三维设计2015高考物理 曲线运动 万有引力与航天 178页

第四章　曲线运动　万有引力与航天 ‎(1)从近三年高考试题考点分布可以看 出，高考对本章内容的考查重点有：平抛运 动、圆周运动与牛顿运动定律的综合，万有引 力定律与实际航空、航天问题的综合(如天体 质量、密度的估算，卫星的发射、运行、变轨 问题等)。‎ ‎(2)本部分内容的考查题型较全，既有选 择题，又有计算题，对抛体运动、圆周运动、‎ 万有引力定律的应用的直接考查，一般为选择 题；平抛运动、圆周运动规律与其他知识的综 合应用，一般以计算题的形式考查。‎ ‎2015高考考向前瞻(1)运动的合成与分解、平抛运动规律、圆周运动规律、万有引力定律在航天科技方面的应用仍将是本章命题的热点。‎ ‎(2)平抛运动、圆周运动规律与牛顿运动定律、万有引力定律、功能关系、电磁学知识相结合，与生产、生活、科技背景相联系，将是2015年高考命题的趋势。‎ 第1节曲线运动__运动的合成与分解 曲线运动 ‎[想一想]‎ 如图4－1－1是一位跳水运动员从高台做“反身翻腾二周半”动作时头部的运动轨迹，最后运动员沿竖直方向以速度v入水。整个运动过程中在哪几个位置头部的速度方向与入水时v的方向相同？在哪几个位置与v的方向相反？把这些位置在图中标出来。‎ 图4－1－1‎ 提示：头部的速度方向为头部运动轨迹在各点的切线方向，如图所示，A、C两位置头部速度方向与v方向相同，B、D两位置头部速度方向与v方向相反。‎ ‎[记一记]‎ ‎1．速度方向 质点在某一点的瞬时速度的方向，沿曲线上该点的切线方向。‎ ‎2. 运动性质 做曲线运动的物体，速度的方向时刻改变，故曲线运动一定是变速运动，即必然具有加速度。‎ ‎3．曲线运动的条件 ‎(1)运动学角度：物体的加速度方向跟速度方向不在同一条直线上。‎ ‎(2)动力学角度：物体所受合外力的方向跟速度方向不在同一条直线上。‎ ‎[试一试]‎ ‎1.(2014·苏锡常镇徐连调研)在xOy平面内，一质点仅在恒力F作用下由原点O运动到A点，其轨迹及在O点、A点的速度方向如图4－1－2所示，则F的方向可能沿(　　)‎ 图4－1－2‎ A. y轴正方向　　　 　 B．y轴负方向 C. x轴正方向 D. x轴负方向 解析：选C　质点做曲线运动时，物体受到的合力方向指向曲线的凹侧，并且与速度不在同一直线上，所以C正确。‎ 运动的合成与分解 ‎[想一想]　‎ 如图4－1－3所示，红蜡块可以在竖直玻璃管内的水中匀速上升，速度为v。‎ 若在红蜡块从A点开始匀速上升的同时，玻璃管从AB位置由静止开始水平向右做匀加速直线运动，加速度大小为a。‎ 图4－1－3‎ 请思考：红蜡块实际参与了哪两个方向的运动？这两个运动的合运动轨迹是直线还是曲线？与图中哪个轨迹相对应？‎ 提示：红蜡块沿竖直方向做匀速直线运动，沿水平方向做匀加速直线运动，此两运动的合运动为曲线运动，运动轨迹为图中的曲线AQC。‎ ‎[记一记]‎ ‎1．基本概念 分运动合运动 ‎2．分解原则 根据运动的实际效果分解，也可采用正交分解。‎ ‎3．遵循的规律 位移、速度、加速度都是矢量，故它们的合成与分解都遵循平行四边形定则。‎ ‎(1)如果各分运动在同一直线上，需选取正方向，与正方向同向的量取“＋”号，与正方向反向的量取“－”号，从而将矢量运算简化为代数运算。‎ ‎(2)两分运动不在同一直线上时，按照平行四边形定则进行合成，如图4－1－4所示。‎ 图4－1－4‎ ‎(3)两个分运动垂直时的合成满足：‎ a合＝ s合＝ v合＝ ‎[试一试]‎ ‎2．某质点的运动速度在x、y方向的分量vx、vy与时间的关系如图4－1－5所示，已知x、y方向相互垂直，则4 s末该质点的速度和位移大小各是多少？‎ 图4－1－5‎ 解析：4 s末该质点在x方向上，vx＝‎3 m/s，‎ sx＝vxt＝‎‎12 m 在y方向上，vy＝‎4 m/s，a＝＝‎1 m/s2，sy＝at2＝‎‎8 m 所以v合＝＝‎5 m/s s合＝＝‎4 m。‎ 答案：‎5 m/s　‎‎4 m 考点一物体做曲线运动的条件与轨迹分析 ‎[例1]　(多选)一小球在光滑水平面上以某速度做匀速直线运动，运动途中受到与水平面平行的恒定风力作用，则小球的运动轨迹可能是(　　)‎ 图4－1－6‎ ‎[解析]　选ABC　因不知对小球的水平风力的具体方向，故轨迹有多种可能，A、B、C均有可能，因小球运动轨迹一定于小球速度方向相切，不可能出现如图D中折线，故D错误。‎ ‎[例2]　(多选)质量为m的物体，在F1、F2、F3三个共点力的作用下做匀速直线运动，保持F1、F2不变，仅将F3的方向改变90°(大小不变)后，物体可能做(　　)‎ A．加速度大小为的匀变速直线运动 B．加速度大小为的匀变速直线运动 C．加速度大小为的匀变速曲线运动 D．匀速直线运动 ‎[解析]　选BC　选物体在F1、F2、F3三个共点力作用下做匀速直线运动，必有F3与F1、F2的合力等大反向，当F3大小不变，方向改变90°时，F1、F2的合力大小仍为F3‎ ‎，方向与改变方向后的F3夹角为90°，故F合＝F3，加速度a＝＝，若初速度方向与F合方向共线，则物体做匀变速直线运动，若初速度方向与F合方向不共线，则物体做匀变速曲线运动，故B、C正确。‎ 曲线运动 条件 ‎ 合外力方向与轨迹的关系 ‎ ‎①物体做曲线运动的轨迹一定夹在合外力的方向与速度方向之间；‎ ‎②合外力或加速度方向一定指向轨迹的“凹”侧；‎ ‎③曲线轨迹只能平滑变化，不会出现折线。 ‎ 速率变化情况判断 ‎ 考点二合运动的轨迹与性质判断 ‎[例3]　以下说法正确的是________。‎ ‎(1)分运动与合运动的运动时间是相同的 ‎(2)合运动的速度为各分运动速度大小之和 ‎(3)两个直线运动的合运动一定为直线运动 ‎(4)两个匀速直线运动的合运动一定为直线运动 ‎(5)两个匀变速直线运动的合运动一定为匀变速直线运动 ‎(6)两个初速度为零的匀变速直线运动的合运动一定为匀变速直线运动 ‎[答案]　(1)(4)(6)‎ ‎(1)合运动类型 ‎(2)两个直线运动的合运动性质的判断 根据合加速度方向与合初速度方向判定合运动是直线运动还是曲线运动，具体分以下几种情况：‎ 两个互成角度的分运动 合运动的性质 两个匀速直线运动 匀速直线运动 一个匀速直线运动、‎ 一个匀变速直线运动 匀变速曲线运动 两个初速度为零的 匀加速直线运动 匀加速直线运动 两个初速度不为零 的匀变速直线运动 如果v合与a合共线，为匀变速直线运动 如果v合与a合不共线，为匀变速曲线运动 考点三小船过河问题分析 ‎1．小船过河问题分析思路 合运动：小船的实际运动 运动的 分解 分运动二：船相对于静水的划行运动 分运动一：船随水漂流的运动 船在静水中的划行速度v1‎ 水流的速度v2‎ 运动的 合成 船相对于岸的实际速度v ‎2．三种速度 v1(船在静水中的速度)、v2(水流速度)、v(船的实际速度)。‎ ‎3．三种过河情景分析 ‎(1)过河时间最短：船头正对河岸时，渡河时间最短，tmin＝(d为河宽)。‎ ‎(2)过河路径最短(v2v1时)：合速度不可能垂直于河岸，无法垂直渡河。确定方法如下：‎ 如图4－1－7所示，以v2矢量末端为圆心，以v1矢量的大小为半径画弧，从v2矢量的始端向圆弧作切线，则合速度沿此切线方向时航程最短。‎ 图4－1－7‎ 由图可知cos α＝，最短航程x短＝＝d。‎ ‎[例4]　一小船渡河，河宽d＝‎180 m，水流速度v1＝‎2.5 m/s。‎ ‎(1)若船在静水中的速度为v2＝‎5 m/s，求：‎ ‎①欲使船在最短的时间内渡河，船头应朝什么方向？用多长时间？位移是多少？‎ ‎②欲使船渡河的航程最短，船头应朝什么方向？用多长时间？位移是多少？‎ ‎(2)若船在静水中的速度v2＝‎1.5 m/s，要使船渡河的航程最短，船头应朝什么方向？用多长时间？位移是多少？‎ ‎[思路点拨]‎ ‎(1)欲使船在最短时间内渡河，船头应朝什么方向？此指向与v2和v1的大小关系有关吗？‎ 提示：船头朝正对岸；无关。‎ ‎(2)欲使渡河的航程最短，船的实际速度一定与河岸垂直吗？此时应如何确定船头指向？‎ 提示：不一定；结合例题前要点讲解分析。‎ ‎[解析]　将船实际的速度(合速度)分解为垂直河岸方向和平行河岸方向的两个分速度，垂直分速度影响渡河的时间，而平行分速度只影响船在平行河岸方向的位移。‎ ‎(1)若v2＝‎5 m/s。‎ ‎①欲使船在最短时间内渡河，船头应朝垂直河岸方向，当船头垂直河岸时，如图甲所示，合速度为倾斜方向，垂直分速度为v2＝‎5 m/s。‎ 甲 t＝＝＝ s＝36 s，‎ v合＝＝ m/s，‎ x＝v合t＝‎90 m。‎ ‎②欲使船渡河航程最短，合速度应沿垂直河岸方向。船头应朝图乙中的v2方向。‎ 垂直河岸过河要求v水平＝0，如图乙所示，有v2sin α＝v1，得α＝30°。‎ 所以当船头与上游河岸成60°时航程最短。‎ 乙 x＝d＝‎180 m。‎ t＝＝＝ s＝24 s。‎ ‎(2)若v2＝‎1.5 m/s。‎ 与(1)中②不同，因为船速小于水速，所以船一定向下游漂移，设合速度方向与河岸下游方向夹角为α，则航程x＝。欲使航程最短，需α最大，如图丙所示，由出发点A作出v1矢量，以v1矢量末端为圆心，v2大小为半径作圆，A点与圆周上某点的连线即为合速度方向，欲使v合与水平方向夹角最大，应使v合与圆相切，即v合⊥v2。‎ 丙 sin α＝＝，得α＝37°。‎ 所以船头应朝上游与河岸成53°方向。‎ t＝＝ s＝150 s。‎ v合＝v1cos 37°＝‎2 m/s x＝v合·t＝‎300 m。‎ ‎[答案]　(1)①船头垂直于河岸　36 s　‎90 m ‎②船头与上游河岸成60°夹角　24 s　‎‎180 m ‎(2)船头与上游河岸成53°夹角　150 s　‎‎300 m 解决小船过河问题应注意的两个问题 ‎(1)渡河时间只与船垂直于河岸方向的分速度有关，与水流速度无关。‎ ‎(2)船渡河位移最短值与v船和v水大小关系有关，v船>v水时，河宽即为最短位移，v船vB B．vAhA，由h＝gt2得：tB>tA，由v＝可以得出vA>vB，A正确。‎ 斜抛运动 ‎[记一记]‎ ‎1．概念 以一定的初速度将物体沿与水平方向成一定角度斜向抛出，物体仅在重力作用下所做的曲线运动。‎ ‎2．性质 斜抛运动是加速度恒为重力加速度g的匀变速曲线运动，轨迹是抛物线。‎ ‎3．基本规律 以斜向上抛为例说明，如图4－2－3所示。‎ 图4－2－3‎ ‎(1)水平方向：v0x＝v0cos_θ，F合x＝0。‎ ‎(2)竖直方向：v0y＝v0sin_θ，F合y＝mg。‎ 因此斜抛运动可以看做是水平方向的匀速直线运动和竖直方向的竖直上抛运动的合运动。‎ ‎[试一试]‎ ‎2．(多选)物体以速度v0抛出做斜抛运动，则(　　)‎ A．在任何相等的时间内速度的变化量是相同的 B．可以分解为水平方向的匀速直线运动和竖直方向的自由落体运动 C．射高和射程都取决于v0的大小 D．v0很大，射高和射程可能很小 解析：选AD　斜抛运动整个过程中加速度恒为g，为匀变速运动，故相等时间内速度变化量一定相同，A正确；由斜抛运动的两分运动特点知B选项错误；射高与射程不仅取决于v0的大小，还取决于抛出速度v0与水平方向的夹角大小，故C选项错误，D选项正确。‎ 考点一平抛运动规律的应用 ‎1．飞行时间 t＝ ，飞行时间取决于下落高度h，与初速度v0无关。‎ ‎2．水平射程 x＝v0t＝v0 ，即水平射程由初速度v0和下落高度h共同决定，与其他因素无关。‎ ‎3．落地速度 v＝＝，以θ表示落地时速度与x轴正方向间的夹角，有tan θ＝＝，所以落地速度也只与初速度v0和下落高度h有关。‎ 图4－2－4‎ ‎4．速度改变量 因为平抛运动的加速度为恒定的重力加速度g，所以做平抛运动的物体在任意相等时间间隔Δt内的速度改变量Δv＝gΔt相同，方向恒为竖直向下，如图4－2－4所示。‎ ‎5．两个重要推论 ‎(1)做平抛(或类平抛)运动的物体任一时刻的瞬时速度的反向延长线一定通过此时水平位移的中点，如图4－2－5甲中A点和B点所示。‎ 图4－2－5‎ ‎(2)做平抛(或类平抛)运动的物体在任一时刻任一位置处，设其速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ，位移与水平方向的夹角为α，则tan θ＝2tan α，如图乙所示。‎ 图4－2－6‎ ‎[例1]　(2013·济南模拟)如图4－2－6所示，从某高度水平抛出一小球，经过时间t到达地面时，速度与水平方向的夹角为θ，不计空气阻力，重力加速度为g。下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ A．小球水平抛出时的初速度大小为gttan θ B．小球在t时间内的位移方向与水平方向的夹角为 C．若小球初速度增大，则平抛运动的时间变长 D．若小球初速度增大，则θ减小 ‎[思路点拨]‎ ‎(1)请分析计算小球落地时竖直方向的速度和位移。‎ ‎①竖直方向的速度：_______________________________________________________。‎ ‎②竖直方向的位移：_______________________________________________________。‎ 提示：①vy＝gt　②y＝gt2‎ ‎(2)请画出小球落地时速度和位移的分解示意图。‎ 提示：‎ ‎[解析]　选D　由tan θ＝可得小球平抛的初速度大小v0＝，A错误；由tan α＝＝＝＝tan θ可知，α≠，B错误；小球平抛的时间t＝，与小球初速度无关，C错误；由tan θ＝可知，v0越大，θ越小，D正确。‎ ‎(1)解答平抛运动问题时，一般的方法是将平抛运动沿水平和竖直两个方向分解，这样分解的优点是不用分解初速度，也不用分解加速度。‎ ‎(2)分析平抛运动时，要充分利用平抛运动中的两个矢量三角形找各量的关系。‎ ‎1．(2014·无锡市第一中学质检)水平抛出的小球，t秒末的速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ1，t＋t0秒末速度方向与水平方向的夹角为θ2，忽略空气阻力，重力加速度为g，则小球初速度的大小为(　　)‎ A．gt0(cos θ1－cos θ2)　　　 B. C．gt0(tan θ1－tan θ2) D. 解析：选D　将t秒末和t＋t0秒末的速度分解如图所示，则tan θ1＝，tan θ2＝，又vy2＝vy1＋gt0，解得v0＝，故D正确。‎ 考点二类平抛运动问题分析 ‎[例2]　在光滑的水平面内，一质量m＝‎1 kg的质点以速度v0＝‎10 m/s沿x轴正方向运动，经过原点后受一沿y轴正方向(竖直方向)的恒力F＝15 N作用，直线OA与x轴成α＝37°，如图4－2－7所示曲线为质点的轨迹图(g取‎10 m/s2，sin 37°＝0.6，cos 37°＝0.8)，求：‎ 图4－2－7‎ ‎(1)如果质点的运动轨迹与直线OA相交于P点，质点从O点到P点所经历的时间以及P点的坐标；‎ ‎(2) 质点经过P点时的速度大小。‎ ‎[审题指导]‎ 第一步：抓关键点 关键点 获取信息 以速度v0＝‎10 m/s沿x轴正方向运动 质点经过O点后所做运动的初速度 沿y轴正方向恒力F＝15 N 沿y轴做初速度为零的匀加速直线运动 第二步：找突破口 要求质点从O点到P点的时间可分析沿＋x方向和＋y方向的分运动位移，利用tan α＝列方程即可。‎ ‎[解析]　质点在水平方向上无外力作用做匀速直线运动，竖直方向受恒力F和重力mg作用做匀加速直线运动。‎ 由牛顿第二定律得：‎ a＝＝ m/s2＝‎5 m/s2。‎ 设质点从O点到P点经历的时间为t，P点坐标为(xP，yP)，‎ 则xP＝v0t，yP＝at2‎ 又tan α＝ 联立解得：t＝3 s，xP＝‎30 m，yP＝‎22.5 m。‎ ‎(2)质点经过P点时沿y轴正方向的速度 vy＝at＝‎15 m/s 故P点的速度大小 vP＝＝‎5 m/s。‎ ‎[答案]　(1)3 s　xP＝‎30 m，yP＝‎22.5 m　(2)‎5 m/s ‎2．如图4－2－8所示，A、B两质点从同一点O分别以相同的水平速度v0沿x轴正方向抛出，A在竖直平面内运动，落地点为P1；B沿光滑斜面运动，落地点为P2，P1和P2在同一水平面上，不计阻力，则下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ 图4－2－8‎ A．A、B的运动时间相同 B．A、B沿x轴方向的位移相同 C．A、B运动过程中的加速度大小相同 D．A、B落地时速度大小相同 解析：选D　设O点与水平面的高度差为h，由h＝gt12，＝gsin θt22可得：t1＝，t2＝，故t1x3－x2，ΔE1＝ΔE2＝ΔE3‎ C．x2－x1>x3－ x2，ΔE1<ΔE2<ΔE3‎ D．x2－x1< x3－x2，ΔE1<ΔE2<ΔE3‎ 解析：选B　 本题考查平抛运动知识，意在考查考生对平抛运动公式和机械能守恒条件的应用能力。因水平板1、2的间距等于水平板2、3的间距，则小球在水平板1、2之间运动的时间大于小球在水平板2、3之间运动的时间，因小球在水平方向做匀速运动，有x2－x1>x3－x2，又因小球在平抛运动过程中机械能守恒，则有ΔE1＝ΔE2＝ΔE3＝0，故B项正确，其他选项错误。‎ ‎5．如图4－2－17所示，小球以v0正对倾角为θ的斜面水平抛出，若小球到达斜面的位移最小，则飞行时间t为(重力加速度为g)(　　)‎ 图4－2－17‎ A．v0tan θ B. C. D. 解析：选D　如图所示，要小球到达斜面的位移最小，则要求落点与抛出点的连线与斜面垂直，所以有tan θ＝，而x＝v0t，y＝ gt2，解得t＝。‎ ‎[课时跟踪检测]‎ 一、单项选择题 ‎1.如图1所示，在水平路面上一运动员驾驶摩托车跨越壕沟，壕沟两侧的高度差为‎0.8 m，水平距离为‎8 m，则运动员跨过壕沟的初速度至少为(取g＝‎10 m/s2)(　　)‎ 图1‎ A．‎0.5 m/s　　　　　　　　 B．‎2 m/s C．‎10 m/s D．‎20 m/s 解析：选D　运动员做平抛运动的时间t＝ ＝0.4 s，‎ v＝＝ m/s＝‎20 m/s。‎ ‎2.(2014·湛江十校联考)平抛运动可以分解为水平和竖直方向的两个直线运动，在同一坐标系中作出这两个分运动的v－t图线，如图2所示。若平抛运动的时间大于2t1，下列说法中正确的是(　　)‎ 图2‎ A．图线2表示水平分运动的v－t图线 B．t1时刻的速度方向与初速度方向的夹角为30°‎ C．t1时间内的竖直位移与水平位移之比为1∶2‎ D．2t1时刻的速度方向与初速度方向的夹角为60°‎ 解析：选C　水平分运动为匀速直线运动，故A错误；t1时刻水平方向和竖直方向的分速度相等，则合速度与水平方向的夹角为45°，B错误；设水平速度为v0，则t1时间内的水平位移为x＝v0t1，竖直方向的位移y＝t1，所以＝，C正确；2t1时刻竖直方向的速度2v0，显然速度方向与水平方向的夹角不是60°，D错误。‎ ‎3.如图3所示，B为竖直圆轨道的左端点，它和圆心O的连线与竖直方向的夹角为α。一小球在圆轨道左侧的A点以速度v0平抛，恰好沿B点的切线方向进入圆轨道。已知重力加速度为g，则AB之间的水平距离为(　　)‎ 图3‎ A. B. C. D. 解析：选A　由小球恰好沿B点的切线方向进入圆轨道可知小球速度方向与水平方向夹角为α。由tan α＝gt/v0，x＝v0t，联立解得AB之间的水平距离为x＝，选项A正确。‎ ‎4．在地球表面某高度处以一定的初速度水平抛出一个小球，测得水平射程为x，在另一星球表面以相同的水平速度抛出该小球，需将高度降低一半才可以获得相同的水平射程。忽略一切阻力。设地球表面重力加速度为g，该星球表面的重力加速度为g′，则为(　　)‎ A. B. C. D．2‎ 解析：选D　在地球表面做平抛运动的时间t＝ ，水平射程为x＝v0t＝v0 ，地球表面重力加速度为g＝；在另一星球表面做平抛运动的时间t′＝，水平射程为x＝v0t′＝v0 ，此星球表面的重力加速度g′＝，则＝2，选项D正确。‎ ‎5．(2014·盐城质检)如图4所示，球网高出桌面H，网到桌边的距离为L。某人在乒乓球训练中，从左侧L/2处，将球沿垂直于网的方向水平击出，球恰好通过网的上沿落到右侧桌边缘。设乒乓球运动为平抛运动。则(　　)‎ 图4‎ A．击球点的高度与网高度之比为2∶1‎ B．乒乓球在网左右两侧运动时间之比为2∶1‎ C．乒乓球过网时与落到桌边缘时速率之比为1∶2‎ D．乒乓球在左、右两侧运动速度变化量之比为1∶2‎ 解析：选D　根据平抛运动规律，乒乓球在左、右两侧运动时间之比为1∶2，由Δv＝gΔt可得，乒乓球在左、右两侧运动速度变化量之比为1∶2，选项D正确B错误。由y＝gt2可得击球点的高度与网高度之比为9∶8，乒乓球过网时与落到桌边缘时竖直方向速度之比为1∶3，选项A、C错误。‎ ‎6．(2013·安徽高考)由消防水龙带的喷嘴喷出水的流量是‎0.28 m3‎/min，水离开喷口时的速度大小为‎16‎m/s，方向与水平面夹角为60°，在最高处正好到达着火位置，忽略空气阻力，则空中水柱的高度和水量分别是(重力加速度g取‎10 m/s2)(　　)‎ A．‎28.8 m　1.12×10－‎2 m3‎ B．‎28.8 m　‎‎0.672 m3‎ C．‎38.4 m　1.29×10－‎2 m3‎ D．‎38.4 m　‎‎0.776 m3‎ 解析：选A　将初速度正交分解，得竖直方向分速度vy＝vsin 60°＝‎24 m/s，水在竖直方向做竖直上抛运动，水柱的高度h＝＝‎28.8 m，水柱上升的时间t＝＝2.4 s，故水柱的水量V＝Qt＝1.12×10－‎2m3‎。‎ 二、多项选择题 ‎7．以速度v0水平抛出一小球后，不计空气阻力，某时刻小球的竖直分位移与水平分位移大小相等，以下判断正确的是(　　)‎ A．此时小球的竖直分速度大小大于水平分速度大小 B．此时小球速度的方向与位移的方向相同 C．此时小球速度的方向与水平方向成45度角 D．从抛出到此时，小球运动的时间为 解析：选AD　平抛运动可分解为水平方向的匀速直线运动：x＝v0t 竖直方向的自由落体运动：y＝·t 因为x＝y，所以vy＝2v0，由vy＝gt得：t＝，故B、C错误，A、D正确。‎ ‎8．如图5所示，在某次自由式滑雪比赛中，一运动员从弧形雪坡上沿水平方向飞出后，又落回到斜面雪坡上，若斜面雪坡的倾角为θ，飞出时的速度大小为v0，不计空气阻力，运动员飞出后在空中的姿势保持不变，重力加速度为g，则(　　)‎ 图5‎ A．如果v0不同，则该运动员落到雪坡时的速度方向也就不同 B．不论v0多大，该运动员落到雪坡时的速度方向都是相同的 C．运动员落到雪坡时的速度大小是 D．运动员在空中经历的时间是 解析：选BD　如果v0不同，则该运动员落到雪坡时的位置不同，但位移方向均沿斜坡，即位移方向与水平方向的夹角均为θ，由tan φ＝2tan θ得速度方向与水平方向的夹角均为φ，故A错、B对；将运动员落到雪坡时的速度沿水平和竖直方向分解，求出运动员落到雪坡时的速度大小为，故C错；由几何关系得tan θ＝，解出运动员在空中经历的时间t＝，故D对。‎ ‎9．(2014·郑州模拟)如图6所示，光滑斜面固定在水平面上，顶端O有一小球，从静止释放，运动到底端B的时间为t1，若给小球不同的水平初速度，落到斜面上的A点，经过的时间为t2，落到斜面底端B点，经过的时间为t3，落到水平面上的C点，经过的时间为t4，则(　　)‎ 图6‎ A．t2>t1 B．t3>t2‎ C．t4>t3 D．t1>t4‎ 解析：选BD　由＝gsin αt12可得t1＝ 而t4＝t3＝ ，故有C错误，D正确；由t2< 可得：t1>t2，t3>t2，A错误，B正确。‎ ‎10．(2012·江苏高考)如图7所示，相距l的两小球A、B位于同一高度h(l、h均为定值)。将A向B水平抛出的同时，B自由下落。A、B与地面碰撞前后，水平分速度不变，竖直分速度大小不变、方向相反。不计空气阻力及小球与地面碰撞的时间，则(　　)‎ 图7‎ A．A、B在第一次落地前能否相碰，取决于A的初速度 B．A、B在第一次落地前若不碰，此后就不会相碰 C．A、B不可能运动到最高处相碰 D．A、B一定能相碰 解析：选AD　A、B两球在第一次落地前竖直方向均做自由落体运动，若在落地时相遇，此时A球水平抛出的初速度v0＝，h＝gt2，则v0＝l，只要A的水平初速度大于v0，A、B两球就可在第一次落地前相碰，A正确；若A、B在第一次落地前不能碰撞，则落地反弹后的过程中，由于A向右的水平速度保持不变，所以当A的水平位移为l时，即在t＝时，A、B一定相碰，在t＝时，A、B可能在最高点，也可能在竖直高度h中的任何位置，所以B、C错误，D正确。‎ 三、非选择题 ‎11．如图8所示的光滑斜面长为l，宽为b，倾角为θ，一物块(可看成质点)沿斜面左上方顶点P水平射入，恰好从底端Q点离开斜面，试求：‎ 图8‎ ‎(1)物块由P运动到Q所用的时间t；‎ ‎(2)物块由P点水平射入时的初速度v0；‎ ‎(3)物块离开Q点时速度的大小v。‎ 解析：(1)沿斜面向下的方向有 mgsin θ＝ma l＝at2‎ 联立解得t＝ 。‎ ‎(2)沿水平方向有b＝v0t v0＝＝b 。‎ ‎(3)物块离开Q点时的速度大小 v＝＝ 。‎ 答案：(1) 　(2)b 　(3) ‎12．(2014·徐州第一中学质检)如图9所示，在水平地面上固定一倾角θ＝37°，‎ 表面光滑的斜面体，物体A以v1＝‎6 m/s的初速度沿斜面上滑，同时在物体A的正上方，有一物体B以某一初速度水平抛出。如果当A上滑到最高点时恰好被B物体击中。A、B均可看作质点(sin 37°＝0.6，cos 37°＝0.8，g取‎10 m/s2)。求：‎ 图9‎ ‎(1)物体A上滑到最高点所用的时间；‎ ‎(2)物体B抛出时的初速度v2；‎ ‎(3)物体A、B间初始位置的高度差h。‎ 解析：(1)物体A上滑过程中，由牛顿第二定律得：‎ mgsin θ＝ma 代入数据得：a＝‎6 m/s2‎ 设物体A滑到最高点所用时间为t，由运动学公式：‎ ‎0＝v1－at 解得：t＝1 s ‎(2)物体B平抛的水平位移：x＝v1tcos 37°＝‎‎2.4 m 物体B平抛的初速度：v2＝＝‎2.4 m/s ‎(3)物体A、B间的高度差：h＝hA⊥＋hB＝v1tsin 37°＋gt2＝‎‎6.8 m 答案：(1)1 s　(2)‎2.4 m/s　(3)‎‎6.8 m 第3节圆周运动 描述圆周运动的物理量及相互关系 ‎[想一想]‎ 匀速圆周运动的线速度和角速度之间有怎样的关系？该关系适用于变速率圆周运动吗？‎ 两个都做匀速圆周运动的物体相比较，线速度越大的物体，向心加速度越大，这种说法对吗？‎ 提示：v＝ω·r，既适用于匀速圆周运动，也适用于变速圆周运动，由a＝＝ω2·r可知，圆周运动的半径相同时，线速度越大的物体向心加速度越大，若运动半径不相同，其结果是不确定的。‎ ‎[记一记]‎ 描述圆周运动的物理量主要有线速度、角速度、周期、转速、向心加速度、向心力等，现比较如下表：‎ 定义、意义 公式、单位 线速度 ‎①描述做圆周运动的物体运动快慢的物理量(v) ‎ ‎②是矢量，方向和半径垂直，和圆周相切 ‎①v＝＝ ‎②单位：m/s 角速度 ‎①描述物体绕圆心转动快慢的物理量(ω) ‎ ‎②中学不研究其方向 ‎①ω＝＝ ‎②单位：rad/s 周期和转速 ‎①周期是物体沿圆周运动一圈的时间(T) ‎ ‎②转速是物体在单位时间内转过的圈数(n)，也叫频率(f)‎ ‎①T＝；单位：s ‎②n的单位r/s、r/min ‎③f的单位：Hz ‎ f＝ 向心加速度 ‎①描述速度方向变化快慢的物理量(an) ‎ ‎②方向指向圆心 ‎①an＝＝ω2r ‎②单位：m/s2‎ 向心力 ‎①作用效果是产生向心加速度，只改变线速度的方向，不改变线速度的大小 ‎②方向指向圆心 ‎①Fn＝mω2r＝m＝mr ‎②单位：N 相互关系 ‎①v＝rω＝＝2πrf ‎②an＝＝rω2＝ωv＝＝4π‎2f2r ‎③Fn＝m＝mrω2＝m＝mωv＝m4π‎2f2r ‎[试一试]‎ ‎1.(2013·盐城模拟)家用台式计算机上的硬盘磁道如图4－3－1所示。A、B是分别位于两个半径不同磁道上的两质量相同的点，磁盘转动后，它们的(　　)‎ 图4－3－1‎ A．向心力相等 B．角速度大小相等 C．向心加速度相等 D．线速度大小相等 解析：选B　由角速度公式ω＝，知同轴转动角速度相等，故B正确；根据角速度与线速度关系公式v＝ωr，两个质点的转动半径不相等，故线速度大小不相等，故D错误；根据向心力公式：Fn＝mω2r，两个质点的质量相同，转动半径不相同，故向心力不相等，故A错误；根据向心加速度公式an＝ω2r，两个质点转动半径不相同，故向心加速度不相等，故C错误。‎ 匀速圆周运动和非匀速圆周运动 ‎[想一想]‎ 在圆周运动中，向心力一定指向圆心吗？合外力一定指向圆心吗？‎ 提示：无论匀速圆周运动，还是非匀速圆周运动，向心力一定指向圆心，匀速圆周运动的合外力提供向心力，一定指向圆心，非匀速圆周运动的合外力不一定指向圆心。‎ ‎[记一记]‎ ‎1．匀速圆周运动 ‎(1)定义：物体沿着圆周运动，并且线速度的大小处处相等，这种运动叫做匀速圆周运动。‎ ‎(2)性质：向心加速度大小不变，方向总是指向圆心的变加速曲线运动。‎ ‎(3)质点做匀速圆周运动的条件：‎ 合力大小不变，方向始终与速度方向垂直且指向圆心。‎ ‎2．非匀速圆周运动 ‎(1)定义：线速度大小、方向均发生变化的圆周运动。‎ ‎(2)合力的作用：‎ ‎①合力沿速度方向的分量Ft产生切向加速度，Ft＝mat，它只改变速度的大小。‎ ‎②合力沿半径方向的分量Fn产生向心加速度，Fn＝man，它只改变速度的方向。‎ ‎[试一试]‎ ‎2．荡秋千是儿童喜爱的一项体育运动，当秋千荡到最高点时，小孩的加速度方向是图4‎ ‎－3－2中的(　　)‎ 图4－3－2‎ A．a方向 B．b方向 C．c方向 D．d方向 解析：选B　秋千荡到最高点时，速度为零，小孩的向心力为零，只有沿b方向的合力，故其加速度方向沿b方向，B正确。‎ 离心现象 ‎[记一记]‎ ‎1．离心运动 ‎(1)定义：做圆周运动的物体，在所受合外力突然消失或不足以提供圆周运动所需向心力的情况下，所做的逐渐远离圆心的运动。‎ ‎(2)本质：做圆周运动的物体，由于本身的惯性，总有沿着圆周切线方向飞出去的倾向。‎ ‎(3)受力特点：‎ ‎①当F＝mω2r时，物体做匀速圆周运动；‎ ‎②当F＝0时，物体沿切线方向飞出；‎ ‎③当Fmω2r，物体将逐渐靠近圆心，做近心运动。‎ ‎[试一试]‎ ‎3．下列关于离心现象的说法正确的是(　　)‎ A．当物体所受的离心力大于向心力时产生离心现象 B．做匀速圆周运动的物体，当它所受的一切力都消失时，它将做背离圆心的圆周运动 C．做匀速圆周运动的物体，当它所受的一切力都突然消失时，它将沿切线做直线运动 D．做匀速圆周运动的物体，当它所受的一切力都突然消失时，它将做曲线运动 解析：选C　物体做匀速圆周运动时，合外力必须满足物体所需要的向心力F＝mω2r。若F＝0，物体由于惯性而沿切线飞出，若F＜mω2r，物体由于惯性而远离圆心，并不是受到离心力作用。故A、B、D错误，C正确。‎ 考点一传动装置问题 ‎[例1]　(多选)(2014·东台市调研)如图4－3－4所示，当正方形薄板绕着过其中心O并与板垂直的转动轴转动时，板上A、B两点(　　)‎ 图4－3－4‎ A．角速度之比ωA∶ωB＝1∶1‎ B．角速度之比ωA∶ωB＝1∶ C．线速度之比vA∶vB＝∶1‎ D．线速度之比vA∶vB＝1∶ ‎[解析]　选AD　板上A、B两点的角速度相等，角速度之比ωA∶ωB＝1∶1，选项A正确B错误；线速度v＝ωr，线速度之比vA∶vB＝1∶，选项C错误D正确。‎ ‎[例2]　如图4－3－5所示的齿轮传动装置中，主动轮的齿数z1＝24，从动轮的齿数z2＝8，当主动轮以角速度ω顺时针转动时，从动轮的运动情况是(　　)‎ 图4－3－5‎ A．顺时针转动，周期为2π/3ω B．逆时针转动，周期为2π/3ω C．顺时针转动，周期为6π/ω D．逆时针转动，周期为6π/ω ‎[解析]　选B　主动轮顺时针转动，从动轮逆时针转动，两轮边缘的线速度大小相等，由齿数关系知主动轮转一周时，从动轮转三周，故T从＝，B正确。‎ ‎[例3]　(多选)如图4－3－6为某一皮带传动装置。主动轮的半径为r1，从动轮的半径为r2。已知主动轮做顺时针转动，转速为n1，转动过程中皮带不打滑。下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ 图4－3－6‎ A．从动轮做顺时针转动 B．从动轮做逆时针转动 C．从动轮的转速为n1‎ D．从动轮的转速为n1‎ ‎[解析]　选BC　主动轮沿顺时针方向转动时，传送带沿M→N方向运动，故从动轮沿逆时针方向转动，故A错误，B正确；由ω＝2πn。v＝ωr可知，2πn1r1＝2πn2r2，解得n2＝n1，故C正确，D错误。‎ 传动装置中各物理量间的关系 ‎(1)同一转轴的各点角速度ω相同，而线速度v＝ωr与半径r成正比，向心加速度大小a＝rω2与半径r成正比。‎ ‎(2)当皮带不打滑时，传动皮带、用皮带连接的两轮边缘上各点的线速度大小相等，两皮带轮上各点的角速度、向心加速度关系可根据ω＝、a＝确定。‎ 考点二水平面内的匀速圆周运动 ‎[例4]　(2013·重庆高考)如图4－3－7所示，半径为R的半球形陶罐，固定在可以绕竖直轴旋转的水平转台上，转台转轴与过陶罐球心O的对称轴OO′重合。转台以一定角速度ω匀速旋转，一质量为m的小物块落入陶罐内，经过一段时间后，小物块随陶罐一起转动且相对罐壁静止，它和O点的连线与OO′之间的夹角θ为60°。重力加速度大小为g。‎ 图4－3－7‎ ‎(1)若ω＝ω0，小物块受到的摩擦力恰好为零，求ω0；‎ ‎(2)若ω＝(1±k)ω0，且0＜k＜1，求小物块受到的摩擦力大小和方向。‎ ‎[思路点拨]‎ ‎(1)小物块在哪个平面内做圆周运动？‎ 提示：小物块在水平面内做圆周运动。‎ ‎(2)小物块圆周运动的半径与R有什么关系？‎ 提示：r＝R·sin θ。‎ ‎(3)摩擦力的方向与ω的大小之间存在什么关系？‎ 提示：当ω＝(1＋k)ω0时，摩擦力方向沿罐壁切线向下；当ω＝(1－k)ω0时，摩擦力方向沿罐壁切线向上。‎ ‎[解析]　(1)当ω＝ω0时，小物块受重力和支持力，由牛顿第二定律得：mgtan θ＝mω02r 其中r＝Rsin θ 解得ω0＝ ‎(2)当ω＝(1＋k)ω0时，小物块所需向心力变大，则摩擦力方向沿罐壁向下，对小物块，由牛顿第二定律得：‎ 水平方向：FNsin θ＋fcos θ＝mω2r 竖直方向：FNcos θ－fsin θ＝mg 解得f＝mg 当ω＝(1－k)ω0时，小物块所需向心力变小，则摩擦力方向沿罐壁向上，‎ 对小物块，由牛顿第二定律得：‎ 水平方向：FNsin θ－fcos θ＝mω2r 竖直方向：FNcos θ＋fsin θ＝mg 解得f＝mg ‎[答案]　(1) ‎(2)当ω＝(1＋k)ω0时，摩擦力方向沿罐壁切线向下，大小为mg；当ω＝(1－k)ω0时，摩擦力方向沿罐壁切线向上，大小为mg 水平面内的匀速圆周运动的分析方法 ‎(1)运动实例：圆锥摆、火车转弯、飞机在水平面内做匀速圆周飞行等。‎ ‎(2)问题特点：‎ ‎①运动轨迹是圆且在水平面内；‎ ‎②向心力的方向水平，竖直方向的合力为零。‎ ‎(3)解题方法：‎ ‎①对研究对象受力分析，确定向心力的来源；‎ ‎②确定圆周运动的圆心和半径；‎ ‎③应用相关力学规律列方程求解。‎ ‎1．(多选)“飞车走壁”是一种传统的杂技艺术，演员骑车在倾角很大的桶面上做圆周运动而不掉下来。如图4－3－8所示，已知桶壁的倾角为θ，车和人的总质量为m，做圆周运动的半径为r，若使演员骑车做圆周运动时不受桶壁的摩擦力，下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ 图4－3－8‎ A．人和车的速度为 B．人和车的速度为 C．桶面对车的弹力为 D．桶面对车的弹力为 解析：选AC　对人和车进行受力分析如图所示，根据直角三角形的边角关系和向心力公式可列方程：mgtan θ＝m，FNcos θ＝mg，解得v＝，FN＝。故A、C正确。‎ 考点三竖直平面内的圆周运动 物体在竖直面内做的圆周运动是一种典型的变速曲线运动，该类运动常见的两种模型——轻绳模型和轻杆模型，分析比较如下：‎ 轻绳模型 轻杆模型 常见类型 均是没有支撑的小球 均是有支撑的小球 由mg＝m得v临＝ 由小球能运动即可得v临＝0‎ 过最高点的临界条件 讨论分析 ‎(1)过最高点时，v≥，FN＋mg＝m，绳、轨道对球产生弹力FN ‎(2)不能过最高点v＜，在到达最高点前小球已经脱离了圆轨道 ‎(1)当v＝0时，FN＝mg，FN为支持力，沿半径背离圆心 ‎(2)当0＜v＜时，－FN＋mg＝m，FN背向圆心，随v的增大而减小 ‎(3)当v＝时，FN＝0‎ ‎(4)当v＞时，FN＋mg＝m，FN指向圆心并随v的增大而增大 在最高点的FN图线 取竖直向下为正方向 取竖直向下为正方向 ‎[例5]　(2014·信阳模拟)如图4－3－9所示，质量为m的小球置于正方体的光滑盒子中，盒子的边长略大于球的直径。某同学拿着该盒子在竖直平面内做半径为R的匀速圆周运动，已知重力加速度为g，空气阻力不计，则(　　)‎ 图4－3－9‎ A．若盒子在最高点时，盒子与小球之间恰好无作用力，则该盒子做匀速圆周运动的周期为2π B．若盒子以周期π做匀速圆周运动，则当盒子运动到图示球心与O点位于同一水平面位置时，小球对盒子左侧面的力为4mg C．若盒子以角速度2做匀速圆周运动，则当盒子运动到最高点时，小球对盒子的下面的力为3mg D．盒子从最低点向最高点做匀速圆周运动的过程中，球处于超重状态；当盒子从最高点向最低点做匀速圆周运动的过程中，球处于失重状态 ‎[审题指导]‎ 第一步：抓关键点 关键点 获取信息 光滑盒子 小球受重力，也可能受弹力 匀速圆周运动 小球的加速度方向及合外力方向始终指向圆心O 第二步：找突破口 在最高点时，盒子与小球间无作用力时，重力恰好提供小球做圆周运动的向心力，当盒子运动到图中与O点位于同一水平面位置时，盒子侧面对小球的弹力提供向心力，由牛顿第二定律列方程可求出小球对盒子的作用力。‎ ‎[解析]　选A　由mg＝m·R可得：盒子运动周期T＝2π ，A正确；由FN1＝m·R，T1＝π得：FN1＝4mg，由牛顿第三定律可知，小球对盒子右侧面的力为4mg，B错误；由FN2＋mg＝mω2R得小球以ω＝2 做匀速圆周运动时，在最高点小球对盒子上面的压力为3mg，C错误；盒子由最低点向最高点运动的过程中，小球的加速度先斜向上，后斜向下，故小球先超重后失重，D错误。‎ 求解竖直平面内圆周运动问题的思路 以“公路急转弯”为背景考查圆周运动规律 ‎[典例]　(多选)(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)公路急转弯处通常是交通事故多发地带。如图4－3－10，某公路急转弯处是一圆弧，当汽车行驶的速率为v0时，汽车恰好没有向公路内外两侧滑动的趋势。则在该弯道处(　　)‎ 图4－3－10‎ A．路面外侧高内侧低 B．车速只要低于v0，车辆便会向内侧滑动 C．车速虽然高于v0，但只要不超出某一最高限度，车辆便不会向外侧滑动 D．当路面结冰时，与未结冰时相比，v0的值变小 ‎[解析]　汽车以速率v0转弯，需要指向内侧的向心力，汽车恰好没有向公路内外两侧滑动的趋势，说明此处公路内侧较低外侧较高，选项A正确。车速只要低于v0，车辆便有向内侧滑动的趋势，但不一定向内侧滑动，选项B错误。车速虽然高于v0，由于车轮与地面有摩擦力，但只要不超出某一最高限度，车辆便不会向外侧滑动，选项C正确。根据题述，汽车以速率v0转弯，需要指向内侧的向心力，汽车恰好没有向公路内外两侧滑动的趋势，没有受到摩擦力，所以当路面结冰时，与未结冰时相比，转弯时v0的值不变，选项D错误。‎ ‎[答案]　AC ‎[点悟]‎ 圆周运动是曲线运动中最为典型的类型，在我们日常生活中最为常见，如汽车或火车转弯、摩天轮转动，旋转秋千、汽车过拱桥、飞机或飞鸟的盘旋等，上述情形均可作为命题背景考查圆周运动规律及应用。对于这类问题，要注意物体圆周运动所在的平面，注意物体的受力情况与速度大小的关系及临界情形的出现。‎ ‎2．质量为m的飞机以恒定速率v在空中水平盘旋，如图4－3－11所示，其做匀速圆周运动的半径为R，重力加速度为g，则此时空气对飞机的作用力大小为(　　)‎ 图4－3－11‎ A．m　　　　　　　　 B．mg C．m D．m 解析：选C　飞机在空中水平盘旋时在水平面内做匀速圆周运动，受到重力和空气的作用力两个力的作用，其合力提供向心力F向＝m。飞机受力情况如图所示，根据勾股定理得：F＝＝m。‎ 分析计算圆周运动问题时，常会遇到由重力和弹力(可以是支持力，也可以是绳子的拉力)的合力提供向心力，而在水平面上做匀速圆周运动的一类问题——圆锥摆运动。因此，掌握圆锥摆运动特征可以快速解决这一类圆周运动问题。‎ 下面为两个常用的圆锥摆运动规律：‎ ‎1．圆锥摆的向心加速度a＝gtan α 设摆球质量为m，摆线长为L，摆线与竖直方向夹角为α，由图可知，F合＝mgtan α 又F合＝ma向，‎ 故a向＝gtan α 可见摆球的向心加速度完全由α决定，与摆线长无关，即与运动的半径无关。‎ 图4－3－12‎ ‎2．圆锥摆的周期T＝2π 由F合＝m·Lsin α和F合＝mgtan α可推理得圆锥摆的周期T＝2π 设摆球圆周运动的平面到悬点的距离为h，则h＝Lcos α，‎ 故T＝2π 由此可见，圆锥摆的周期完全由悬点到运动平面的距离决定，与小球的质量、摆线长度无关。‎ ‎[典例]　如图4－3－13所示，一个内壁光滑的圆锥筒的轴线垂直于水平面，圆锥筒固定不动，有两个质量相同的小球A和B紧贴着内壁分别在图中所示的水平面内做匀速圆周运动，则下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ 图4－3－13‎ A．球A的线速度必定大于球B的线速度 B．球A的角速度必定大于球B的角速度 C．球A的运动周期必定小于球B的运动周期 D．球A对筒壁的压力必定大于球B对筒壁的压力 ‎[解析]　根据上述规律可知，此题中的A、B两小球实际上是具有相同的向心加速度，根据a＝＝Rω2＝可知，加速度相同时，半径越大，线速度越大，角速度越小，周期越大，即由RA>RB，可知vA>vB，ωA<ωB，TA>TB，则选项A正确，B、C错误。由于A、B质量相同，在相同的倾斜面上，则向心力相等，进一步可知两球所受的弹力相等，故可知选项D错误。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎[题后悟道]　比较两个圆周运动的各物理量之间关系时，实际上就是找出两个圆周运动之间存在的隐含的相同因素，然后用控制变量法即可判断各物理量的关系。而上述两类特殊规律正是反映了不同圆周运动之间的相同因素，是分析圆周运动问题经常遇到的类型，希望同学们能够掌握。若例题中两小球质量不相等，则上述运动量仍然符合规律，只是弹力和向心力发生变化而已，这是在分析问题时要注意的一个细节问题。‎ 长度不同的两根细绳悬于同一点，另一端各系一个质量相同的小球，使它们在同一水平面内做圆锥摆运动，如图4－3－14所示，则有关两个圆锥摆的物理量相同的是(　　)‎ 图4－3－14‎ A．周期　　　　　　 B．线速度的大小 C．向心力 D．绳的拉力 解析：选A　设O到小球所在水平面的距离为h，‎ 对球进行受力分析如图所示，得 F向＝F合＝mg·tan α＝m·h·tan α，‎ 解得T＝，故周期与α角无关，则选项A对，B、C错。又知F拉＝ ‎，故绳的拉力不同，选项D错。‎ ‎[随堂对点训练]‎ ‎1.(多选)(2013·宿迁模拟)荡秋千是儿童喜爱的一项体育运动，图4－3－15为小孩荡秋千运动到最高点的示意图，(不计空气阻力)下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ 图4－3－15‎ A．小孩运动到最高点时，小孩的合力为零 B．小孩从最高点运动到最低点过程中机械能守恒 C．小孩运动到最低点时处于失重状态 D．小孩运动到最低点时，小孩的重力和绳子拉力提供圆周运动的向心力 解析：选BD　小孩运动到最高点时，速度为零，受重力和拉力，合力不为零，方向沿着切线方向，故A错误；小孩从最高点运动到最低点过程中，受重力和拉力，拉力不做功，只有重力做功，机械能守恒，故B正确；小孩运动到最低点时，具有向心加速度，方向竖直向上，故小孩处于超重状态，故C错误；小孩运动到最低点时，小孩的重力和绳子的拉力的合力提供圆周运动的向心力，故D正确。‎ ‎2．(2014·廊坊模拟)如图4－3－16所示，光滑水平面上，小球m在拉力F作用下做匀速圆周运动。若小球运动到P点时，拉力F发生变化，关于小球运动情况的说法正确的是(　　)‎ 图4－3－16‎ A．若拉力突然消失，小于将沿轨迹Pa做离心运动 B．若拉力突然变小，小球将沿轨迹Pa做离心运动 C．若拉力突然变大，小球将沿轨迹Pb做离心运动 D．若拉力突然变小，小球将沿轨迹Pc运动 解析：选A　若拉力突然消失，小球将沿切线Pa做离心运动，A正确；若拉力突然变小，小球将沿Pb做离心运动，而拉力变大时，小球应沿Pc 做近心运动，故B、C、D均错误。‎ ‎3．(2013·上海高考)秋千的吊绳有些磨损，在摆动过程中，吊绳最容易断裂的时候是秋千(　　)‎ A．在下摆过程中　　　　　 B．在上摆过程中 C．摆到最高点时 D．摆到最低点时 解析：选D　当秋千摆到最低点时速度最大，由F－mg＝m知，吊绳中拉力F最大，吊绳最容易断裂，选项D正确。‎ ‎4．(2014·常州调研)如图4－3－17所示，地球可以看成一个巨大的拱形桥，桥面半径R＝6 ‎400 km，地面上行驶的汽车重力G＝3×104N，在汽车的速度可以达到需要的任意值，且汽车不离开地面的前提下，下列分析中正确的是(　　)‎ 图4－3－17‎ A．汽车的速度越大，则汽车对地面的压力也越大 B．不论汽车的行驶速度如何，驾驶员对座椅压力大小都等于3×104N C．不论汽车的行驶速度如何，驾驶员对座椅压力大小都小于他自身的重力 D．如果某时刻速度增大到使汽车对地面压力为零，则此时驾驶员会有超重的感觉 解析：选C　汽车的速度越大，则汽车对地面的压力越小，不论汽车的行驶速度如何，驾驶员对座椅压力大小都小于他自身的重力，选项C正确A、B错误；如果某时刻速度增大到使汽车对地面压力为零，则此时驾驶员会有完全失重的感觉，选项D错误。‎ ‎5．(2013·忻州一中检测)如图4－3－18两段长均为L的轻质线共同系住一个质量为m的小球，另一端分别固定在等高的A、B两点，A、B两点间距也为L，今使小球在竖直平面内做圆周运动，当小球到达最高点时速率为v，两段线中张力恰好均为零，若小球到达最高点时速率为2v，则此时每段线中张力大小为(　　)‎ 图4－3－18‎ A.mg B．2mg C．3mg D．4mg 解析：选A　当小球到达最高点时速率为v，两段线中张力恰好均为零，有mg＝m；当小球到达最高点时速率为2v，设每段线中张力大小为F，应有2Fcos 30°＋mg＝m；解得F＝mg，选项A正确。‎ ‎6．(2014·金华月考)如图4－3－19为某工厂生产流水线上水平传输装置的俯视图，它由传送带和转盘组成。物品从A处无初速放到传送带上，运动到B处后进入匀速转动的水平转盘，设物品进入转盘时速度大小不发生变化，此后随转盘一起运动(无相对滑动)到C处被取走装箱。已知A、B两处的距离L＝‎10 m，传送带的传输速度v＝‎2 m/s，物品在转盘上与轴O的距离R＝‎4 m，物品与传送带间的动摩擦因数μ＝0.25。取g＝‎10 m/s2。‎ 图4－3－19‎ ‎(1)物品从A处运动到B处的时间t；‎ ‎(2)质量为‎2 kg的物品随转盘一起运动的静摩擦力为多大？‎ 解析：(1)物品先在传送带上做初速度为零的匀加速直线运动；‎ a＝μg＝‎2.5 m/s2。‎ x1＝＝‎‎0.8 m t1＝＝0.8 s 之后，物品和传送带一起以速度v做匀速运动；‎ t2＝＝4.6 s 所以t＝t1＋t2＝5.4 s ‎(2)物品在转盘上所受的静摩擦力提供向心力 F＝m 解得F＝2 N 答案：(1)5.4 s　(2)2 N ‎[课时跟踪检测]‎ 一、单项选择题 ‎1．如图1所示，水平转台上放着一枚硬币，当转台匀速转动时，硬币没有滑动，关于这种情况下硬币的受力情况，下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ 图1‎ A．受重力和台面的支持力 B．受重力、台面的支持力和向心力 C．受重力、台面的支持力、向心力和静摩擦力 D．受重力、台面的支持力和静摩擦力 解析：选D　硬币随转台转动时，除受重力、支持力外，还受指向转轴的静摩擦力作用，故D正确。‎ ‎2．(2013·上海联考)如图2所示，一位同学做飞镖游戏，已知圆盘的直径为d，飞镖距圆盘为L，且对准圆盘上边缘的A点水平抛出，初速度为v0，飞镖抛出的同时，圆盘以垂直圆盘过盘心O的水平轴匀速转动，角速度为ω。若飞镖恰好击中A点，则下列关系正确的是(　　)‎ 图2‎ A．dv02＝L‎2g B．ωL＝π(1＋2n)v0，(n＝0,1,2,3，…)‎ C．v0＝ω D．dω2＝gπ2(1＋2n)2，(n＝0,1,2,3，…)‎ 解析：选B　飞镖水平方向做匀速直线运动，到圆盘的时间为t＝，此段时间内圆盘转过的角度为ωt＝π(1＋2n)，(n＝0,1,2,3，…)由以上两式可得：ωL＝π(1＋2n)v0，(n＝0,1,2,3，…)故B正确。‎ ‎3．(2014·皖南八校联考)2012年奥运会在英国伦敦举行，已知伦敦的地理位置是北纬52°，经度0°；而北京的地理位置是北纬40°，东经116°，则下列判断正确的是(　　)‎ A．随地球自转运动的线速度大小，伦敦奥运比赛场馆与北京奥运比赛场馆相同 B．随地球自转运动的线速度大小，伦敦奥运比赛场馆比北京奥运比赛场馆大 C．随地球自转运动的向心加速度大小，伦敦奥运比赛场馆比北京奥运比赛场馆小 D．站立在领奖台上的运动员，其随地球自转的向心加速度就是重力加速度 解析：选C　地面物体随地球绕地轴转动半径为r＝Rcos φ，φ是纬度，线速度v＝rω＝ωRcos φ，向心加速度a＝rω2＝ω2Rcos φ ‎。由于伦敦纬度高，半径小，因此有伦敦线速度小于北京，伦敦向心加速度小于北京，选项C正确，A、B错误。随地球自转的向心加速度是万有引力与地面支持力合力产生的，方向指向地轴，重力加速度是由重力产生的，方向竖直向下，选项D错误。‎ ‎4．如图3所示，在倾角为α＝30°的光滑斜面上，有一根长为L＝‎0.8 m的细绳，一端固定在O点，另一端系一质量为m＝‎0.2 kg的小球，小球沿斜面做圆周运动，若要小球能通过最高点A，则小球在最低点B的最小速度是(　　)‎ 图3‎ A．‎2 m/s　　　　　　　　 B．‎2 m/s C．‎2 m/s D．‎2 m/s 解析：选C　小球通过最高点的最小速度为vA＝＝‎2 m/s，在B点的最小速度vB满足mvB2＝mvA2＋2mgLsin α，解得vB＝‎2 m/s。‎ ‎5．(2014·江阴市青阳中学检测)如图4所示，长为L的轻杆，一端固定一个质量为m的小球，另一端固定在水平转轴O上，杆随转轴O在竖直平面内匀速转动，角速度为ω，某时刻杆对球的作用力恰好与杆垂直，则此时杆与水平面的夹角θ是(　　)‎ 图4‎ A．sin θ＝ B．tan θ＝ C．sin θ＝ D．tan θ＝ 解析：选A　对小球受力分析如图所示，杆对球的作用力和小球重力的合力一定沿杆指向O，合力大小为mLω2。由图中几何关系可得sinθ＝，选项A正确。‎ ‎6．(2013·江苏高考)如图5所示，“旋转秋千”中的两个座椅A、B质量相等，通过相同长度的缆绳悬挂在旋转圆盘上。不考虑空气阻力的影响，当旋转圆盘绕竖直的中心轴匀速转动时，下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ 图5‎ A．A的速度比B的大 B．A与B的向心加速度大小相等 C．悬挂A、B的缆绳与竖直方向的夹角相等 D．悬挂A的缆绳所受的拉力比悬挂B的小 解析：选D　A、B绕竖直轴匀速转动的角速度相等，即ωA＝ωB，但rAG C．FNc>G D．FNdG，A、C正确，B、D错误。‎ ‎9．(2014·资阳诊断)如图8所示，水平放置的两个用相同材料制成的轮P和Q靠摩擦传动，两轮的半径R∶r＝2∶1。当主动轮Q匀速转动时，在Q轮边缘上放置的小木块恰能相对静止在Q轮边缘上，此时Q轮转动的角速度为ω1，木块的向心加速度为a1，若改变转速，把小木块放在P轮边缘也恰能静止，此时Q轮转动的角速度为ω2，木块的向心加速度为a2，则(　　)‎ 图8‎ A.＝ B.＝ C.＝ D.＝ 解析：选AC　根据题述，a1＝ω12r，ma1＝μmg；联立解得μg＝ω12r。小木块放在P轮边缘也恰能静止，μg＝ω2R＝2ω2r。由ωR＝ω2r联立解得＝，选项A正确B错误；ma＝μmg，所以＝，选项C正确D错误。‎ ‎10．(2013·湖州联考)如图9甲所示，轻杆一端固定在O点，另一端固定一小球，现让小球在竖直平面内做半径为R的圆周运动。小球运动到最高点时，杆与小球间弹力大小为F，小球在最高点的速度大小为v，其F－v2图像如乙图所示。则(　　)‎ 图9‎ A．小球的质量为 B．当地的重力加速度大小为 C．v2＝c时，小球对杆的弹力方向向上 D．v2＝2b时，小球受到的弹力与重力大小相等 解析：选ACD　当弹力F方向向下时，F＋mg＝mv2/R，解得F＝v2－mg，‎ 当弹力F方向向上时，mg－F＝m，解得F＝mg－m，‎ 对比F－v2图像可知，b＝gR，a＝mg，联立解得：g＝，m＝。选项A正确B错误；v2＝c时，小球对杆的弹力方向向上，选项C正确；v2＝2b时，小球受到的弹力与重力大小相等，选项D正确。‎ 三、非选择题 ‎11．(2014·昆山质检)游乐园的小型“摩天轮”上对称站着质量均为m的8位同学，如图10所示，“摩天轮”在竖直平面内逆时针匀速转动，若某时刻转到顶点a上的甲同学让一小重物做自由落体运动，并立即通知下面的同学接住，结果重物掉落时正处在c处(如图)的乙同学恰好在第一次到达最低点b处接到，已知“摩天轮”半径为R，重力加速度为g，(不计人和吊篮的大小及重物的质量)。求：‎ 图10‎ ‎(1)接住前重物下落运动的时间t ‎(2)人和吊篮随“摩天轮”运动的线速度大小v ‎(3)乙同学在最低点处对地板的压力FN 解析：(1)由2R＝gt2，解得t＝2 。‎ ‎(2)v＝，s＝，‎ 联立解得：v＝π。‎ ‎(3)由牛顿第二定律，F－mg＝m，‎ 解得F＝mg。‎ 由牛顿第三定律可知，乙同学在最低点处对地板的压力大小为F′＝mg，方向竖直向下。‎ 答案：(1)2 　(2)π　(3)mg，方向竖直向下 ‎12．(2014·惠安月考)地面上有一个半径为R的圆形跑道，高为h的平台边缘上的P点在地面上P′点的正上方，P′与跑道圆心O的距离为L(L>R)，如图11所示。跑道上停有一辆小车，现从P点水平抛出小沙袋，使其落入小车中(沙袋所受空气阻力不计)。问：‎ ‎(1)当小车分别位于A点和B点时(∠AOB＝90°)，沙袋被抛出时的初速度各为多大？‎ ‎(2)若小车在跑道上运动，则沙袋被抛出时的初速度在什么范围内？‎ ‎(3)若小车沿跑道顺时针运动，当小车恰好经过A点时，将沙袋抛出，为使沙袋能在B处落入小车中，小车的速率v应满足什么条件？‎ 图11‎ 解析：(1)沙袋从P点被抛出后做平抛运动，设它的落地时间为t，‎ 则h＝gt2，解得t＝ 当小车位于A点时，有xA＝vAt＝L－R 可得vA＝(L－R) 当小车位于B点时，有xB＝vBt＝ 可得vB＝ ‎(2)若小车在跑道上运动，要使沙袋落入小车，最小的抛出速度为 v0min＝vA＝(L－R) 若当小车经过C点时沙袋刚好落入，抛出时的初速度最大，有xC＝v0maxt＝L＋R 可得v0max＝(L＋R) 所以沙袋被抛出时的初速度范围为 ‎(L－R) ≤v0≤(L＋R) ‎(3)要使沙袋能在B处落入小车中，小车运动的时间应与沙袋下落的时间相同 tAB＝(n＝0,1,2,3，…)‎ tAB＝t＝ 得v＝ (n＝0,1,2,3，…)‎ 答案：(1)(L－R) 　 ‎(2)(L－R) ≤v0≤(L＋R) ‎(3) (n＝0,1,2,3，…)‎ 第4节万有引力与航天 万有引力定律 ‎[想一想]‎ ‎(1)开普勒行星运动定律不仅适用于行星绕太阳运动，也适用于卫星绕地球运动，若一颗卫星绕地球做椭圆轨道运动，则它在近地点和远地点的速度大小关系如何？‎ 提示：由于卫星与地球的连线在单位时间内扫过的面积相等，故卫星在近地点的速度大于在远地点的速度。‎ ‎(2)万有引力定律的适用条件是什么？若考虑地球自转，重力等于万有引力吗？若地球自转角速度突然增大，那么仍能静止在赤道海面上的轮船受到的海水浮力如何变化？‎ 提示：万有引力定律的适用条件是两个质点，考虑地球自转，物体所受重力仅是万有引力的一个分力，且随地球纬度的增大而增大，由－F浮＝mω2R，若地球自转角速度增大，海水对轮船的浮力将变小。‎ ‎[记一记]‎ ‎1．开普勒行星运动定律 ‎(1)开普勒第一定律：所有行星绕太阳运动的轨道都是椭圆，太阳处在椭圆的一个焦点上。‎ ‎(2)开普勒第二定律：对任意一个行星来说，它与太阳的连线在相等的时间内扫过相等的面积。‎ ‎(3)开普勒第三定律：所有行星的轨道的半长轴的三次方跟它的公转周期的二次方的比值都相等，表达式：＝k。‎ ‎2．万有引力定律 ‎(1)公式：F＝G，其中G＝6.67×10－11N·m2/kg2，叫引力常量。‎ ‎(2)公式适用条件：此公式适用于质点间的相互作用。当两物体间的距离远远大于物体本身的大小时，物体可视为质点。均匀的球体可视为质点，r是两球心间的距离。一个均匀球体与球外一个质点间的万有引力也适用，其中r为球心到质点间的距离。‎ ‎——————————————————————————————————————‎ 物理学史链接…………………………………………………………………背背就能捞分 ‎(1)德国天文学家开普勒提出天体运动的开普勒三大定律。‎ ‎(2)牛顿总结了前人的科研成果，在此基础上，经过研究得出了万有引力定律。‎ ‎(3)英国物理学家卡文迪许利用扭秤实验装置比较准确地测出了引力常量。‎ ‎—————————————————————————————————————— ‎ ‎[试一试]‎ ‎1．一名宇航员来到一个星球上，如果该星球的质量是地球质量的一半，它的直径也是地球直径的一半，那么这名宇航员在该星球上所受的万有引力大小是它在地球上所受万有引力的(　　)‎ A．0.25倍　　　　　　　　　　 B．0.5倍 C．2.0倍 D．4.0倍 解析：选C　由F引＝＝＝＝‎2F地，故C项正确。‎ 卫星运行规律及宇宙速度 ‎[想一想]　‎ 在地球周围飞行着许多人造地球卫星，由于用途不同，它们的运行轨道也不相同，请思考以下问题：‎ ‎(1)若各卫星的轨道均为圆形轨道，这些轨道有什么共同点。‎ 提示：各圆形轨道的圆心均为地球的球心。‎ ‎(2)各圆形轨道卫星的飞行速度是不同的，卫星离地面越近，其飞行速度越大还是越小，‎ 它们的最大速度是多少？‎ 提示：离地面越近的卫星，飞行速度越大，卫星沿圆形轨道运行的最大速度为‎7.9 km/s，也就是第一宇宙速度。‎ ‎[记一记]‎ ‎1．地球同步卫星的特点 ‎(1)轨道平面一定：轨道平面和赤道平面重合。‎ ‎(2)周期一定：与地球自转周期相同，即T＝24 h＝86 400 s。‎ ‎(3)角速度一定：与地球自转的角速度相同。‎ ‎(4)高度一定：据G＝mr得r＝＝4.24×‎104 km，卫星离地面高度h＝r－R≈6R(为恒量)。‎ ‎(5)速率一定：运动速度v＝2πr/T＝‎3.07 km/s(为恒量)。‎ ‎(6)绕行方向一定：与地球自转的方向一致。‎ ‎2．极地卫星和近地卫星 ‎(1)极地卫星运行时每圈都经过南北两极，由于地球自转，极地卫星可以实现全球覆盖。‎ ‎(2)近地卫星是在地球表面附近环绕地球做匀速圆周运动的卫星，其运行的轨道半径可近似认为等于地球的半径，其运行线速度约为‎7.9 km/s。‎ ‎(3)两种卫星的轨道平面一定通过地球的球心。‎ ‎3．三种宇宙速度比较 宇宙速度 数值(km/s)‎ 意义 第一宇 宙速度 ‎7.9‎ 这是卫星绕地球做圆周运动的最小发射速度，若‎7.9 km/s≤v＜‎11.2 km/s，物体绕地球运行(环绕速度)‎ 第二宇 宙速度 ‎11.2‎ 这是物体挣脱地球引力束缚的最小发射速度，若‎11.2 km/s≤v＜‎16.7 km/s，物体绕太阳运行(脱离速度)‎ 第三宇 宙速度 ‎16.7‎ 这是物体挣脱太阳引力束缚的最小发射速度，若v≥‎16.7 km/s，物体将脱离太阳引力束缚在宇宙空间运行(逃逸速度)‎ ‎[试一试]‎ ‎2．(2013·安徽师大摸底)北斗卫星导航系统是我国自行研制开发的区域性三维卫星定位与通信系统(CNSS)，建成后的北斗卫星导航系统包括5颗同步卫星和30颗一般轨道卫星。对于其中的5颗同步卫星，下列说法中正确的是(　　)‎ A．它们运行的线速度一定不小于‎7.9 km/s B．地球对它们的吸引力一定相同 C．一定位于赤道上空同一轨道上 D．它们运行的加速度一定相同 解析：选C　同步卫星运行的线速度一定小于‎7.9 km/s，选项A错误；由于5颗同步卫星的质量不一定相等，所以地球对它们的吸引力不一定相同，选项B错误；5颗同步卫星一定位于赤道上空同一轨道上，它们运行的加速度大小一定相等，方向不相同，选项C正确D错误。‎ 经典时空观和相对论时空观 ‎[记一记]‎ ‎1．经典时空观 ‎(1)在经典力学中，物体的质量是不随速度的改变而改变的。‎ ‎(2)在经典力学中，同一物理过程发生的位移和对应时间的测量结果在不同的参考系中是相同的。‎ ‎2．相对论时空观 同一过程的位移和时间的测量与参考系有关，在不同的参考系中不同。‎ ‎3．经典力学有它的适用范围 只适用于低速运动，不适用于高速运动；只适用于宏观世界，不适用于微观世界。‎ ‎[试一试]‎ ‎3．下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ A．牛顿运动定律就是经典力学 B．经典力学的基础是牛顿运动定律 C．牛顿运动定律可以解决自然界中所有的问题 D．经典力学可以解决自然界中所有的问题 解析：B　经典力学并不等于牛顿运动定律，牛顿运动定律只是经典力学的基础，经典力学并非万能，也有其适用范围，并不能解决自然界中所有的问题，没有哪个理论可以解决自然界中所有的问题。因此只有搞清牛顿运动定律和经典力学的隶属关系，明确经典力学的适用范围，才能正确解决此类问题。‎ 考点一天体质量和密度的估算 ‎[例1]　(多选)(2014·滨海五校联考)若宇航员在月球表面附近自高h处以初速度v0水平抛出一个小球，测出小球的水平射程为L。已知月球半径为R，万有引力常量为G。则下列说法正确的是(　　)‎ A．月球表面的重力加速度g月＝ B．月球的质量m月＝ C．月球的第一宇宙速度v＝ D．月球的平均密度ρ＝ ‎[解析]　选ABC　根据平抛运动规律，L＝v0t，h＝g月t2，联立解得g月＝，选项A正确；由mg月＝G解得m月＝，选项B正确；由mg月＝m解得v＝，选项C正确；月球的平均密度ρ＝＝，选项D错误。‎ ‎[例2]　(2013·大纲版全国卷)“嫦娥一号”是我国首次发射的探月卫星，它在距月球表面高度为‎200 km的圆形轨道上运行，运行周期为127分钟。已知引力常量G＝6.67×10－11 N·m2/kg2，月球半径约为1.74×‎103 km。利用以上数据估算月球的质量约为(　　)‎ A．8.1×‎1010 kg　　　　　 B．7.4×‎‎1013 kg C．5.4×‎1019 kg D．7.4×‎‎1022 kg ‎[解析]　选D　设探月卫星的质量为m，月球的质量为M，根据万有引力提供向心力G＝m2(R＋h)，将h＝200 ‎000 m，T＝127×60 s，G＝6.67×10－11 N·m2/kg2，R＝1.74×‎106 m，代入上式解得M＝7.4×‎1022 kg，可知D选项正确。‎ 天体质量及密度的估算方法 考点二人造卫星的运行问题 ‎1．一种模型 无论自然天体(如地球、月亮)还是人造天体(如宇宙飞船、人造卫星)都可以看做质点，围绕中心天体(视为静止)做匀速圆周运动。‎ ‎2．两条思路 ‎(1)万有引力提供向心力即G＝ma。‎ ‎(2)天体对其表面的物体的万有引力近似等于重力，即＝mg或gR2＝GM(R、g分别是天体的半径、表面重力加速度)，公式gR2＝GM应用广泛，被称为“黄金代换”。‎ ‎3．三个物体 求解卫星运行问题时，一定要认清三个物体(赤道上的物体、近地卫星、同步卫星)之间的关系。‎ 比较内容 赤道表面的物体 近地卫星 同步卫星 向心力来源 万有引力的分力 万有引力 向心力方向 指向地心 重力与万有引力的关系 重力略小于万有引力 重力等于万有引力 线速度 v1＝ω1R v2＝ v3＝ω3(R＋h)＝ v1T乙，ω甲<ω乙，v甲 and < rule >, lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management ‎, strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the < code > and < rule > is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline ‎ and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with < > and < >. To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of "concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing" three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the < code > as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to implement < >, do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out to be a good thing,‎ ‎ but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around ‎ the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Don't always take everything back to things, and don't get into a blind alley, don't want to face, don't be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, I'm afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell don't 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand.‎ ‎ Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,‎ Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open one's mouth, because words will reduce its importance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good things, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also don't envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, ma'am, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, don't envy him A sum of,‎ ‎ don't lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also can't let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink? 6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the other side scenery is beautiful. To ‎ you is not good, you do not mind too much, no one has an obligation to you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you treat people, does not represent how others treat you, if cannot see through this point, only inviting worry. 18, time is like a sponge in the water, as long as you are willing to squeeze, the total water is still there. Every life, after the ups and downs The best test of live, to life, survival and continuation, do not stop the struggle in the joys and sorrows of life on the road, so that different soul to bear life beat, acceptance of suffering. 19, indifferent to heart, calmly in table, elegant and comfortable life, do not take what is so important. The pursuit will be disappointed; to be alive, you will have trouble. Life is the most afraid of what all want to care about, but also what all grasp is not firm, without scenery, separated populations, such as not to desire, all docked in the fate of the end. Why is too rigid, the natural, to go stay not to live, let go of obsession, revel is 20, if the fate of the broken Hopes of sailing, please don't despair, the coast is still, if the fate of the withered petals of the beautiful, please do not sink, the spring is still,‎ ‎ life will always be endless trouble, please don't helpless, because they are still alive, is still a dream, the sun still, we still. Lost, keep memories; to get, must work to; but the most important is good to cherish their own. 21, life, select the complex, is to choose the pain; choose a simple, is choose to be happy. The complex world like a Significance of pride. Hope is the ornate palace, outside people admiring the magnificent, living in the deep knowledge of living it to pay the price. Simple world as a simple log cabin outside ridiculed shabby, the heart is willing to go live to know the joy. Suffering and joy is their own choice. 22, learn how to use a single powerful heart, let the past be the past, let the future come. Life is really the end of the end of an eagle is flying wings, life is constantly pursuit. Don't miss to regret, don't wait for old just miss. Time to return, seize every moment, again painstakingly again tired also Those struggling to fly. 23, life could not Yimapingchuan, even flat pavement, inevitably there will be a few pieces of roadblocks. Some of the rocks around the past, while others have to move it out. Just move others put the stone is very easy, because the stone from the appearance we can discern; difficult to ‎ myself to move away the heart of stone head. Leave time to spend with her, often reflect my heart, so as to remove your heart of stone. 24, everything does not have to be demanding, come to, everything does not have to care about, over the past; failing to do not frown, laugh it laugh. Results Don't demand, do to; life is a simple, calm and peaceful. Always not to choose their own path and regret, life is like a train, the scenery and then the United States will retreat, the passage of time and encounter will eventually drifting further and further away, before is always himself. 25, everyone has a weakness, weakness is true humanity. That has no weakness, a shallow person. That people think there is no weakness, mostly false. Life has shortcomings, there are shortcomings is the real life. That no one regret, or childish or numbness or Self deception. It is in tolerance of weakness and so on to accept, people live happily.‎ Hello, everyone! I am a party member. The title of my speech is: < study and implement the party's two laws, doing practical play highway. 2015 October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China promulgated the ‎ implementation of the < the probity of the Communist Party of China self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and punishment regulations. We Heyuan male passers-by to respond positively to the call of the Central Committee of the party, earnestly organize the study "party two regulations", truly grasp the essence and gist, and in their respective positions, to hold the bottom line of the discipline, build a strong ideological line of defense, with the courage to play, the courage to fight tough and fearless spirit, at the crucial moment well to complete the task, with practical action to test the study and implement effect Because of discipline in the * * * * * * * * * * * story. Here, let me to cast a brick to attract jade, speak about our highway. Highway line section of the road surface transformation project, last year "towards the country seized" will be seized one of the items. To complete this arduous task, as a project management office director Comrade, keep in mind from the Communist Party membership, recognize and identify the "bottom line", strict management, and strict adherence to the quality of the project. He not only set an example, honesty and self-discipline, but also requires the management of all ‎ the members of the O.K., do not eat the construction unit one meal, do not accept the construction unit a ceremony. In this way, they didn't really dare to adhere to the principle. No comrade, constantly put on reworking an emergency meeting to Comrade Zhen to speak louder, management tube too strict. Remember in Dongguan Street, 400 meters long cement concrete surface layer, because of various reasons, the smoothness of the poor in the bottom cavity, covering film traces and car imprinting quality problems, * * * inquiries, immediately rushed to the scene to understand and verify the situation, the convening of the management office, the construction units, supervision units, construction units, construction units construction time is tight, the economic loss and other reasons to intercede ******** unmoved. He said, "now a popular word, to the discipline and rules quite in front, there are no rules Radius, you construction team not accordance with the technical specifications, quality problems, it must be to carry out rectification. Engineering quality responsibility be weightier than Mount Tai, if we manage to this matter Pavement quality quantity are placed the matter, we this time to learn two regulations have what use? Still what is ‎ the Communist Party? "Finally, in his insisted, the road after rework, to solve these problems. In the construction of the new comrades and the project all the colleagues efforts, after four months of fighting, the project the main project was finally completed and passed inspection. Thousands of miles of ice, thousands of miles Piao, this is a splendid and romantic scene. But snow for the highway, it is a disaster, a serious threat to the traffic safety. This year, a month, a century of cold wave swept from North to south, and the snow blowing to Guangdong, but also to bear the blow To * * * * the highway. In January on the evening of 23, Lianping county city temperatures dropped to minus 2 degrees, a wide range of sudden rain sleet, before and after the provincial S341 line in Jiulianshan Mountain tunnel sections of the road appeared in the snow, lead to the passing vehicles skid, traffic is blocked. In the face of the sudden natural disasters, city and county highway department immediately launched the emergency plan for disaster prevention. As the front line of the main force, Lianping Highway Bureau of all Party members and cadres to remember the Party member responsibility, braving the biting cold wind, the first time rushed to the scene, on ‎ the icy pavement of salt disposal. Because the temperature is too low, just melt water immediately freezes, addition to the ice work to increase the difficulty. To ensure In addition to the re organization of the depths of the traffic safety, road people braved the icy put reflective cones and warning signs, endure cold at minus 2,3 of Jiulianshan patrols until one in the morning. Just before dawn, Lianping Highway Bureau personnel on the icy road salt ice melting processing until ten o'clock, ice melting ice success, the road gradually returned to normal traffic. In the cold winter night, which people do not miss the warm bed, which people do not miss the warm home. However, our highway on the road to the owners of the masses can go home early, the night fighting to secure the avoidance of the road safety and smoothness, fulfill their responsibility. Xi General Secretary Every Party member cadre cautioned against said: blacksmith needs self hard "." two regulations ", is our own hard standard test, more exercise every party members and cadres of the fire. We should continue to strengthen the party two regulations, conscientiously in practical work, practical play road, the road for the development of the cause of Heyuan and ‎ struggle.‎ In the industry domain report the situation of road traffic in recent years, in the province highway departments of the concern and support, our bureau management department based on the job, loyalty duty, best service, to further promote the highway management standardization, legal, scientific and information technology to improve the management level and service quality. This will be my last work is as follows: first, around the center, go all out to greet the seizure in 2015, "meet national examination" is my bureau work. As the highway management department, we focus on the work of the center to strengthen road renovation and management as the focal point, further optimize the service environment, improve service levels. Inspection, the inspection group and the Ministry of transport, the Bureau under the leadership of the ministries and agencies highly evaluated and fully affirmed. (a) increase road area remediation efforts. The programme of work, strengthen the organization and leadership. The timely development of the city of <*** common trunk highway area environment remediation plan >,‎ ‎ along the road signs and markings, traffic safety facilities, on both sides of the green, advertising signs, control area illegal construction and implementation of remediation tasks to the relevant departments, clear work time of the node to ensure rectification work timely. Set up road area special rectification work leading group, implement a bureau, the Bureau of the county (District), the project road site domain environment comprehensive improvement Mechanism. To ensure that the work carried out smoothly, the bureau also organized the city road managers participated in the regulation of road region and the relevant laws and regulations of the special training. 2. Active butt joint is reported, actively strive for the support of. Local Party committee and government support is the job As a magic weapon, I am one of the Bureau of the principal leaders repeatedly attack inspection "remediation and road area to the principal leaders of the municipal report. * * *, the Secretary of municipal Party committee, mayor * *, * * *, vice mayor of many times the rate of the relevant departments directly under the responsible person in-depth National Highway G105 line, G205 line, provincial ‎ S341 line and the other highway project site, on-site office, coordination solve engineering construction and environmental comprehensive renovation in the presence of difficulties and problems. Last year, national highway along the county (District) government led organizations deploy traffic, urban management, public security, land, environmental protection, industry and commerce, highways and other related departments, to carry out to dismantle illegal construction and ground structures, cleaning up illegal standard Records label "as the main content of the road domain integrated environmental remediation activities and achieved good results. 3. Pay attention to comprehensive management, improve the effectiveness of remediation. Road construction control management has been strengthened. According to the relevant provisions of the laws and regulations of the < Highway Law > and < highway safety regulations for the protection of > and so on, county * *, * * County People's Government on highway construction control area were delineated and issue a public notice, * * County People's government also approved by the executive meeting of the government through discussion, implementation of road boundary markers of 73‎ ‎ million yuan of special funds input, stake setting. According to statistics, last year the city has erected building control zone peg 820, construction control area boundary markers 815 . the second is highway greening and beautification work enhance the road area remediation effectiveness. Will highway greening and beautification work as road area remediation of a key, invite garden experts to guide the design of green, the implementation of high standards for ecological landscape highway activities to create, five years, I board greening mileage of more than 900 kilometers, appropriate road greening greening rate of 100%, effectively enhance the city road greening level and grade, adds a sharp scenery line for **********. Third, rectification of illegal construction and occupation of the road has been checked. By through the town, crossing the road on many occasions to carry out concentrated rectification actions, to clear the remnants of the wall, broken Archives of highways in strict accordance with the wall of building structures and the illegal deposits, remediation along the Jeeves, Jeeves placed advertisements and vehicle maintenance, car washing and other acts, standardize and purification on both sides of the highway ‎ billboards and other non road signs, I city of national and provincial highway basic elimination of the "dirty, chaotic, poor, blocking phenomenon, highway traffic environment purification, landscaping. (2) to strengthen the management on the basic data management. The level of the archives management regulations, formulate the < file management system >, the establishment of the road, the implementation of the file manager, file collection, filing, sorting, filing, confidentiality, custody, borrow, identification pin Destroy the standardization. 2, standardized management, enhance service image (a) evaluation system to further improve in order to strengthen and standardize guidance and assessment of each county (area) bureau of highways management work, the Bureau developed a <*** City Highway Bureau highways management assessment implementation measures (Trial). To regularly check for half a year, year-end assessment and irregular random sampling combined, taking the spot road inspections, sampling sections, listening to the reports, archives data check, for each county (area) bureau of highways management work implementation of the special assessment. According to the annual comprehensive assessment appraisal score results,‎ ‎ evaluation of outstanding, excellent compliance and Not up to the standard of four grades. And in accordance with the level of assessment, the award on behalf of dial highway management funds. Total score is above 95%, is excellent, 10 million yuan reward; total score of 90 - 94 for excellent, 8 million yuan reward; for the total score of 80 - 89 points for standard, reward 50000 yuan. On the total score is less than 79 points for non-compliance unit, circulate a notice of criticism. (II) Sheung inspection work to further standardize a is in place to ensure the inspection. National and provincial trunk highway patrol monthly not less than 20 days, State Road a week of not less than 3 times, dart a week of not less than 2 times. The second is to explore and promote the electronic patrol monitoring.‎ City highway patrol vehicles are installed on the highway patrol vehicle monitoring system; highway law enforcement personnel are equipped with a recorder for law enforcement, on the process of supervision and law enforcement to ensure evidence has played an effective role. The third is unified and standardized inspection ledger records, inspection equipment use and management of the ‎ electronic Patrol information storage utilization. The fourth is the establishment of highway maintenance and inspections mechanism. The city's 19 country and provincial trunk highway maintenance center equipped with the CPPCC keeper, and to develop a road of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference tube member responsibilities. According to statistics, in 2015 (on the road. Day.... Stop the road mileage, 17 cases; clean up debris on both sides of the road 20 , demolition billboard 30, demolition chaotic scaffolding house 3, clean Lane Hawking 15.) (3) road permit work to further strengthen the implementation of administrative licensing system, strengthen the supervision and administration of the licensing. Strict implementation of the < Guangdong Province highways license implementation measures >. According to the provisions of the road approval procedures and processes to carry out road license, do according to the law, the license in accordance with the law, shall be subject to examination and approval of the. Implement the collective examination and approval, to strengthen supervision. Highways and approval of business implementation of technical review of administrative ‎ approval and separation, the audit focused on the more complex involved in the road licensing matters, collective decision-making, to improve the scientific nature of the road administrative examination and approval, reduce approval corruption risks. Second is to promote the In administrative permission of information technology to improve service quality. According to the <*** Provincial People's Government Office on Issuing 2014 improve and expand the spirit of the relevant documents of the online business hall of program of work notice > and ministries and provincial and municipal government, I realized the butt of Guangdong Province highway information network and provincial network business hall * * * branch office highways licensing examination and approval work. Simplify the licensing process, and strengthen the office system, optimize the quality of service. (4) image of the team to further enhance a is grasp Windows image.2015 years, my bureau highways licensing in the city administrative service center settings window service. According to the <** provincial highway The provisions of the administrative licensing service window management way > and < on regulating the content of the public notice >, I Bureau for ‎ damaged highway capacity compensation standard, occupied by highway repair (lost) compensation expenses standards, in accordance with the law of administrative licensing items, the communications administrative license implementation procedures into the line on the wall publicity, in the service window is equipped with all kinds of application fill in sample, administrative licensing service guide brochure, in a conspicuous place public commitment to the system and advisory telephone complaints, for the masses provides warm and thoughtful service. Second is to grasp the "Four Unifications" working in the city's highway law enforcement image. According to the Ministry of transport < to strengthen transportation administrative law enforcement image construction guidance Scheme > and the ministries of the Provincial Bureau of the relevant documents, I board in front of the June 2015 completed the identification of law enforcement, law enforcement station appearance, clothing of law enforcement, law enforcement documents "four unification". (5) the AILU nursing atmosphere further formation of my bureau attaches great importance to the propaganda work of highway management "road awareness month" into <*** City Highway Bureau 2015 road ‎ administration work points. One is around the "norms of law enforcement, improve the service" theme "road awareness month" activities carried out. According to statistics, the city's highway system were deployed highways propaganda car 60 times, staff of highways 152 people, set point consulting 6, issued and publicity Data of 8000, hanging banners 134; broadcast 60 hours / 20, update 7 inch high rod making permanent propaganda page 4; in <*** Daily > 7th edition published < highway laws and regulations publicity content >, purchased and distributed < the people's Republic of China Highway Law >, < highway Ann Quanbao supporting regulations > legal text, a total of 500 this. The second is to carry out "12.4" national legal advocacy day activities, the city road officers go deep among the masses interpretation of highway Highways Management laws, regulations and policy advocacy, analysis for illegal construction at both sides of the road, a typical case of illegal advertising management, showing public road construction and maintenance of highways The actual results of the management, the masses love protection consciousness and social awareness to further enhance the enforcement of highways.‎ In recent years, I board in the highway management work were some beneficial explorations and the attempt, and achieved initial results, but there is still a certain gap compared with requirements of the Provincial Bureau and other brothers City, we will to implement the party's spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the opportunity, and further increase the intensity of road management work, and constantly improve the overall quality of the workforce and the ability to learn, and strive to achieve the new highway across.‎ Today the topic of democratic life will I talk about the main to correctly treat leave turn ensure transition delicate gas is understanding, to carry out criticism and self-criticism, in-depth to find problems, profound analysis of the causes, through self analysis to find their own existence problem, to correctly understand their own, strengthen the party spirit training, to ensure that the election of smoothly and successfully completed. Below I talk about their own situation, please put forward valuable opinion. Main understanding (a) serious discipline, to create a delicate gas is in the general environment in ‎ accordance with the Central Commission for discipline inspection organs, < of Organization Department of CPC Central Committee on strengthening the election of the notice of customs supervision >, municipal < on doing a good job City Township leadership transition in the notification > and county Party Committee Organization Department of the county Party Committee Organization Department < on the convening of the correct treatment leave turn ensure transition Fengqing gas is a feature of democratic life notice > files related to the spirit of the requirements, earnestly implement the "nine is prohibited, nine shall be" the solemn discipline, I earnestly study the < Chinese Communist Party principle of honesty and self-discipline >. < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations >, < promote leading cadre of some regulations >, < party and government leading cadres selection and appointment Regulations > and file, and a profound understanding of the nine is prohibited, a nine law "discipline essence and firmly safeguard the election of serious Ensure the unhealthy tendencies have successfully completed, and actively create a delicate gas is the election of environment, to ensure that the election, so as ‎ to further strengthen the town leadership and cadre team construction. Through the study, in-depth thinking, to a serious discipline the importance and necessity of a more profound understanding. First, it is the iron discipline. The central put forward the "nine is prohibited, nine shall be the reason for early serious general discipline, designated" high-voltage wire, "itself reflects the party committees at all levels of the reelection of attaches great importance to the objective is bright resolute attitude, the implementation of effective measures, the same candidate to fight with discipline election of wind Discipline in gas is health. Secondly, this is prevenient. From some typical cases, we can see that individual cadres election to engage in speculative hack canvassing votes, in violation of discipline, and ultimately paid a high price. The destruction of Hengyang election case and Nanchong canvassing bribery case that strengthen election discipline, serious election discipline of necessity and importance. The discipline of publicity to the public, wide report, that is, early warning, early hit precautionary needle, tell the cadres should do what shouldn't do, what to do and what not to do, and better education of cadres, warning ‎ cadres, and build a strong line of defense, to avoid the occurrence of similar problems. There is duty. Serious discipline, with a strong team is an important starting point. As the leadership of the party members and cadres, take the lead in the implementation and take the lead in upholding the election of discipline, which is a major political responsibility. Must be clear requirements, strict constraints themselves, cherish the honor, safeguard the image of the organization; promote righteousness, play an exemplary role. Especially as deputy Township, but also to give a full play to its role, always stand in the discipline of first-line maintenance. The wind Su Ji through the election of the work of the whole process. (II) serious discipline, treat correctly leave turn as a cadre of the party, whether it is in, is back, stay, turn are organization Metabolism of entrepreneurial career, need and development need. So, his first with a broad mind to treat "leave turn". The position is officer positions, power for the people service tools. Different positions of the party's cause, plays a decisive role, the same important. To ability strong, style of comrade to important positions ‎ and applause, is full of vigor and vitality and promising young cadres in leadership and cheer for their own "leave turn" and calmly face, calm place. Second is to a healthy state of mind to treat "leave turn". The personnel of metabolic, between the past and the present. Cadre new old alternant, team, push In the party constitution control strict working to career development objective need, is never the end of the historical process. Each a cadre must face up to the laws of nature to think we also took the former relay baton "go on leadership post, regardless of the current positions, positions and responsibilities have what change, can do for peace of mind and mood, such as water, in a happy mood. (3) carefully and find out the problem, correct understanding of themselves, even though they do conscientious, serious attitude, honesty in politics, but high standard < >, the control standard, especially control learning, striving for excellent activities emerge in large numbers of advanced characters, advanced deeds Static not consciously practice the "strict three real" and strengthen the party spirit accomplishment to find the gap, swing is insufficient, a clear direction, mainly manifested in the following aspects: one is the ‎ learning initiative and self-consciousness. Often busy with work as an excuse, not consciously take the initiative to spare time to learn. Is often superior to learn what to learn what, and work closely to learn, and working relationship is not less to learn. Mainly manifested in the theoretical study is not thorough, system is not thorough, the Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and "Three Represents" important thought, the scientific concept of development and learning, general secretary of the series of speech learning, just from the surface on learning In the less less less and not deep enough, not from the deeper study, to study, to understand, to sentiment, to use, to guide the work. The second is to investigate the research. This year their participation in the county, the county government's important meeting, the town Party work time is more, coupled with the specific affairs busy, in-depth primary research time reduced. The inspection was carried out research activities, there are surface examination, thematic research, listen to reports and discussion research, the general requirements and specific guidance, in a certain extent, affected the timely discovery and solve. Third is the level of leadership,‎ ‎ leadership and need to be further improved. Stroke the personnel selection is positive, work coordination and cooperation can't to the best effect; in the coordination to deal with some complex problems, the approach is not enough. Especially encountered, time is tight, the task is heavy, is often the soldiers to be blocked, the water to soil cover, struggling to cope with. The global and forward-looking innovation is not enough. (4) to ensure that the transition delicate gas selected loyal to the party loyal to the people of leading cadres (recommended) for the county to provide accurate information to ensure the transition in the air, after the general election of work have a greater change. The second is balanced, promote the work in an orderly manner. In the future a period of time, the transition will be in the county under the leadership of the Extended surface. And breeding industry and the construction of key projects also in actively, they have to seriously consider, overall transition and key projects to promote. Education team members and the town, village cadres actively participate in industry cultivate the work, with outstanding achievements to accept the assessment of test of the organization and the masses of ‎ the people, in the town set up promising is a strong general business and the right atmosphere general election, do election and projects to promote the two not mistake, the promotion of two. Second, the rectification measures One is to enhance learning, awareness raising, he will continue to strengthen learning, improve the level of awareness, their own unity of thought and action to the county, township party committee of arrangements for the election. The second is correctly, strengthen discipline, own the right of transition, a matter of personal leave turn, as a town, deputy secretary of Party committee, themselves are fully aware of the only serious work, strict demands on themselves in order to not negative expectations of organizations and the masses, so that individuals can well deal with good transition in personal leave turn. Three people on the election promise as Deputy Secretary of the Party committee, in the election of my solemn commitment to Catch: if a is strictly abide by and take the lead in the implementation of the "nine is prohibited, nine" transition discipline, not to engage in cliques, not to engage in canvassing votes buying and selling, buying, and no fraud swindlers officer, do not intercede say hello,‎ ‎ not illegal, not to run gas leak, do not interfere with changing times, accomplish strict discipline, warning, with iron discipline firmly put unhealthy trends, promote delicate gas to ensure transition in the healthy and orderly development; the second is resolutely obey organization arrangement, and resolutely to stress the party spirit, principle, discuss overall situation, correctly treat personal leave turn, the correct treatment the election results and focus on their careers, from start to finish, ensure the normal and orderly develop.‎ For in-depth study and implement the party's eighteen, the eighth session of the fourth, the spirit of the fifth plenary session, the implementation of comprehensive strictly required, a solid grasp of the construction of Party member team, in accordance with the requirements of the county Party Committee Organization Department No. 3 (2016) Luo Zufa. According to the requirements of the < Chinese Communist Party Constitution > and the central work of education for the party members, combined with actual town, 2016 Party member education and ‎ training scheme is formulated. The guiding ideology adhere to a comprehensive study of implementing the scientific development view as guidance, in-depth study and implement the party's eighteen, the eighth session of the fourth, fifth plenary session and the General Secretary Xi Jinping series important Speech adhere to the application for promoting learning, and strive to improve our ideological and political quality of Party members; firmly establish catch a party to build pipe must be members, tube members first catch education of ideological understanding, close to the Party member's ideological and practical work, strive to build a party regular education work mechanism, promote the party members play a vanguard and exemplary role; firmly grasp the construction of ability of administration of strengthening the party, advanced nature and purity of construction of the main line, adhere to to enhanced grasp the party building work consciousness, strengthen the self construction of the party organizations as the fundamental starting point, for the town's economic and social development provided for ideological and political guarantee of the strong and powerful organization guarantee. Second, target 201 The main task of 6 years of ‎ education and training of Party members is earnestly implement the <2015 - 2018 XX County Education and training of Party members to implement views > (Luo Wei do [2015] 121) to further strengthen the work of the education and training of Party members request, to training the town, the grassroots party members and common. From 5 January 2016, through a variety of channels in a variety of forms in a planned, step by step, to focus on the organization to carry out the education and training of Party members. A party spirit idea generally enhanced. Through education and training, prompting the majority of Party members to further strengthen the ideal and faith, enhance the party concept, consciously practice the agency will socialist core value system. To further enhance the confidence of the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, theoretical system of self-confidence and confidence. (II) Party members working ability greatly improved. Through the development of education and training, to boost the knowledge structure of Party members transformation and upgrading, improve the party to use the Marxist stand, viewpoints and methods of analysis and problem solving ability, adapt to the new situation and new tasks. (3) play ‎ an effective role of Party member model. Through the development of training and education, promote the party members in theProduction, work, learning and service to the community in give full play to the exemplary vanguard role, and actively striving to take the lead in learning to improve and take the lead in striving for success, serving the masses to take the lead and lead law-abiding, take the lead in promoting the healthy atmosphere model. (4) the building of grassroots organizations strong impetus. Through the development of education and training, the Party member troop overall quality and ability to serve the people increased, grass-roots party organization's creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness of the improved. Contents and measures according to different type of the town, at different levels, the actual needs of the different positions of Party members, hierarchical class to carry out the education and training of Party members. Adhere to the town overall and please tutoring, please Come in and sent down the combination, to the party spirit education and ability cultivation as the center, overall constitution and discipline, the core value system, political theory, domestic and international situation in ‎ town situation, party organization construction, legal education, culture, science and technology, industrial development, management, resource management and protection, social management innovation in the aspects, to village (unit) as a unit, to all members of the organization a above rotation activities. Focus on Township and village committee cadres straight unit leading Party group secretary, activist of join or be admitted to the party, the education and training of village class mothball cadre training, efforts to strengthen the parties organization Secretary of party spirit accomplishment, do a good job of the consciousness of the party building work, enhanced the Party activist , people in rural areas to promote rural economic development of practical abilities. At the same time, through the development of the theme of practical training, autonomous learning training, make full use of the party members and cadres of modern distance education network etc., for the party members in various fields to carry out the classification of rotation, party spirit training, tobe grind quality, improve quality. Organizational Leadership (a) strengthen leadership, implement the responsibility. Town Party committee to the ‎ work of the education and training of Party members into the party building work important content, the overall responsibility of the Secretary of the Party committee, vice secretary of the lead and the implementation of specific members of the organization, the organizational Secretary of the parties to personally plan, personally deploy, supervise the implementation; the education and training of Party members to carry out into the grass-roots party Construction work responsibility system and the building of grassroots organizations special assessment, directly with the grass-roots party organizations Pingxianpingyou link, to strengthen the organization and leadership to do a good job of work to implement. (II) the overall progress, implement the plan. Ensure that the deployment, according to the arrangement of the 2016 Party member education and training plans, based on the actual needs of the party, on-demand rationing; do supervision and guidance, strengthen the supervision of the work of the education and training of Party members, guidance and services to help solve the difficulties and problems in the training; assessment, by listening to the report, information search, evaluation, etc., with emphasis on the ‎ assessment of the implementation of the plan, Party members to participate in training proportion and effect, indeed Protect task implementation. (3) the typical guide, step up publicity. Pay attention to cultivate advanced and typical, timely promotion and the typical experience of the characteristics of the practice. The work of the education and training of Party members as the focus of the grass-roots party building and the sector skills training for communication and advocacy, by setting the column, offering special journals and other forms of propaganda, to create a strong atmosphere of public opinion, promote the orderly conduct of the work and achieved certain results.‎ In order to further implement the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of major speeches about the party's work style and clean government and anti-corruption struggle spirit and the central, province, city, County Commission for Discipline Inspection and the spirit of the plenary session, to further strengthen the awareness of the loyal party members and cadres, sense of purpose, sense of responsibility and a sense of discipline, boost the county's economic and social development. In accordance ‎ with the ensemble [of Ji Qing 2016) spirit of the document No. 3, combined with my bureau actual, make this program of activities, and a theme of learning party discipline, strict discipline, boosting Qingshen development.‎ Second, activity time April 2016 1 - April 30, three, activity content (a) carry out party discipline learning activities. Global organization of cadres and workers to focus on learning, network learning, self-study and other forms of strengthen constitution < < the probity of the Communist Party of China self-discipline criterion "" Chinese Communist Party disciplinary Regulations >, < Xi Jinping on clean government and anti-corruption fight discusses excerpts > and other relevant information learning. Education for Party members and cadres to < code > < Regulations > as the ruler, combined with its work, measure, control and their own ideas and practical test, take the initiative to conduct Lianzheng is affirmatory consciously practice commitment, achieve the hearts of the party, Zun Jishou Confessions of readings of the Si > < confessions to carry out the hearts of the people, in the heart has the responsibility, in the heart has quit, maintain the party's advanced nature and purity. (2) to ‎ carry out special warning education activities. In the global "read < > writing experience, the concept of warning education independent micro film > reflections, prisons and courtroom free" as the main content of the special warning education activities. Use of the weekly worker will focus to watch a warning education. The < >, cadres and workers to write their feelings, reflections, and the clean publicity column posted; 4 month global organization of Party members and cadres to the eyebrow delta prison visits to detainees xianshenshuifa education of cadres and workers With low-cost combined with special method. (3) to teach a class of anti-corruption initiate cheap course. By the leaders of anti corruption and financial supervision and administration of state-owned assets of explain the profound things in a simple way to explain, so that all staff of honest business, according to the law to act in a more profound understanding, so as to enhance staff's sense of responsibility and sense of mission. (4) to promote innovation to help the family activities. To carry out the party members and cadres "motto, bright family traditions" activities for family education into harmony, filial piety, encouraging learning, goodness, thrifty, inspirational,‎ ‎ cultivation of excellent genes to guide Party members and cadres to good tradition folk, with a good tradition being honest, with good tradition promote political winds, creating a delicate gas is the general atmosphere. Four activities (a) to strengthen leadership, careful organization. One is the establishment of the "independent warning education month" activities leading group of the state owned Financial Bureau, bureau leading Party group secretary of the leader, board members of the team to serve as deputy head. The second is making < County State Owned Financial Bureau independent warning education activities month scheme > determine promotional content, clear steps, truly understanding, measures, and put in place, ensure the effectiveness of the activities. (II) take all factors into consideration, pay attention to actual effect. According to "strict three real special education and" two studies do "activities, in based on the provisions of the action without aliasing, and creativity to carry out various forms, rich and colorful activities, and strive to Pay attention to actual effect, and resolutely prevent, going through the motions, really promote the party members and cadres from the depths of the ideological solidating abide by ‎ discipline regulations of the defence. (3) strengthening propaganda, to create atmosphere. To make full use of the column publicity, propaganda position of network, increase publicity efforts, expand warning education activities of the coverage and influence.‎ Today, we hold the city's precise technology to poverty alleviation and project work to promote the meeting, the main purpose is to further promote the task of aiding the poor with technology roots and accelerate all kinds of scientific and technological projects. Last year, this year, the city's scientific and technological work has made remarkable achievements, such as the convening of national poverty alleviation of science and technology on the spot will, cultivate high-tech enterprises, Bashan scholar training and the introduction of scientific and technical personnel incentives, listing national agricultural science and Technology Park, science and technology incubator building. Just now, Huangli In recent years city science and technology to help the poor and science and technology project effectiveness, the main problems were analyzed, and in a period of time in the future, the city's precise ‎ technology to poverty alleviation and science and technology project work arrangements, I agree, I hope everyone to earnestly implement. Here, I stressed the three points.‎ Learning "learning", to carry out the "learning and doing" education as the city's innovation and development of an important driving force. The Party Central Committee decided to 2016 years in all Party members to carry out learning the party constitution, party rules, a series of speech, do a qualified party member education (referred to as "learning to do"). Some time ago, I called the "learning the party constitution, party rules, a series of speech, do a qualified party member education and mobilization, the province carried out within the" two a "learning education mobilization. Municipal Party committee will soon be held a mobilization will make arrangements for the deployment. To carry out the" two a "study and education, based on" learning ", key in" do ". As the science and Technology Department of cadres and workers, to (benchmark for two pilot demonstration study through studying the party constitution of party compasses, a series of speech, not ‎ only to do a qualified party members, to do a good job of science and technology innovation. Next week, I as the city's county-level leading cadres reading class open cooperation and innovation driven study group members went to Mianyang, Meishan national innovation driven development characteristics and the province's Innovation Driven Development Zone work experience, a great harvest, feeling very deep. Mianyang, Meishan city innovation driven strength is very great, especially is Mianyang has become civil military integration, a comprehensive reform and innovation, our benchmarking in Mianyang, the gap is very large. Mianyang Science and technology city construction as the basis, built around the "Five" goal of building Hotbed of innovation of construction science and technology, military and civilian fusion demonstration, collecting and distributing center of scientific and technological achievements, innovative talents convergence and high technology industry concentration), vigorously promote to military and civilian fusion for the characteristics of comprehensive reform pilot innovation, and achieved remarkable results, is toward the national civil military integration innovation demonstration area, the national ‎ innovation driven development characteristics demonstration area and western economic development growth emerging great step forward. The expanding Park, stronger innovation platform; incubated enterprises, cultivate innovation; poly talent, to improve the ability of innovation; promoting fusion, highlighting the characteristics of the innovation; catch open, form innovation efforts of the experience is worth learning from. Benchmarking advanced, we have to struggling to The amount of weight is to grasp to catch the strategic innovation. To improve the target oriented system. The innovation actually placed in the core position, firmly establish the "grasping innovation development, seek innovation is to seek the future, innovation is not backward, slow innovation also will lag behind" concept, accelerate factor driven to innovation driven change. City Branch Bureau to actively seek the city management system emphasizing the innovation driven development, focus on strengthening the scientific and technological enterprise incubator construction, scientific and technological innovation platform, technology oriented small and medium-sized enterprises to cultivate, high and new technology industry output value and product evaluation.‎ ‎ Second, we must built innovation and Entrepreneurship platform. The city will be in Pakistan and the open area to build the whole To confidence, "double center", the new industrial park for a period, the city public entrepreneurship Park Phase II, Qin Ba electricity supplier industry park for three period, incubation area of more than 50 million square meters. The county (District) to take advantage of idle assets of construction science and technology enterprise incubator, a passenger space and other new public record space, the formation of a, a, a, to create vivid situation. Third, we must foster technological innovation subject. To vigorously implement the "high and new technology enterprise doubling plan" and "science and technology oriented small and medium-sized enterprises to cultivate plan", to honor the implementation of tax incentives, financial subsidies, such as a package of policies to support, so that high technology enterprise "indomitable spirit", let the small and medium-sized enterprise "overwhelming". To increase investment in science and technology innovation. To actively seek special funds for the development of Municipal Science and technology part for cashing innovation drive the ‎ development of financial subsidy policy, transfer a portion of funds for science and technology enterprises of loan guarantees and interest subsidies. Encourage banking institutions set up science and technology branch of the franchise, push the patent pledge loan, for the small and medium sized enterprises of science and technology provide financing services tailored. Fifth, we must strengthen science and technology personnel. To attract more technology military personnel and high-end talent with technology, project, with funds to Bazhong Lingban or joint science and technology enterprises, encourage and support both inside and outside the citycomrades and the5 years of college graduates and college students to a new public space, science and technology business incubator innovation and entrepreneurship.‎ Second, it is necessary to promote the precision technology poverty alleviation as the important content of the scientific and technological work. To build a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020 is the party's eighteen to the whole Party and the people throughout the country to make a solemn commitment. Lead the city people out of ‎ poverty to become rich go straight towards well-off, Party committees at all levels, political responsibility and mission of the times of the government's major political, technology sector is also the bounden responsibility. Municipal three tenth plenary session made < on the go all out win battle poverty alleviation and development to ensure synchronous completion of a comprehensive well-off society decided >, proposed to further promote the "five a group of" precise action to help the poor, "six precision" and "1 + 6" poverty alleviation projects, clear the "add Great science and technology achievement transformation efforts, accelerate the construction science and technology poverty demonstration village and demonstration households, give full play to the role of modern information network, for the impoverished village poor households to provide production technology, market information, policy advice, encourage scientific and technical personnel to the poor village launched a to one helping and guiding the development of income industrial projects, strengthen technical training and propaganda of popular science, highlighting grasp large breeding, family farmers, agricultural co-operatives are the backbone of the training ‎ "technical poverty alleviation mission. The city's science and technology sector must be from the political height, the assault fortified positions that help deficient up as the most important task, the most urgent work. The most arduous mission, to science and technology for precise poverty alleviation promote to speed up a well-off society in an all-round way Decision to deploy, boost the process to precise technology to poverty alleviation and the effectiveness of a well off society in an all round way. One should obey the overall situation. The city's scientific and technological system of cadres and workers, especially leading cadres, should have the political consciousness, ideological conscious action conscious, in accordance with the central, provincial and municipal deployment requirements, to strengthen the organization and leadership, reasonable arrangement of time, carefully study the deployment, to ensure poverty. There must be resolutely implement the political position and character, poverty alleviation and the attitude to be distinctive, poverty alleviation action should be strong, to politics, to understand the overall situation, re implementation, see results. To lock the target. In accordance with the ‎ provincial Party committee and the municipal Party committee, municipal government, lock 2 provincial-level General requirements for the completion of the goal of poverty alleviation poverty alleviation poverty alleviation poverty alleviation poverty alleviation poverty alleviation and Technology Demonstration County, four provincial science and technology demonstration towns, 10 provincial science and technology demonstration village and a municipal science and technology demonstration area, 2 Municipal Science and technology demonstration towns, five municipal science and technology demonstration village and the "five one" precise technology to poverty alleviation and special operations tasks, inverted duration, wall chart battle, set the time, tasks, measures, staff, given the responsibility to ensure high quality precision technology poverty alleviation task. To focus on the key. To focus on precise poverty and accurate out of poverty, detailed measures, clear job responsibilities, to develop targeted and operable precise technology to implement poverty alleviation program. Prominent precise poverty technical training, poor village informatization construction, technology oriented poverty reduction model village and ‎ demonstration households construction precision technology poverty alleviation focus, in a precise sense, precise attitude, precise style, go all out to fight the precise technology of poverty alleviation and battle.‎ Three, it is necessary to strengthen science and technology funds supervision as an important means to enhance the quality of the project. Science and technology project fund supervision is the key to the implementation of the project of science and technology. In recent years, especially during the "Twelfth Five Year Plan" period, the system of science and technology management in the city vigorously to declare the implementation of the country and province science and technology projects, science and technology demonstration lead brought obvious effect and improve the scientific and technological innovation capability of enterprises, boosting the characteristics and advantages of industrial development, science and technology support to the economic and social leading role improved significantly. In the project management of science and technology, in addition to seriously implement the state, provincial science and technology project ‎ management rules and regulations, and the actual Bazhong, established the access system of science and technology projects, the project of science and technology commissioner system, science and technology Project credit system and scientific and technological projects honest commitment system, and the Municipal Finance Bureau jointly issued the > < Bazhong City Science and technology development funds management approach, formulated the "trilogy of seven" science and technology project implementation specification, these are worth fully affirmed. However, we should also see clearly, we in the science and technology project management still exist "account of the special accounts, earmarking system is no effective implementation and other issues. In particular, this year the Audit Commission Chengdu Tepai ban on Bazhong confidence found in the audit of science and technology business incubatorProblem has certain representativeness. The audit to us sounded the alarm, should cause everyone vigilance. Here, I will strengthen science and technology project budget supervision put forward four requirements: a strict project reporting, prevent fraud. Implementation of the project to declare the competition mechanism, the ‎ annual financial support to science and technology projects oriented society Bulletin, conditions open content, open competition to declare, open field investigation, public presentations, the public assessment of the decision, do full open and transparent, fair, accept social supervision. To those who resort to deceit or something real is not clear, suspected of defrauding, impersonator national subsidy funds, once found immediately cancel Declaration of qualification, recovery of funds subsidy and discipline in accordance with the law strictly held responsible. Second, we must innovation funds supervision. In county finance to establish science and technology project "account", the project undertaking entity in accordance with the key nodes task completion by formal invoice to apply for funding and audited by the Department of science and technology, the Ministry of finance funds, and resolutely put an end to project funds are retained, misuse and misappropriation. Third, we need to strengthen scientific and technological project supervision. Department in charge of science and technology to strengthen project inspections to check or checks, of ineffective implementation to strengthen the supervision and the existence of violations of ‎ responsibility into the project undertaker rectification. To establish a scientific and technological project, "black list" system, the Project implementation quality particularly poor recorded in the "black list", stage or permanent abolition of the applicant country, province, city science and technology project qualification. Fourth, it is necessary to carry out training funds management. Science City Bureau to the initiative to meet with the finance department, organize project unit commitment held science and technology project funds management training, of country, provincial and municipal science and technology project funds management of the relevant policies, financial acceptance specification, mid supervision points, budget review points and key contents were training system, to ensure the use of project funds safe and reasonable.‎ Thank you all!‎ To implement the central, provincial, city and county to make important decision about the grass-roots party construction work in the deployment, push forward the county public security organs in the work of Party building,‎ ‎ further strengthen the party secretary of the governing party and party liability, according to < of the Organization Department of CPC Committee of Xuchang County on the issuance of the "counties as well as the authority of Party building debriefing appraisal implementation solutions" notice > requirements, according to the arrangement of the Bureau of the party work. Today, the organization held the county public security organs party secretary grasping grass-roots party construction work in the debriefing will. The implementation of this is a powerful measure to the Secretary of the party organization construction of the party,, and is learning to carry out the party's spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the, grasp the new situation of Party building work under the rules, pushing Public security party building services in the public security center of the inevitable requirement.‎ Just now, the 3 Juzhu unit Party branch secretary of debriefing, below I on the 3 party organization work one by one review.‎ Party branch of the Political Department Good: first, strengthen ideological and political work, pay close attention to the work of the implementation. The Political Department of the Party branch strictly in accordance with the requirements of bureau Party committee, to "strict three real special education as the main line, take effective measures, pay close attention to the ideological and political work of the implementation, strengthen the education of Party members and the police thought, improve the Police Ideological and political consciousness, make a solid foundation for public security work smooth development of health. Second, strict management team, boost the morale of the team. Strict implementation of Police Ideological Trend of periodic analysis, timely grasp the ideological situation of the personnel; strictly implement the system of check on work attendance, strengthen the daily management; cash rewards and punishments, continue to boost the morale of the team. The third is The intensification of police training, improve the police actual combat skill. Seriously and actively carry out a series of training activities and <‎ ‎ Henan public security network, > learning activities, the majority of police in the political quality, physical quality, professional quality, policing skills improved. The fourth is to adhere to the preferential treatment from the police, the warm pool police. According to thRequirements, and actively do a good job of personnel management work, to run within the scope of the policy, help the police solve the practical difficulties, the police systemic heart into work. The fifth is strengthening propaganda, promote righteousness. Around the center of the public security work, actively do a good job in the publicity, fully display the spirit of good public security team. Six is to fulfill the responsibility of Party building, do a good job of education and management of Party member team. Sound and perfect "three class", Party of democratic appraisal, commendation and reward system, effectively enhance the branch of the creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity.‎ Shortcomings: is ideological and political work still can not adapt to the new situation, new task, in the form of a single, innovation is not enough, lack of learning ‎ education of the appeal and study the effect of education needs to be improved, the political department to strengthen the guidance to the grass-roots units. The second is the branch of organizational life will implement the is not good enough to play an exemplary role.‎ Traffic Police Brigade Party branch System of good practice: one is grasping the implementation of the work of Party building system, enhanced branch team cohesion, combat force. The brigade Party branch always pay close attention to the work of Party building and would not let go, conscientiously perform their duties, strict implementation of democratic life etc., to develop the branch of learning plan, all equipped with learning record the experience and experience the and organize regular inspection learning, ensures that the learning plan, implement, effect. Second is to carry out the "strict three real special education. The development of special education learning scheme, held a party branch focus on learning and the level of consultation forum, deputy director in charge of, brigade ‎ leader for the party members and the police on the lectures, deployed to carry out Ban Zicheng throughout the Yan Zhenchang Yang Shuicai to relive the oath to join the party, visit the memorial hall, learning advanced characters, micro lectures attention and learning characteristics of the activities, and to develop measures for rectification. Three is to pay attention to the party building work into the public security work. The brigade Party branch and always will be the work of Party building in 9.3 security, national civilized city re examination, the SCO security meeting, the focus of illegal investigation, "sword", "anti terrorist violence, to ensure safety", "five wave", "camp turn non bus", "detoxification", the focus of the work, in a timely manner to carry out the pre war mobilization, wartime dynamically judged, the post-war award in recognition of a series of measures Members always fighting in the first line of traffic management, all traffic police has always maintained a high state of mind, a strong impetus to the work carried out.‎ Shortcomings: first, there is a "hand hard and soft" phenomenon. Of work of Party building under the new ‎ situation is not enough emphasis, focus on light business building, re form light effects. The second is measures are not enough effective. In particular, catch a party to build working innovation consciousness is not strong, measures and methods used in the experience of the old, old practices and effectiveness needs to be further strengthened. The third is three lesson "not very good insist, life of the party organization to carry out less often.‎ Zhao police station Party branch Good practice: one is to strengthen the study and education. To "strict three real special education as an opportunity to take leadership lectures, seminars, individual learning, exchange of experience in various forms, the police organization learning leaders at all levels of the spirit of the important speech, < > in the constitution as well as the side of corruption cases and asked party members and the police carefully recorded study notes, writing experiences, join and pay attention to the micro lectures, according to the control requirements of ‎ inspection, enhance their own, to ensure that the learning effect. The second is to strengthen the leadership responsibility. Party branch secretary as the first responsibility of honest government, earnestly implement the" four person ", and insisted on the" important work personally Department Department, major issues personally intervene, personally key aspects of coordination, supervision of important cases personally ", Party branch members always strict demands on themselves, play an exemplary role model. Third, strengthen the service for the people. Every act of the masses for the warm reception, carefully recorded masses anti reflect each a problem, and make the resistancee bureau Party committeeHeart to answer, and constantly improve the quality of service. Combined with the "one village, one police work, police organization carefully touch row all may affect the stability of the unstable factors, resolve conflicts and disputes, and arrange for the police with daily visits, issued security leaflets, collecting sites, personnel information, promote the harmony police.‎ Existing problems: a party branch team party affairs ‎ knowledge is not rich enough, on some of the procedural provisions are not familiar with, in a certain extent restricted the work carried out. The second is regular ideological education is not deep enough, the ideological trends of the police command is not timely and accurate. Third, there is a need to improve the management level of refinement, police standardization awareness is not strong enough, daily habit is not quite self-conscious.‎ Since this year, bureau unit Party branch to "strict three real special education as the main line, to the service center, troop construction as the focus, adhere to the combination of ideological building of the party and the system of the party, solid to carry out the comprehensive strictly required, to further standardize the construction of the party organization, continuously improving the quality of Party members and police, continue to strengthen the party building innovation, service building execution significantly improved, has made remarkable achievements.‎ Meeting debriefing of 3 units in the work of Party ‎ building problems in other units are also different degrees of existence to other units by the party building debriefing, draw on the experience of face the problem, replicability, careful analysis of rectification, promote the sustained and healthy development of the work of Party building units.‎ Below, to further strengthen the county public security organs party building work stressed the views of five points.‎ One, improve the ideological understanding, enhance the sense of political responsibility and historical mission Follow the basic construction of the party's eighteen years, Xi Jinping, general secretary: the series of important speech to the party put forward many new ideas, new judgment, the new requirements is to promote grass-roots party building work. We should thoroughly study and understand, and consciously assume responsibility. One is to grasp the party building "three questions" of the new requirements. Xi, general secretary of the party's mass ‎ line education practice summary of the General Assembly on the proposed the construction of "three questions, namely:" is not the party committees at all levels and the departments of Party committees (party) to achieve the sedulous catch a party to build is not at all levels of Party committee secretary, the Department of the party committees (party) secretary become strictly administering the party secretary? Is not at all levels and all departments of the party Forced the construction of Party committees (party) members to fulfill the responsibilities strictly responsibility? "General Secretary of the party building" three questions ", directed at the crucial point, enlightening, three mirror placed in front of everyone, let you according to a photo, see a look, want to think about the conscious of it, is the three pieces of papers placed in front of us, it is clear to judge ourselves whether in to do their duty. Building" three questions ", urge people to watch, thought-provoking, and convey a strong responsibility to ask signal. The second is to understand the building" three no "new judgment. Xi, general secretary of the party's mass line education practice summary congress pointed out that" history and reality Are ‎ accounted for in the police forces of discipline, do not do, is to stop the event tells us, not a clear responsibility to implement the responsibility, accountability, and strictly administering the party is not to ". General Secretary of the" three no ", a clear responsibility to implement the responsibility, accountability, and point out the key. The county public security organs is a team of the Communist Party as the main body, Party members and the vast majority of bureau of belonging to different units of the leadership cadres and backbone of the party members, the power and responsibility are relatively concentrated in the party's construction, must be clear responsibilities, the implementation of responsibility, accountability, or catch a party to build is an empty word. Three is to clear the" three grasping "new initiatives. The total learning book Remember that catch a party to build must grasp the responsibility system, grasping accountability must grab the responsibility person, grasping the responsibility must catch the first responsible person. Why should we let the Bureau unit Party branch secretary of the debriefing is to implement general secretary put forward "3 catch". To seize the party organization's primary responsibility, seize the ‎ key issue.‎ Two, the full implementation of the task of ideological construction, the theory of armed tasks implementedGeneral Secretary Xi Jinping in the mass line of educational practice summary congress put forward in the new period party building thought of tasks and requirements, to strengthen the construction of the Party pointed out the direction and path. One is to strengthen theoretical study. The urgent task is to fully understand the study and implement the spirit of the fifth plenary session of the eighth session of the significance of, the organization of Party members and the police through the focus on learning, self-study and special counseling and other forms of serious in-depth learning, adhere to the first step in learning, deep layer, accurately grasp the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, and do the thinking and learning gains, use it. The second is to strengthen the party spirit temperance. Adhere to the school party constitution. Through the center of the group learning. Secretary of the party organization about lectures and other forms of learning the party constitution,‎ ‎ enlightenment spirit, guide Bureau unit Party branch and all members of the police to firmly establish the consciousness of the party. Persist in learning advanced. Vigorously carry forward the spirit of Jiao Yulu, Yang Shuicai spirit, seriously study the advanced deeds of Comrade Yan Zhenchang, deep fine shine Dusing the police party guided, to strengthen public opinion and public servant consciousness, consciously practice the "strict three real. The third is to strengthen the party and Party discipline education. For the ideological construction of the party faces new tasks, new requirements, the emergence of many new problems, new situations, and actively take the initiative to adapt to the constantly emancipate the mind, innovative ways, making use of the Internet, micro channel, micro Bo new platform for new, enrich the content of education, improve education forms, the constant reminder education, enhance the police Party discipline in awe, guide Party members and the police do political understanding discipline about the rules of the leaders. The fourth is to strengthen the ideological and moral education. Guide the party police exemplary practice the socialist core values, cultivate good political and moral ‎ character, professional ethics, family virtue and morality, forming a strong atmosphere of moral construction. Pay attention to strengthen the positive guidance to the police party ideology, adhere to the diversification of the social ideology guided by the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving and perfecting the Party members and the police thought The dynamic analysis of mechanism, providing an ideological guarantee for the purity and firmness of team members.‎ Three, fully implement the strict requirements, the management and administration of the party's responsibility to implement General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that to implement strictly the responsibility, do a good job of Party building as the biggest achievement. Therefore, in my bureau implement comprehensive strictly required must be the party tube responsible party implemented. First, to further implement the responsibility system in Party building. To establish and improve the party building responsibility assessment mechanism, at the beginning of ‎ the year to progressively signing party builds working target responsibility book. Party organizations at all levels is mainly responsible for comrades to do a good job of Party building as the greatest achievements, adhere to the development wholeheartedly for, to concentrate its attention on the construction of the party, the party building work is included in the agenda, and business to work with the deployment, with checks, with the implementation of, true to form Party grasping, Secretary to take the lead in efforts, in charge of the leadership Specific catch, catch a, layers of implementation pattern of Party building work. Is to improve the reporting and appraising system. In accordance with the "debriefing the party building, the appraisal rating of Party building, Party building assessment test, use of cadres at request of the party", CF county Party debriefing practice, and constantly improve the annual party built debriefing appraisal system, in particular, to the year debriefing appraisal evaluation and annual comprehensive examination closely together, the party builds the job evaluation results into the leading bodies and leading cadres of the annual comprehensive assessment system, strengthen the use ‎ of dynamic management and results of debriefing appraisal work, further enhance the debriefing appraisal of scientific, effective and directive The new integration business. Three is to improve the "three class" system. "Three class" system is to improve the party's organizational life, strict party member education management system, we must do a good job in the implementation and long-term persistence. According to "the party secretary of the organization lectures", "party members and cadres micro lectures and Thematic Party Day activities, innovation" three class "form, rich" three class "content, pay attention to the work of Party building with the public security work, the formation of" the same resonance frequency, the linkage of communion "party organization life situation. At the same time, the" three class "system implementation of join or be admitted to the party organization committee debriefing appraisal of important content, strict grasp the" three class "system Real.‎ Four, strict political discipline and political rules.‎ Guide all Party members and the police in ideological ‎ political action always as the general secretary of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping highly consistent, involved in major political principle, political stand, political views and other issues, we must be sober, stand firm. Guide the members of the civilian police to strengthen the sense of organization, determined to do the individual is subordinate to the organization, the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, and the whole party to the Central Committee. Some time ago, I held a party enlarged meeting, focus on adherence to the party's political discipline and political rules of thematic theory study, I at the meeting for the feelings to speak. I understand, party a concept of organization, can not see Party, touch not. According to the materialistic point of view, the material determines consciousness, existence determines consciousness, consciousness is the objective things in the brain to reflect, then, how to prove that the party's existence? Like the current, can not, can not be touched, but through the wire carrier, connect power supply, the electric light, the motor is running, it is proved that the current existence. Similarly, the party is by living every Party ‎ member, every Party member, speech and action of the carrier, reflecting party. Party is a whole, in order to normal operation, each party members according to their personality characteristics. Academic knowledge, professional knowledge, hobbies, physical condition, age, work experience, work experience and other comprehensive evaluation, main task of the division of labor and in jointly do a good job in party work, is mainly responsible for the Division I business, then in my division of work, in the Party committee collective discussion by, decision, foreign, on every level of members can to bureau of the party in the name and identity delivered a speech, the organization of work. In specific work, in the higher Party committees have clear provisions of the spirit, in accordance with the spirit of the documents of ranking Party committee, combined with my work of the division of labor, on behalf of the bureau Party committee put forward their views and suggestions. Since Party members according to the higher Party committees to the spirit of the document can be Bureau on behalf of the party organization of work, then the behavior has party authority and seriousness, we should respect them and be with, give ‎ support, cannot according to personal preferences, personal understanding and awareness, regardless of the occasion, in broad daylight, in meetings, especially in the lower front of, guilty of liberalism, published the higher Party committees have been expressly prohibited speech, also cannot euphemistically called the personal point of view; regardless of party image and personal image, irresponsible, gossip, just open the river, grumble, grumble about; even, sarcastic ridicule, sarcasm, oblique accusations, make people Hold the most stringent start speech, personal attacks, vent personal grudge; more even, with ulterior motives, ulterior motives; fan Yin breeze, will-o '- the wisp, deliberately and party dissension and discord, rumors spread, the spread of division, and the party and the people, the hearts of the people, the decline of morale. This kind of behavior is the party's discipline are not allowed, from my start, from the members of the Party committee member, once, who despite the party discipline, drunk, behind, the key moment, in violation of the party's political discipline, political rules and wait for the party discipline. We must strictly comply with the implementation of the central and superior party committee ‎ has clearly defined, does not allow bargaining, unconditional obedience, unconditional , does not allow a discount, or disguised discount. In addition. We want to strictly enforce the system of democratic life of the party, Party of democratic life, it is necessary to carry out criticism and self-criticism, is between the members of the Party committee of the mutual criticism, remind each other, will not do not speak, gossiping afterwards. Guide Party members and the police strictly request reporting system, regularly party members to execute the political discipline of political rules situation analysis judged and thematic summary, constantly enhance political of the political life of the party, the principle and militancy.‎ Five, comprehensively improve the scientific level of Party building, the task of the party building To enhance the scientific level of the construction of the party is our party according to the worldly affairs, national and the new changes and new challenges of the party put forward the major issue is effective to deal with the four test ", resolve the pressing requirement of" four ‎ big risk "is the only way to maintain and develop the party's advanced natuStep is to strengthen the party's cohesion, attraction and the fighting power of the inevitable choice. Under the new situation, it is necessary to apply the law of the ruling party construction of Marxism, according to the basic requirements of maintaining the party's advanced nature, continue to study new situations, solve new problems, sum up new experience, make the party building in scientific orbit continues to advance. One to focus, efforts to lay a solid foundation. Continue to carry out the "two hit" activities, accurately grasp strictly required new rules and characteristics of the work of Party building under, deepening grass-roots increase of basic party organization and Party member quality upgrade plan. Continue to carry out the window units vanguard party post, window model building activities, and continuously Enhance the party members and the police involved in activities to create enthusiasm. Increase of Party organizations and Party members advanced typical advocacy training efforts to become a "sign", "evergreen tree". To broaden the party serving the masses channels, construction of Party members contacting and serving the masses work ‎ system, make the Party member to become truly keep in mind the purpose, advanced elements of the heart of the masses. Establish and improve incentives within the party, care, helping mechanism, we do care and love grassroots cadres, old party members, difficult life member. In order to promote the party construction services, continue to carry out "party members and counterpart assistance" live and on-the-job Party member volunteer service activities. Second, we must strengthen management, efforts to enhance the party members Quality, and conscientiously implement < the Communist Party of China the development of Party Work Rules >, adhere to strict standards, rigorous training, strict procedures, strict regulation and control, and continuously improve the quality of Party members, optimize the structure of Party member team. Strengthening of different kinds of police, the classified management of Party members in different positions, through the implementation of target management of Party members, record management, star rating etc. ways to strengthen the education of Party members, management and service work. Adhere to the mass appraisal, solid and effective to carry out members of the public commitment, no post party post ‎ duty activities, give full play to the role of Party members. Actively introduce the Internet +, by means of information to strengthen the education and management of the party members and make full use of "Xuchang male Ann party building network "," peace of Xuchang, Communist Party members, Liancheng micro lectures and other network platform to strengthen the education and training of Party members. Three to strict requirements, efforts to improve the party's style of work. To build a first-class units, to create a first-class team, cultivate first-class style, create first-class performance as the goal, combined with learning from the advanced models, and effectively solve the police party in the party spirit, moral character, style and ability existing prominent problems; adhere to the lead austerity, oppose extravagance and waste, and oppose formalism, bureaucratism and seriously practice the "strict three real, establish a good style of work; earnestly implement the" eight insist, eight against ", advocate diligence Excited to learn and apply what they have learned, the heart of the masses, serve the people, grab get right on the job really, and to ensure the effectiveness of, hard work, thrift, the overall situation,‎ ‎ curried, develop democracy, solidarity work, impartially and with the right of honesty in politics, life is decent, healthy interest in eight aspects of good atmosphere, promote the county public security organs party political construction has made new achievements. Fourth, it is necessary to produce battle fort effect. Party organizations at all levels to grasp the practical to the center of the public security work service key links, adhere to the completion of difficult and perilous task as the main battlefield of the work of Party building, the more encountered serious incidents, major rescue mission, a major security tasks, the more you want to play the party organization The role of core, and earnestly do a good job before the war mobilization, wartime motivation, war veteran and so, truly party members and cadres to fight to where, the life of the party organization will extend to where, the role of fighting bastion of the party organizations play where, reflecting the party building work to promote and protect the power.‎ Comrades, in the circumstances to promote comprehensive strictly new situation, the Party Central Committee and the ‎ Party committee of a higher level of the construction of the party proposed the new, higher requirements, the work of Party building task is arduous, the glorious mission, rare opportunity. Let us to the debriefing meeting as a starting point, in the Bureau of the party's correct leadership, conscientiously study and implement the series of important speech of General Secretary Xi Jinping, spirit and the party's spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth, thoroughly implement the comprehensive strictly required, continue to carry forward the party's fine tradition, hearten spirit, do solid work, the enterprising spirit, selfless dedication, to continue to create the county public security organs of Party building work in the new situation, to maintain social stability to ensure Successful completion of the task,re, also is aPromote public security undertakings flourish, for the construction of a beautiful and happy Xuchang county to make new and greater contributions!‎ Carry out the party building debriefing appraisal work, implement the central and provincial Party committee, the municipal Party committee and comprehensively promote the ‎ strictly deployment requirements, implement strictly the responsibility, tamp the foundation of Party Construction of major initiatives. Public security organs as the party's absolute under the leadership of the democratic dictatorship force, as the party and the people in the hands of the "hilt" must to strengthen the work of Party building and walk in the forefront, and make an example. From just four of the Secretary of the party organization debriefing situation, the party organization of debriefing of Party building and ideological work attaches great importance to prepare more fully, in the debriefing process, say achievements do not exaggerate, speak the problem does not cover, emphasize not vanity about rectification, truly realistic. Offer as Political Bureau Director comments, targeted strong, closely with the practical assessment highlights outstanding characteristics, ask clear, point out of the results, points out the problems and points out the pressure. This is not only a debriefing meeting and Party building the responsibility to implement, today the debriefing, to do a good job of new period party building work will play a very good role in promoting. Next, according to the city bureau Party Committee on Party ‎ building work on the arrangements, Bai chief commissioned by combining city Bureau of Party building work of new requirements, borrow this opportunity to revisit four points. To improve the ideological understanding, enhance the sense of responsibility and historic mission, the party's eighteen years, Xi Jinping, general secretary Follow the construction of a series of important speech to the party put forward many new ideas, new conclusions and new requirements, the grass-roots party building work. We should thoroughly study and understand, and consciously assume responsibility. One is to grasp the party building "three questions" of the new requirements. Xi, general secretary of the last 10 August, the party's mass line education practice summary of the General Assembly on the proposed the construction of "three questions". That is: "is not the party committees at all levels and the departments of Party committees (party) to achieve the sedulous catch a party to build is not at all levels of Party committee secretary, the departments of Party committees (party) secretary become strictly administering the party secretary? Is not at all levels and all departments of Party committees (party) Forced members to ‎ fulfill the responsibilities strictly responsibility? "General Secretary of the party building" three questions ", directed at the crucial point, enlightening, three mirror placed in front of everyone, let you according to a photo, see a look, want to think the self-knowledge; is the three pieces of papers placed in front of us, it is clear to judge ourselves whether the party's construction to do their duty. Building" three questions ", urge people to watch, thought-provoking, and convey a strong responsibility to ask signal. The second is to understand the building" three no "new judgment. Xi, general secretary of the party's mass line education practice summary congress pointed out that" history and reality, especially the Are substantially more than 80% of the discipline to move tells us, clear responsibility, fulfil responsibility, accountability, and strictly administering the party is not to ". General Secretary of the" three no ", clear responsibility, fulfil responsibility, accountability, and point out the key. The city public security organs is a member of Communist Party as the main body of troops and members accounted for total number of civilian police, the Bureau of belonging to various departments of leading ‎ cadres and backbone of the party members, the power and responsibility are relatively concentrated in the party's construction, must be clear responsibilities, the implementation of responsibility, accountability, or catch of Party construction is empty. Three is to clear the" three grasping "new initiatives. Xi, general secretary of the strong , catch a party to build must grasp the responsibility system, grasping accountability must catch responsibility, grasping the responsibility must catch the first responsible person. Why should we let Jushu unit party secretary to the party organization at the next higher level debriefing is to implement general secretary put forward "3 catch". To seize the party organization is mainly responsible person, seize the key problem. Second, it is necessary to improve the work of Party building system, the system construction is to strengthen the party building work of public security is an important guarantee. To through the scientific development of the system, improve the system, execution system and make the system become a hard bound, continue to promote the public security work of Party building standardization. One is to further implement the responsibility of Party BuilSystem.‎ ‎ It is necessary to establish and improve Party building responsibility assessment mechanism, at the beginning of the year to progressively signing party builds working target responsibility book. Party organizations at all levels is mainly responsible for comrades to do a good job of Party building as the greatest achievements, adhere to the development wholeheartedly for, to concentrate its attention on the construction of the party, the party building work is included in the important process, and business to work with the deployment, with checks, with the implementation of, true to form Party grasping, Secretary to take the lead in efforts, leaders in charge of specific grab, grab a level, layers of implementation pattern of Party building work. The second is improve the debriefing appraisal system. In accordance with the "debriefing the party building, the appraisal rating of Party building, Party building assessment test, the use of cadres at request of the party", the Secretary of the party debriefing contrast do Law, and constantly improve the annual party debriefing appraisal system, especially to the annual debriefing appraisal evaluation and annual comprehensive examination closely together, the party ‎ builds the job evaluation results into the leading bodies and leading cadres of the annual comprehensive assessment system, strengthen the use of dynamic management and results of debriefing appraisal work, further enhance the debriefing appraisal of scientific, effective and oriented. Third, improve the "three will be a lesson system." three class system is to improve the life of the party organization, strict management of Party member education system must do a good job in the implementation, insist for a long time. According to the "Secretary of the party organization lectures", "Party cadres Implementation of integrating micro lectures and theme day activities, innovation "three class" form, rich "three class" content, pay attention to the work of Party building with the public security work, the formation of "the same resonance frequency, the linkage of communion" party organization life new situation. At the same time, the "three class" of the implementation of join or be admitted to the party secretary of the organization debriefing appraisal of the important content, strict grasp the "three class" system. To strengthen the education of Party members, improve Party member of party spirit idea and political consciousness. Xi ‎ General Secretary profoundly pointed out: "firm ideal and faith are the legal team of political soul must be the ideal and belief education in political and legal team construction of the first , constantly playing firmly hold high the banner, command of the party, loyalty to the mission of the ideological foundation. "The city's public security organs is a with Communist Party members for the disciplined subject, Party members accounted for more than 80% of the total number of civilian police, bureau of belonging to different departments of leading cadres and backbone basically is a party member, do a good job in the construction of Party member team, will seize the fundamental construction of public security team. We must seize the political construction of the police as the core, adhere to the party for public security work absolute leadership this fundamental principle, put the ideal and belief of party spirit education in a more prominent position, to ensure that the Party member troop absolute loyalty, absolutely pure, absolutely reliable. To adhere to the theory of armed, serious organization And adherence to the in-depth study of the majority of Party members and the party's basic theory, especially Xi Jinping, general ‎ secretary of the series of important speech spirit, education of Party members and the party's political discipline and political rules, and consciously in accordance with the party constitution and party political life standards to regulate their own words and deeds, so that discipline, rules, listen to say hello, do in the party party, the party worry about the party, the party for the party, the party retaining the party, and always in the ideological and political action and to Xi Jinping as general secretary of the Central Committee of the party remain highly consistent, consciously do the party's loyal guards of the masses of the people caring people. To build a strong base layer organization, strengthen grass-roots party organization's cohesive force and fighting force. To strengthen the basic level party organization construction Is the key to the target is doing a good job of Party building work of the important basis and guarantee. To optimize the organizational settings. In accordance with the ease of Party members to participate in activities for Party organizations play a role in principle, reasonable norms of the party organization, Party organizations at the grassroots level full coverage, to ensure that each party ‎ members into the party organization in Party activities, organization and management, the organization of care, to accept the supervision of the organization, and actively play a role. Second, we must pay close attention to the team construction. Catch team, with the team party building is an important content and basic level party organization team with members shall complete, clear division of labor, responsibility implementation, implementation of post management. With a good team with a strong Party Secretary , to effectively strengthen the Secretary of the party organization is the Party of person of the first responsibility, sense of responsibility, the responsibility system to prevent "party construction task of Party building, Party building work and business two skins" phenomenon. Third, we need to play good battle fort action. Party organizations at all levels to effectively seize as a key link in the center of the public security work service, adhere to thedingTo the completion of difficult and perilous task as the main battlefield of the work of Party building and the encounter major emergencies and major rescue mission, a major security tasks, the more you want to play the core role of Party organizations, and earnestly ‎ do a good job in the pre war mobilization, wartime motivation, postwar entitled work truly where the battle of Party members and cadres, the party's organizational life extended to where, the role of fighting bastion of the party organizations play where, reflecting the party building work to promote and protect the power. Comrades, in the circumstances to promote comprehensive strictly new situation, do a good job of public security Party Building work as the task is arduous and glorious mission, hope everyone to firmly establish "a game of chess," thought, put down Real strictly required as the new normal organ of the party's construction, further emancipate the mind, ningxinjuli, do solid work, to maintain social stability, promote social fairness and justice, protect the people live and work, to make new and greater contributions.‎ The accident scene of the accident treatment of XX XX, April 7 to April 11, according to traffic police detachment and the traffic police brigade of the arrangement, I had the honor to participate in the Ministry of Public Security Research Institute held high-end training class, by 5 days of training and learning, I have a deep feeling, learning a ‎ lot of new knowledge and to deal with the accident of skills, to learn and work are of great help, we will experience is summed up as follows: first, study the new knowledge, to expand the field of vision. In the research the teacher to explain, we review the < road traffic accident scene drawing >, and emphatically studied at the scene of the real record drawing standards, the graph can reflect the state and each element Full coverage regardless of size, position, give a person to live a more intuitive understanding of the next step accident treatment has a great help. At the same time, I have seen some new accident investigation equipment, such as a new generation of traffic accident scene drawing system, through training, the police can very fast rendering standard site map, data measurement, and in accordance with the Ministry of public security of the standard, and the UAV, the application of UAV camera or camera, from the fundamental solution overview accident photos. Second, on the scene photography basic requirements and accident photographic difference. The scene photography scene is the most objective real reaction. But photographs of the scene taken to ensure objective, comprehensive, timely and clear requirements,‎ ‎ this scene photos to assurance its legal effect; the scene photography has also undergone a change by the original photography of orientation and overview of photography, Photo Center, breakdown of the photo, change for range photography, photographic overview, local camera, film element, photography of minutia, than photography, so to photographic content more refined, more specific, the as evidence of a more targeted, more accurate., on site survey extracted traces and field exploration process traces are extracted by the problems and errors. Trace on the scene of the discovery and extraction as a matter of So the scene investigation is an important part of the process, on the analysis of the cause of the accident and the accident are very important role, through the teacher's explanation and analysis them as an expert, from the perspective of identification of traces of the scene points extraction and pointed out the direction for under our own exploration site to extract traces, at the same time, through the teacher's explanation, accidents will produce certain traces, which requires us in the scene of the accident investigation of careful, and not missing any useful to our trace on the scene. On advanced equipment of traffic ‎ accident identification, genetic analysis of the role of. I feel the deepest is now home Car safety air bag with something called the airbag module. This is known as "black box" car equipment, has a record of when the speed, whether to take braking, take a few braking and other data, recording, has a very large role for analyzing the cause of the incident, next serious accidents must pay attention to extract such equipment; and escape accidents are common in the general video surveillance on the blurred image, wLicense plate number; shellac, fiber identification, etc. with advanced equipment can make the identification, with the advanced equipment, technical backing, feeling the impartial handling of the each accident and escape detection accident confidence. On the scene of the accident protection. The teacher from three aspects to explain the road traffic accident and law enforcement duty site safety protection: 1, from the level of laws and regulations, Ministry of public security, proceeding from the actual conditions promulgated on the rules and regulations to strictly enforced, which requires each of us a police starting from their own point of view, for their own safety, must not omit any link, don't be afraid of trouble, this is ‎ Lists are not qualified for you alone are responsible for the unit is responsible for the family is responsible for; 2. Strengthen on-site protection facilities of the configuration and use, the first to buy and configuration of safety protection equipment, if equipment, but also about what door? Then is another question, equipment, how to use, the teacher of Tianjin accident lesson, because a lot of equipment, is not put into use, resulting in our police due to the lack of timely reminder of the accident, causing us to a number of police casualties; 3, the device is put into use, but also strengthen individual protection skills and teamwork training. In a word, We want to use qualified equipment and abide by laws and regulations, strengthen training of personal skills and teamwork and ensure its own security in the field staff. Through the study of five days of training, an increase of knowledge, learning the something new, strengthen the unit and brother of business flow, also found their own shortcomings, the next step I want to share of Wuxi advanced concepts and colleagues, common learning and common progress, makes the traffic police brigade accident treatment work more on the floor!‎ In recent years, XX city always adhere to a hand grasping the building, a hand grasp the management, and actively explore new mode of Biogas Service, strive to innovate new mechanism for ecological compensation, pay attention to enhance the image of the new energy team, cohesion to create a new bright spot of circular agriculture, biogas in scientific management, comprehensive utilization and achieved certain results.‎ First, the cultivation of new business entities, to explore new mode of follow-up services XX city has been built biogas 11 million households, biogas digesters is "treasure pool, biogas replaced the coal and firewood, become a clean, economic life energy, biogas pool instead of the old cesspool, become to improve the sanitary conditions of important possessions. With the maintenance quantity is increasing year by year, firedamp follow-up service into the long-standing problem.‎ To do a good job of Biogas Service, polish up the brand ‎ of "XX model and we guide biogas mechanic established biogas cooperation, energy service companies, such as the model of market main body. Through market service, breakthrough in the past by the government construction, maintenance, a pack in the end of the narrow concept, establish the" who benefits, who management "the correct concept. The main body of the new take innovative service mode, expand service content and other measures, developing biogas service, centralized gas supply pipeline construction and gas charging operation and other aspects of comprehensive management. It not only solves the problem of farm household biogas, and change the follow-up services, but also increases the income of service team. The cultivation of new subjects, to consolidate and improve the service system, the effective establishment of a long-term mechanism of biogas services, to achieve the standardization of the follow-up services, intensive and professional.‎ Two, the introduction of international carbon trading, innovative new mechanism for ecological compensation XX City Xiang Bai Guo centripetal rich is an ordinary farmers biogas, biogas his home with very good results, he is carbon fund project of farmers, this year, the winner of the Netherlands government to pay him thehich can identifyInspired by the introduction of $23, he used this carbon trading income to buy a new gas stove. This is XX household biogas clean development mechanism project is the United Nations first successfully registered household biogas carbon fund project. The project of 4330 household biogas pool, each year to reduce carbon emissions in 7298 tons, carbon emissions trading income of 10 million US dollars, equivalent to RMB 65 million yuan, carbon trading income subsidies to build pool farmer for biogas digesters follow-up maintenance provides ongoing capital investment in carbon fund project, XX City, the implementation of the "gas rewards" project, "whether the normal ignition, gas pressure size, pig herds head number Indicators will biogas digester using effect is good, medium and poor to refine the management and posting the use of farm household biogas, biogas use good farmers reward. Ecological compensation project implementation, increase the income of farmers, mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers, increase rate of the ‎ use of biogas, at this stage for the implementation of the voluntary emission reduction projects to provide a reference.‎ Three, establish an advanced service model, highlighting the new image of the energy team Repeatedly since the technology of biogas digesters "third built seven in charge, not good will be" a year, two years, three years four years keep frogs. To catch the follow-up service, to catch the team XX City in strengthening the team building process, the emergence of a number of service models and technical experts. Dragon and Phoenix Town Agricultural Service Center of Yuan Liang, is a typical representative. He from 2005 years engaged in gas, ten years as one day, always keep the people of noble sentiment, conscientiously perform their duties conscientiously serve the masses. His advanced deeds of people's daily, the farmer daily, Hubei Daily and other media reported that 2015 was named the provincial labor Model, by the Deputy Secretary of the provincial Party committee Zhang Changer as the new era of Shi Chuanxiang,‎ ‎ Yuan Liang with his dedication to the cause of the gas, won the majority of people good reputation.‎ Vigorously promote the typical deeds, strengthen the play. Incentive motivation, the city "for everyone to learn advanced, all vying for the advanced, everyone catch up with and surpass the advanced" has become so rampant, the team has the typical, post a pacesetter, set up the city's rural energy team for the good image of the civil service.‎ Four, to promote the development of circular agriculture, build a comprehensive utilization of a new bright spot Table, an important role in the profound understanding of the ecological "XX" from the ecological agriculture, XX city to biogas development of ecological agriculture, always adhere to the construction of biogas energy line overall circulation agriculture demonstration, in accordance with the "gas into people's homes, free installation, according to the charges, comprehensive utilization" principle, vigorously carry out the centralized gas supply, recycling for the purpose of biogas ‎ engineering construction. One is to carry out multi demonstration. The dragon and Phoenix Town, Tun Xiang Bai Guo Xiang, the construction of the biogas engineering as a link to the "pig - biogas - vegetable", "pig - biogas - tea", "pig - biogas - fruit" cycle of agricultural demonstration base, through a variety of experiments and demonstrations, summarize test result And promotion of demonstration experience. The second is to enhance the quality. The city in biogas production and utilization, research and development of "high yield biogas fermentation device and selenium enriched biogas fertilizer production method" is State Intellectual Property Office of the grant of the patent right, to enhance the level of technology of the city of Biogas fertilizer use. The third is to expand the use of the area. According to local conditions, due to implement the strategy, the follow-up services of biogas and biogas comprehensive utilization of organic combination, to solve the "planting no biogas pool", "biogas pool or not in the labor force", practical problems such as "labor without cultivation", let biogas fertilizer was in circulation and utilization.‎ The next step, XX city will in accordance with the provincial, state energy deployment, and further increase the efforts to the construction of biogas project, to accelerate rural biogas to the scale of development, comprehensive utilization and scientific management in the direction of transformation and upgrading, promote the sustainable development of biogas in rural areas.‎ In recent years, under the support and guidance of the provincial rural energy office, the county completed a total of household biogas pool nearly 7 million households, large-scale biogas project 4, small and medium-sized biogas project in 141, rural service outlets 211, subsidies for solar water heater 2340, biomass stove 2300 units, for the development of green agriculture, improve the people's quality of life play great role. In particular, we succeed in biogas purification, high value utilization based on, to further expand the scale, to open up the market, standardized management, to promote the transformation and upgrading of rural biogas project made some active exploration. Our approach to report as follows:‎ One, scale development, play the economic and social ‎ benefits of high quality of methane utilization Biogas high-quality exploit inspired new rural of our country's energy market, for installation of gas pipeline engineering of new rural residential demand. Since last year the province's rural biogas high quality using after the spot, we based on the basis, to expand the scale, an ample supply of gas source, to ensure that farmers with adequate quality of bio gas.‎ One is to expand the size of the original base. Last year held a spot of Qianfeng county and in the province of rural energy office, county government support, in the original 30 acres of the project on the basis of, to ratify the new 10 acres of land, according to large scale biogas centralized gas supply engineering construction requirements, invest 100 million yuan to build a 3000m3 volume of anaerobic fermentation tank, the implementation of technical innovation, using carbon steel output pipeline, building to gas 10000m3 above the new holder, and complete the related projects, assurance that have been developed to farmers with the supply of gas, 2016 Spring Festival peak ‎ gas during. There have been no interruption in supply, the user of ten Satisfaction.‎ Second is to actively open up new bases. This year, we through the comprehensive deployment of the county government, related to the integration of sector funds, in Pu Zhen Zhang Zhuang Songlin farm, the port town of gold farming cooperatives, plans to build two 2000m3 volume fermentor, copy forward mode, solve environmental pollution, fruit trees fertilizer, life problems with gas. We will also under the support of relevant departments, the forward mode is launched county public security, with conditions in other counties, willingness of biogas engineering base, to assist in the construction of gas compression purification equipment and production and marketing integration mode. At present, Qianfeng company has been declared a biogas purification, compression and canning 10 a number of utility Technology patents, 2 invention patents, has applied for a registered trademark of the striker, and with the equipment manufacturers to improve the equipment stereotypes and production and business license related work.‎ File, identity to access to a wide range of measures to implement a decentralized, and third, we will steadily develop the market, we forward the company together to form a team, the public security county, Nanping, lotus pond gate three town residential area development, joint concentrated propaganda, further mobilize and organize farmers to base inspection, to the user, enhance the perceptual knowledge, so that the majority of users of biomass gas from ignorance, doubt, and the safe, convenient, economical and practical advantages of convinced, blown away. At the same time, begin to rural area market development, Meng Zhen Jin Gang Cun Zha Kou Zhen De Yi Village pilot, the biomass gas supply farmers, let old people's lives improve grades. Popular support, this year, has added 2382 users. In the commercial sector, has also developed more than 10 food and beverage industry users, the amount of gas is equivalent to 500 civilian gas consumption.‎ Two, make an inventory of the stock, to play the role of high quality of the use of Biogas Rectification has been built in the biogas project, the use of mobile integrated compression purification equipment, the nearest gas recovery, the nearest distribution, improve the use of the original biogas project effect, give full play to the role of high quality and revitalize thProvince's rural marsh gas with high quality use after the spot, we organized a special group, on the basis of a full range of investigation and research, and forward the company together on the county's three large and medium-sized anaerobic fermentation tank be renovated and through technical transformation to restore gas production capacity, building integrated mobile compression purified gas recovery equipment, gas recovery at the price of one yuan per cubic meter by striker company recovery. Both sides have certain economic benefits, not only start the utilization of waste fermentation tank, but also saves the cost of new fermentation tank, achieve a win-win results.‎ Transformation of concentrated residential above at the same time, we also the county nearly 20 100m3 volume fermentation tank, technological transformation, the use of ‎ forward the company's equipment, so that to make full use of the conditions are ripe for the District, we use small equipment for purification of direct supply, the use of the user directly with clean and high quality raw material gas, deeply welcome. For example, we in Zhang Tian Si Zhen Chang Chun Cun residential area gas investment less than 20 million yuan, to more than 100 users for the natural gas. Through the entire old buildings and building new, one or two years to cover the whole county, and truly let the rural biogas upgrading work implemented, resulting in greater social benefits and economic benefits. ‎ Three, comprehensive utilization, to play the key role of biogas project to boost green agriculture Consumptive striker in my county is planting, livestock and poultry, aquatic County, according to statistics, the county pig herds 57 million head, poultry kept caged 9.7 million, large-scale farms and farming district more than 1000, animal manure and sewage emissions 20 million tons, aquaculture and environmental protection pressure. In the county government's support, we have more channels to raise ‎ funds, the biogas project near the base of the five towns more than 20 a livestock and poultry farm manure renovation to achieve separation of dry and wet, and each farm road repair, the company and the aquaculture field signed agreement, the implementation of paid service. On the one hand, to solve the environmental pollution problems, to ensure that the livestock and poultry breeding The healthy development of the industry, on the other hand, to ensure the Qianfeng company production of biomass gas raw materials, can effectively reduce the cost. In the treatment of biogas slurry and residue, we equip the a full automatic drip injection and spraying fertilization system, biogas slurry destined for the vegetable fruit base, through the pipe network, the use of automation in process of sprinkler irrigation and achieve small investment, big gains in effect.‎ Combined with biogas centralized supply through the establishment of biogas households, biogas comprehensive utilization demonstration area, fan out from point to area, to expand the scale, give full play to the commercial, biogas fertilizer fertilize the soil effect. Comprehensive ‎ utilization of agricultural structure adjustment to construction of biogas as a link, promote aquaculture, driven by planting industry development, and vigorously promote the "pig - Marsh - fruit, pig - Marsh - food, pig - Marsh - Fish" green mode, to create eco brand, organic brand. Over the past two years, we met with Xing Long ecological farm, Dorian vegetable cooperatives and Jin Gang grape base jointly invested more than 30 million, to build three "three natural ponds" comprehensive utilization project pilot, the economic benefit is obvious, vegetable growers of identity And praise.‎ Although we have done some work on the use of biogas in high quality, but according to industry standards and market operation requirements there are many procedures need to complete, we urge the department pay more to give guidance and support, to ensure that rural biogas high-quality use of standardization, scale, standardization and rapidly to the province, and strive to promote the country.e stock.‎