高考英语精练复习9 14页

Unit 4　Making the news Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．Tom misses his mother very much and he is________(渴望) to see her.‎ 答案：　eager ‎2．Jane is one of my________(同事) and we have been working in the same company for two years.‎ 答案：　collegues ‎3．The teacher explained the chemical________(过程) to his students.‎ 答案：　process ‎4．Before answering the questions，please read the first________ (部分) of the passage.‎ 答案：　section ‎5．Jackson________(提交) his term paper the day before yesterday.‎ 答案：　submitted ‎6．The news of the sports meet is________(更新) every day.‎ 答案：　updated ‎7．Mother was cleaning the room；________(与此同时)，Father was watching TV.‎ 答案：　meanwhile ‎8．It will be fine whenever you come，but you’d better ________ (通知，告知) me of that before you come.‎ 答案：　inform ‎9．I hope you can submit your term papers before the________(最后期限)．‎ 答案：　deadline ‎10．It was an unusually hot summer and air conditioners were in great________(需求)．‎ 答案：　demand Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．concentrate 　　　　　　 集中；全神贯注于 ‎2．accuse... 　　　 因……指责或控告……‎ ‎3． of　　　 在……前面 ‎4．depend 　　　 依靠；依赖 ‎5．so to (do sth.)　　　 为了 (做)……‎ ‎6．on one’s 　　　 独自，靠自己，独立 ‎7．be/get in　　　 注意，全神贯注于 ‎8．make an 　　　 约会，预约 ‎9．have a good for　　　 对……有敏感的嗅觉 on of ahead on as own absorbed appointment nose ‎10．keep sth.in 　　　 记住 ‎11．be to　　 应当，理应……‎ ‎12．defend 　　　 防卫以免于 mind supposed against Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．周扬将永远不会忘记他在一家大众英文报社的第一次任务。‎ ‎________ ________Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.‎ 答案：　Never will ‎2．对摄影我不只是感兴趣，在大学里我还专修过业余摄影课来更新我的技术。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ I interested in photography，but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.‎ 答案：　Not only am ‎ ‎3．只有提很多不同的问题，你才能收集到你需要的信息。‎ ‎________ ________you ask many different questions________ ________ ________all the ‎ information you need to know.‎ 答案：　Only if；will you acquire ‎4．你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？‎ Have you ever had a case ________ someone ________ your journalists ________ getting the wrong end of the stick?‎ 答案：　where；accused；of ‎5．因此我们安排了一次足球运动员和行贿人之间的见面。‎ So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man ________ to bribe him.‎ 答案：　supposed ‎ acquire vt.获得；取得；学会 教材原句P26：Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.只有当你问了许多问题的情况下，你才能够得到你需要的所有信息。‎ ‎①She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study.‎ 她通过认真学习而懂得了英语。‎ ‎②It will take her a long time to acquire the skills she needs to become a famous player.‎ 要获得成为著名选手的技能需要花费她很长时间。‎ ‎③I managed to acquire two tickets for the football match.‎ 我设法弄到了两张足球比赛的票。‎ 辨析：acquire，achieve与obtain acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术、知识等抽象的东西，也指养成习惯等 achieve 强调由于极大的努力，克服困难后达到目标 obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间才得到所需要的东西 ‎④She has acquired some very unpleasant habits recently.‎ 她最近养成了一些不良的习惯。‎ ‎⑤After so many years of hard work，he finally achieved success.‎ 经过这么多年的努力，他终于获得了成功。‎ ‎⑥In the second experiment they obtained a very clear result.‎ 在第二次试验中，他们得到了一个非常清楚的结果。‎ ‎1.Lucy has________all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university.‎ A．acquired　　　　　　　B．finished C．concluded　　　 D．achieved 解析：　句意为：露西完成了她为自己设定的高中阶段的所有目标，并且已经为迎接大学新的挑战做好了准备。achieve one’s goal意为“达到某人的目标”。‎ 答案：　D inform vt.通知；告诉 教材原句P26：They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.‎ 他们必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。‎ ‎①I hope you will write to me from time to time and inform me of your progress.我希望你将常常写信给我，把你的进步告诉我。‎ ‎②We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.‎ 我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。‎ ‎③Please keep me fully informed of any developments.‎ 事态如有发展，请向我提供详情。‎ ‎2.The president promised to keep all the board members________of how the negotiations were going on.‎ A．informed　　　 B．inform C．be informed　　　 D．informing 解析：　根据句式结构，空格处应作为all the board members的宾语补足语出现，根据句意，inform与all the board members之间应构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故应选择过去分词。‎ 答案：　A case n．情况；病例；案例 教材原句P26：Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？你有没有遇到过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他的报道失实呢？‎ in any case无论如何，总之 in case以防(万一)‎ in case of万一……，如果发生……‎ in no case决不(置于句首，引起倒装)‎ in that case如果那样的话；在那种情况下 as is often the case这是常有的事 ‎①Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.请明天再提醒我关于会议的事，以免我忘了。‎ ‎②It may rain；you’d better take an umbrella in case.‎ 可能会下雨，你最好带把伞，以防万一。‎ ‎③In any case，do your best.无论如何，要尽力而为。‎ ‎④In no case should you give up.你决不应该放弃。‎ ‎⑤As is often the case with him，he was late for class.‎ 对他来说是常有的事，他上课迟到了。‎ ‎3.(上海春招)Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow ________ I forget.‎ A．though　　　 B．so that C．in case　　　 D．until 解析：　句意为：请明天再次提醒我关于会议的事，以免我忘了。本题考查了连词及连词词组的用法。根据句意选in case (以免，以防)。‎ 答案：　C accuse vt.指控，指责，把……归咎(于)‎ ‎①My teacher often accuses me of my carelessness.‎ 我的老师经常指责我太粗心。 ‎ ‎②She accused him of stealing her watch.‎ 她控告他偷她的表。‎ accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事 accuse sb.for sth.为某事指责某人 辨析：accuse与charge 两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。accuse指控，控诉，与介词of连用。charge可以指因为小错而受的责备，也指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。‎ ‎③The police charged him with murder.‎ 警察指控他犯了谋杀罪。‎ ‎④His brother accused that man of murder.‎ 他的兄弟控告那个人谋杀。‎ ‎4.The shop assistant was dismissed as she was________of cheating customers.‎ A．accused　　　 B．charged C．scolded　　　 D．cursed 解析：　A、B、C三项均有“指控，指责，责备”之意，但搭配不同：accuse sb.of/charge sb.with/scold sb.for指责某人做了……。curse at sb./sth.诅咒/咒骂某人/某事。‎ 答案：　A ‎5．________of stealing money from the bank，he was questioned by the police.‎ A．Accusing　　　 B．Accused C．Having accused　　　 D．To accuse 解析：　accused of...分词作状语，且与主语he之间是被动关系，“被指控”故用过去分词。‎ 答案：　B demand n．要求，需要；vt.强烈要求 教材原句P26：It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.这是一个两难问题，因为如果我们错了，足球队员就可以要求补偿损失。‎ ‎①All the settlers nearby demanded that the nightclub (should) be moved away as soon as possible.‎ 附近所有居民都要求那家夜总会尽早搬走。‎ ‎②He stopped the man and demanded to know where he came from.他挡住那个人，查问他的来处。‎ ‎③My car demands/needs/requires repairing/to be repaired，so I have to go to work by bus.‎ 我的小汽车需要修理了，因此我必须乘公共汽车上下班。‎ ‎④The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers’ damands.‎ 经理许诺他们会尽力满足客户的需求。‎ ‎⑤Medical workers are in great demand in that area.‎ 那个地方非常需要医疗工作者。‎ ‎6.(福建高考)The workers will go on strike if the demands they ________put forward are turned down.‎ A．could　　　 B．would C．/　　　 D．had 解析：　the demands后接定语从句，从句中的谓语是put forward，表示他们提出的要求，所以在put forward前不再用情态动词。‎ 答案：　C ‎7．(2011·江西上高二中期中测试)—How do you deal with the agreement between the company and the customers?‎ ‎—The key________the problem is to meet the demand________by the customers.‎ A．to solving；making　 B．to solving；made C．to solve；making　　　 D．to solve；make 解析：　第一空处key to中的to为介词，后应接v.ing形式；第二空处为过去分词作后置定语。句意为：解决问题的关键是满足顾客提出的要求。‎ 答案：　B approve v．赞成；认可；批准 教材原句P30：Last of all，the chief editor read it and approved it.‎ 最后主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准发表了。‎ ‎①I approve of your trying to earn some money，but please don’t neglect your studies.我同意你去挣一些钱，可是不要误了功课。‎ ‎②She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents.她从来不会做父母不赞成的事情。‎ ‎③Nobody would approve your ideal plans for reforming the system of government.‎ 没有人会赞成你的关于改革政体的不切实际的计划。‎ ‎④He showed his approval by smiling.‎ 他用微笑表示赞成。‎ ‎8.用approve的适当形式填空：‎ ‎(1)He said the proposals would have to be ________ by the engineering department.‎ ‎(2)Catherine’s parents now ________ of her marriage.‎ ‎(3)It is just three months since we received official ________ to go ahead with the project.‎ ‎(4)Peter was determined to go to art school，despite his parents’________．‎ 答案：　(1)approved　(2)approve　(3)approval　(4)disapproval concentrate on集中在；专心于 教材原句P26：You’ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you，so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you’re interested.你将发现同事们会热情地帮助你，因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去研究它。‎ ‎①I didn’t feel like talking to her，so I just concentrated on my study.我不愿和她多说什么，我只顾专心学习。‎ ‎②Playing computer games can give us some relaxation after school，but as students we must concentrate on our studies.‎ 放学后玩电脑能给我们带来快乐和放松，但是作为学生，我们必须集中精力学习。‎ ‎③At that moment，all their thoughts were concentrated on themselves.此时大家都在想着各自的心事。‎ ‎④I can’t concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.‎ 吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精力学习。‎ ‎⑤We must focus our attention on urgent problems.‎ 我们必须把注意力集中在紧急的问题上。‎ ‎9.What worries me most is that my daughter________most of her spare time ________playing games on the computer.‎ A．concentrates；on　　　 B．concentrates；in C．focuses；to　　　 D．focuses；in 解析：　concentrate...on...把……集中在……上，为固定搭配。‎ 答案：　A depend on依靠；依赖 教材原句P26：Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.‎ 同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。‎ ‎①Good health depends on good food，exercise and getting enough sleep.良好的健康状况依赖于良好的食物、运动和充足的睡眠。‎ ‎②Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.‎ 孩子们依靠父母供给衣食。‎ ‎③You may depend on her arriving on time.‎ 你可以相信她会准时到来。‎ ‎④You can depend on me to do it at once.‎ 你可以相信我会立即去做。 ‎ ‎⑤You may depend on it that she will help you.‎ 你可以相信她会帮助你的。‎ ‎⑥—Is he coming？他来吗？‎ ‎—That depends.He may not have time.‎ 那要看情况。他不一定有时间。‎ ‎10.—How long are you staying?‎ ‎—I don’t know.________.‎ A．That’s OK　　　 B．Never mind C．It depends　　　 D．It doesn’t matter 解析：　从所提供的情景“你要呆多久？”“我不知道。”表明对方不确定他要呆多久，只能“看情况而定”。That’s OK.意为“行，好吧”。Never mind.和It doesn’t matter.意为“不要紧，没关系”。‎ 答案：　C Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?‎ 你有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他的报道失实了。‎ where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a case。当先行词为case，situation和position，point时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。‎ ‎①Will you please give us a case where the word can be used?‎ 请你举一个这个单词的实例好吗？‎ ‎②He has reached the point where a change is needed.‎ 他到了必须改一改的地步。‎ ‎③We are in a position where we may lose a great deal of money.‎ 我们在这种处境下可能会损失大量金钱。‎ ‎④Can you think of a situation where this word can be used?‎ 你能想出使用这个单词的语境吗？‎ ‎⑤I can think of many cases where students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.‎ 我能想出许多情况，学生知道许多英语词汇却写不出好文章。‎ ‎11.(2009·福建卷)It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.‎ A．that　　　 B．when C．which　　　 D．where 解析：　当先行词为situation，case，stage，point，等时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则定语从句的引导词为where。‎ 答案：　D ‎12．(2009·浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life________I am supposed to make decisions of my own.‎ A．which　　　 B．where C．how　　　 D．why 解析：　当point，case，stage，situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用关系副词where来引导定语从句。‎ 答案：　B Ⅰ.用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．He made an________(appoint) with his manager to talk about the sale plan.‎ 答案：　appointment ‎2．The man who robbed the girl was________(guilt) so he was put into prison.‎ 答案：　guilty ‎3．We all________(admirable) Mr Green for his willingness to help others.‎ 答案：　admire ‎4．It was reported that Jim’s house was________(deliberate) set on fire.‎ 答案：　deliberately ‎5．She has worked as the________(assist) to her manager for five years.‎ 答案：　assistant ‎6．As we all know，kids can’t ________ (concentration) on one thing for too long.‎ 答案：　concentrate ‎7．There is no doubt that even a ________ (gift) man also needs to work hard.‎ 答案：　gifted ‎8．Lucy left her former company because she wanted to take up some other ________(professional)．‎ 答案：　profession Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1. (陕西高考)Today，we’ll discuss a number of cases ________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.‎ A．which　　　　　　　 B．as C．why　　　 D．where 解析：　本题考查定语从句。定语从句中有些特例，那就是case，point，situation等词作定语从句的先行词，若定语从句缺状语，则用where引导。此处先行词为cases，后面定语从句缺少状语，故选where。‎ 答案：　D ‎2．(江西高考)After graduation she reached a point in her career ________ she needed to decide what to do.‎ A．that　　　 B．what C．which　　　 D．where 解析：　句意为：毕业后她走到了一个要由她决定做什么的人生转折点。a point在本句中作定语从句的先行词，表地点/时间。定语从句中不使用what充当关系词，故排除B项。a point需在从句中充当地点状语，故排除A、C两项。‎ 答案：　D ‎3．Now there is just one point ________ I wish you to make clear.‎ A．where　　　 B．that C．whether　　　 D．when 解析：　make sth.clear使……清楚。that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。‎ 答案：　B ‎4. (山东高考)We’re just trying to reach a point________both sides will sit down together and talk.‎ A．where　　　 B．that C．when　　　 D．which 解析：　point在该句中为先行词，且在从句中作状语使用，故用where引导定语从句。该句意为：我们努力达到双方愿意坐下来谈判的地步。‎ 答案：　A Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——倒装句 ‎1．(2011·郑州一模)At last they climbed up the mountain，on the top of which________an ‎ old temple dating back to 1500 BC.‎ A．is lying　　　 B．there lies C．does lie　　　 D．lies 解析：　考查倒装句及时态。“on the top of which...”是定语从句，由于介词短语on the top of置于句首，因此句子要倒装，且是全部倒装，又因为句子描述的是客观的事实，应用一般现在时，即D项正确。‎ 答案：　D ‎2．(2010·上海春招)Never________Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute.‎ A．did we think　　　 B．have we thought C．we thought　　　 D．we have thought 解析：　考查倒装结构。当否定词never，not，hardly，seldom等放在句首的时候，句子要部分倒装，根据语意可知，应用一般过去时，因此选A项。‎ 答案：　A ‎3．(2010·重庆诊断二)When I got home last night，I was frightened to find that in front of my door________.‎ A．was seated a large dog　　　B．sat a large dog C．was a large dog seated　　　D．did a large dog sit 解析：　考查倒装。in front of my door是表示地点的介词短语，位于句首时句子需要倒装，后半句的正常语序是“A large dog sat in front of my door.”。seat的宾语通常是人，因此A项不恰当。‎ 答案：　B ‎4．(2010·潍坊检测)Seldom________computer games ever since he entered college.‎ A．did he play　　　 B．has he played C．he played　　　 D．he has played 解析：　考查倒装。seldom是否定副词，否定副词放在句首，主句用部分倒装。又因句子中有since引导的状语从句，主句表示从过去一直持续到现在的状态，故主句用现在完成时。‎ 答案：　B ‎5．The bus hit against a tree in the fog and________to the deep valley，with ten passengers ‎ killed and twenty wounded.‎ A．down did it roll　　　 B．down rolled it C．it down rolled　　　 D．down it rolled 解析：　当down，up，out等副词放在句首且谓语为方位移动动词时，要用完全倒装，但本句的主语为代词it，所以应选D。‎ 答案：　D