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绝密★启用前
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
(考试时间:120分钟试卷满分:150分)
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时,务必将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5短对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:Howmuchistheshirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.
1.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?
A.Pronunciation. B.Vocabulary. C.Grammar.
2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?
A.Colleagues. B.Brotherandsister. C.Teacherandstudent.
3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?
A.Inabank. B.Ataticketoffice. C.Onatrain.
4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
A.Arestaurant. B.Astreet. C.Adish.
5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?
A.Itwastough. B.Itwasinteresting. C.Itwassuccessful.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.WhenwillJudygotoaparty?
A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnWednesday.
7.WhatwillMaxdonext?
A.Flyakite. B.Readamagazine. C.Dohishomework.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?
A.Goingtoaconcert. B.Watchingamovie. C.Playingacomputergame.
9.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?
A.VisitMike. B.Goboating. C.Takeawalk.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?
A.Red. B.Green. C.Blue.
11.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?
A.Toeattheminasafeplace.
B.Toshowofftheirhuntingskills.
C.Tomaketheirownershappy.
12.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?
A.Grateful. B.Humorous. C.Curious.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.WhoisMacy?
A.Ed’smother. B.Ed’steacher. C.Ed’sfriend.
14.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?
A.Bycar. B.Onfoot. C.Bybus.
15.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?
A.Tellingstories. B.Singingsongs. C.Playingwithothers.
16.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?
A.He’sclever. B.He’squiet. C.He’sbrave.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?
A.Five. B.Six. C.Nine.
18.WhydidEmilymovetoToronto?
A.Toworkforadanceschool.
B.Toperformatadancetheater.
C.Tolearncontemporarydance.
19.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?
A.Shewastoooldtodance.
B.Shefailedtogetascholarship.
C.Shelostinterestinit.
20.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?
A.She’spleased. B.She’sregretful. C.She’supset.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
SummerActivities
Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthemtoindicatetheirchoicesandreturntoschool.Beforechoicesarefinalised,parents/carerswillbeaskedtosigntoconfirmtheirchild’schoices.
Activity
Description
Memberofstaff
Cost
OutdoorAdventure(OUT)
Takeyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneforaweek,discovernewpersonalqualities,andlearnnewskills.YouwillbeabletotakepartinanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.Learnrockclimbingandworkasateam,andenjoythegreatoutdoorenvironment.
Mr.Clemens
£140
WWIBattlefields
andParis
(WBP)
OnMondaywetraveltoLondon.AfterstayingovernightinLondon,wetravelonDay2tonorthernFrancetovisittheWorldWarIbattlefields.OnDay3wecrossintoBelgium.ThursdayseesusmaketheshortjourneytoPariswherewewillvisitDisneylandParispark,stayinguntillatetoseetheparadeandthefireworks.Ourfinalday,Friday,seesusvisitcentralParisandtourthemainsights.
Mrs.Wilson
£425
Crafty
Mrs.Goode
£30
Foxes
(CRF)
Fourdaysofproductdesigncentredaroundtextiles.Makinglovelyobjectsusingrecycledandmadematerials.Bags,cushionsanddecorations...Learnskillsandleavewithmodernandunusualtextiles.
PottyaboutPotter
(POT)
VisitWarnerBrosStudio,shopstoptobuypicnic,stayovernightinanapprovedYouthHostelinStreatley-on-Thames,guidedtourofOxfordtoseethefilmlocations,picniclunchoutsideOxford’sChristchurch,boatingontheRiverCherwellthroughtheUniversityParks,beforeheadingbacktoExeter.
MissDrake
£150
21.Whichactivitywillyouchooseifyouwanttogocamping?
A.OUT. B.WBP. C.CRF. D.POT.
22.What?will?the?students?do?on?Tuesday?with?Mrs.?Wilson?
A.Travel?to?London.?? B.See?a?parade?and?fireworks.
C.Tour?central?Paris. D.Visit?the?WWI?battlefields.
23.How?long?does?Potty?about?Potter?last?
A.Two?days. B.Four?days. C.Five?days. D.One?week.
B
ManyofusloveJulybecauseit’sthemonthwhennature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia’sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.
Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.
Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat"icecream".Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.zxxk
Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa
"soft-serve"creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren’sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.
24.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?
A.Theycontainprotein. B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.
C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste. D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.
25.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?
A.Tomakethemsmellbetter. B.Tokeeptheircolour.
C.Tospeeduptheirripening. D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.
26.Whatis"ajuicer"inthelastparagraph?
A.Adessert. B.Adrink.
C.Acontainer. D.Amachine.
27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?
A.Abiologytextbook. B.Ahealthmagazine.
C.Aresearchpaper. D.Atravelbrochure.
C
Teensandyoungerchildrenarereadingalotlessforfun,accordingtoaCommonSenseMediareportpublishedMonday.
Whilethedeclineoverthepastdecadeissteepforteenreaders,somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren’slives,andindicateshowparentsmighthelpencouragemorereading.
Accordingtothereport’skeyfindings,"theproportion(比例)whosaythey‘hardlyever’readforfunhasgonefrom8percentof13-year-oldsand9percentof17-year-oldsin1984to22percentand27percentrespectivelytoday."
Thereportdatashowsthatpleasurereadinglevelsforyoungerchildren,ages2—8,remainlargelythesame.Buttheamountoftimespentinreadingeachsessionhasdeclined,fromclosertoanhourormoretoclosertoahalfhourpersession.
Whenitcomestotechnologyandreading,thereportdoeslittletocounsel(建议)parentslookingfordataabouttheeffectofe-readersandtabletsonreading.Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstilllimitelectronicreading,mainlyduetoconcernsaboutincreasedscreentime.zxxk
Themosthopefuldatasharedinthereportshowsclearevidenceofparentsservingasexamplesandimportantguidesfortheirkidswhenitcomestoreading.Datashowsthatkidsandteenswhodoreadfrequently,comparedtoinfrequentreaders,havemorebooksinthehome,morebookspurchasedforthem,parentswhoreadmoreoften,andparentswhosetasidetimeforthemtoread.
Astheendofschoolapproaches,andschoolvacationreadinglistsloom(逼近)ahead,parentsmighttakethischancetostepinandmaketheirownsummerreadinglistandplanafamilytriptothelibraryorbookstore.
28.WhatistheCommonSenseMediareportprobablyabout?
A.Children’sreadinghabits. B.Qualityofchildren’sbooks.
C.Children’safter-classactivities. D.Parent-childrelationships.
29.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports"childrenarereadingalotlessforfun"?
A.Inparagraph2. B.Inparagraph3.
C.Inparagraph4. D.Inparagraph5.
30.Whydomanyparentslimitelectronicreading?
A.E-booksareofpoorquality. B.Itcouldbeawasteoftime.
C.Itmayharmchildren’shealth. D.E-readersareexpensive.
31.Howshouldparentsencouragetheirchildrentoreadmore?
A.Actasrolemodelsforthem. B.Askthemtowritebookreports.
C.Setupreadinggroupsforthem. D.Talkwiththeirreadingclassteachers.
D
We’veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.
What’stheproblem?It’spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.
Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’tevenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(润滑剂)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast."Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,"heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem."
Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,"saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso."
Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,"hesays.zxxk
32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?
A.Addictiontosmartphones.
B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.
C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.
D.Impatiencewithslowservice.
33.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?
A.Showinggoodmanners. B.Relatingtootherpeople.
C.Focusingonatopic. D.Makingbusinessdeals.
34.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?
A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships. B.Itraisespeople’sconfidence.
C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk. D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.
35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ConversationCounts B.WaysofMakingSmallTalk
C.BenefitsofSmallTalk D.UncomfortableSilence
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.
l Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37
l Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.
l 39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.
l 40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.
Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.
A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.
B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.
C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.
D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.
E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.
F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.
G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He’dmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI’d41seenhim.Soimaginemy42whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.
Iwas43!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedto44.Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle46,Irealizedonekayak(皮划艇)wasin47."Something’snot48!"ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas50violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors.Ihelped51theyoungmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something52tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery53."What’shisname?"Iaskedtheinstructor."Ben,"hereplied,andimmediatelyI54.Thatstrangerwasmyson!
Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.55,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto56andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBen57tome."Ijustwanttosaythankyou,"hesaid."You58mylife!"
Istillcan’tbelievewhata59itwas.I’mjustsogladIwasthere60tohelpmyson.
41.A.also B.often C.even D.last
42.A.delight B.relief C.anger D.worry
43.A.scared B.shocked C.thrilled D.ashamed
44.A.talk B.stay C.meet D.settle
45.A.bathed B.clean C.deep D.formed
46.A.faster B.closer C.heavier D.wiser
47.A.trouble B.advance C.question D.battle
48.A.real B.right C.fair D.fit
49.A.stared B.sank C.dived D.fell
50.A.arguing B.fighting C.shouting D.shaking
51.A.lead B.persuade C.carry D.keep
52.A.happened B.occurred C.applied D.appealed
53.A.sharp B.pleasant C.attractive D.familiar
54.A.agreed B.hesitated C.doubted D.knew
55.A.Fortunately B.Frankly C.Sadly D.Suddenly
56.A.return B.relax C.speak D.leave
57.A.joked B.turned C.listened D.pointed
58.A.created B.honored C.saved D.guided
59.A.coincidence B.change C.pity D.pain
60.A.onboard B.intime C.forsure D.onpurpose
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.
Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn’srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice
64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.zxxk
AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment68(start)asoil-testingprogram69givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide."saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.
第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
WhenIwaslittle,Friday’snightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnottoletme.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes.Ididn’trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
你受学生会委托为校宣传栏"英语天地"写一则通知,请大家观看一部英语短片GrowingTogether,内容包括:
1.短片内容:学校的发展;
2.放映时间、地点;
3.欢迎对短片提出意见。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语试题参考答案
第一部分听力
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.C
6.B 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.C
11.A 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.C
16.A 17.B 18.C 19.C 20.A
第二部分阅读理解
21.A 22.D 23.A 24.C 25.B
26.D 27.B 28.A 29.B 30.C
31.A 32.C 33.B 34.D 35.C
36.G 37.E 38.F 39.B 40.A
第三部分语言知识运用
41.D 42.A 43.C 44.C 45.A
46.B 47.A 48.B 49.C 50.D
51.C 52.B 53.D 54.D 55.A
56.D 57.B 58.C 59.A 60.B
61.hasgrown 62.the 63.actually 64.toimprove 65.than
66.pollution 67.global 68.started 69.that/which 70.feeding
第四部分写作
第一节
WhenIwaslittle,nightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallinthesittingroom.Askid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtothem,myparentswouldnotletme.Theywouldsaytothatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesthemsometimes.Ididn’trealizehowrightmyparentsuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmeIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.
第二节(略)