高考英语真题全国II卷试题精讲含答案和每道题目详细解释 24页

绝密★启用前 ‎2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语（全国卷II）‎ 本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。共150分。考试时间120分钟。‎ 第一卷 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。‎ ‎3. 考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分：英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）‎ 第一节 语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）‎ 从A, B, C, D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，‎ 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 例：have A. gave B. save C. hat D. made 答案是C。‎ ‎1. cushion A. button B. butcher C. bury D. duty ‎2. country A. announce B. cough C. encourage D. shoulder ‎3. pillow A. flower B. allow C. knowledge D. follow ‎4. reach A. breathe B. really C. pleasure D. heaven ‎5. Christmas A. handkerchief B. teacher C. ache D. merchant ‎【答案】‎ ‎1-5 BCDAC ‎ 第二节 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 从A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑。‎ 例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.‎ A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 答案是B。‎ ‎6. —Did you forget about my birthday?‎ ‎— ____ I’ve booked a table at Michel’s restaurant for this evening.‎ A. What then? B. I’m afraid so.‎ C. How could I? D. For sure.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【考点】本题考查交际用语的用法辨析。‎ ‎【解析】根据答语可知，答话人已经在餐厅预定了餐桌，因此选C，表示“怎么能忘了呢”。‎ ‎7. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.‎ A. this B. that C. what D. which ‎【答案】D ‎【考点】本题考查非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎【解析】因为有逗号，所以不能选that，而选which，指代前面整个主句的内容。‎ ‎8. If you ____ smoke, please go outside.‎ A. can B. should C. must D. may ‎【答案】C ‎【考点】本题考查情态动词must的用法。‎ ‎【解析】根据句意：如果你一定想要吸烟，那就请到外边去。must表示“一定，偏偏”。‎ ‎9. If you don’t like the drink you ____ just leave it and try a different one.‎ A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered ‎【答案】A ‎【考点】本题考查一般过去时。‎ ‎【解析】饮料是已经预定了的，所以该空可以一般过去时，故选答案A。‎ ‎10. Mary, I ____ John of his promise to help you.‎ A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】本题考查动词的辨析。‎ ‎【解析】根据句意：玛丽，我提醒约翰履行帮助你的诺言。remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事。‎ ‎11. I got this bicycle for ____; my friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.‎ A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing ‎【答案】D ‎【考点】本题考查不定代词的用法。‎ ‎【解析】根据句中的解释，可知自行车是朋友送给我的，因此选nothing，for nothing表示“免费”。‎ ‎12. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is ____ another to play it well yourself.‎ A. quite B. very C. rather D. much ‎【答案】A ‎【考点】本题考查副词的辨析。‎ ‎【解析】根据句意：听音乐是一回事，演奏音乐是另一回事。在第二句中省略了thing, quite another (thing) 表示“完全不同、完全是另一回事”。‎ ‎13. Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and ____.‎ A. neither won’t Tom B. Tom won’t either C. Tom will too D. so will Tom ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】本题考查省略结构。‎ ‎【解析】根据句意：简今天晚上不和我们一起吃饭，汤姆也不。如果选A项，则要用肯定式neither will Tom，B项是陈述句的否定。‎ ‎14. This shop will be closed for repairs ____ further notice.‎ A. with B. until C. for D. at ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】本题考查连词的辨析。‎ ‎【解析】主句中be closed是延续性动词，until在肯定句中表示谓语动作延续到表示的时间为止。‎ ‎15. The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.‎ A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined ‎【答案】C ‎【考点】本题考查非谓语作状语的用法。‎ ‎【解析】join…to…表示“把……连接起来”，joined在句中是过去分词作定语，相当于定语从句which is joined…。‎ ‎16. As he reached ____ front door, Jack saw ____ strange sight.‎ A. the; 不填 B. a; the C.不填a D. the; a ‎【答案】D ‎【考点】本题考查定冠词和不定冠词的用法。‎ ‎【解析】根据句意：当杰克到前门时，他看到了一个奇怪的景象。第一空the表示方位，特指前门；第二空表示“一个”。‎ ‎17. Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a ____ boss.‎ A. better B. good C. best D. still better ‎【答案】A ‎【考点】本题考查形容词比较级的用法。‎ ‎【解析】根据句意前半句可知，史蒂文先生工作棒极了，后面意味这再也找不到更好的老板了，用否定副词与比较级连用表达最高级。‎ ‎18. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ____ nothing about the argument.‎ A. says B: said C. to say D. saying ‎【答案】D ‎【考点】本题考查非谓语作状语的用法。‎ ‎【解析】saying与主句的主语Sarah在逻辑上是主谓关系，在句中作伴随状语。‎ ‎19. It was a nice meal, ____ a little expensive.‎ A. though B. whether C. as D. since ‎【答案】A ‎【考点】本题考查连词的辨析。‎ ‎【解析】根据句意：虽然有点贵，饭还是不错的。在连词though之后省略了it was。‎ ‎20. — So you gave her your phone?‎ ‎— ____ she said she’d return it to me when she could afford her own.‎ A. My pleasure B. Not exactly C. No doubt D. All right ‎【答案】B ‎【考点】本题考查交际用语的用法辨析。‎ ‎【解析】根据答语部分，可知答话人只是借给她电话，因此这里指不是完全送给她，故选Not ‎ exactly。‎ 第三节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the 21 home from work in the evenings. A man will be 22 the newspaper, and seconds later it 23 as if he is trying to 24 it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger 25 next to him. 26 place where unplanned short sleep 27 is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring (打鼾) so _ 28 that the professor has to ask another student to 29 the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing (尴尬) situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the 30 of the head pushes the arm off the 31 , and the movement carries the 32 of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no 33 of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when 34 . Police reports are full of 35 that occur when people fall into sleep and go 36 the road. If the drivers are 37 , they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car, 38 , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of 39 and thought it was raining. When people are really 40 , nothing will stop them from falling asleep -- no matter where they are.‎ ‎21. A. way B. track C. path D. road ‎ ‎22. A. buying B. folding C. delivering D. reading ‎ ‎23. A. acts B. shows C. appears D. sounds ‎ ‎24. A. open B. eat C. find D. finish ‎ ‎25. A. lying B. waiting C. talking D. sitting ‎ ‎26. A. Next B. Every C. Another D. One ‎ ‎27. A. goes on B. ends up C. lasts D. returns ‎ ‎28. A. bravely B. happily C. loudly D. carelessly ‎29. A. leave B. shake C. keep D. watch ‎30. A. size B. shape C. weight D. strength ‎31. A. cushion B. desk C. shoulder D. book ‎ ‎32. A. action B. position C. rest D. side ‎33. A. memory B. reason C. question D. purpose ‎34. A. thinking B. working C. walking D. driving ‎35. A. changes B. events C. ideas D. accidents ‎36. A. up B. off C. along D. down ‎37. A. lucky B. awake C. calm D. strong ‎38. A. in time B. at first C. as usual D. for example ‎39. A. dust B. water C. grass D. bush ‎40. A. tired B. drunk C. lonely D. lazy ‎【答案】‎ ‎21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D ‎26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C ‎ ‎31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D ‎36. B 37. A 38. D 38. B 40. A ‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是一篇社会文化类的夹叙夹议文，文章举了学生和司机的例子，描述了不同人在不同场合或环境下睡觉的状态，从而得出人在真正感到疲劳时，不论在哪里，没有什么可以阻止他睡觉的中心思想。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎21. 本题考查名词理解。根据from work可知选A，on the way home意为“在回家的路上”，故选A项。‎ ‎22. 本题考查动词及固定搭配理解。读报纸短语为“read the newspaper”，故选D项。‎ ‎23. 本题考查动词理解。appears意为“看起来”，读了几秒钟报纸后，看起来好像要把报纸吃掉一样。是形象的描写，故选C项。‎ ‎24. 本题考查动词及篇章理解。根据上题解析，此人似乎要将报纸吃掉一样，这样才是瞌睡的状态。open 打开 ，find 发现，finish完成，均不符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎25. 本题考查动词理解。根据语义可知，睡着了靠在旁边人的肩膀上，只有坐在旁边的人才能靠在肩膀上，故选D项，现在分词短语做后置定语。‎ ‎26. 本题考查形容词理解。another意为“又一、再一”，这里列举另外一个容易睡觉的场所，是众多当中的又一个，故选C项。‎ ‎27. 本题考查动词及固定搭配。go on“继续，发生”；end up“结束”；last“持续”；return “归还，回来”，此处继续列举容易睡觉的场所，故选A项。‎ ‎28. 本题考查副词。根据下文可知，教授让别的同学叫醒他，是因为他的打鼾声音太大了，‎ loudly“大声地，高声地”；bravely“勇敢地”；happily“幸福地”；carelessly“粗心大意地，疏忽地”，故选C项。‎ ‎29. 本题考查动词及篇章理解。shake“摇摆，摇”，教授让别的同学摇醒那个睡觉打鼾的人，打鼾说明睡得很熟，因此要摇醒，故选B项。 ‎ ‎30. 本题考查动词及篇章理解。weight 意为“重量”，令人尴尬的是学生趴在桌子上睡着了，头的重量是得胳膊滑下桌子，故选C项。‎ ‎31. 本题考查名词及上下文联系。根据上题解析，胳膊离开了桌子，故选B项。‎ ‎32. 本题考查上下文联系。胳膊离开了桌子，带动身体其他部分也滑到了地上，rest意为“剩下的”，故选C项。‎ ‎33. 本题考查名词及篇章理解。memory意为“记忆、印象”，跌倒地上所以醒来，但是对自己为什么会这样做却没有丝毫的印象。故选A项。‎ ‎34. 本题考查动词及篇章理解。后文提到司机可知，此处指最严重的事情是开车时打瞌睡，故选D项。‎ ‎35. 本题考查名词理解。accidents 意为“交通事故”，警察的报道中几乎都是由于疲劳驾驶导致的交通事故，故选D项。‎ ‎36. 本题考查动词固定搭配。go off意为“离开，进行”，开车睡觉时，将车开出了道路。go up意为“上升，增长”，go along 意为“前进，进行”，go down意为“下降，沉没”。‎ ‎37. 本题考查形容词及篇章理解。作者想表达，如果司机开车时睡觉，幸运的话，他们不会受伤很严重。这里实际上是描述在开车睡觉发生事故以后的推断，要联系上下文才能选出正确选项，其他选项不符合语境。‎ ‎38. 本题考查固定搭配。in time 意为“及时”，at first意为“首先”，as usual意为“像往常一样”，for example意为“例如”。后文举例说明的是开车睡觉的危险性，故选D项。‎ ‎39. 本题考查篇章理解。根据上文提到“went into the river”，下文当然是在水里醒来，故选B项。‎ ‎40. 本题考查篇章理解。文章开头中提到“so tired”，末尾表示，人在真正感到疲劳时，不论在哪里，没有什么可以阻止他睡觉的，与文章开头相互呼应，故选A项。‎ ‎【体裁】夹叙夹议文 ‎【话题】社会文化（社会生活）‎ ‎【题型】客观题 ‎【难度】中等。文章主要考查了短语的固定搭配，选材上来说非常贴近学生生活，‎ 没有涉及到语法，将着眼点放到了篇章上，重点考查上下文的意义关系。学生在答题时只要沿着主题读下去，掌握个别词语的用法就能达到正确选题。‎ 第二部分：阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）‎ 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Since 1984, Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one, graffiti-covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. So far, more than 1,800 murals (壁画) have been painted. Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.‎ The walls that were once ugly with graffiti (涂鸦) are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphia’s Anti-Graffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAP’s artistic director. “When people ask me what our program is about,” she says, “I answer them with one word: hope.” Each year, the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops. Some one-time graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.‎ The MAP’s work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社区). When a neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Some messages have been “Safe Streets”, “Love and Care”, and “Peace Walk”.‎ The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year, the workers painted 140 murals.‎ ‎“The making of a mural enters people’s collective memory as an extraordinary, pleasant moment in neighborhood history.” says Golden, who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.‎ ‎【语篇解读】‎ 本文是一篇社会文化类的记叙文。主要介绍了美国费城在MAP（壁画艺术项目）的帮助下，由一个满是丑陋涂鸦墙的城市转变为拥有许多美丽壁画的城市，并陈述了MLP的理念、如何运作以及取得的成果。‎ ‎41. What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Love, from Graffiti Writers to Muralists B. MAP, a New Company in Philadelphia C. Jane, an Excellent Mural Artist D. Hope, One Wall at a Time ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题属于主旨大意题中的选择标题。本题需要理解全篇文章的整体内容和主旨，为其选择合适的题目。A选项将重点放在了由涂鸦艺术家向壁画艺术家的转变。B选项是用MAP这个组织作为题目。C选项是以MAP中的艺术家Jane作为题目。而文章主旨是介绍了美国费城在MAP（壁画艺术项目）的帮助下，由一个满是丑陋涂鸦墙的城市转变为拥有许多美丽壁画的城市，ABC选项都只提到了其中的一部分，用做题目的话以偏概全，无法囊括文章的主旨。而D选项，用浪漫主义的手法概括了文章的主旨，并且Hope也是MAP的理念所在。‎ ‎42. What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?‎ A. Helping the young find jobs.‎ B. Protecting the neighborhood.‎ C. Fighting against graffiti.‎ D. Attracting more visitors.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的语义转化题。题目考查MAP的目的所在。文章中第二段第四行指出“The program began as part of Philadelphia’s Anti-Graffiti Network.”。这个项目新建之初是“费城反涂鸦组织”的一员，因此它的目的是反对涂鸦，和C选项意思相同——和涂鸦抗争。Anti的意思和Fighting against的意思均为“反抗，反对”。‎ ‎43. How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural?‎ A. By having discussions with people in the community.‎ B. By seeking advice from the city government.‎ C. By learning from the young graffiti writers.‎ D. By studying the history of the city.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节题。文章中第三段第二行指出“When a neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP works with the people there to develop a message”‎ ‎。可见当MAP决定壁画的主题时，要和当地的人进行讨论，因此选A。其中community是社区的意思，people in the community即当地的人。‎ ‎44. Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?‎ A. Difficult. B. Dangerous. C. Experimental. D. Successful.‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题属于观点态度题中的推测作者的情感倾向题。本题考查作者对MAP工作成就的态度。全篇都在描述费城由涂鸦之城变成壁画之城的巨大转变，字里行间对MAP的工作大加肯定。比如在第二段的第一、二行用美丽形容MAP提供的壁画艺术，并感谢MAP做的贡献。在第四段中阐述了MAP的工作量，侧面写出了对费城的巨大作用。因此MAP的工作是成功的。‎ ‎【体裁】记叙文 ‎【话题】社会文化类 B For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world, self-awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence.‎ Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying every little attention to the reflected image. Only humans, and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins, have shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.‎ Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self-reflection test.‎ ‎“We thought that elephants were the next important animal,” said Dianna Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B.M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains, Reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”‎ The researchers tested Happy, Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8-foot-square mirror on a wall of the animals’ play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.‎ The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it, and to examine parts of their bodies.‎ Of the three, Happy then passed the test, in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.‎ Diana Reiss said, “We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】‎ 本文是一篇科普知识类的记叙文。文章阐述了自我意识是区分动物聪明与否的标志，这可以通过能否在镜中辨认出自己来判断。科学家通过实验证实亚洲象可以辨认出自己身上的标记，是一种高智商的动物。‎ ‎45. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?‎ A. Whether they have large brains.‎ B. Whether they have self-awareness.‎ C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.‎ D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节题。文章中第二段第一句提到“Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror”，意思是自我意识可以通过动物能否辨认出镜子中的自己来测试，因此题目问镜子测试能告诉我们什么时，应该选择B选项——是否有自我意识。‎ ‎46. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?‎ A. They are most familiar to readers.‎ B. They are big favorites with zoo visitors.‎ C. They are included in the study by Reiss.‎ D. They are already known to be intelligent.‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节题。文章在第二段第三行提到“Only humans, and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins, have shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.”只有人类和一些高级动物（比如猩猩和海豚）能够在镜子中认出自己。题目问为何作者要提到猩猩和海豚，是为了说明已知它们是非常聪明的动物，故选D选项。‎ ‎47. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?‎ A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.‎ B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.‎ C. She painted a mark on her own face.‎ D. She found the hidden camera.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节题。文章中第七段指出“Of the three, Happy then passed the test, in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.”。三头象中，只有Happy通过了测试，正好对应了题目中的“different”，是Happy与其他两头象的不同之处。后半句又说，在Happy的半边脸上清楚的做了标记。Happy通过看镜子可以找到标记在哪里，她也可以通过镜子用自己的长鼻子触摸标记。因此总体说来就是Happy在镜子实验中可以辨识出自己，故选择B选项。‎ ‎【体裁】记叙文 ‎【话题】科普知识类 C Student Membership—Cambridge Arts Cinema Cambridge Arts Cinema is one of the art houses in Britain and home of the internationally celebrated Cambridge Film Festival. Since 1947 generations of students have discovered the wealth of world cinema. Now you too can make most of it and save money.‎ ‎【语篇解读】‎ 本文是一篇广告信息类的应用文。文章主要目的是为了宣传剑桥艺术剧院的学生会员制。广告中提供了有关于剧院特色、会员权利、办理方式、价格、期限、联系方式等信息。‎ ‎48. Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema?‎ A. The Cambridge Film Festival.‎ B. Meetings with filmmakers.‎ C. The preview screening.‎ D. Monthly premieres.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节题。文章中第一段第一句提到“Cambridge Arts Cinema is one of the art houses in Britain and home of the internationally Cambridge Film Festival.”，意思是剑桥艺术剧院是英国的众多艺术剧院之一，它也是国际著名的剑桥电影节的故乡。由此可知，剑桥艺术剧院最有名的活动就是剑桥电影节，也就是A选项。用排除法亦可得到正确答案，B、C、D选项都在后面得剧院特色中出现。‎ ‎49. If you’re a member of Cambridge Arts Cinema, you will enjoy free ________.‎ A. Darkroom Gallery shows B. mailed programmes C. special film events D. film shows ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的语义转化题。文章在“What you get as a member”（会员权利）中提到“your own copy of each cinema programme mailed free of charge”，意思是：成为会员，你可以得到免费邮寄的剧院节目单，故可以免费得到的是邮寄的节目单，选B选项。‎ ‎50. How long will the membership for Cambridge Arts Cinema last?‎ A. Four months. B. Eight months. C. Nine months. D. One year.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的数字计算题。文章中关于缴费和期限的部分指出“your card can be used from 1st October 2011 to 30th June ‎2012”‎，由此可以计算会员的期限是从2011年的‎10月1日到2012年的‎6月30日，总共是9个月，故选C选项。‎ ‎51. For what purpose is the text written?‎ A. Offering students cheaper tickets. ‎ B. Announcing the opening of a premiere.‎ C. Telling the public of the cinema’s address.‎ D. Increasing the cinema’s membership.‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题属于观点态度题中的推测作者的写作意图和观点类题。文章的题目就是剑桥艺术剧院的学生会员制，在文中也写到成为会员的好处，如何办理等等，作为一则广告，目的就在于吸引更多的人来办理会员，故选D选项。‎ ‎【体裁】应用文 ‎【话题】广告信息类 D The way we do things round here Some years ago, I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started, “Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “we’re kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.” Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”, while in British English it means “fairly”.‎ So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I ‎ don’t just mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures (文化). ‎ Some of these differences may be only on the surface-dress, food and hours of work-while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate (气候), while getting on with business.‎ Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite; the service is better; you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality (准时). If you invite people to a party at 7 o’clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.‎ ‎【语篇解读】‎ 本文是一篇社会文化类的记叙文。作者通过自身在美国银行工作时误解单词意思的经历，引出整篇文章的主题，即各国文化差异的不同。又举了准时的例子，告诉我们最好的办法就是学习当地的文化并且适应。‎ ‎52. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought ________. ‎ A. the American bank didn’t think much of him B. the American bank might hire another person C. it’s difficult to get used to American culture D. it’s easy to misunderstand Americans ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节类。文章中第一段讲到作者在数年前被美国银行雇佣，收到人事部经理的来信时误解了“quite”的意思。他按照英式的理解以为银行对他不是十分的满意，而其实在美式英语中，“quite”是非常的意思，是作者理解错了。因此，文中作者不太高兴的原因是他认为银行不太重视他，因此选择A选项。‎ ‎53. The word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.‎ A. encourages B. helps to narrow C. increases D. draws attention to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】本题属于词义猜测类中的利用构词法来猜测词义题。“highlight”由“high”和“light”构成，意思组合起来为高光，一束高光照射在某处，可以猜出词义是强调、突出、着重、引起注意的意思，因此选择D选项。整句话的意思是：在不同的文化中，要着重注意人们做事情的方式有何不同。‎ ‎54. According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences?‎ A. Ask the native people for help. B. Understand and accept them.‎ C. Do things in our own way. D. Do in-depth research.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节类题。题目考查面对不同文化我们该如何处理。文章中多次提到，例如第三段的第二行提到“Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them”，我们必须习惯这些不同并且接受他它们。故选B选项。‎ ‎55. When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are ________.‎ A. Italians B. Germans C. Greeks D. the British.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节题。文章最后一段第三行中提到：“If you invite people to a party at 7 o’clock, your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany.”意思是：如果你邀请了朋友七点来聚会，在德国客人会认为准时来是最有礼貌的。后面又列举了在其他国家的情况。故选B选项。‎ ‎【体裁】记叙文 ‎【话题】社会文化类 E ‎“I didn’t hear them call my name,” explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens (AT) as she talked about that exciting moment on national television when she won the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004. “Are you ready?” is what she heard. Then she said, “I shook my head no, and then they said ‘yes’ and it was announced again.”‎ It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan, Louisiana—she was still on cloud nine. ‎ ‎“I was so shocked! I never believed that it could actually really happen.” Present in the audience (观众) that day were: her mother and father, older brother, her friends, and her dance ‎ teacher.‎ Understanding why members of her family and her friends would be there, AT asked why her dance teacher had traveled so far to see her compete (比赛). “She’s always been my role model. I’ve danced with her since I was six. She’s been through so many difficulties and came through them all. I’ve learned to get over bad life’s experiences and learned how to move on because of her.”‎ One of those bad life’s experiences for Shelley happened three years ago when her brother Brad was killed in a drunk driving accident. He was 18. She found writing helped her get through the rough days. She said, “I write a lot about my brother. I write a lot, a lot, a lot...”‎ As Miss Louisiana Teen, she traveled around the state speaking to teens (青少年) about the dangers of drinking and driving. In her role as Miss Teen USA, Shelley will continue to speak to youth about safe driving, in addition to many other things to help the youth.‎ When AT asked Miss Teen USA if she had any advice for our readers, she said, “Don’t let anyone change you. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself. That way, it is easy to be yourself.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】‎ 本文是一篇人物故事类的记叙文，讲述的是Shelley Hennig获得美国小姐的故事。文章讲述了她刚刚获奖时的兴奋，她的舞蹈老师以及她哥哥的死对她的影响和她给青少年的建议。‎ ‎56. What do the words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A. frightened B. troubled C. very happy D. very angry ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】本题属于词义猜测类中的利用上下文内容理解词义题。文章中第二段讲到“It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeen-year-old high school student from Destrehan, Louisiana—she was still on cloud nine.”它的意思是：从这个十七岁的高中女孩生命改变的那一天起接下来的四天中，她都……此处是描述她的心情，联系上下文可知，获得美国小姐这一称号，她非常兴奋。因此选C。‎ ‎57. Shelley takes her dance teachers as a role model mainly because she is ________.‎ A. determined B. friendly C. strict D. experienced.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节题。文章的第四段中提到：“She’s always been my ‎ role model．I’ve danced with her since I was six. She’s been through so many difficulties and came through them all. I’ve learned to get over bad life’s experiences and learned how to move on because of her.”Shelley把她的舞蹈老师当作偶像，原因是因为她克服了重重困难。Shelley学到了战胜生命中的不好的经历然后继续走下去。因此，她的舞蹈老师是非常果断坚定的。“determined”这个词是果断坚定的意思，因此选择A选项。‎ ‎58. How many children did the Hennigs have according to the text?‎ A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】本题属于推理判断题深层推理题。题目考查Shelley家有几个孩子。在文章第三段中“Present in the audience（观众）that day were: her mother and father, older brother, her friends, and her dance teacher.”可知：当Shelley获奖时，在观众席上的有她的爸爸，妈妈，哥哥，朋友和舞蹈老师。而文章的第五段中又提到三年前她的一个18岁的哥哥因醉酒驾驶去世。因此Shelley有两个哥哥，家里共有三个孩子，故选C选项。‎ ‎59. What did Shelley often do after she became Miss Louisiana Teen?‎ A. She visited drunken drivers.‎ B. She gave dance performance.‎ C. She made speeches on safe driving.‎ D. She helped other teens with their studies.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的语义转化题。文章第五段第三行中提到：“As Miss Louisiana Teen, she traveled around the state speaking to teens（青少年）about the dangers of drinking and driving.”意思是：成为了美国小姐后，她在全美履行演讲，告诉青少年醉酒驾驶的危险。C选项的意思是她做了许多安全驾驶的演讲，和文章中意思一致。因此选择C选项。‎ ‎60. What suggestion does Shelley give to the teens?‎ A. Be yourself with the support of friends.‎ B. Meet friends whenever possible.‎ C. Go easy on yourself and others.‎ D. Have a good role model.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题属于细节理解题中的事实细节题。文章最后一段中提到她给青少年的建议是：“Don’t let anyone change you. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself. That way, it is easy to be yourself.”意思是：别让别人改变你。和让你感到舒服的朋友出去玩儿，做你自己。B选项的意思是和支持你的朋友在一起，做你自己。和文中意思一致，故选择A选项。‎ ‎【体裁】记叙文 ‎【话题】人物故事类 第二节 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎—Excuse me, have you been waiting long?‎ ‎—About ten minutes.‎ ‎— 61 ‎ ‎—Not while I’ve been standing here. I’m waiting for the number seven myself.‎ ‎—Good. Hot today, isn’t it?‎ ‎—Yes, it is. 62 ‎ ‎—Me too. This is unusual for March I don’t remember it ever being so hot and dry in March before.‎ ‎—You’re from Florida then.‎ ‎—Not really. 63 ‎ ‎—My mother and I have just moved here from Indiana.‎ ‎—Pretty cold in Indiana, isn’t it?‎ ‎—Yes. That’s why we moved. But we didn’t know that it would be so hot here. We should have gone to California. 64 ‎ ‎—No. It’s always a little late. Do you have the time? My watch has stopped working.‎ ‎— 65 ‎ ‎—Don’t worry. It never comes exactly on the half hour like it should.‎ A. I wish that it would rain and cool.‎ B. Do you think that we’ve missed the bus?‎ C. No, it is always quite cool here in summer.‎ D. It is twenty to one by my watch, but it is a little fast.‎ E. Did you notice whether the number seven bus has gone by?‎ R. I was born in New York, but I’ve lived here for ten years now.‎ G. I have been waiting here for half an hour and still haven’t seen the bus.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎61-65 EAFBD 第二卷 注意事项：1. 用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。‎ ‎2. 答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。‎ 第四部分：写作（共三节，满分55分）‎ 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡上相应题号的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正 确形式。（每空只写一词）‎ ‎66. We’re taking our vacation in______(七月). ‎ ‎67. You can get even better deals if you are prepared to (讨价还价). ‎ ‎68. The cards had been________(卡住) through the letterbox. ‎ ‎69. Smith went to Chicago for________(技术) training. ‎ ‎70. Bob is six feet in________(身高). ‎ ‎71. You’ll______(逐渐) get better at it—it’s just a question of practice. ‎ ‎72. He put the rubbish into the_______(塑料) bag and took it downstairs. ‎ ‎73. He (道歉) publicly for his mistake the day before yesterday. ‎ ‎74. Tall people like rooms with high________(天花板). ‎ ‎75. Eve was cutting the grass, and (同时) Les was planting roses. ‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎66. July 67. bargain 68. stuck 69. technical 70. height ‎ ‎71. gradually 72. plastic 73. apologized 74. cellings 75. meanwhile/meantime 第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：‎ 此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。‎ 此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。‎ 此行错一个词：在错的词下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。‎ 注意：原行没有错的不要改。‎ Dear George,‎ It’s been a week after we left your family and we are now 76. ‎ back home. Thank you very much for showing them around 77. your city and providing us for the wonderful meals. After 78. ‎ we said goodbye to you, we went to Washington D.C., 79. ‎ where we stayed for three days. My brother was so much fond 80. ‎ of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying 81. ‎ another couple of day. However, my father had to return to 82. ‎ work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. It 83. ‎ was really a nice experience. If you’d like to make trip to 84. ‎ our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. 85. ‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Mike ‎【答案】‎ Dear George,‎ It’s been a week after we left your family and we are now 76. since ‎ back home. Thank you very much for showing them around 77. us ‎ your city and providing us for the wonderful meals. After 78. with ‎ we said goodbye to you, we went to Washington D.C., 79. √ ‎ where we stayed for three days. My brother was so much fond 80. much ‎ of the museums there that he begged my parents to staying 81. stay ‎ another couple of day. However, my father had to return to 82. days ‎ work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. It 83. flew ‎ was really a nice experience. If you’d like to make ∧ trip to 84. a ‎ our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. 85. more ‎ ‎ Yours,‎ ‎ Mike 第三节 书面表达（满分30分）‎ 假定你是李华，你所喜爱的Global Mirror周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见。请你依据以下内容给主编写封信，内容主要包括：‎ ‎1. 说明你是该报的忠实读者 ‎2. 赞赏该报优点：‎ ‎1) 兼顾国内外新闻 ‎2) 介绍名人成功故事 ‎3. 提出建议：刊登指导英语学习的文章 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Editor-in-Chief,‎ Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!‎ ‎ ‎ Sincerely yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 本文为书信形式的应用文写作。信的开头和结尾都已经给出。题目中对文章结构和部分内容做出了提示，降低了写作难度，考生可在此基础上适当添加细节。根据题目，文章的内容分为3部分，一是“介绍自己为该报的忠实读者”，二是该报的优点，三是给报刊提出建议。其中第二、三点为重点。考生添加的报刊优点和建议应当合情合理，同时原因、建议不只一个，因此一定要注意写作的逻辑性，适当运用过渡性词语，如besides，what’s more， finally等。为了提高文章的表达档次，可以注意使用较复杂的句式（如定语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句）。‎ ‎【范文1】‎ Dear Editor-in-Chief,‎ Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!‎ I am a regular reader of your newspaper. I like it very much mainly for the following two reasons. First, it covers both national and international news so that, by simply turning the pages, I can learn all important things that have happened during the week. Equally attractive are the ‎ success stories of world-famous people, which help me understand how a person can work hard to make the world a better place.‎ As a student, I suggest that Global Mirror carry articles to guide us in our English learning, and I hope that it will become even more popular.‎ Sincerely yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【范文2】‎ Dear Editor-in-Chief, ‎ Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!‎ I’m a regular reader of your Weekly and it is due to its two advantages that I show strong love for the newspaper. ②On one hand, it is a newspaper where readers can get the latest civil and foreign news in time. ③On the other hand②, there are many stories about how famous people succeeded, from which we can benefit a lot.④‎ However, I still have a suggestion to make. If only the Weekly contained some articles guiding us through learning English⑤, it will be more than a newspaper for a middle school student. ⑥‎ Sincerely yours, ‎ Li Hua ‎【范文评析】‎ 本篇习作语言地道，覆盖了所有要点，虽只有94个词，但在此中，众多的高级句式结构却被作者运用得恰到好处，如定语从句、强调结构、宾语从句、虚拟语气等。难能可贵的是，作者对写作要点拿捏得很准，最后在提建议时，适当发挥，使得建议的意义更大。‎ ‎【词句积累】‎ ‎①使用强调结构，使得句型富有变化。‎ ‎②用on one hand，on the other hand来代替庸俗的first(ly)，second(ly)，非常好！另外，还能增加字数。‎ ‎③在该句中使用where定语从句，显示该考生的语法很强。‎ ‎④介词后的宾语从句，非限制性定语从句的应用，令阅卷老师折服了。作者的巨型布局艺术，其语法的娴熟，并能得心应手地收发自如，让阅卷老师赞赏。‎ ‎⑤此处使用if only，谓语要用虚拟语气，妙！妙！另外，guide sb. through doing sth.‎ ‎ 体现该考生较强的词汇运用能力。‎ ‎⑥more than是一个亮点表达。该句使短文的意义得到升华。‎ ‎【范文3】‎ Dear Editor-in-Chief，‎ Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!‎ I have been a faithful reader since Global Mirror started. ①‎ It is the unique advantages of the newspaper that always attract my affection. ②For one thing③, the newspaper covers news both at home and abroad, which opens a window for us to learn what is happening in the world. ④For another③, stories about some famous people are introduced to readers, which tell of how they succeeded in what they did. ‎ The newspaper is indeed my best friend, but I think you’d better have some articles that can guide us to learn English. ⑤If so, it will have a larger audience of readers. ‎ Sincerely yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【范文评析】‎ 本篇习作一气呵成，滴水不漏。运用了一些高级句式结构如强调句型，非限制性定语从句等。时态把握准确到位，如since引导的现在完成时，to learn后的现在进行时等，使文章增色不少。总的来说是一篇好文章。‎ ‎【词句积累】‎ ‎①一开始就用since，时态正确，先声夺人。‎ ‎②使用强调句型，征服阅卷老师。‎ ‎③用for one thing和for another代替平庸first和second，显示作者的词汇能力。‎ ‎④非限制性定语从句的使用，to learn后的现在进行时态，无不让人叹服。‎ ‎⑤巧妙地使用but，委婉，又达到提建议的目的。‎ ‎【话题】兴趣与爱好 ‎【体裁】应用文：书信 ‎【题型】提纲式