09高考英语二轮语法专项复习学案十五形容词和副词 8页

‎09高考英语二轮语法专项复习学案十五 形容词和副词 比较级和最高级及其使用 形容词的比较级和最高级 说 明 例 词 一般情况 加er, est smaller, smallest 以e 结尾 加r,st larger, largest 单音节词和少数多音节的形容词，加词尾er ,est 以"辅音字母+y "结尾的词 改y为i，再加er,est busier, busiest 重读闭高考资源网音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母，加er,est fatter, fattest 以ow,er结尾的双音节词 加er ,est narrower, www.ks5u.comnarrowest　　cleverer,clevest 多数双音节和多音节的词 加more most more beautiful,　　most important ‎　　‎ 副词的比较级和最高级 ‎　　1．大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more 和most 来构成比较级和最高级。‎ ‎　　2．少数单音节副词，加er,est 构成其比较级和最高级 。‎ ‎　　几个特殊的形容词和副词w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。m 原级 比较级 最高级 good ,well better best bad, ill, badly worse worst many ,much more most little less least far farther, further farthest,further old older, elder oldest, eldest ‎　‎ 比较级和最高级的常用句型 ‎ 名称 句型 例句 相等 as 原形 as 　　 ‎ ‎(as 原形+名词 as )‎ The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train.　He has not as much money as his friend.‎ 不及 not as(so) 原形 as 　　‎ ‎(not as[so ]+名词+原形 as )‎ She is not as (so)beautiful as her sister.‎ 比较级+ than Health is more important than wealth.‎ 超越 the +比较级+of the two　　两者中较… 的一个 He is the taller of the two.‎ 用于否定 no +比较级+than 　　‎ 和…一样不 He is no richer than I.　　‎ 他和我一样不富有。‎ 用于否定 最…不过 His work couldn't be worse.　　‎ 他的工作再糟糕不过了。‎ 程度递增 er and er，more and more+多音节词原级 (越来越…)‎ higher and higher more and more important 两种情况同时变化 the +比较级，the+比较级　　（越…，越…）‎ The quicker you get ready, the sooner we'll be able to leave.‎ 三者或三者以上比较 the +最高级+of/in+比较范围　　（…之中最…）‎ Of all things in the world, people are the precious.‎ ‎　　‎ 比较级结构的修饰语 ‎1．用于原级之前：‎ almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc.‎ John is almost as tall as you.‎ The river is three times as long as that one.‎ We have a third as many students as we had last term.‎ ‎2．用于比较级前w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。m many, a few (用于"more +可数名词"前) ‎ It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.‎ a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent,three times etc.‎ It's cold this year, but it's even colder last year.‎ We produced 6% more grain this year than we did last year.‎ ‎3．用于形容词和最高级前 the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/second This hat is by far the largest in the world.‎ Gold is the very most valuable of all materials .‎ 位置与功能 高考重点要求 ‎1．掌握形容词、副词比较级、最高级的常用句型及用法 ‎2．掌握形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数的比较表达。‎ ‎3．注意多外形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序。‎ ‎4．分清常用同义与近义形容词在表达中的语义差别。‎ 此项语法内容从1991年到达2001年间共出现45次（包括上海题），可见其重要。‎ 形容词作用与位置 ‎1．定语。 ‎ 在名词前做定语，为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词（含其它起形容词作用的词）做前置定语的顺序。‎ ‎"县官行令杀国才。"这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。即：‎ 限（冠词[物主代词、指示代词]数词等）观 （描绘） 形（大小、形状等） 龄 （年龄、新旧等）色（色彩）国（国籍、出处等）材（材料、功用等）‎ an interesting English film a heavy black Chinese silk umbrella 做后置定语。修饰由不定代词no ,any, some ，every和one,thing等构成的复合词或形容词短语。‎ ‎2．表语。一定要注意系动词的出现情况。这是一个高考热点问题。‎ 常见系动词有：be ‎ 变化系词： become, get ,turn, grow, go 保持系词： keep ,remain, stay 感观系词： look, smell , taste, feel, sound,appear , seem ,prove etc.‎ ‎3.形容词作状语，表状况、原因、结果等。这也是应注意的一点。‎ He went to bed , cold and hungry. ‎ ‎ 4.做宾补。‎ N：①某些以a 开始的形容词只做表语，不做定语。‎ afraid, alike, alone, asleep ,awake，alive ‎②某些表身体健康状况的形容词只能做表语,不做定语 well, ill faint ‎③某些以-ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。‎ friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly, orderly 等。‎ ‎④复合形容词的形式问题。‎ an 800-meter-wide river an English-speaking country a middle-aged man 副词 位置 ‎1）时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。如同时出现，则地点副词在前。‎ They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.‎ ‎2)表频率的时间副词是高考的热点 always, seldom, often, never, rarely, usually 等，通常放于行为动词之前，be词、情态动词和助动词之 后。‎ He is always telling lies,so I will never believe him. w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。m ‎3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前（但 enough除外）‎ He is very young ,so he is not old enough to go to school.‎ N:有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以ly 结尾，但它们的含义是不同的。‎ closely-close nearly-near freely-free deeply-deep highly-high widely-wide 等。‎ 以ly 结尾的词表较为抽象的含义，而与形容词同形的副词则表较为具体的概念。‎ He is highly praised for what he has done. (高度地)‎ He can see a bird is flying high in the sky.（飞得高，具有可见性）‎ 练习、形容词和副词 高考题选：‎ ‎1. John has three sisters. Mary is the ___ of the three. ‎ ‎　　 A. most cleverest 　　B. more clever 　　C. cleverest 　　D. cleverer ‎2. The students are___ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty.‎ ‎　　 A. most 　　B. almost 　　C. mostly 　　D. at most ‎3. She told us ___story that we all forgot about the time. ‎ ‎　　 A. such an interesting 　　B. such interesting a ‎　　 C. so an interesting 　　D. a so interesting ‎4. It is impossible for so___ workers to do so work in a single day. ‎ ‎　　 A. few, much 　　B. few, many 　　C. little, much 　　D. little, many ‎5. The horse is getting old and can't run ___ it did. ‎ ‎　　 A. as faster as 　　B. so fast than 　　C. so fast as 　　D. as fast as ‎6. The story sounds___ . ‎ ‎　　 A. to be true 　　B. as true 　　C. being true 　　D. true ‎7. I'd been expecting ___ letters the whole morning, but there weren't ___ for me. ‎ ‎　　 A. some; any 　　B. many; a few 　　C. some; one 　　D. a few; none ‎8. This year they have produced ___ grain ___ they did last year. ‎ ‎　　 A. as less; as 　　B. as few; as 　　C. less; than 　　D. fewer; than ‎9. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before. ‎ ‎　　 A. as twice many 　　B. as many twice w。w。w.k。s。5。u.c。o。m ‎　　 C. twice as many 　　D. twice many as ‎10. The pianos in the other shop will be , but______ .　‎ A. cheaper; not as better 　　B. more cheaper; not as better ‎　　 C. cheaper; not as good 　　 D. more cheap; not as good ‎11. ---Can I help you?‎ ‎　　 　---Well, I'm afraid the box is___ heavy for you, but thank you all the same. ‎ ‎　　 A. so 　　B. much 　　C. very 　　D. too ‎12.---Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown's office?‎ ‎　---I'm sorry, but Mr. Brown ___ works here. He left about three weeks ago.‎ ‎ A. not now 　　B. no more 　　C. not still 　　D. no longer ‎13. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with ___ money and ___ people. ‎ ‎　　 A. less; less 　　B. fewer; fewer 　　C. less; fewer 　　D. fewer; less ‎14. Oh, John. ___ you gave me! ‎ ‎　　 A. How a pleasant surprise 　　B. How pleasant surprise ‎　　 C. What a pleasant surprise 　　D. What pleasant surprise ‎15. ---How did you find your visit to museum? 高.考.资.源.网 ‎　　 　---I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was ___ than I expected. ‎ ‎　　 A. far more interesting 　　B. even much interesting ‎　　 C. so more interesting 　　D. a lot much interesting ‎16. Canada is larger than ___ country in Asia. ‎ ‎　　 A. any 　　B. any other 　　C. other 　　D. another ‎17. Those oranges taste___ . ‎ ‎　　 A. good 　　B. well 　　C. to be good 　　D. to be well ‎18. The experiment was ___ easier than we had expected. ‎ ‎　　 A. more 　　B. much more 　　C. much 　　D. more much ‎19. ___ food you've cooked! ‎ ‎　　 A. How a nice 　　B. What a nice ‎　　 C. How nice 　　D. What nice高.考.资.源.网 ‎20. Go and get your coat. It's ___ you left it. ‎ ‎　　 A. there 　　B. where 　　C. there where 　　D. where there ‎21. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes___ . ‎ ‎　　 A. open 　　B. to be opened 　　C. to open 　　D. opening ‎22. ---Are you feeling ___?‎ ‎　　　---Yes, I' m fine now. ‎ ‎　　 A. any well 　　B. any better 　　C. quite good 　　D. quite better ‎23. Which is___ country, Canada or Australia? ‎ ‎　　 A. a large 　　B. larger 　　C. a larger 　　D. the larger ‎24. ---Will you give this message to Mr. White, please?‎ ‎　　 　---Sorry, I can't. He ___. ‎ ‎　　 A. doesn't any more work here 　　B. doesn't any longer here work ‎　　 C. doesn't work any more here 　　D. doesn't work here any longer ‎25. How can you finish the drawing? ‎ ‎　　 A. often 　　B. soon 　　C. long 　　D. rapid ‎26. ___ terrible weather we've been having these days! ‎ ‎　　 A. How a 　　B. What a 　　C. How 　　D. What ‎27. It takes a long time to go there by train. It's___ by road.　　 ‎ ‎　　 A. quick 　　B. the quickest 　　C. much quick 　　D. quicker ‎28. ___ from Beijing to London! ‎ ‎　　 A. How long way it is 　　B. What a long way is it ‎　　 C. How long way is it 　　D. What a long way it is ‎29. She doesn't speak___ her friends, but her written work is excellent. ‎ ‎　　 A. as well as 　　B. as often as 　　C. so much as 　　D. as good as ‎30. ---Mum, I think I'm___ to get back to school.‎ ‎　　 　---Not really, My dear. You'd better stay at home for another day or two. ‎ ‎　　 A. so well 　　B. so good 　　C. well enough 　　D. good enough ‎31. ---If you don't like the red coat, take the blue one.‎ ‎　　 　---OK, but do you have size___ in blue? This one's a bit tight for me. ‎ ‎　　 A. a big 　　B. a bigger 　　C. the big 　　D. the bigger ‎32. John plays footbal___ , if not better than, Davi. ‎ ‎　　 A. as well 　　B. as well as 　　C. so well 　　D. so well as ‎33. We all write___ ,even when there's net much to say. ‎ ‎　　 A. now and then 　　B. by and by 　　C. step by step 　　D. more or less ‎34. ---Do you remember ___ he came? 高.考.资.源.网 ‎　　 　---Yes I do, he came by car. ‎ ‎　　 A. how 　　B. when 　　C. that 　　D. if ‎35. If there were no examinations, we should have ___at school. ‎ ‎　　 A. the happiest time 　　B. a more happier time ‎　　 C. much happiest time 　　D. a much happier time ‎36. ---Have you finished your report yet?‎ ‎　　 　---No, I'll finish in___ ten minutes. ‎ ‎　　 A. another 　　B. other 　　C. more 　　D. less ‎37. ---I'd like ___ information about the management of your hotel, please.‎ ‎　　 　---Well, you could have ___ word with the manager. He might be helpful. ‎ ‎　　 A. some; a 　　B. an; some 　　C. some; some 　　D. an; a ‎38. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,___ great it is. ‎ ‎　　 A. what 　　B. how 　　C. however 　　D. whatever ‎39. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ____.‎ ‎　　 A. badly 　　B. hardly 　　C. strongly 　　D. heavily ‎40. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ___. ‎ ‎　　 A. the better voice 　　B. a good voice ‎　　 C. the best voice 　　 D. a better voice ‎41. Tony is going camping with ___ boys. ‎ ‎　　 A. little two other 　　B. two little other ‎　　 C. two other little 　　D. little other two ‎42. ---How was your recent visit to Qingdao? ‎ ‎　　 ---It was great. We visited some friends, and spent ___the days at the seaside.‎ ‎　　 A. few last sunny 　　B. last few sunny ‎　　 C. last sunny few 　　D. few sunny last ‎43. Can you believe that in ___ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? ‎ ‎　　 A. such; such 　　B. such; so 　　C. so; so 　　D. so; such ‎44. Wait till you are more___ .It's better to be sure than sorry. ‎ ‎　　 A. inspired 　　B. satisfied 　　C. calm 　　D. certain ‎45. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is ___ known for his plays. ‎ ‎　　 A. the best 　　B. more 　　C. better 　　D. the most ‎46.___ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. ‎ ‎　　 A. Brave enough students 　　B. Enough brave students ‎　　 C. Students brave enough 　　D. Students enough brave ‎47. It's always difficult being in a foreign country, ___ if you don't speak the language. ‎ ‎　　 A. extremely 　　B. naturally 　　C. basically 　　D. especially ‎48. I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an) ___ trick. ‎ ‎　　 A. ordinary 　　B. easy 　　C. smart 　　D. simple ‎49. It is generally believed that teaching is___ it is a science. ‎ ‎　　 A. an art much as 　　B. much an art as ‎　　 C. as an art much as 　　D. as much an art as ‎50.---I'm very ___with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.‎ ‎　　 ---Mm, it does have a ___smell. ‎ ‎　　 A. pleasant; pleased 　　B. pleased; pleased ‎　　 C. pleasant; pleasant 　　D. pleased; pleasant ‎51.Boris has brains. In fact ,I doubt whether anyone in the class has ___IQ.‎ ‎　　A. a high 　　B. a higher 　　C. the higher 　　D. the highest 高.考.资.源.网 语法复习十五：形容词和副词 ‎1．C．原题中的three sisters这一信息词语暗示考生要用最高级的形式。clever的最高级有两种：the most clever，the cleverest ‎2．C．mostly是副词，意思是："主要地"，修饰整个句子。用most时应为most of the students；用almost通常说almost all+n.‎ ‎3．A．such与so修饰名词时可这样使用。‎ so+形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数 so many/few十可数名词复数 so much/little+不可数名词 ‎4．A．few修饰可数名词的复数；much修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎5．D．A、C项是语法错误。as…as之间不能用比较级形式。B项也是语法错误，than前没有比较级，把than变成as就对了。实际上not as…as=not more than．‎ ‎6．D．sound是"听起来"的意思。它是系动词，其后接形容词做表语。类似的系动词还有look seem taste smell fell．‎ ‎7．A．some常用在肯定句中，而any常用在否定、疑问和条件句中。‎ ‎8．C．grain是不可数名词。A项是语法错误，as…as之间用原级，B项few不修饰grain，D项也如此。高.考.资.源.网 ‎9．C．表示倍数的词与其他表示程度的副词修饰as…as结构时，应放在其前面。‎ ‎10．C．该题考查了考生是否掌握形容词比较级的两种形式，该句可理解为：The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper，but not as good as those in this shop.‎ ‎11．D．此处可理解为the box is too heavy for you to carry．‎ ‎12．D．no longer强调时间；no more强调数量和次数。‎ ‎13．C．better这一信息词可暗示考生用比较级形式，less修饰不可数名词，fewer修饰可数名词的复数。高.考.资.源.网 ‎14．C．what与how修饰名词引起的感叹句：‎ ‎　　 what+a/an+形容词十单数可数名词 ‎　　 what+形容词+可数名词复数 ‎　　 what +形容词+不可数名词 ‎　　 How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数 ‎　　注意what的用法与sach相似，how与so相似。且give s　　B. a surprise是惯用法。‎ ‎15．A．用来修饰比较级的副词有：a little，a bit；even still；far，by far；a lot，a great deal；much，any(用于否定、疑问)；rather．‎ ‎16．A．用比较级表示最高级的意思，用than+any other+单数名词(包括主语在内)或用any+单数名词(比较范围不包括主语在内)。因加拿大不属亚洲。如，把Asia改为North America，则B正确。‎ ‎17．A．taste是系动词，后接形容词做表语。B项well如果是形容词，表示"身体好"。但Things are well with me．属于特殊情况。参看6题。‎ ‎18．C．参看15题。‎ ‎19．D．参看14题。‎ ‎20．B．where引导表语从句，且where在表语从句中做地点状语。‎ ‎21．A．当open做宾补时，一般用它的形容词，不用它的现在分词。又如：with his eyes open/closed ‎22．B．any修饰比较级时，一般用于疑问句和否定句中。‎ ‎23．D．表示两者中"最…"的意思，用the+比较级。此句可理解Canada is the larger of the two countries.‎ ‎24．D．no more与no longer变成not…any more或not…any longer时any more和any longer要置于句尾，可参看12题。‎ ‎25 B．how often表示频率，与题意不符。how long句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词，是"多久"的意思。D项rapid是形容词不能修饰动词。How ‎ soon的回答词用in+时间，因此，全句的意思是："在多长时间之内(或以后)你能画完画?"且句中谓语是瞬间动词。‎ ‎26．D．可参看14题。weather是不可数名词。‎ ‎27．D．此处可理解为It's quicker to go by road than by train．　　‎ ‎28．D．参看14题。　　‎ ‎29．A．原题中的but与excellent两个信息词可暗示考生，且not as…as相当于not more than，因此，该句的意思是："她讲的不如朋友的好，但她的笔头好。"‎ ‎30．C．well是形容词"身体好"的意思。这是It's+adj+enoush to do sth句型。该句意思是："我身体已好，可以返回学校了。"‎ ‎31．B．形容词的比较级修饰可数名词的单数时，前面不要忘了加a，泛指比较…的-个。例如，This shirt is a little larger．Could you show me a smaller one?‎ ‎32．B．是29题的创新。该句的意思是："如果不比David好的话，那么会跟David踢的一样好。"if not better than为插入语。‎ ‎33．A．从even when there's not much to say这一信息句可知。now and then相当于sometimes，occasionally和from time to time，B项by and by=soon，C项step by step=gradually，D项more or less=about，修饰名词，但也可修饰动词，作状语。‎ ‎34．A．从答语中by car可知，how问的是方式。‎ ‎35．D．have a good/happy time是惯用法，much修饰比较级。参看31题。‎ ‎36．A．more与another在表示"再、又"时，用法不同，more置于数词后面，而another置于数词的前面。‎ ‎37．A．information是不可数名词。have a word with sb．相当于speak/talk to/with sb．与…谈话。‎ ‎38．C．however是连接副词，修饰形容词great并引导一个让步4状语从句，意思是："无论困难有多大。"‎ ‎39．D．"下大雨"应说 "rain hard/heavily"．‎ ‎40．D．意为："我从未听过比她还好的噪音。"用比较级表达最高级的概念。‎ ‎41．C．要知道形容词排列作定语的顺序。‎ ‎42．B．与41题考查的目的相同。‎ ‎43．B．可参看3题。‎ ‎44．D．从下文It's better to be sure than sorry．即"确信要比后悔好"可知，填入D项。A、B、C项不符合逻辑。‎ ‎45．C．该题考查副词用法。四个选项均为副词的比较级或最高级，题干的两个并列分句中，已给出some short stories和his plays这一特定的语境，表示二者之间的比较需用副词的比较级。well known是一惯用词组，意为"出名的"、"众所周知的"，well的比较级为better，故答案为C。‎ ‎46．C．形容词作后置定语。enough为副词，修饰形容词brave，放在其后。‎ ‎47．D．意为"在国外通常是困难的，特别是你不会说外语"。‎ ‎48．D．意为"我很吃惊你竟然被这么简单的一个诡计愚弄了。"此处，只有用D项才能准确表达这种语气。‎ ‎49．D．"教学更像是一门科学。"第一个as为副词。‎ ‎50．D。‎ ‎51．B。‎