【英语】2019届一轮复习必修二unit1culturalrelics学案 15页

‎【题目优选】‎ 假如你是李华，你所在的地区有一座古寺庙，寺庙内墙上绘有多幅反映当时人们生活的壁画，具有很高的艺术价值。但是，近年来，每天都有很多游人前来参观，空气污染对壁画正在造成破坏。请你就此写一封信，呼吁有关部门采取措施，保护这一文化遗迹。信中要包括以下信息：‎ ‎1.说明写信的目的；‎ ‎2.介绍壁画的情况；‎ ‎3.提出具体的建议。‎ ‎【经典范文】‎ Dear Sir/Madam，‎ I'm writing to inform you of a newly discovered ancient temple in our city.‎ It was built in the late Tang Dynasty. On the walls of the temple are many paintings, which show us how people at that time lived. The wall paintings are of great value. But I am worried about them because some of them are damaged by air pollution, which comes from visitors who come in every day.‎ I think some measures should be taken immediately. First, we should put glass walls in front of the paintings. Second, the number of visitors should be limited. And we should build a website where people can look at the pictures and paintings of the temple. Only in this way can we protect the temple properly.‎ Looking forward to hearing from you.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua ‎【名师点拨】‎ 文中使用了较为高级的词汇和句式，如inform sb. of sth., be of ‎ great value, take measures, look forward to等以及倒装句、定语从句、原因状语从句等。这些词汇和句式的使用体现了作者驾驭语言的能力，彰显了作者扎实的基本功。‎ ‎1．核心单词 ‎(1)survive (v.) 幸免(于)；幸存；比……活得长；生还→survival (n.) 生存；幸存→survivor (n.) 幸存者 ‎(2)select (vt.) 挑选；选择→selection (n.) 选择；选拔 ‎(3)design (n.) 设计；图案；构思 (vt.) 设计；计划；构思→designer (n.)设计者；构思者 ‎(4)fancy (adj.) 奇特的；异样的 (vt.) 想象；设想；爱好 ‎(5)decorate (v.) 装饰；装修→decoration (n.) 装饰品；装饰 ‎(6)remove (vt.) 移动；搬开→removal (n.) 移动；除去 ‎(7)doubt (n.) 怀疑；疑惑 (vt.) 怀疑；不信→doubtful (adj.) 怀疑的 ‎(8)worth (prep.) 值得的；相当于……的价值 (n.) 价值；作用→worthy (adj.) 值得或应得的；值得尊敬的 ‎(9)explode (vi.) 爆炸→explosion (n.) 爆炸 ‎(10)sink (vi.) 下沉；沉下→sank/sunk (过去式)→sunk/sunken (过去分词)‎ ‎2．阅读单词 ‎(1)valuable (adj.) 贵重的；有价值的 ‎(2)amazing (adj.) 令人吃惊的 ‎(3)troop (n.) 群；组；军队 ‎(4)reception (n.) 接待；招待会；接收 ‎(5)former (adj.) 以前的；从前的 ‎(6)local (adj.) 本地的；当地的 ‎(7)evidence (n.) 根据；证据 ‎(8)sailor (n.) 水手；海员；船员 ‎(9)informal (adj.) 非正式的 ‎(10)debate (n. &vi.) 争论；辩论 ‎【即景活用】‎ 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Simon ________ (select) to make a speech at the opening ceremony.‎ 答案：was selected ‎2．As we all know, time is the most ________ (value) wealth that one can have.‎ 答案：valuable ‎3．Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as ________ (decorate) on their cars.‎ 答案：decorations ‎4．The series of books ________ (design) for the students in Grade Three.‎ 答案：are designed ‎5.Many strange customs ________ (survive) from earlier times.‎ 答案：have survived ‎6．I don't fancy ________ (make) a journey to America.‎ 答案：making ‎7．The film TheflowersofWar is well worth ________ (see)．‎ 答案：seeing ‎8．Please ________ (remove) your shoes before entering the room when you are in Japan.‎ 答案：remove ‎9．The city's population ________ (explode) in the last few years.‎ 答案：has exploded ‎10．All the ________ (evident) we collected proved him to be ‎ guilty.‎ 答案：evidence 联想积累 ‎1．以“able”为后缀的高频形容词小结 ‎①value→valuable 宝贵的 ‎②forget→forgettable 健忘的 ‎③suit→suitable 合适的 ‎④reason→reasonable 合理的 ‎⑤admire→admirable 令人钦佩的 ‎⑥enjoy→enjoyable 令人愉快的 ‎⑦accept→acceptable 可接受的 ‎⑧afford→affordable 负担得起的 ‎2．“喜欢”家族速记 ‎①fancy 喜欢；想要；想象；设想 ‎②like 喜欢；喜爱 ‎③love 喜爱；喜好；喜欢 ‎④enjoy 喜欢；欣赏 ‎⑤favor 喜欢；支持；赞成 ‎⑥prefer 更喜欢 ‎⑦admire 喜欢；赞赏；钦佩 ‎⑧be fond of 喜欢；喜爱 ‎⑨be keen on 喜欢；喜爱 ‎3．以e结尾的动词e→al变名词 ‎①survive→survival幸存 ‎②remove→removal移除 ‎③arrive→arrival到达 ‎④refuse→refusal拒绝 ‎⑤propose→proposal提议 ‎⑥approve→approval批准；同意 ‎1．in_search_of寻找 ‎2．belong_to属于 ‎3．in_return作为报答；回报 ‎4．at_war处于交战状态 ‎5．less_than少于 ‎6．take apart 拆开 ‎7．rather than 而不是 ‎8．serve as 充当；起作用 ‎9．think highly of 看重；器重 ‎10．develop an interest in ... 培养对……的兴趣 ‎【即景活用】‎ 用所给的短语的适当形式填空 take apart， in search of， belong to， in return， at war， serve as ‎1．Some tribes migrate with their cattle ________ fresh grass.‎ 答案：in search of ‎2．Workers were busy ________ televisions, cell phones and computers—anything electronic.‎ 答案：taking apart ‎3．If you do help them, don't expect anything ________ .‎ 答案：in return ‎4．A tiger is a large fierce animal ________ the cat family.‎ 答案：belonging to ‎5．The country has been ________ with its neighbour for two years.‎ 答案：at war ‎6．From this experience I have learnt that questioning can ________ a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.‎ 答案：serve as 联想积累 ‎1．“at＋n.”常考短语归纳 ‎①at war处于交战状态 ‎②at school在上学 ‎③at play在玩耍；起作用 ‎④at sea在大海上；在航行 ‎⑤at work在工作 ‎⑥at peace处于和平状态 ‎2．“in＋n.＋of”结构大集合 ‎①in search of寻找 ‎②in memory of为了纪念 ‎③in favor of支持；赞同 ‎④in honour of为了纪念；为向……表示敬意 ‎⑤in view of鉴于；由于 ‎⑥in terms of谈及；就……而言；在……方面 ‎⑦in case of要是……；万一……‎ ‎⑧in place of代替；取代 ‎1．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.‎ 在那之后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。‎ ‎2．In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.‎ 在审讯中，法官必须判断哪些证人可信，哪些证人不可信。‎ ‎【句式仿写】‎ ‎1．After many years, ______________________________________ a mystery.‎ 多年之后，是什么导致了这个女明星的死还是个谜。‎ 答案：what caused the death of the famous actress remains ‎2．I've completed the application form and resume, but I have no ‎ idea ____________ the words and format mistakes.‎ 我已经写完了申请书和简历，但是我不知道怎样改正文字与格式错误。‎ 答案：how to correct 联想积累 疑问词＋动词不定式的用法 what, which, how, when, where等疑问词后面加动词不定式构成动词不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。‎ ‎[单词点津]‎ survive　vt. 比……活得长；幸免于；从(困境等中)挺过来　vi.幸免；幸存；生还 ‎[教材原句]Is it enough to have survived for a long time?‎ 只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？‎ ‎(1)survive on 靠……存活下来 A survive(s) B by ... A比B多活……‎ survive sth. 幸免于某事；从某事中活过来 ‎(2)survivor n. 幸存者 ‎(3)survival n. 幸存；残存 ‎【特别提醒】‎ survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要加多余的in或from。‎ ‎【即景活用】‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Many of the peasants managed to survive ________ tiny plots of corn and bean when there was nothing else to eat.‎ ‎②They searched for ________ (survive) day and night after the earthquake.‎ ‎③Several of those ________ (survive) the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.‎ 答案：①on　②survivors　③surviving ‎(2)单句改错 The old woman died last week and survived her husband for forty years.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：for→by design　n．& vt. 设计；图案；构思；计划 ‎[教材原句]The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.‎ 琥珀屋的设计采用了当时很流行的奇特建筑式样。‎ ‎(1)be designed for ... 为……而设计 be designed to do 目的是做……；被设计用于做……‎ ‎(2)by design 故意地；蓄意地 on purpose 有意地；故意地 ‎(3)designer n. 设计师 ‎【即景活用】‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①This project ________ (design) to help landless people just didn't work out as planned.‎ ‎②These 30 lectures ________ (design) to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic.‎ ‎③She arrived just as we were leaving, but I'm not sure whether this was by accident or ________ design.‎ 答案：①designed　②are designed　③by fancy　adj. 奇特的；异样的　vt. 想象；设想；爱好　n. 空想；幻想；爱好 ‎[教材原句]The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.‎ 琥珀屋的设计采用了当时很流行的奇特建筑式样。‎ ‎(1)fancy ... to be/as ... 认为……是……‎ fancy doing sth. 想要做某事 ‎(2)catch/take sb.'s fancy合某人的心意；吸引某人 take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/物 ‎【即景活用】‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 I can't fancy ________ (disturb) by such text messages all the day.‎ 答案：being disturbed ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①She looked through the hotel advertisements until one of them ____________________ .‎ 她仔细查看旅馆广告，直到有一家符合她的心意。‎ ‎②I think Sam really ________________ you.‎ 我想萨姆真的爱上了你。‎ 答案：①caught/took her fancy　②takes a fancy to remove　vt. 移动；搬开 ‎[教材原句] ... the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.‎ ‎……俄罗斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术品搬走。‎ remove ... from ... 把……从……移开 remove from ... to ... 从……搬到……‎ remove sb. from school 勒令某人退学 remove one's doubt/trouble 消除某人的疑虑/烦恼 ‎【即景活用】‎ 完成句子 ‎①Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps (to) ________________ .‎ 意识到妈妈工作一天后肯定很累了，女孩帮助妈妈把大衣脱了。‎ ‎②Three children __________________________ for bad behavior yesterday.‎ 昨天有三个孩子因为行为恶劣被学校开除了。‎ ‎③What Mr Evans did __________________________________ .‎ 伊万先生的所作所为消除了邻居们的疑虑。‎ 答案：①remove her coat　②were removed from school　③removed his neighbours' doubt worth　n. 价值；作用　prep.值得的；相当于……的价值 ‎[教材原句]Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing?‎ 重建失去的文化遗产，如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园，是否值得？‎ ‎(1)be (well) worth doing ... ……(非常)值得做 be worth the money/an effort/a try 值得花钱/努力/一试 be worth it 值得一干；值得花精力(或时间)‎ ‎(2)be worthy ……值得做 be worthy＋of＋n. (＝be worth＋n.) 值得……‎ ‎(3)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事 ‎【即景活用】‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①He persuaded me that the picture was not worth ________ (buy)．‎ ‎②His brave deeds are worthy ________ praise.‎ ‎③I don't think it is worthwhile ________ (devote) so much time to discussing the matter.‎ 答案：①buying　②of　③devoting/to devote ‎(2)单句改错 As far as I'm concerned, his suggestion is very worth considering.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：very→well ‎[短语点拨]‎ in search of 寻找 ‎[教材原句]IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM 寻找琥珀屋 search sth./sb. 搜查某物/搜身 search for＝look for 寻找 search ... for ... 为找到……而搜查……‎ ‎【即景活用】‎ ‎(1)单句改错 They stayed in the mountains for a week searching the rare plant.‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：searching后加for ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to ______________ survivors in an earthquake.‎ 狗嗅觉灵敏，经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。‎ ‎②Every year, many welleducated young people go to Beijing ______________________ .‎ 每年都有许多受过良好教育的年轻人去北京找工作。‎ 答案：①search for　②in search of jobs/to search for jobs belong to属于；是……的成员；应归入 ‎[教材原句]However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ，to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.‎ 然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。‎ ‎【特别提醒】‎ ‎(1)belong to中to为介词，后接名词或代词 ‎(2)belong to无被动语态，不用进行时 ‎【即景活用】‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①If you love someone, you will like all ________ (belong) to him.‎ ‎②Having sold most of his ________ (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house.‎ ‎③In my opinion, you'd better put the book ________ it belongs.‎ 答案：①belonging　②belongings　③where in return作为回报 ‎[教材原句]In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.‎ 作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。‎ in return for ... 作为……的交换；作为……的报答 in turn 轮流；依次；相应地 by turns 轮流地；交替地 ‎【即景活用】‎ 完成句子 ‎①I wish I could do something ______________ the kindness I have received from him.‎ 我希望我能做点儿什么事来报答他对我的好。‎ ‎②The couple will host parties ________ with their friends in the coming 7day holiday.‎ 这对夫妻会在即将到来的七天假期中和朋友轮流举行聚会。‎ 答案：①in return for　②by turns ‎[句型与语法]‎ ‎[教材原句]Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.‎ 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。‎ ‎(1)句中could have done sth. 表示对过去情况的推测。‎ ‎(2)“情态动词＋have done”的用法：‎ could have done(过去)本能做某事却未做 couldn't/can't have done对过去情况的否定推测，表示“不可能做了某事”‎ must have done对过去情况的肯定推测，表示“肯定做了某事”‎ may/might have done对过去情况的推测，表示“可能做了某事”‎ needn't have done(过去)本不需要做却做了 should have done(过去)本应做却未做 shouldn't have done(过去)本不应做却做了 ‎【即景活用】‎ 完成句子 ‎①He __________________ well through all that noise.‎ 他不可能在那种闹哄哄的环境里睡好觉。‎ ‎②You ____________________ , but you didn't try your best.‎ 你本可以做得更好，但是你没有尽力而为。‎ ‎③I __________________ before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.‎ 在来新学校前我本没有必要担心，因为这儿的同学对我很友好。‎ ‎④—I spent two weeks in London last summer.‎ ‎—Then you ____________________ the British Museum during your stay, didn't you?‎ ‎——去年夏天我在伦敦待了两周。‎ ‎——那么在此期间你一定参观过大英博物馆了，是吗？‎ 答案：①couldn't have slept　②could have done better ‎③needn't have worried　④must have visited ‎[教材原句]There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.‎ 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海岸边的一个城市。‎ ‎(1)本句式中，that引导的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。‎ ‎①doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。‎ ‎②动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定和疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。‎ ‎(2)which引导非限制性定语从句。‎ 定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句两种。‎ ‎①限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。‎ ‎②非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。在这类定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往由逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。‎ ‎【即景活用】‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Jack is no longer the person ________ I met five years ago.‎ ‎②She heard a terrible noise, ________ brought her heart into mouth.‎ ‎③There is still some doubt ________ he is suitable for the job.‎ 答案：①whom/that/who　②which　③whether ‎(2)完成句子 ‎①________________staying up is more likely to result in overanxiety.‎ 毫无疑问，熬夜更有可能导致人过分焦虑。‎ ‎②______________ you'll succeed.‎ 我相信你肯定能成功。‎ 答案：①There is no doubt that　②I don't doubt that/I have no doubt that The Amber Room belonged to one of the __1__(wonder) of the world. Originally __2__(design) for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ， it took the country's best artists about ten years to finish it. Everyone thought __3__ (high) of its style and design. Several tons of amber as well as gold and jewels __4__(use) to make it, so no wonder it was worth a lot of money. But later, the next king decided to give it as a gift to the Russian Emperor, who gave Prussia a troop of their best soldiers __5__return. __6__ (fortunate), during the Second World War, the Nazi Germany was also at war with Russia. In 1941, Germany invaded (入侵) Russia by surprise, and the Russians had no time __7__(remove) anything from the Amber Room except some small objects. When the Nazis saw the Amber Room, there was no doubt __8__they liked it so much that they took it apart and put it on a train to Germany. Since then, the whole world __9__(be) in search of the Amber Room. No one knows what happened to it and __10__it still survives now. Maybe it will remain a mystery forever.‎ ‎1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ ‎ 答案：1.wonders　2.designed　3.highly　4.were used ‎5．in　6.Unfortunately　7.to remove　8.that　9.has been　10.whether/if