高考英语语法填空答题技巧 17页

高考英语语法填空答题技巧 ‎ 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以先进行填写。在读懂短文的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析，逐题解答。下面按题型设计分三种情况：‎ ‎ 一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 ‎ ‎ 纯空格填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。‎ ‎ 首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。共有以下7个技巧：‎ 技巧1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。‎ ‎ 例1：I can’t send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and __1__ gets there almost in a second.‎ ‎ 技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等），很可能是填限定词。‎ ‎ 例2：It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help___2___ rice crop grow up quickly.‎ ‎ 技巧3：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。‎ ‎ 例3：…who should have the honour of receiving me ___3___ a guest in their house.‎ ‎ 技巧4: 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。‎ ‎ 例4：…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 4 Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars.‎ ‎ 技巧5：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。‎ ‎ 例5：The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini ___5 _died in 1926.‎ ‎ 例6：He was very tired after doing thus foe a whole day, ___6___he felt very happy.‎ ‎ 技巧6: 由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。‎ ‎ (1) 由it is … that… 强调结构的形式，判断it 还是that。判断方法：去掉it is … that…结构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。‎ ‎ (2) 由it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填it.‎ ‎ 例7：…and ___7__ was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精).‎ ‎ 例8：… as ___8__ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two words-famous artists..‎ ‎ 例9：Dating sites also makes___9__ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.‎ ‎ (3) 在倒装句式中通常填only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not…until等词。‎ ‎ 例10：__10___ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.‎ ‎ (4) so / such …that…句型 ‎ 例11：This made the goat so jealous ___11___ it began plotting against the donkey.‎ ‎ (5) more …than…(与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型。‎ ‎ 例12：Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ___12____ how much he pays.‎ ‎ 二、给出了动词的试题解题技巧 ‎ 首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按照以下两点进行思考。‎ 技巧7：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。‎ ‎ 例13：When I die, I 13 (give) everything to you.‎ ‎ 例14：That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 14__(close) my book and walked away.‎ ‎ 例15：In Loganm three people _15_(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.‎ ‎ 例16：Being too anxious to help an event develop often 16 (result) the contrary to our intention.（2008年广东高考语法填空）‎ ‎ 例17：Now, Valentine’s Day is 17 (celebrate) in many countries around the world.‎ ‎ 技巧8: 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要有：‎ ‎ (1) 作主语或宾语，通常用v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。‎ ‎ 例18：…but it is not enough only _18_(memorize) rules from a grammar book.‎ ‎ 例19： 19 _(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…‎ ‎ (2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。‎ ‎ 例20：_20_(complete) the project as planed, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.‎ ‎ (3) 作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词（v-ing）;若是被动关系，用过去分词（-ed）。‎ ‎ 例21：He saw the stone, __21_(say) to himself: “the night will be very dark.”‎ ‎ 例22：The headmaster went into the lab, _22_(follow) by the foreign guests.‎ ‎ 技巧9: 动词的词类转换主要做主语、宾语和定语。‎ ‎ 例23：There are 23 (comfort) feelings often as any kind of physical pain.‎ ‎ 例24：They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building 24 (equip) to dig holes ‎ 例25：These people have made great _ 25 (contribute) to China with their work.‎ ‎ 三、词类转换题的解题技巧 ‎ 这类题主要是考查名词、形容词和副词，根据该词在句中所作句子成分确定用那种形式，具体技巧有以下三种。‎ ‎ 技巧10: 作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词）或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词形式。‎ ‎ 例26：The youngster immediately fell _26_(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.‎ ‎ 例27：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _27_(interest) in the subject.‎ ‎ 技巧11: 修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。‎ ‎ 例28：As I looked _28 (close) at this girl, I found that…‎ ‎ 例29： 29 (fortune),the guest escaped unharmed.‎ ‎ 技巧12: 有的词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-, in-等，在词根后加-less等。‎ ‎ 例30： People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _30_(use).‎ 例31：Your mistake caused a lot of _31_(necessary) work in the office.‎ ‎ 技巧13: 括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。‎ ‎ 例32：The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could… he jumped even _32_(hard) and ‎ nearly made himself out.‎ ‎ 例33：The _33_(bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.‎ ‎ 例34：…, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 34 (high)‎ ‎ 以上仅对语法填空中的主要情况进行了概括，在做语法填空题时，还应注意英语中的固定句型、固定搭配等。‎ Passage 1　(2015•新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　Yangshuo，China ‎　　It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.‎ ‎　　I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.‎ ‎　　Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.‎ ‎　　【语篇导读】‎ ‎　　桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。‎ ‎　　1.解析：考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。‎ ‎　　答案　arrived ‎　　2.解析：考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。‎ ‎　　答案　before/earlier ‎　　3.解析：考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎　　答案　its ‎　　4.解析：考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/ which。‎ ‎　　答案　that/ which ‎　　5.解析：考查名词的复数。“so many+复数名词”为一常用短语。‎ ‎　　答案　paintings ‎　　6.解析：考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。“by+交通工具名词”为一固定短语。‎ ‎　　答案　by ‎　　7.解析：考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。‎ ‎　　答案　is ‎　　8.解析：考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study与conduct之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by...意为“由……所做的”。‎ ‎　　答案　conducted ‎　　9.解析：考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。‎ ‎　　答案　regularly ‎　　10.解析：考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。‎ ‎　　答案　living ‎　　Passage 2　(2015•新课标全国Ⅱ)‎ ‎　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition”‎ a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house during the hot day：__7__ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle __8__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As__9__(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ ‎　　【语篇导读】‎ ‎　　相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。‎ ‎　　1.解析：考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。‎ ‎　　答案　built ‎　　2.解析：考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。‎ ‎　　答案　the ‎　　3.解析：考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式。‎ ‎　　答案　ability ‎　　4.解析：考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。‎ ‎　　答案　using ‎　　5.解析：考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。‎ ‎　　答案　slowly ‎　　6.解析：考查固定句式的用法。“形容词+enough+动词不定式”为一常用句式。‎ ‎　　答案　to cool ‎　　7.解析：考查固定短语的用法。at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用介词短语。‎ ‎　　答案　at ‎　　8.解析：考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。‎ ‎　　答案　goes ‎　　9.解析：考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。‎ ‎　　答案　natural ‎　　10.解析：考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为how。‎ ‎　　答案　how ‎　　Passage 3　(2015•福建)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。‎ ‎　　Sometimes we have disagreements with people.When this (1)h_____， the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.Here (2)_____ my tips for you.‎ ‎　　The (3)f_____ thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.‎ ‎　　Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4)_____ another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework.If you say, “Look, you never do your share of the housework.(5) _____ are you going to do about it?”， the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.It's much more (6)_____ (有帮助)to say something like, “I think we had (7)b_____ have another look about how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it.”‎ ‎　　My second piece of (8)a_____ is simple.If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.Just make an (9)_____ (道歉), and move on.The other person will have more respect for you (10)_____ the future if you do that.‎ ‎　　答案：‎ ‎　　1.happens　2.are　3.first　4.with　5.What　6.helpful/beneficial　7.better　8.advice　9.apology　10.in ‎　　Passage 4　(2015•湖南)‎ ‎　　Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.‎ ‎　　Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, __1__ you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to __2__ library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet __3__ print the copies needed.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you __4__ always rely just on the Internet for your research.‎ ‎　　While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become __5__ complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed __6__ the amount of information. You need to learn __7__ to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, __8__need to check the accuracy of it.‎ ‎　　【语篇导读】‎ ‎　　随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得既简单又复杂。一方面，我们不必像以往一样在书中搜索资料，这为我们提供了极大的方便;另一方面，网络中众多的资料良莠不齐，选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复杂。‎ ‎　　1.解析：考查状语从句。根据句意，如果你有了电脑，你可以通过上网获得所需的信息。‎ ‎　　答案　if ‎　　2.解析：考查冠词。go to the library去图书馆;in the library 在图书馆。‎ ‎　　答案　the ‎　　3.解析：考查连词。and 连接并列谓语find和print。‎ ‎　　答案　and ‎　　4.解析：考查情态动词。根据上文你应该(should)查阅不同的资料。‎ ‎　　答案　shouldn't ‎　　5.解析：考查形容词比较级。参见上文第一句more complex。‎ ‎　　答案　more ‎　　6.解析：考查介词。be overwhelmed with 面临，陷入。‎ ‎　　答案　with ‎　　7.解析：考查疑问词。根据句意，你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关信息。how to do 是含有疑问词的不定式，在此处作宾语。‎ ‎　　答案　how ‎　　8.解析：考查代词。参见上文You need to learn how to sort throug...‎ ‎　　答案　you ‎　　Passage 5　(2014•新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ ‎　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎　　Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?‎ ‎　　In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It __1__ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it __2__(actual) caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.‎ ‎　　But the river wasn't changed in a few days __4__ even a few months.It took years of work __5__ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __6__(clean) than ever.‎ ‎　　Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit __7__ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?‎ ‎　　While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the __9__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be __10__(patience).‎ ‎　　答案解析：‎ ‎　　1.解析：文章讲的是1969年的事情，故用过去时。‎ ‎　　答案　was ‎　　2.解析：修饰动词caught，用副词actually“实际上”。‎ ‎　　答案　actually ‎　　3.解析：most outstanding是最高级，前面需要加the。‎ ‎　　答案　the ‎　　4.解析：河流不是几天或者几个月里就改变了的，这里两个时间是选择关系，故用or。‎ ‎　　答案　or ‎　　5.解析：这里考查固定句型：It takes some time to do sth“做某事花费多长时间”。故应填不定式to reduce。‎ ‎　　答案　to reduce ‎　　6.解析：根据下文than知用形容词的比较级。‎ ‎　　答案　cleaner ‎　　7.解析：habit是先行词，故用that/which引导定语从句。‎ ‎　　答案　that/which ‎　　8.解析：是“令人吃惊的”，用形容词修饰名词stories，而amazed指“人感到吃惊的”，用来修饰人。‎ ‎　　答案　amazing ‎　　9.解析：根据句子的谓语“are”可知主语应为复数。‎ ‎　　答案　changes ‎　　10.解析：根据空格前系动词“be”可知这里应为形容词。‎ ‎　　答案　patient Passage 6　(2014•广东)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ ‎　　Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said __1__ was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went，we had planned for months.When the day came，we were ready.‎ ‎　　After our plane landed，we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months __2__(early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We __3__(tell)that ‎ our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week，__4__ for the week after.I didn't understand __5__ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged __6__ the reservation.What's worse，the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to do，the manager came out.She was __7__(surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on __8__ top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room，and we weren't charged extra.‎ The next day，my brother and I went to the beach __9__ we watched some people play volleyball.We got a little __10__(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.‎ ‎【语篇导读】‎ ‎　　本文是一篇记叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的，且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。‎ ‎　　1.解析：在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词;指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。‎ ‎　　答案　it ‎　　2.解析：在句中作状语，依然用副词;不变词性，因为是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。‎ ‎　　答案　earlier ‎　　3.解析：由句意可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎　　答案　were told ‎　　4.解析：根据上下句意，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”，为not...but...结构。‎ ‎　　答案　but ‎　　5.解析：意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。‎ ‎　　答案　why ‎　　6.解析：charge...for...是习惯搭配。‎ ‎　　答案　for ‎　　7.解析：因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。‎ ‎　　答案　surprisingly ‎　　8.解析：特指“在顶楼”。‎ ‎　　答案　the ‎　　9.解析：先行词是地点the beach，且在定语从句中作状语，故填where (=on which =and on the beach =and there)。‎ ‎　　答案　where ‎　　10.解析：在表示“变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词;sunburn是名词，其形容词形式是burnt或burned。‎ ‎　　答案　sunburnt/sunburned ‎　　Passage 7　(2014•福建)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。‎ ‎　　Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not，want not.”None of us，(1)h_____，can completely avoid waste in our lives.‎ ‎　　Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents，our own time，our limited natural (2) _____ (资源)，our money，or other people's time，each of us can become more aware and careful.The smallest good habits can make a big (3)d .It's a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b_____ in a world that is in serious trouble.By focusing on (5) _____ (节省)oil，water，paper，food，and clothing，we are playing a part (6)_____ cutting down on waste.‎ ‎　　We must keep reminding (7)_____ (自己)that it is easier to get into something (8)_____ it is to get out of it.Actually，severe damage (9)d_____ to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.It's time for us to (10)_____ no to waste so that our grandchildren's children will be able to develop well.We can't solve all the problems of waste，but we can encourage mindfulness.‎ ‎　　Waste not!‎ ‎　　答案解析：‎ ‎　　1.解析：句意：然而，在我们的生活中，没有人能完全避免浪费。位于句中，前后都有逗号，用副词，所以填however。‎ ‎　　答案　however ‎　　2.解析：作waste的宾语，故用名词形式，且用名词复数。‎ ‎　　答案　resources ‎　　3.解析：句意：最小的好习惯也会起作用。make a difference是固定用法，意思是有影响，起作用。‎ ‎　　答案　difference ‎　　4.解析：do one's best是固定用法，意思是尽某人最大的努力。‎ ‎　　答案　best ‎　　5.解析：介词on之后用动词的-ing形式。‎ ‎　　答案　saving ‎　　6.解析：play a part in是固定用法，意思是“在……中起作用”。‎ ‎　　答案　in ‎　　7.解析：句意：我们必须不断地提醒我们自己，所以填反身代词ourselves。‎ ‎　　答案　ourselves ‎　　8.解析：这里进行比较，所以用比较句式，故填than。‎ ‎　　答案　than ‎　　9.解析：“严重危害”和“作用于”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。‎ ‎　　答案　done ‎　　10.解析：句意：是时候对“浪费”说不了。It is time for sb to do sth是固定用法，意思是“是时候做某事了。”‎ ‎　　答案　say ‎　　Passage 8　(2014•湖南)‎ ‎　　Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.‎ ‎　　We can choose our friends，but usually we cannot choose our neighbors.However，to get a happy home life，we have to get along with __1__ as well as possible.‎ ‎　　An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for __2__.People should not do things __3__ will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.For example，television sets need not be played at full volume (音量) __4__ loud pop music should not be played very late at night.By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors，you can enjoy __5__ friendly relationship with them.‎ ‎　　An equally important quality is tolerance.Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people，__6__ there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable.__7__ neighbors want to get along well with each other，they have to show their tolerance.In this way，everyone will live __8__ peace.‎ ‎　　【语篇导读】‎ ‎　　我们可以选择朋友，却无法选择邻居;因此处理好邻里关系至关重要。该篇文章主要说明如何处理好邻里关系。‎ ‎　　1.解析：根据句式结构此处缺少get along with的宾语，根据上下文句意所填词汇应是前文提到的neighbors，故用代词them。‎ ‎　　答案　them ‎　　2.解析：根据句式结构此处缺少介词for的宾语，应填名词或代词，根据下文意思可以总结出“好邻居的重要品质是为他人着想”，故填others。‎ ‎　　答案　others ‎　　3.解析：分析结构可知此句中需要填的是定语从句的引导词，先行词是things指物，在从句中做主语，故用that/which。‎ ‎　　答案　that/which ‎　　4.解析：此处缺少连词，根据句意可知上下文是并列加顺延的关系，故用and。‎ ‎　　答案　and ‎　　5.解析：此处考查冠词。relationship此处作可数名词，且第一次出现，用a。‎ ‎　　答案　a ‎　　6.解析：此处缺少连词。根据语境：“邻居们应该尽其所能避免打搅别人，但有时一些搅扰是不可避免的”。此处上下文是转折关系，故用but。‎ ‎　　答案　but ‎　　7.解析：此处缺少连词。根据句意：“如果邻居们想要和睦相处他们应互相忍让。”所填词汇应能引导条件状语或时间状语从句，故用If或When。‎ ‎　　答案　If/When ‎　　8.解析：此处考查固定短语的介词搭配。根据句意，这样，大家都能和平共处，故用in，“in peace”和平地。‎ ‎　　答案　in ‎　　Passage 9　(2013•广东)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ ‎　　One day，Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly，he __1__ (find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it：neither too much __2__ too little.”‎ ‎　　His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much，Father，but if I can pay less, __3__ not save a bit of money?”‎ ‎　　“That would be a very __4__(reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”Nick said.‎ ‎　　Nick's guests, __5__ had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt __6__ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect __7__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”‎ ‎　　“But such a small thing couldn't __8__(possible) destroy a village.”‎ ‎　　“In the beginning, there was only __9__ very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always __10__(think) that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.”‎ ‎　　【语篇导读】‎ ‎　　本文通过Nick叫儿子去买盐要给合理价格的故事说明，一定要公平对待他人，尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。‎ ‎　　1.解析：动词时态。在主格人称代词he后应为谓语动词，由语境可知用一般过去时。‎ ‎　　答案　found ‎　　2.解析：并列连词。nor构成并列连词neither...nor。‎ ‎　　答案　nor ‎　　3.解析：连接副词。why not do sth (何不做某事)?是固定句式。‎ ‎　　答案　why ‎　　4.解析：词类转换。在名词前作定语要用形容词。‎ ‎　　答案　reasonable ‎　　5.解析：非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词是人，故填who。‎ ‎　　答案　who ‎　　6.解析：介词。因名词a low price在句中不作主语、动词的宾语，应为介词的宾语;根据习惯搭配，用介词at。‎ ‎　　答案　at ‎　　7.解析：介词。show respect for表示尊重。‎ ‎　　答案　for ‎　　8.解析：副词。修饰谓语动词作状语，用副词。‎ ‎　　答案　possibly ‎　　9.解析：不定冠词。a small amount of(少量的)是固定搭配。‎ ‎　　答案　a ‎　　10.解析：非谓语动词。因everyone与think是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作added的伴随状语。‎ ‎　　答案　thinking ‎　　Passage 10　(2011•广东)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。‎ ‎　　One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival.I left it early because I had an appointment__1__(late) that day.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me__2__ the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back，and then I noticed a man__3__(sit) at the front.He __4__(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.He must be__5__(mental) disabled.‎ ‎　　Behind him were other people to __6__ he was trying to talk，but after some minutes __7__ walked away and sat near me，looking annoyed.‎ ‎　　I didn't want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn't like leaving him __8__ his own either.‎ ‎　　After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had __9__ amazing conversation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.‎ ‎　　I'm glad I made the choice.It made __10__ of us feel good.‎ ‎　　【语篇导读】‎ ‎　　作者上了公交车后，发现一个患有精神病的人。作者会怎样做呢?‎ ‎　　1.解析：later在此表示“随后”。‎ ‎　　答案　later ‎　　2.解析：until表示“直到”，即朋友们陪着我一直等到车到站。‎ ‎　　答案　until ‎　　3.解析：分析句子结构可知，这里应该用sit的现在分词sitting作宾语补足语。‎ ‎　　答案　sitting ‎　　4.解析：根据全文内容可知，这是描述过去的事情，因此要用一般过去时。‎ ‎　　答案　pretended ‎　　5.解析：mentally是mental的副词形式，用来修饰形容词disabled。‎ ‎　　答案　mentally ‎　　6.解析：whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词other people。‎ ‎　　答案　whom ‎　　7.解析：根据前半句话中的he可知，这里应该用he作主语。‎ ‎　　答案　he ‎　　8.解析：leave sb on one's own意思是“让某人单独留下”。‎ ‎　　答案　on ‎　　9.解析：conversation是可数名词，其前的形容词amazing是以元音音素开头的，因此这里要用不定冠词an。‎ ‎　　答案　an ‎　　10.解析：根据文章内容可知，这里填both符合语境。这让我们两个人都很快乐。‎ ‎　　答案　both