2020年高考英语语法必考知识点：定语从句专项练习 13页

2020 年高考英语语法必考知识点：定语从句专项练习 填空练习 1. We will meet at the same place ______ we met last month. 2. We will meet at the same place ___ we visited last month. 3. I will never forget the days _____ we studied together. 4. I will never forget the days ______ we spent together. 5. The reason ______ he didn’t come was that he was ill. 6. The reason _____ he explained is not true. 7. This is the most expensive hotel__I have ever stayed. 8. This is the most expensive hotel __I have ever stayed in. 9. Do you know the author and the books___I mentioned? 10. He wins the game, ____makes his mother happy. keys： where that； when, that; why, that; where, that; that; which 定语从句: 在一个句子中，用一个从句作定语，修饰某一个名词或代词。 She is beautiful girl. （前置修饰） She is a girl who is good at English. （后置修饰） 注： 1)定语从句：后置修饰，前置翻译 2) 先行词：被修饰的词 3) 整个句子充当表语成分。引导词：关系代词和关系副词两大类 A.关系代词：从句不完整，引导词在从句中充当一定的成分。 who(人)，whom(人)， which（物）， that（人+物），whose（人+物） 主格: 关系代词在从句里充当主语 He is a man who/that works for the government. HZ is a city that/which is famous for the west lake. 宾格：关系代词在从句里充当宾语 A true friend is a person with whom we can share happiness and sorrow. This was the house in which my grandma once lived. 所有格：关系代词在从句里表示所属关系 These children whose parents are working in the cities are independent. We are now in a room whose wall is yellow. I want to live with people whose cultural background is different from mine. 定语从句中，必须用关系代词 that 的情况 1.当先行词是 all, none, little, much, any, everything, anything, nothing 等 不定代词时 Tom told his mother all that had happened. 2.当先行词前面有序数词或形容词最高级等修饰时 This is the second book that I can find. This is the best book that I have ever read. 3.当先行词被 the only，the very 等词修饰时 This is the very bus that she is waiting for. 4.当先行词由人和物共同充当时, 只能用 that。 Do you still remember the things and the people that gave you so much joy? 5.当主句是以疑问词 which 或 who 等开头的特殊疑问句时 Which is the hotel that you like best? B、关系副词：从句完整，引导词在从句中不充当成分。 where（地点），when（时间） , why（原因） This is the place where we first met. I will never forget the time when we study together. This is why iPhone is so popular. 定语从句分类：限定性和非限定性定语从句 非限定性定语从句：有逗号， 只能不能用 that, 先行词可以是一个句子 Tom, who is only 6, is from China. （先行词和从句间有逗号隔开） I don’t like the TV shows, which are full of advertisements.（不能用 that） Tom didn’t pass the exam, which made his mother angry. （指代一个 一、单项选择 1. I've become good friends with several of the students in my school _________ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which 2. That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What 3. After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling, ______________ turned out to be a wise decision． A．that B．which C．when D．where 4. It is a good idea to ask for a map at the information center, may prove to be very useful before you start your tour of the museum. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5. The American films are in the majority at the film festivals, ____ has been common practice for many years. A. which B. what C. as D. where 6. As a child, Jack studied in a village school, ___ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that 7. The newly built café, the walls of___ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which 8. The old temple ____ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose 9. I refuse to accept the blame for something _____was someone else’s fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what 10. The scientist made several discoveries, _____. A. which we think are important B. which we think that is important C. we think which are important D. which we think is important 11. The university __Mr．Smith teaches is a world-famous one, ____was founded over one hundred years ago． A．where; which B．in which; where C．that; which D．where; that 12. He managed to achieve his goal in a way ______. A. at you thought was impossible B. that you thought was impossible C. you thought was impossible D. in which you thought was impossible 13. Children who are not active or _____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that 14. In china, the number of cities is increasing ______ development is recognized across the world. A. where B. which C. whose D. that 15. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _____left their village homes for a better life in the city. A．whom B．which C．them D．those 16. Whenever I met her, ____ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D. that 17. She brought with her three friends, none of _______ I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these 18. A person ___ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 19. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ______ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. A. which B. of which C. that D. whose 20. Yesterday she sold her car, ___ she bought a month ago. A. when B. where C. that D. which 21. The Science Museum, _____ we visited during a recent trip to Britain， is one of London’s tourist attractions. A. which B. what C. that D. where 22. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of _____ _ are healthy. A. that B. which C. what D. whom 23. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ____ was beyond his wildest dream. A. which B. that C. where D. it 24. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _____ _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. A. who B. which C. what D. that 25. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, _____ used to be poorly run，is now a successful business. A. that B. which C. who D. where 26. Jim passed the driving test，_____ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it 27. Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived， many of _____ even cried with joy. A. those B. them C. whom D. who 28. She’s in a hopeless situation, ____ we will keep a very close eye on. A. where B. when C. which D. that 29. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of __are healthy. A. that B. which C. what D. whom 30. That is the small house less than 20 square meters, under ___ roof lives a large family of three generations. A. which B. whose C. its D. that 31. On the top of the mountain stands an old temple, inside _____ is an old tower. A. what B. that C. which D. where 32. Many children， _ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom 33. Computer is so useful a machine ____ we can use everywhere. A. that B. which C. as D. what 34. Northern Ireland is filled with talented writers and poets, some of _______ have established themselves within the world of literature. A. them B. which C. whom D. these 35. The house, ____ were damaged, is being repaired now. A. the windows B. whose the windows C. the windows of which D. which the windows 36. I enjoyed very much the three years ___ it had taken me to study English at school. A. which B. what C. when D. how 37. As the financial crisis bites deep, some small factories ______ are struck most try to reduce their losses by laying off workers. A. what B. where C. in which D. which 38. The residents were warned of high temperatures and strong winds forecast for Friday, ____ _could make the still-burning wildfires more dangerous. A. when B. which C. that D. where 39. We went to Mountain Tai last weekend, ____, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors. A．that B．which C．where D．when 40. China got 165 gold medals in the Asian Games in Doha，_____, of course，made the whole nation excited. A. which B. what C. that D. where 41. Though there are many Chinese _____ have heard of the Great Wall， many of whom haven’t been there yet. A. as B. who C. but D. that 42. Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm _____ few residents had ever experienced before. A. as B. which C. and it was D. that 43. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whose 44. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ____ she would stay for an hour. A where B who C which D what 45. —Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?— You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that 46. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since 47. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ____ he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both museums now. A. where B. when C. there D. which 48. She’ll never forget her stay there _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that B. which C. where D. when 49. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where 50. —What do you think of teacher, Bob？ —I find it fun and challenging. It is a job __ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. where B. which C. when D. that 二、翻译练习 1. 好朋友就是能和你分享快乐和忧伤的人。（share…with） __________________________________________________________ 2. 他就是我经常跟你提到的好朋友。 __________________________________________________________ 3.昨天我在街上把我姐姐买给我的钱包弄丢了，这让我很伤心。 __________________________________________________________ 4 那个在那里唱歌的女孩很喜欢读鲁迅写的小说。 __________________________________________________________ 5. 我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天。 __________________________________________________________ 6. 足球是一项培养孩子跟别人合作的团队活动。 __________________________________________________________ 7. 这是我们在阅读中经常碰到的单词之一。 __________________________________________________________ 8. 他给我们讲了许多我们从来没有听说过的有趣的人和事。 __________________________________________________________ 9.学生们喜欢和蔼、耐心、严于律己的老师。 __________________________________________________________ 10.小明考试再次不及格，这事使他父母大为恼火。 __________________________________________________________ 答案 1-5ACBBC 6-10 ADDBA 11-15ABBCA 16-20 BCCDD 21-25 ADABB 26-30 ACCDB 31-35 CBCCC 36-40ADBBA 41-45 BABAC 46-50BACDA 1. A good friend is a person who you can share happiness and sorrow with. 2. He is my good friend that/who I always mention to you. 3. Yesterday I lost my wallet that was bought by my sister, which made me so sad. 4. The girl who/that is singing there likes reading books which were written by Lu xun. 5. I never forget that autumn when we live and study together. 6. Soccer is a teamwork which can develop children to cooperate with others. 7. This is one of the words that we often meet in our reading. 8. He told us many interesting things and persons that we had never heard. 9. Students like a teacher who /that is kind patient and strict in his or her work. 10. Xiao Ming failed in the exam again, which annoyed his parents.