【英语】2020届高考英语七选五考前冲刺练习---人物传记类 9页

‎1、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Presidents’ Day in the United States Washington’s Birthday，also known as Presidents’ Day, is a federal holiday celebrated on the third Monday of February. ①________ ‎ Who Is Washington?‎ George Washington served as the first president of the United States of America. His first temi as president was from 1789 to 1793. ②________ Before he became president, he played an important role in the military, leading the American Continental Army to victory over the British in 1783. Washington is often seen as the father of the United States and is probably the best known American politician ever.‎ ‎③________‎ Presidents’ Day is a public holiday in most U. S. states. However, many businesses are open as usual and many stores hold sales on Washington’s Birthday. ④________ And many，but not all, public transport systems operate on regular schedules. Some schools close for the whole week for a mid-winter break.‎ What Do People Do?‎ Washington’s Birthday officially honors the life and work of George Washington. The day honors past presidents of the U. S. A. Washington’s Birthday is sometimes known as Presidents' Day. ⑤________ Some states pay particular attention to Abraham Lincoln as his birthday is also in mid-February. In the weeks or days leading up to the holiday，schools often organize events and lessons for students about the presidents of the United States and George Washington in particular. It is a popular day for stores to start their sales.‎ A. Do People Have to Work?‎ B. Is Presidents' Day a Public Holiday?‎ C. His second term was from 1793 to 1797.‎ D. Mis image is also used on the one-dollar bill and the quarter-dollar coin.‎ E. Many delivery senices, except for the Post Office, have a regular service.‎ A. The day honors presidents of the United States, including George Washington, the U. S. A. 's first president,‎ B. This is because while most states have adopted Washington's Birthday, some states officially celebrate Presidents' Day.‎ ‎2、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空内处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Key to Success ‎    When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in management consulting for a job that was even more demanding: teaching. ①__________And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests. I gave out homework assignments. When the work came back, I calculated grades.‎ ‎   ②__________Some of my strongest performers did not have equally good IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids weren't doing so well.‎ ‎    And that got me thinking. The kinds of things you need to learn in seventh-graders' math are hard. ③__________I was firmly convinced that every one of my students could learn the material if they worked hard and long enough.‎ ‎    After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that what we need in education is a much better understanding of students and learning from a motivational (动机的) perspective, from a psychological perspective.‎ ‎    So I left the classroom, and I went to graduate school (研究生院) to become a psychologist. I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super challenging settings, and in every study my question was, who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to the United States Militant Academy. ④__________We went to the National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would advance farthest in the competition. In all those very different contexts, one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success. ⑤__________It was grit (毅力).‎ A. It was IQ as well as EQ.‎ B. It wasn't social intelligence or IQ.‎ C. But those things are not impossible to learn.‎ D. Some of my best students really have high IQ.‎ E. I went to teach seventh-graders' math in a New York City public school.‎ F. What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference among students.‎ G. We tried to predict which participants would stay in military training and which would drop out.‎ 3、 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空内处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。    ‎ It was August 2, 1927. The news had spread fast. A man named Ralph Peer was coming to the city of Bristol. He wanted to make recordings of local people singing and playing musical instruments. ①__________That was a lot of money in those days.‎ ‎    Many people came to Bristol that day to play for Mr. Peer. But one group seemed to have just the sound that he was looking for. They were a man named A. P. Carter, his wife, Sara, and her cousin, Maybelle. ②__________‎ ‎    Sara sang lead, the loudest and highest notes. A. P. sang bass, the lowest notes. Maybelle sang harmony, somewhere in between. She also played the guitar in a new and unusual way. ③__________She played the main part of the songs on the lowest guitar strings. And then she quickly strummed by playing all the strings at once. This kind of playing became known as the “Carter Scratch”.‎ ‎    ④__________ They did not sound like they had taken music lessons. But it did not matter. The people in poor rural areas thought they sounded just like their neighbors, or the people who sang in their churches.‎ ‎    ⑤__________ They recorded more songs. They traveled to many cities and towns in the eastern United States to perform. Thousands of people heard them sing and bought their recordings. Some people estimate that within three years, the Carter Family sold three hundred thousand recordings.‎ A. The Carter Family sounded different.‎ B. The Carter Family soon became famous.‎ C. They called themselves the Carter Family.‎ D. The Carter Family wanted to have a try.‎ E. No matter where they went, they were well received.‎ F. And he said he would pay fifty dollars for each song recorded.‎ G. It sounded almost like two people were playing at the same time.‎ ‎4、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Human Camera ‎    There is not anybody else quite like Stephen Wiltshire. Born in 1974, Stephen was always different.①__________ In fact, he talked to nobody, showed no interest in school subjects and wasn’t able to sit still. Stephen was later told that he had autism(自闭症). He didn’t learn fully to talk until he was nine years old and he didn’t manage to pass his exams.②__________Art became his way to communicate.     He started by drawing funny pictures of his teachers, but soon began to draw buildings. His eye for detail was perfect. He could see a building just once and remember everything about it. ③__________Hours later, in front of TV cameras, he managed to draw this building, with the time on the station clock saying 11:20, the exact time when he was there. The television programme made him famous overnight in the UK.     ④__________He has become a well-known artist, published four books of his drawings, taken helicopter(直升机) rides above the world’s great cities and drawn amazing pictures of them, and opened his own art gallery, where he now works, in London.     His drawings are correct and true in every detail--he always manages to draw everything in the right place. ⑤ __________In 2006, he was given an MBE(Member of the Order British Empire) by the Queen of England for services to art. A.Floating Cities was his third book. B.As a child, he couldn’t make friends. C.Besides, they are also beautiful to look at. D.Uckily he found one thing he liked doing: drawing.‎ ‎ E.After that, many great things have happened to Stephen. F.In 1987, he saw a train station in London called St Pancras. G.On 15 February 2008, ABC News named him Person of the Week.‎ ‎5、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎    James Cameron was born in a small town in Canada on August 16,1954.At 15 he discovered what he wanted to do with his life.①__________The movie was Stanley Kubrick’s 2001:A Space Odyssey.‎ ‎    Cameron set his hope high.②__________But he didn’t know anything about cinema.What’s more,he lived far away from Hollywood,the place for him to realize his dreams.‎ ‎    ③__________His father told him they would be moving to California and living only a few miles from Hollywood.At that time,he had a great desire to attend film school,but his family couldn’t afford it.So he went to study physics at Fullerton College.‎ ‎    Before long Cameron dropped out of college and began earning his living as a truck driver.But he still hadn’t given up his dream of becoming a movie maker.His first professional film job was an art director in 1980,and in 1984 he wrote and directed the Terminator. ④__________after it came a series of successful science fiction action films.‎ ‎    Cameron now could do whatever he wanted.He had several projects in mind,including Titanic,⑤__________But it ended up earning almost $2 billion. After Titanic,Cameron started making Avatar in 2005.It took his team two years just to do the technical research,but the movie has become another huge success.‎ A.It was a huge success B.He wanted to make movies.‎ C.Cameron had to face the facts.‎ D.This movie cost $200 million to make.‎ E.However,Cameron got a lucky break in 1971.‎ F.It happened one night after he saw a movie.‎ G.They used high technology to get the effects they wanted.‎ ‎6、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎   Growing up in a rural village in easternNepal, Mira Rai, 29, had dreams that went farbeyond the conventional expectations for Nepali women. “As a girl, I would constantly be told to know my place and act in a certain manner,” she says.“ ①__________”‎ ‎   As the eldest daughter of five children, she was expected to fetch water, tend crops andlivestock, and help out at home. By age 12, she had stopped regularly attending school to haulheavy bags of rice up and down steep trails—often bare foot—to trade at the market.  ②__________‎ ‎   In 2014, she got her big break by chance. Rai was running outside Kathmandu when two male trail runners invited to enter her first trail race.③__________She was also the only woman in the competition. Against all odds, she beat everyone, even the men. From there a community of supporters came together to give Rai a chance to compete in international trail running competitions. In the years since she has achieved great success.④__________And she is on a mission to help both women and men of Nepalthrough sports.‎ ‎    ⑤__________“ I have been able to do the things I did because so many people believed inme and took chances, and I want to give back so others can have a chance just the way I did,”says Rai. “We have a saying inNepal, ‘Khanapugyos, dinapugos,’ which means, ‘Let there beenough to eat, let there be enough to give’.”The grit and joy Rai embodies throughout all her hardships and victories, is an inspiration to all of us!‎ A. Rai, however, remains modest and humble.‎ B.I found trail running really challenging for women.‎ C. It was hard work but also great training for a future trail runner.‎ D. For me, breaking free from these traditions itself was a big dream.‎ E. She had no special equipment or training for such a distance— 31miles.‎ F. Today the running world recognizes her as a high-elevation trail racing talent.‎ G. Mira speaks nationally on gender equality as a woman who has found international success.  ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1. F2. C3. B4. E5. G 解析： ‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文讲述的是美国总统曰的由来以及相关活动。‎ ‎1. F【解析】此空在文章第一段,根据前一句可知,本段内容是概括介绍美国总统曰。结合选项可知,F项(这一天被用来纪念美国总统,包括美国第一任总统乔治•华盛顿。)承接上文。‎ ‎2. C【解析】根据本部分标题'‘Who Is Washington?"及设空处前一句“His first term as president was from 1789 to 1793."并结合选项可知,设空处应是华盛顿的个人信息。故C项(他的第二任任期是从1793年到1797年。) 符合语境。‎ ‎3. B【解析】根据设空处位置可知,此处应选小标题,故答案应是A项和B项中的—个。A项表示"人们必须去工作吗”,B项表示"总统曰是公共假日吗?”,结合下文的“Presidents’ Day is a public holiday in most U. S. states. ”可知,B项符合语境,故选B项。‎ ‎4. E【解析】设空处前一句讲到,许多公司和商店都正常营业:再根据下文讲到的很多公共交通系统都在正常运行可知,该空应起到承上启下的作用。结合选项可知,E项(除了邮局,许多递送服务也正常服务。)符合语境,故选E项。‎ ‎5. G【解析】设空处前一句讲到华盛顿的生曰有时以总统曰著称,再根据空后一句中的"有些州特别重视亚伯拉罕•林肯"可知,该空应起到承上启下的作用。结合选项可知,G项(这是因为虽然大多数州都采用了华盛顿的生曰,一些州却正式庆祝总统曰。)起到承上启下的作用,符合语境, 故选G项。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.客观填空 E2.客观填空 F3.客观填空 C4.客观填空 G5.客观填空 B 解析：‎ ‎【语篇导读】作者通过研究和观察得出结论:成功的秘诀在于坚韧不拔,而非情商、智商等因素 ‎1. E【解析】由上文可知,作者改行当了老师,E项中的I went to teach seventh-graders’ math承接下文。故选E项。‎ ‎2. F 【解析】由空后的“Some of my strongest performers did not have equally good IQ scores. Some of my sinartesl ki(ls weren’t doing so well”可知,智商不等于成绩，这与F项中的IQ was not the only difference among students 相呼应,故选F项。‎ ‎3. C 【解析】空前的"The kinds of  things…are hard. "和C项"But those tilings are not impossible to learn. ” 为转折关系,而目C项与空后的every one of my students could learn为顺承关系。故选C项。‎ ‎4. G【解析】G项中的participants和military training呼应设空处前的the United States Military Academy,并且G项中的 We tried to predict 与设空处后的tried to predict...相照应,故选G项。‎ ‎5. B【解析】B项与空后的句子形成对比,点明成功的关键不是智商或情商,而是毅力,总结全文。故选B项。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3、答案及解析：‎ 答案：F; C; G; A; B 解析：‎ ‎1. F 根据下句“That was a lot of money in those days. ”可知,此处应提到具体的金钱数额,故F项“And he said he would pay fifty dollars for each song recorded. ” 符合语境。‎ ‎2. C上文介绍了这个组合的三名成员,此处应介绍这个组合的名字,故C项“ They called themselves the Carter Family. ”符合语境。‎ ‎3. G 根据上文的“She also played the guitar in a new and unusual way. ”可知,此处应该提到她的独特之处,故G项符合语境。‎ ‎4. A 根据下文的“They did not sound like they had taken music lessons. ”可知,他们给人的感觉像是没有上过音乐课,这与传统意义上的歌手是不同的,故选A项。‎ ‎5. B 根据下文的“ They recorded more songs. They traveled to many cities and towns... to perform. ” 可知,他们成名了,所以会去很多地方表演,故选B项。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4、答案及解析：‎ 答案：B; D; F; E; C 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎5、答案及解析：‎ 答案：F; B; E; A; D 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎6、答案及解析：‎ 答案：D; C; E; F; A 解析：略 ‎ ‎