句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用 it’s。‎ ‎64. that/which 句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。考查定语从句。先行词为 Li River，在从句中作主语 .‎ ‎65. paintings 句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。painting 为可数名词，注意用复数形式。‎ ‎66. by 句意：乘汽车只需要 1 个小时。by car 乘汽车。‎ ‎67. is 句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。‎ ‎68. conducted 句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。‎ ‎69. regularly 句意：定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。修饰动词，用副词修饰。‎ ‎70. living 句意：住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。‎ ‎2014 全国 1‎ ‎2018 全国 2‎ ‎61. has grown ‎66. pollution ‎62. the ‎67. global ‎63. actually ‎68. started ‎64. to improve ‎69. that/which ‎65. than ‎70. feeding ‎2017 全国 2‎ ‎61.考查名词， 此处表示复数概念，crowd 前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填 crowds.‎ ‎69.考查词性转换，空格前是 the,后面应该是名词，故填名词 introduction.‎ ‎70.考查形容词，空格前是 most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填 successful.‎ ‎2016 全国 2‎ ‎44.on 考查固定搭配。形容词短语 be focused on 集中于....；很多人早晨对任务的注意力要比晚些时候的 注意力更集中。‎ ‎45.as 考查固定搭配。短语 as...as....和...一样；正是因为人们早晨的注意力更为集中，所以我们要早起，要 和午饭之前一样的高效率。‎ ‎46.studies 考查名词单复数。本句的谓语动词是 show，说明主语是复数名词 studies。‎ ‎47.regualrly 考查副词。在英语这个副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或 表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词 regularly 做状语修饰动词 take short breaks。‎ ‎2015 全国 2‎ ‎【解析】 试题分析：土坯房比现在的房子好在冬暖夏凉。现代的建筑师都很羡慕这样的房子不用空调就能很好地调 节室内的温度，不过关键是这房子的墙的厚度。‎ ‎61.built 动词 build 和定语 The adobe dwellings 是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用其过去分词 built 和后面的 by 一起做定语。‎ ‎62.the 形容词最高级 most modern 前加 the。‎ ‎63.ability 代词 their 后接名词，所以用 able 的名词形式 ability.‎ ‎64.using 介词 without 后接动名词 use 去掉字母 e 再加-ing。‎ ‎65.slowly 用 slow 的副词形式 slowly 修饰动词 give out.‎ ‎66.to cool 形容词加 enough 后接不定式。‎ ‎67.at at the same time 是固定词组。‎ ‎68.goes 根据上下文，此处用一般现在时态。这种循环日复一日。‎ ‎69.natural 形容词做定语修饰名词 architects。‎ ‎70.how 根据句意，应用 how 修饰形容词 thick，连接宾语从句。‎ ‎2014 全国 2‎ ‎2018 全国 3‎ ‎61. which 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged ‎66. scientist 67. for 68. them 69. meant 70. to stay ‎2017 全国 3‎ ‎61. resting 考查非谓语动词。 固定短语：spend time doing sth 花费时间做某事。‎ ‎62. a 考查冠词。model 是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 ＂一个＂，故填 a。‎ ‎63. was told / has been told 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可判断出谓语动词应该用一般过去时或现在 完成时的被动形式，又因主语 Sarah 是第三人称单数，故填 was told / has been told。‎ ‎64. who 考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为 Sarah，指人，要用 who。‎ ‎65. to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。‎ ‎66. education 考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。‎ ‎67. invitations 考查名词单复数。several 修饰可数名词复数形式，故填 invitations。‎ ‎68. in 考查介词。in 表示＂在某方面＂，获得某项学位 ＂get a degree in…＂。‎ ‎69. comes 考查动词。根据语境可知 Sarah 认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。‎ ‎70. certainly 考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填 certainly。‎ ‎2016 全国 3‎ ‎2018 浙江 ‎56.dishes ‎61.have become ‎57.who/that ‎62.affordable ‎58.it ‎63.higher ‎59.visiting ‎64.weight ‎60.was shocked ‎65.for ‎2017 浙江 ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Lena Pahlsson 在花园里采摘胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚 戒指的那种失而复得心情。‎ ‎56.考查名词。根据“one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.”，及“a handful of ”，故填 carrots。‎ ‎57.考查形容词。“she noticed a 57 (shine) object”a 为冠词，object 为名词，横线处应填写形容词。 故填 shiny 或 shining。‎ ‎58.考查固定句式。根据“Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house”，‎ so…that,如此…以至于，故填 so。‎ ‎59.考查代词。I had hurt 59 (I)，主语为 I,横线处为宾语，替代主语时，应用代词。故填 myself。‎ ‎60.考查形容词。says Pahlsson Sixteen years 60 (early)，此句为倒装句，用形容词修饰 Sixteen years。 故填 earlier。‎ ‎61.考查动词不定式。Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal，一个句子不能出现双 重谓语，所以用不定式表目的状语。故填 to cook。‎