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Unit 2 The United Kingdom
Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦
1.There was a________(冲突) between the two sides;so they didn’t reach any agreement.
答案: conflict
2.It’s surprising that he________(阐明) this difficult sentence with a very simple explanation.
答案: clarified
3.This policy has received________(全国性的) support and will be carried out soon.
答案: nationwide
4.The reason why the two boys often________(争吵) with each other confused their teacher.
答案: quarreled
5.The old couple were preparing their golden________(婚礼),the fiftieth anniversary of their marriage.
答案: wedding
6.She________(安排) all her business affairs before going on holiday.
答案: arranged
7.The 7th China Garden Expo will be held in Jinan,the capital city of Shandong________(省).
答案: province
8.The boy wants to play with his friends outside and is________(不愿意) to do his homework in his room.
答案: unwilling
9.His grandparents don’t like the noisy life in the city,so they live in the________(乡村) with his uncle and aunt.
答案: countryside
10.These bedrooms are comfortably________(带家具的),and some of them have excellent views of the surrounding mountains.
答案: furnished
Ⅱ.重点短语扫描
1. of 由……组成
2.break (from) 挣脱(束缚);脱离
3.leave 省去;遗漏;不考虑
4.take the of 代替
5.divide... 把……分成
6.to one’s 为……带来荣誉; 值得赞扬;在……名下
7.break (机器)损坏;破坏
8.in of 为了纪念
9.leave 动身去某地
10.be on 展览
consist
away
out
place
into
credit
memory
down
for
show
Ⅲ.课文原句突破
1.现在当人们说到英格兰时,你会发现威尔士也包括在其中。
Now when people refer to England you________ ________ ________as well.
答案: find Wales included
2.值得赞扬的是,这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作,例如在货币和国际关系方面;但是有些制度仍然区别很大。
To their credit the four countries________work together in some areas (eg,the currency and international relations),but they still have very different institutions.
答案: do
3.十九世纪建的工业城市不能吸引游客,真是遗憾!
________ ________ ________ ________ ________the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
答案: It is a pity that
4.刚建成时,它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是金碧辉煌!
It looked splendid________ ________ ________.
答案: when first built
5.这似乎是一件怪事:这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过,并且在伦敦去世。
________ ________ ________ ________the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.
答案: It seemed strange that
6.不仅如此,他还在大英博物馆著名的图书阅览室里工作过。
________ ________that,________he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum.
答案: Not only;but
convenience n.便利,方便;便利的事物;便利设施
教材原句P10:England is the largest of the four countries,and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.英格兰是四个国家中最大的,为方便起见,它大体上分成三个区。
①For convenience,we may classify the students into four groups.为了方便起见,我们可把学生分为四个组。
②Many people enjoy the pleasures and convenience of living in a city centre.许多人享受住在市中心的乐趣和便利。
③We can meet to discuss this further at your convenience.
我们可以在你方便时会面进一步讨论此事。
④Please come whenever it is convenient for you.
方便的时候,请随时来。
1.When and where will it suit your________for our next meeting,Mr Brown?
A.satisfaction B.convenience
C.need D.appointment
解析: 句意为:布朗先生,我们下次见面在什么时候,什么地点方便?suit one’s convenience方便某人,符合题意。
答案: B
2.Would it be________for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport?
A.free B.vacant
C.handy D.convenient
解析: 句意为:你四点钟接我并把我送到机场方便吗?It is convenient for sb.to do sth.某人做某事很方便。
答案: D
3.Come and see me whenever________.
A.you are convenient B.you will be convenient
C.it is convenient to you D.it will be convenient to you
解析: convenient不能用人作主语,排除A,B。另外,所选的是一个时间状语从句,用一般现在时代替将来时。
答案: C
attract vt.吸引;引起
教材原句P10:It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
可惜的是,这些建于19世纪的工业城市不吸引游客。
(1)attract one’s attention/mind/eyes吸引某人的注意力或目光
attract sb.to sth.吸引某人关注某事
(2)attractive adj.迷人的,吸引人的
(3)attraction n.吸引人的事物
①What attracted me most to the job was the chance to travel abroad.这份工作最吸引我的地方是有机会出国旅行。
②The company is starting a new advertising campaign to attract new customers to its stores.这家公司发起了新一轮广告活动来吸引新的顾客到其商店来。
③Attracted by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.被大自然的美所吸引,来自伦敦的小女孩决定再在农场住两天。
④This is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to.
这是我到过的最迷人的地方之一。
4.(2010·江苏卷)Thousands of foreigners were________to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.
A.attended B.attained
C.attracted D.attached
解析: 句意为:上海世博会开幕当天就吸引了成千上万的外国游客。本题考查动词。attend参加,出席,用在此处不应用被动语态,故可排除;attain达到,获得;attract吸引;attach贴(系)上;使附属;使依附,根据句意可知答案为C项。
答案: C
5.Niagara Falls is a great tourist________,drawing millions of visitors every year.
A.attention B.attraction
C.appointment D.arrangement
解析: attention注意力;attraction吸引力;景点;appointment约会;arrangement安排;计划。由句意可知,B项符合题意。
答案: B
arrange v.筹备;安排;整理;布置;排列
教材原句P13:They had no time to arrange their own wedding,so they had it organized by a company.他们没有时间筹备自己的婚礼,因此他们让一家公司代为组织。
①It’s not necessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。
②Have you arranged to meet your customer this week?
你安排好了这周与顾客会面吗?
③I’ve arranged for a teacher to help your son with his English.
我已安排了一位老师帮助你儿子学英语。
④The local newspaper made arrangements for an interview with Professor Stein.当地报纸安排对斯坦教授进行专访。
6.完成句子
公司将安排车到机场接专家。
The company______________________to meet those experts at the airport.
答案: will arrange for a car
delight n.快乐;高兴;喜悦;vt.使高兴;使欣喜
教材原句P14:Her first delight was going to the Tower.
她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。
①He delights in finding fault with others.
他喜欢挑剔别人的毛病。
②The boy takes delight in helping others.
这个男孩以帮助他人为乐。
③To the delight of his parents,he has made a full recovery.
令他父母高兴的是他已完全康复了。
④I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games.我很高兴应邀前来贵校,跟大家讲述有关奥运会的历史及其意义。
7.完成句子
听说他的小儿子被北京大学录取了,他很高兴。
He________________that his youngest son got admission to Peking University.
答案: was delighted to hear
consist of由……组成
教材原句P9:How many countries does the UK consist of?
联合王国由几个国家组成?
①The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。
②As we all know,the UK is a large country consisting of four parts.众所周知,联合王国是一个大国,由四部分构成。
8.The college________7 departments,4 institutes,and Teaching Division of Basic Computer
Science and Basic Lab Center.
A.consists of B.makes up of
C.is consisted of D.is made of
解析: consist of意为“由……组成”,这个词组没有被动语态;be made of意为“由……做成;制成”;be made up of意为“由……构成”。
答案: A
divide into把……分开
教材原句P9:England can be divided into three main areas.
英国可以划分为三个主要地区。
①As we all know,a year is divided into four seasons.
众所周知,一年分四季。
②Let’s divide these students into small groups for oral practice.
让我们把这些学生分成小组做口语练习。
辨析:divide into与separate from
③England is separated from France by the English Channel.
英国和法国被英吉利海峡分开。
④As we joined the big crowd,I got separated from my friends.
当我加入一大群人时,我和朋友们走散了。
9.完成句子
我们把这份工作分为五份,每一个人做一份。
We________________five parts,and each man did one part.
答案: divided the job into
take the place of代替
教材原句P12:All of the words below can take the place of said,but they are used under different conditions and in different situations.下列所有单词都可以取代said,但它们用于不同的情况和语境。
①I can say for sure that emails will never completely take the place of letters.
我敢肯定,电子邮件将永远不会完全取代信件。
②The manager will be away on business and I’ll take his place during his absence.经理将要出差,他不在时我将代替他。
take one’s place就位;占据一席之地
in place of代替;取代
take place发生;举办;举行
in place在适当的位置;在原处
in the first place最初;首先;第一
10.用place 的短语填空:
(1)We instructed her to leave everything________________,just as she found it.
(2)Mr Smith will go to Beijing next month,when a new English teacher will teach us__________him.
(3)Sending email has almost________________writing letters.
(4)Can you tell me what changes have____________since the telephone was invented?
答案: (1)in place (2)in place of (3)taken the place of (4)taken place
break down(机器)出故障;破坏;(谈判、希望、计划等)失败,破裂;(化学)分解;(身体)垮掉
教材原句P13:On my way to the station my car broke down.
在去车站的路上,我的汽车坏了。
①News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.
据报道两国的和谈破裂了,没达成任何协议。
②Your health will break down if you work too hard.
太劳累的话,你的身体会垮的。
break in破门而入;打断
break into闯入;突然……起来(后接tears,laughter等)
break out(战争)爆发;(火灾)发生
break through突围;突破;冲垮;克服
break up拆开,结束;解散
break away (from)挣脱;脱离
11.用break的短语填空:
(1)The conference________________without reaching any agreement.
(2)Had the war not________________,he would still be living a happy life with his whole family now.
(3)Nobody knows who it was that________________the house last night and stole the important papers.
(4)We are sorry to arrive late,but the car________________.
(5)I was telling them about my travels when he______________with a story of his own.
答案: (1)broke up (2)broke out (3)broke into
(4)broke down (5)broke in
It looked splendid when first built!
刚建成时,它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来真是金碧辉煌!
当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it,且谓语部分含有动词be时,这时可把从句的主语(或it)连同谓语动词be省略掉,省略后的部分为“when+分词/介词短语/形容词/名词短语等”。
(1)when+现在分词
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the road.
在过马路时要注意车辆。
(2)when+过去分词
Metals expand when (they are) heated.
金属加热时,会膨胀。
(3)when+介词短语
When (you are) in trouble,ask him for help.
遇到困难时可向他求助。
(4)when+名词(短语)
When (she was) a girl,she wrote a novel.
当她还是个女孩时,她写了一部小说。
12.(2010·浙江卷)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if________regularly,can improve our health.
A.being carried out B.carrying out
C.carried out D.to carry out
解析: 考查归纳。句意为:试验表明,如果有规律地进行适量的锻炼,就能够提高身体健康状况。首先,if carried out=if it is carried out,依句意可知it=proper amounts of exercise,与carry out 构成动宾关系,所以用过去分词表被动含义。而being carried out 意为:正在被开展;carrying out与to carry out表主动含义,所以C项正确。
答案: C
Worried about the time available,Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.由于担心时间不够,张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。
(1)worried about...为过去分词短语作状语,表原因。
①Wellknown for his expert advice,he was able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs.
他的足智多谋广为人知,因此他能帮助很多人解决私事。
②Deeply moved by the story,the children began to cry.
被故事深深地感动,孩子们开始哭了起来。
③When I opened the door,I found him seated in the chair,absorbed in his magazine.
当我打开门,发现他坐在椅子上,专心看杂志。
(2)available adj.可以利用的;有用的;有空的
④Is the library available during summer vacation?
图书馆在暑假期间有没有开放?
⑤There is only a little money available for the trip?
这次旅行只有少数钱可供使用。
⑥Tickets are available at the box office.票房有票。
13.(浙江高考)There are plenty of jobs________in the western part of the country.
A.present B.available
C.precious D.convenient
解析: 句意为:在那个国家西部地区有许多工作供你选择。present目前的,现在的(做前置定语);出席的,在场的(做后置定语);available可用的,可得到的,可达到的;precious宝贵的,珍贵的;convenient方便的,便利的。
答案: B
14.(2010·重庆第二次诊断)Shella forgot all about the dog and the TV set,________in the new magazine that had come in the mail.
A.deeply lost B.deeply losing
C.was deeply lost D.and deeply lost
解析: 考查非谓语动词。deeply lost为过去分词作状语,表示原因。由于Shella沉迷于邮件中的新杂志,所以她忘记了狗和电视。
答案: A
Ⅰ.用括号内单词的正确形式填空
1.We ________(accomplish) this difficult task ahead of time,which surprised everybody.
答案: accomplished
2.Mary was________(unwilling) to live with her parents,because she could take care of them.
答案: willing
3.Nowadays people can enjoy the________(convenient) of shopping online.
答案: convenience
4.________(rough) speaking,it may cost you five hundred dollars to fix the car.
答案: Roughly
5.We had a most________(enjoy) evening at Tom’s house last night.
答案: enjoyable
6.The book________(description) the kindness of Helen,an excellent woman.
答案: describes
7.It is________(possibility) for John to give up;he has devoted so much to the experiment.
答案: impossible
8.To the manager’s satisfaction,the secretary________(arrangement) everything well.
答案: (has) arranged
Ⅱ.巧思妙解
1.________is required is that all the students should obey the school regulations.
A.What B.As
C.It D.Which
解析: what作第一个is的主语,相当于something that,并且what引导一个主语从句。
答案: A
2.China has successfully launched its Shenzhou Ⅵ with two astronauts in it,________shocked the world.
A.that B.it
C.as D.which
解析: which引导非限制性定语从句,代指前面的句子,that不引导非限制性定语从句,it不引导定语从句,as引导定语从句,意为“正如,正像”,不合句意。
答案: D
3.________has been announced,China has successfully launched its Shenzhou Ⅵ spaceship with two Chinese astronauts in it.
A.That B.As
C.Which D.What
解析: as引导非限制性定语从句,为关系代词,意为“正如,正像”。which通常不用于主句之前。
答案: B
4.________China has successfully launched its Shenzhou Ⅵ with two astronauts in it has shocked the world.
A.What B.As
C.It D.That
解析: that引导主语从句,且只起引导词的作用,句中不缺乏成分。
答案: D
5.________is required that all the students should obey the school regulations.
A.That B.As
C.It D.What
解析: it在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的句子。
答案: C
Ⅲ.语法专练
本单元语法——过去分词作宾补
1.Li Hua hopes that his English teacher will suggest a good way to have his English________in a short period of time.
A.improved B.improving
C.to improve D.improve
解析: 句意为:李华希望他的英语老师提出一个好方法,能使他的英语可以在短时间内得以提高。本题考查have sth.done这一短语的使用。因English与动词improve之间是被动关系,故选A项。B、D项表主动关系,故排除。
答案: A
2.(2011·厦门市质量检查)When the minister came to the snowstricken area,he was happy to see the disaster victims well________.
A.take care of B.took care of
C.taken care of D.taking care of
解析: 考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和语意可以看出victims 与take care of 存在逻辑上的动宾关系,因此使用被动形式,在句中充当宾语补足语。
答案: C
3.(2010·上海卷)Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues________with her stories.
A.amused B.amusing
C.to amuse D.to be amused
解析: 句意为:Lucy很有幽默感,总是讲故事让她的同事消遣。考查非谓语动词作宾补。首先排除C、D,因为keep 后不用不定式作宾补。amused 觉得好笑的;amusing 逗人笑的,令人觉得好笑的。
答案: A
4.(2011·西安质量检测)The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself________by a
young man in black.
A.was followed B.followed
C.following D.had been followed
解析: 考查非谓语动词。根据语意可知,follow和herself之间是动宾关系,因此用动词的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。注意:found后不是句子,A、D两项可直接排除。
答案: B
5.Television has so many advantages.It keeps us________about the________news,and it also provides entertainment in the home.
A.informed;latest B.to know;later
C.learning;later D.to think;latest
解析: 本题考查keep sb.done的结构以及形容词的最高级的用法。句意为“电视有如此多的好处,它使我们知道最新的消息,而且给我们在家里提供娱乐”。根据句意可知第一个空白处应用informed作us的宾语补足语,表示“我们被告知”,而the latest news则表示“最新消息”。
答案: A