2019年度高考英语人教版必修三课堂要点精析训练：Unit3课时跟踪练（一） 5页

课时跟踪练(一) Warming Up & Reading — Pre-reading Ⅰ.阅读理解 A What do Tom Sawyer and Jumping Frogs have in common? Stories about both of them were created by one man: Mark Twain. Twain was four years old when his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, located on the west bank of the Mississippi. Twain grew up there and was fascinated with (使……入迷) life along the river — the steamboats, the giant lumber (木头) rafts, and the people who worked on them.‎ The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County is one of Twain's best loved short stories, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of his most famous novels. Both these works are celebrated by events held during National Tom Sawyer Days, which originated in the late 1950s and became national in the 1960s. Children enter their frogs in the jumping contest during National Tom Sawyer Days. There's also a fence painting contest to see who can paint the fastest. The idea for this contest comes from a scene in Tom Sawyer, in which Tom has been told to paint the fence in front of the house he lives in. It's a beautiful day, and he would rather be doing anything else. As his friends walk by, he makes them believe that it's fun to paint, and they join in the “fun”. By the end of the day, the fence has three coats of paint!‎ Although the story of Tom Sawyer is a fiction (虚构的事), it's based on facts. If you go to Hannibal, you'll see the white fence, which still stands at Twain's boyhood home.‎ ‎1．Which of the following statements about Mark Twain is TRUE?‎ A．He was born in Hannibal.‎ B．He enjoyed his life in Hannibal.‎ C．He spent most of his childhood on the Mississippi.‎ D．He often went rafting (坐船漂流) on the Mississippi with his parents.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。从第一段第四句“Twain grew up there and was fascinated with life along the river ...”可知B正确。‎ ‎2．Who will win the fence painting contest?‎ A．Bob, painting the longest.‎ B．Julia, painting most carefully.‎ C．Jim, painting in the newest way.‎ D．John, painting in the shortest time.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第二段第四句“There's also a fence painting contest to see who can paint the fastest.”可推知能在最短的时间内漆完篱笆的将获胜，故选D。‎ ‎3．From the white fence at Twain's boyhood home, we know that ________.‎ A．the story of Tom Sawyer is based partly on Twain's experiences　‎ B．the story of Tom Sawyer is based totally on Twain's imagination　‎ C．Twain's old house is painted by the fence painting competitors　‎ D．Twain's old house is visited by people from all over the country　‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。至今仍伫立在吐温孩童时期的家外的那片白色篱笆是用来说明句首结论的——“Although the story of Tom Sawyer is a fiction (虚构的事), it's based on facts.”。因为从上一段可知《汤姆·索亚历险记》中有与此相关的情节。‎ B Mark Twain, the famous American writer, liked to play jokes on others. But once a joke was played on him.‎ One day Mark Twain was asked to give a talk in a small town. At lunch he met a young man he knew who told him that he had an uncle who never laughed or smiled. The young man told Mark Twain that nobody and nothing could possibly make his uncle smile or laugh.‎ ‎“You bring your uncle to my talk tonight，” said Mark Twain. “I'm sure I can make him laugh.”‎ That evening the young man and his uncle sat in the first row. Mark Twain spoke directly at the old man. He told some rather interesting stories, which made everyone in the hall laugh. But the old man never even smiled. Mark Twain told the most interesting stories he knew. But the old man's face was still a blank. At last Mark Twain stopped. He felt tired and discouraged.‎ Some days later, Mark Twain told a friend of his about what had happened. “Oh，” said his friend, “I know that old man. He has been deaf for years.”‎ ‎4．Which of the following sentences is NOT true?‎ A．Mark Twain could make everyone in the hall laugh except the old man.‎ B．Mark Twain liked to play jokes on others.‎ C．Nobody ever played a joke on Mark Twain.‎ D．Once a young man played a joke on Mark Twain.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“But once a joke was played on him.”可知C项说法有误。‎ ‎5．Mark Twain told the young man ________.‎ A．to bring his uncle to lunch B．to ask his uncle to talk there that night C．he could make his uncle laugh D．to sit in the first row with his uncle 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第三段可知马克·吐温让年轻人带他的叔叔来听他的演讲，到时他会让他叔叔大笑。‎ ‎6．Mark Twain's stories made everyone in the hall laugh except ________.‎ A．the old man B．the young man C．Mark Twain himself D．a friend of Mark Twain's 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第四段中的“But the old man never even smiled ... But the old man's face was still a blank.”可知马克·吐温没能逗笑这位老人。‎ C While a lot of us may jump to conclusions about our jobs and careers and perhaps feel a bit defeated if our present role isn't exactly a dream performance, don't worry. There's reason to have hope.‎ A new study supports the view that jobs aren't simply a loveatfirstsight deal. Rather, they say that achieving passion (激情) for your work is something you can develop over time.‎ Unlike the main way of thinking that you'll only achieve passion for your work through finding the right fit with a line of work — what the researchers call “fit theory”， the researchers say you can learn to love your job and find meaning in it gradually (“develop theory”)．‎ Patricia Chen, a psychology researcher and her colleagues examined some students' career attitudes and expectations in regard to fit theory and develop theory. “People can achieve similar levels of passion at work by accepting either the fit or develop theory，” Chen said. “The key difference lies in how these results are reached: fit theorists tend to selfselect into lines of work that fit them from the start, while develop theorists grow into that fit over time.”‎ Fit theorists tend to value enjoyment at the cost of good pay, while develop theorists are willing to let enjoyment take a back seat to other goals, believing that they'll grow into the role and find enjoyment over time.‎ Their findings may offer a little encouragement to people who aren't loving their jobs right now. Everyone has moments like that, but it's important to keep your thoughts focused on the bigger picture, your longterm goals, and why you took the role in the first place. We can choose to develop passion gradually from the beginning, and be just as effective in the long run at achieving this popular experience.‎ 语篇解读：本文为说明文。我们有时会厌恶工作，这个时候，我们需要从大局考虑，慢慢地培养工作的激情。‎ ‎7．According to the fit theory, a person will ________.‎ A．love his job at first sight B．find his job meaningful slowly C．learn to achieve his dream gradually D．follow his passion when choosing a job 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第三段“Unlike the main way of thinking that you'll only achieve passion for your work through finding the right fit with a line of work — what the researchers call ‘fit theory’”可知，笃信fit theory的人会遵循自己的激情，寻找适合自己的工作。‎ ‎8．What do researchers find in the study?‎ A．Fit theorists prefer good pay to enjoyment.‎ B．Fit theorists care more about their role than passion.‎ C．Develop theorists expect immediate pleasure from work.‎ D．Develop theorists have patience to experience enjoyment.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由倒数第二段 “... while develop theorists are willing to let enjoyment take a back seat to other goals, believing that they'll grow into the role and find enjoyment over time.”可知，对于develop theorists来说，他们有耐心来体验快乐。‎ ‎9．If you hate your job, you are advised to ________.‎ A．consider your role in your work first B．consider your situation as a whole C．try other new things as soon as possible D．start your work from the beginning again 解析：选B　细节理解题。由最后一段 “... but it's important to keep your thoughts focused on the bigger picture, your longterm goals, and why you took the role in the first place.”可知，对工作感到厌倦的时候要从整体和大局来考虑。‎ ‎10．What's the main idea for the text?‎ A．You can learn to love your job.‎ B．You should have passion for your work.‎ C．You will finally achieve your job goals.‎ D．You can get enjoyment from your work.‎ 解析：选A　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了我们有的时候会讨厌工作，而实际上，我们可以从整体考虑，从而培养对工作的激情。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 We all have plans to achieve success in life, but what we are lacking is the motivation that keeps us going to put plans into action. Here are the ways that can effectively ease the problem.‎ ‎__1__‎ Just grab a book, especially an inspirational book or a book of success stories. You can learn ‎ from others and the story will motivate you to move ahead with your plans. It also makes you refocus your energy on your goals rather than the problems at hand.‎ Think of your purpose.‎ ‎__2__ Your purpose could be to improve the life of others, or help people to do things more efficiently. Thinking of your purpose is an important way to motivate you.‎ Talk to a supportive friend.‎ Talking to a supportive friend would be able to overcome the problem of lacking motivation. Find someone that you are comfortable with and share your problems with him. __3__‎ Go through your goals daily.‎ Prepare a list of goals that you want to achieve and go through your goals at least once a day. __4__ By doing this, you refresh your mind with the goals you have set for yourself.‎ Do it at once.‎ Another way is to get started with what you need to do. __5__ But by forcing yourself to just do it, you'll probably make progress little by little and without realizing it, you have actually finished the task on hand.‎ A．Read a book.‎ B．See a motivational film.‎ C．You should have plans to achieve success.‎ D．After it, you will feel recharged and reenergized.‎ E．Think of why you want to achieve what you want.‎ F．Sometimes you don't feel like doing what you want to do.‎ G．You need to do this even more if you feel down and have no motivation.‎ 答案：1～5　AEDGF