优化方案高考英语一轮复习Unit7Livingwithdisease课时达标检测必修2 5页

Unit7 Living with disease 课时达标检测（必修2，含2013年模拟试题，含答案解析）‎ Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1.Alice trusts you，so only you can________her to give up that crazy idea.‎ A.tempt　　　　　　　　　　 B.persuade C.advise D.try to persuade 解析:选B。句意:爱丽丝相信你，只有你才能说服她放弃那个愚蠢的想法。persuade sb.to do sth.“说服某人做某事”。‎ ‎2.(2013·山东菏泽模拟)His failing to pass the exam is closely connected with bad studying habits and a ________of efforts.‎ A.limit B.lack C.need D.demand 解析:选B。句意:他这次考试失败与他的不良学习习惯和缺乏努力有密切联系。a lack of 的意思是“不足，没有，缺乏”。‎ ‎3.(2013·河北衡水模拟)The government is trying its best to make more accommodation________for the poor.‎ A.available B.approachable C.affordable D.accessible 解析:选A。句意:政府正在竭尽全力为穷人提供更多的住处。available“可利用的”，符合句意。approachable“可以靠近的”；affordable“买得起的”；accessible“容易接近的”，均不符合句子的意思。‎ ‎4.A lot of goods doesn’t sell well in the supermarket because most people fail to ________from financial disasters.‎ A.keep B.live C.recover D.realise 解析:选C。句意:超市里很多商品销量不大，因为大多数人没有从金融灾难中恢复过来。recover意思是“恢复；使恢复原状”，符合句意。keep保持；live生活；realise意识到，均不符合句意。‎ ‎5.My brother was born blind and deaf，but he has learnt________his disability and led a happy life.‎ A.to have lived with B.to live with C.that he lives with D.that he lived with 解析:选B。句意:我弟弟天生失明、失聪，但是他已经学会在残疾的情况下生活并且过得很愉快。learn to do sth.“学会做某事”；live with“忍受，接受，承认”。‎ ‎6.(2013·山东济宁模拟)Lily didn’t discourage because of the failure in the final exam.________，she started to study twice as hard.‎ A.In addition B.On the whole C.In conclusion D.On the contrary 解析:选D。句意:Lily 并没有因为期末考试失败而沮丧。相反，她开始加倍努力地学习。on the contrary“相反”，符合句意。in addition“另外”；on the whole“总的说来”；in conclusion“最后；总之”，均不符合句意。‎ ‎7.(2013·重庆模拟)According to marks，Jim falls behind other classmates this term________.But I think he will soon catch up with them.‎ A.in the moment B.for the moment C.for a moment D.in a moment 答案:B ‎8.(2013·陕西西安模拟)How I wish I_________her off at the station，but I was too busy.‎ A.see B.saw C.had seen D.have seen 解析:选C。句意:我要是去车站送她就好了，但我太忙了。wish 后面的从句表示与过去事实相反，故谓语动词要用“had＋done”形式。‎ ‎9.(2013·辽宁沈阳模拟)Eliza remembers all the things exactly as if it________yesterday.‎ A.was happening B.happens C.has happened D.happened 答案:D ‎10.(2012·高考安徽卷)You can change your job, you can move house，but friendship is meant to be ________ life. ‎ A.of B.on C.to D.for 解析:选D。考查介词辨析。句意:你可以换工作，也可以搬家，但友谊却可以终身受用。for life意为“终身”。故选D。‎ ‎11.(2013·浙江宁波高三十校联考)—Could you be so kind as to pass me the phone?‎ ‎—________.‎ A.With pleasure B.My pleasure C.Yes，please D.Go ahead 解析:选A。句意:——请你把手机递给我好吗？——乐意效劳。A选项是在别人提出请求时候的回答用语，意思是“乐意效劳”。B选项是在别人感谢时的回答用语。C选项和D选项是别人请求允许他做某事的时候的答语。‎ ‎12.While I was giving my report，some guys in the back kept interrupting me every two minutes.But for these interruptions，the meeting________earlier.‎ A.would not finish B.would not have finished C.would finish D.would have finished 答案:D ‎13.This article provides information about who is at risk during a heat wave，and advice about what to do ________a heat wave.‎ A.in honor of B.in need of ‎ C.in case of D.in search of ‎ 解析:选C。句意:这篇文章提供热浪时期处于危险中的一些人们的信息并对发生热浪时的注意事项提供建议。in case of 如果发生，符合句意。‎ ‎14.I feel so discouraged________I listen to my singing recorded.I mean it just sounds like I am shouting.‎ A.where B.that ‎ C.why D.when 答案:D ‎15.At present，one of the biggest problems for the elderly in the countryside________that they lack income.‎ A.is B.are C.will be D.was 答案:A Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2013·原创) Nearly a fifth of all Americans 12 years or older have hearing loss.The loss is so severe __1__ it may make communication difficult, according to a new study led by Johns Hopkins University researchers and __2__ Monday in the Archives of Internal Medicine.‎ The findings, thought to be the first nationally __3__ estimate of hearing loss, __4__ that many more people than previously thought are __5__ by this condition.‎ Study leader Frank Lin，an assistant professor，and his colleagues used __6__ from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys(NHANES)，a research program ‎ that has periodically(定期地)gathered health data from thousands of Americans __7__ 1971.The researchers __8__ data from all participants age 12 and over __9__ hearing was tested during NHANES examinations from 2001 to 2008.__10__ previous estimates，NHANES includes men and women of all races and ages，from cities scattered(分散的)across the __11__ ，so it’s thought to statistically describe the population of the Untied States.‎ ‎__12__ the World Health Organization’s definition for hearing loss，the researchers found that overall，about 30 million Americans，or 12.7 percent of the population，had hearing loss in both ears.That number __13__ to about 48 million，or 20.3 percent，for people who have hearing loss in __14__ one ear.These numbers far surpass __15__ estimates of 21 to 29 million.‎ Hearing loss prevalence(盛行，普遍)__16__ doubled with every age decade，with women and blacks being significantly __17__ likely to have hearing loss at any age.Lin and his colleagues aren’t sure __18__ these groups appear to be protected.However，he __19__ that the female hormone(荷尔蒙)，as well as the melanin pigment(黑色素)in darker skin，could have a protective __20__ on the inner ear.‎ ‎1. A.that B.which C.when D.what ‎ 解析:选A。so...that...句式表示“如此……以至于……”之意，that引导的是结果状语从句。‎ ‎2.A.published B.edited C.written D.reported ‎ 解析:选A。“发表在周一出版的《内科医学档案》上的一项调查”；published是“被出版了的”之意，符合语境。‎ ‎3. A.classical B.typical C.representative D.characteristic 解析:选C。“被认为是第一次具有全国代表性的听力损失统计调查”；representative是“代表性的”；符合语境；而classical是“古典的，经典的”；typical是“典型的”；characteristic是“特色的，典型的”。‎ ‎4. A.advise B.propose C.suggest D.insist ‎ 解析:选C。“这些发现暗示了……”；suggest是“暗示，表明”之意，符合语境。‎ ‎5. A.touched B.affected C.effected D.infected ‎ 解析:选B。“多于我们预料的人受到这种身体状况的影响”；affect是及物动词“影响”之意；符合语境；而touch是“触动”；effect是“产生，达到目的”；infect是“感染”。‎ ‎6. A.source B.data C.resource D.research 解析:选B。与下文“gathered health data from thousands of...”相呼应，故此处表示“使用这些数据”。‎ ‎7. A.before B.since C.after D.during 解析:选B。 由上文的时态has periodically gathered...可知，此处用since表示“自从……”之意，多与现在完成时连用。‎ ‎8. A.collected B.gathered C.analyzed D.investigated ‎ 解析:选C。“研究者分析数据……”；上文提到了“gathered health data...”“收集数据”，故此处应该是分析数据；analyze是“分析”之意；符合语境；而collect是“收集”，相当于gather；investigate是“调查，研究”。‎ ‎9. A.who B.whom C.whose D.them ‎ 解析:选C。whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词participants，whose在定语从句中作定语，修饰hearing。‎ ‎10. A.Unlike B.Dislike C.As D.Different ‎ 解析:选A。“和以往的估计不同”；unlike是介词，“和……不一样”之意；符合语境；而dislike是动词，“不喜欢”；as是介词，“像”；different是形容词，“不同的”。‎ ‎11. A.city B.town C.county D.country ‎ 解析:选D。由下文提到的“so...describe the population of the Untied States”可知此处应该是覆盖全国的调查。故用country。‎ ‎12. A.Using B.To use C.Used D.Having used ‎ 解析:选A。using...是现在分词短语，在句中作方式状语，相当于by using...。‎ ‎13. A.carries B.arrives C.jumps D.flows 解析:选C。“这一数字猛增到4800万”；jump是“猛增，跳跃”之意，符合语境。‎ ‎14. A.at least B.at most C.at best D.more or less 解析:选A。“至少一只耳朵会有听力问题”；at least 是“至少”之意；符合语境；而at most是“至多”。at best是“充其量，至多”；more or less是“或多或少”。‎ ‎15. A.later B.former C.latter D.previous 解析:选D。“这些数字都超过了以前的估计”。previous表示“以前的，以往的”之意，符合语境；而later是“后来的”；former是“前者的”；latter是“后者的”。‎ ‎16. A.mostly B.nearly C.altogether D.mainly 解析:选B。“听力损失盛行几乎增长了近一倍”；nearly是“接近地；几乎地”符合语境；而mostly是“主要地；大部分地”；altogether是“完全地”；mainly是“主要地”。‎ ‎17. A.more B.much C.less D.very 解析:选C。下文提到“these groups appear to be protected...”故此处应该是说“任何年龄的女性和黑人不容易患有听力损失”；less是副词，“较少地；较小程度地”，符合语境。‎ ‎18. A.why B.when C.how D.however ‎ 解析:选A。“不确定为什么这类群体的人们似乎听力会受到保护”；why引导的是宾语从句，同时，why在宾语从句中作原因状语。‎ ‎19. A.notes B.glares C.observes D.stares 解析:选A。note是“注意到……”之意，符合语境；而glare是“瞪视”； observe是“观察”；stare是“盯着看”。‎ ‎20. A.effect B.benefit C.role D.part 解析:选A。effect多与介词on连用，表示“对……的影响”；而benefit是“益处，好处”；role相当于part是“作用”，多与介词in连用。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2012·高考陕西卷)Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.‎ Previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露)to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems, but two analyses now show that poor air quality ‎ can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风)within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物)were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of “moderate” (良好)quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.‎ The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇调查研究报告。作者以具体的调查研究数据，让读者了解到，比起吃脂肪含量过多的食物、锻炼少以及抽烟来说，我们呼吸的空气更会即时地导致心脏疾病。‎ ‎1. The text mainly discusses the relationship between ________.‎ A.heart problems and air quality B.heart problems and exercising C.heart problems and smoking D.heart problems and fatty food 解析:选A。主旨大意题。文章第二段第一句话点明主题，but表转折，重点体现在but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风) within as little as a few hours after exposure；文章第二、三段的数据及其分析对此进行了说明。‎ ‎2.The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________.‎ A.relatively high B.extremely low C.relatively low D.extremely high 解析:选C。词义猜测题。根据关键信息relatively small，and certainly可以看出，此处modest与relatively small意思相近，C项正确。extremely“极其”，不合题意，此处说:两项研究均强调，与诸如吸烟和高血压这样的危险因素来说，这些危险因素(呼吸污染或质量不高的空气的危险)的危险性对健康的人来说相对低一些。‎ ‎3.What can we learn from the text?‎ A.Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.‎ B.The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.‎ C.Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking.‎ D.Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.‎ 解析:选D。推理判断题。A项由第一段中future一词可排除；B项文章未提及；第三段首句表明一般的空气质量比吸烟危险性低，C项错误；文章最后一句表达了作者的看法:环境保护局对污染物质的严格规定或许不仅能提高环境空气质量，而且可能会成为保护公众健康的必要因素。由此推理可知，应该对污染物质做出更严格的规定，D项正确。‎ ‎4.The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to ________. ‎ A.inform B.persuade C.describe D.entertain 解析:选A。作者意图题。作者以具体的调查研究数据和分析说明空气更会即时地导致心脏疾病，是客观上有理有据地让读者有所了解，而不是主观上的劝告，也不是描述，更非为了娱乐。A项正确。‎