2020届外研版高考英语一轮复习选修8学案：Module3ForeignFood 13页

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．appetising adj.　　　　　　　 开胃的，增进食欲的 ‎2．bakery n. 面包店 ‎3．barbecue n. 烧烤野餐 ‎4．buffet n. 自助餐 ‎5．chew v. 咀嚼 ‎6．cookie n. 小甜饼；甜饼干 ‎7．cuisine n. 烹饪，烹饪术；菜肴，饭菜 ‎8．dessert n. 甜食 ‎9．fragrant adj. 香的，芳香的 ‎10．ripe adj. (水果或庄稼)成熟的 ‎11．grill v. 烧烤；烤制 ‎12．microwave n. 微波 ‎13．mushroom n. 蘑菇 ‎14．mutton n. 羊肉 ‎15．recipe n. 烹饪法；食谱 ‎16．roast adj. 烤好的；烤制的 ‎17．stove n. 炉子 ‎18．tongue n. 舌头 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．altogether adv. 总的说来；总而言之 ‎2．dish n. 一道菜 ‎3．guest n. 客人 ‎4．fry v. 煎；炸；炒 ‎5．pattern n. 图案 ‎6．owe v. 应给予 ‎7．trend n. 趋势，趋向 ‎8．casually adv. 随意地 ‎9．menu n. 菜单 ‎10．ample adj.[纵联1] 充足的；充裕的 ‎11．obsess v. 使着迷 ‎12．artificial adj. 人造的；人工的 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．manner n．方式；方法；态度；举止→manners_n．礼仪；礼貌 ‎2．poison n．毒药；毒素v.毒害→poisonous adj.有毒的 ‎3．greedily adv.贪婪地→greedy adj.渴望的；贪婪的→greed n．贪欲；贪婪 ‎4．transform v．转化，转变→transformation n．转化 ‎5．requirement n．要求→require v．要求；需要 ‎6．entertain v．招待，款待；请客→entertainment_n．娱乐；款待 ‎7．remark v．谈到，说起n.意见；评论→remarkable adj.不寻常的；值得注意的 [纵联2]‎ ‎8．taste n．味道；品味；爱好v.尝；体会→tasty adj.美味可口的→tasteless adj.无滋味的 ‎9．consume v．(正式)吃；喝；消耗；消费→consumer n．消费者；用户→consumption n．消费；消耗量 ‎10．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 ‎11．abundant adj.丰富的；充裕的→abundance n．丰富；充裕 [纵联3]‎ ‎12．customer n．顾客→customs n．海关；关税→custom n．风俗 [纵联4]‎ ‎13．consequence n．后果→consequent adj.作为后果的 纵联1.“充足的，富有的”真不少 ‎①ample充足的；充裕的　　 ②rich富有的；肥沃的 ‎③enough充足的；足够的 ④plentiful充足的 ‎⑤adequate充足的；足够的 纵联2.众“说”纷纭 ‎①remark谈到，说起 ②add继续说；补充说 ‎③complain抱怨说 ④warn警告说；提醒说 ‎⑤whisper低声说；私下说 ⑥go on接着说；继续说 纵联3.后缀ant指“具有某种性质的”‎ ‎①abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的 ‎②assistant adj. 辅助的 ‎③tolerant adj. 宽容的 ‎④immigrant adj. 移民的 ‎⑤significant adj. 重要的；有重大意义的 纵联4.单复数词义不同的名词 ‎①custom (风俗)→customs (海关；关税)‎ ‎②manner (方式)→manners (礼貌)‎ ‎③lesson (功课)→lessons (教训)‎ ‎④time (时间)→times (时代)‎ ‎⑤force (力量)→forces (武装部队) ‎ ‎⑥glass (玻璃)→glasses (眼镜) ‎ ‎⑦good (利益)→goods (货物)‎ ‎⑧water (水)→waters (水域)‎ 单元话题——外国食品 子话题1　食物 ‎①hamburger n．汉堡包 ②sandwich n．三明治 ‎③toast n．烤面包片；吐司 ④biscuit n．饼干 ‎⑤chocolate n．巧克力 ⑥vegetable n．蔬菜 ‎⑦steak n．牛排，肉排，鱼排 ⑧sausage n．香肠，腊肠 子话题2　餐饮器皿 ‎①cooker n．炊具 ②spoon n．匙，调羹 ‎③teapot n．茶壶 ④container n．容器 ‎⑤microwave n．微波炉 ⑥fridge n．冰箱 子话题3　饮食文化 ‎①swallow v．吞下；咽下 ②digest v．消化，吸收 ‎③nutrition n．营养 ④bitter adj.苦的，有苦味的 ‎⑤salty adj.咸的，含盐的 ⑥sour adj.酸的，馊的 ‎⑦medium adj.五分熟的 ⑧welldone adj.全熟的 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)They found that more ondemand entertainment❶ viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy ___❷__ (consume) by 44%.‎ ‎①写出entertainment在本单元中的动词形式：entertain ‎②用consume 的正确形式填空：consumption；其同根词consumer意为：消费者 ‎2．(2011·湖南高考阅读A)The main dish❶ that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different styles of __❷__ (grill) meat.‎ ‎①写出dish在本句中的含义：一道菜 ‎②用grill的正确形式填空：grilled，该词意为：烤 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)说起餐桌礼仪，吃饭时要保持声音低沉而愉悦。(manner)‎ Speaking_of_table_manners,_keep_your_voice_low_and_pleasant_during_the_meal.‎ ‎2．(2013·福建高考书面表达)结果，孩子们变得太依赖于他们的父母以至于他们没有独立的思想和创造性的想法。(consequence)‎ As_a_consequence,_children_become_so_reliant_on_their_parents_that_they_have_no_independent_thought_or_creative_ideas.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．owe v．应给予；欠(账、钱、人情等)；归因于；归功于；感激；感谢 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)owe sb.sth.＝ owe sth.to sb.　 欠某人某物 ‎(2)owe ... to ... 把……归功于……；‎ ‎ 为……而感谢 owe it to sb. that ... 多亏某人……‎ ‎(3)owing adj. 未付的，欠着的 owing to 因为；由于 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.‎ ‎②Owing (owe) to your help, I have made great progress. In other words, I owe my progress to your help.‎ ‎[用准]　如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在后面。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎③当问及他的成功时，他说他把他的成功多半归功于他的家庭。‎ When asked of his success, he said he owed_much_of_his_success_to his family.‎ ‎2．remark v．谈到，说起；注意到；评论 n．意见；评论 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)remark on/upon　　　 谈论，评论，对……发表意见 remark that ... 谈起，说起……‎ ‎(2)make a remark/remarks on/about ...‎ ‎ 对……发表评论，对……评头论足 ‎(3)remarkable adj. 显著的，非凡的，值得注意的 be remarkable for 以……著称/引人瞩目 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He once remarked that “All happy families resemble one another, but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.”‎ ‎②As long as you work hard, you'll see a slow but remarkable (remark) improvement in your classroom performance during the next term. ‎ 单句改错 ‎③Miss Li remarked some students' cheating in exams, whose words left a deep impression on us.remarked后加on/upon ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)电影结束后，每个班应该进行一次讨论，期望所有的学生都要发表评论，表达他们对这部电影的看法。‎ After the film, each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to make_remarks_and_express_their_views_about_the_film.‎ ‎3．consequence n．后果，结果(可数)；重要性(不可数)‎ ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)as a consequence ＝ in consequence　 因此，结果 as a consequence of ＝ in consequence of ‎ 因为；由于 ‎(2)answer for the consequences 对后果负责 take/accept the consequences of 承担……的后果 ‎(3)consequent adj. 随之发生的，作为结果的 consequently adv. 因此，结果；所以 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①All around the world, we can see the consequences (consequence) of this throwaway lifestyle.‎ ‎②A man must take the consequences of his own deeds.‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎③因此，学生们能够积极地参与课堂活动。‎ As_a_consequence/In_consequence/Consequently,_students_could_take_an_active_part_in_the_class_activities.‎ ‎4．transform v．转化；转变；改造；变换 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)transform ... into ...　　　　 把……变成……‎ transform sb./sth. from ... 把某人/物从……中转变 ‎(2)transformation n. 变化，转变；改观 transformation from ... to ... 从……到……的转变 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①She helps transform literature into braille (布拉耶盲文) to bring the power of story and knowledge to the hearts and minds of blind readers. ‎ ‎②(2018·浙江高考)Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farmbased society into an industrial power.‎ ‎③The economic framework of the 21st century is going through new transformation_(transform)．‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎④在新的十年计划下，我们学校正在转变成一个国际化学校。‎ Under a new tenyear plan, our school is_being_transformed_into_an_international_school.‎ ‎[联想]　表示“把……变成……”的其他表达：‎ ‎①turn ... into ...　　 ②change ... into ...‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Lots of sunshine, wonderful food, and amazing nightlife — altogether (总的说来) a great vacation.‎ ‎2．I don't like the pattern (样式) of the trousers. Besides, the color doesn't suit me.‎ ‎3．The play was popular and every time talking about it, he owed_ (归功于) his success to the support of his friends.‎ ‎4．Business in China is booming, and that trend (趋势) is expected to grow.‎ ‎5．It is easy for me to follow the Australian guests (客人) because I am good at English. ‎ ‎6．Shops were crowded with customers (顾客) looking over the colourful displays.‎ ‎7．Fountains offer some relief from the sun, and ample (充足的) seating gives parents a place to relax.‎ ‎8．I had great difficulty finding the suitable food on the menu (菜单) in that restaurant.‎ ‎9．It has urged employers to let their staff dress casually (随意地) at work in the summer so that the air conditioning can be turned down.‎ ‎10．This decision could have serious consequences (后果) for the industry.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．What bad manners (manner) it is for the boy to talk with his mouth full!‎ ‎2．Our school has adapted a new teaching method to meet the requirements (require) of the students.‎ ‎3．He's so obsessed (obsess) with the football game that he can't focus on what his father is saying.‎ ‎4．Large quantities of solid fuel are_consumed (consume) every day.‎ ‎5．One of the most remarkable (remark) things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future.‎ ‎6．It is a surprise that the faraway village has_been_transformed (transform) into a famous tourist city in only ten years.‎ ‎7．In consequence (consequent) of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you.‎ ‎8．Foods tasting (taste) good, like milk and cookies, are called comfort foods because they make you feel better.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．无论我们在哪里，不管我们做什么，我们都应该感谢我们的父母。(owe)‎ Wherever we are today, whatever we are, we should owe_thanks_to_our_parents.‎ ‎2．你能告诉我们一些西方国家的餐桌礼仪吗？(manner)‎ Could you please tell_us_some_table_manners in western countries?‎ ‎3．读者都评论她博客中的这篇文章写得很好。(remark)‎ The readers remarked_that the article was well written in her blog.‎ ‎4．我睡过了头，结果上班迟到了。(consequence)‎ I overslept, and in_consequence/as_a_consequence I was late for work.‎ ‎5．利用电脑可以很容易地把一张照片变成贺卡。(transform) ‎ Using a computer, a photo can easily be_transformed_into a greeting card.‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．no_wonder [串记1]　　　　　 难怪 ‎2．end_up [串记2] 结束 ‎3．set_fire_to 放火烧……‎ ‎4．make_out 看出，理解 ‎5．such_as 例如，像 ‎6．have_..._in_common_ 与……有共同点 ‎7．go_against_ [串记3] 违背，违反 ‎8．in_short_ 总之；简言之 ‎9．be_obsessed_with 痴迷于；沉迷于 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“no＋n.”短语一览 ‎①no wonder难怪 ②no problem没问题 ‎③no doubt毫无疑问 ④no way没门 ‎⑤no choice别无选择 ⑥no hurry别着急 串记2.end相关短语荟萃 ‎①end up (with) (以……)结束 ‎②put/bring sth.to an end 结束……‎ ‎③put an end to sth. 结束；终结 ‎④come to an end 结束 ‎⑤end up doing sth. 最终做某事 串记3.“v.＋against”短语大观园 ‎①go against 违背，违反 ‎②fight against 与……斗争 ‎③compete against 与……竞争 ‎④struggle against 与……作斗争 ‎⑤play against 与……比赛 ‎1．before long　 不久 ‎2．to my surprise 使我惊讶的是 ‎3．follow one's example 效仿某人 ‎4．be amazed at 对……感到惊讶 ‎5．according to people's requirements 按照人们的需要 ‎6．sense of beauty 审美观 ‎7．in a friendly and relaxed manner 以一种友好、轻松的方式 ‎8．dressed up as 打扮成；装扮成 ‎1．I had eaten Chinese food often, but I_could_not_have_imagined_how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be.‎ 我以前也经常吃中餐，但从没有想到真正的中式宴席会那么丰盛。‎ ‎2．No_wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish; they knew what was still to come.‎ 怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。‎ ‎3．But one thing I do_admire_is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if it is just a potato.‎ 但是让我非常佩服的一件事是英国人吃饭的举止，哪怕仅仅是一个土豆，他们也会吃得斯斯文文。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2013·浙江高考完形填空)I love how people can seem so different, but end_up (结果) being so similar.‎ ‎2．(2009·江苏高考完形填空)Second, they believe that forcing students to work without pay goes_against (违背) the law.‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2016·江苏高考书面表达)简言之，网络投票在某种程度上说，是不公平的，如果不是不道德的，是不可信的。‎ In_short,_internet voting, to some extent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted.‎ ‎2．(2010·福建高考书面表达)最后但同等重要的是，充分利用水资源是每个人的责任，比如在日常生活中循环利用水和节约用水。‎ Last but not least，it's everyone's responsibility to make good use of water, such_as_recycling_and_saving_water in our daily life.‎ ‎3．(2017·北京高考书面表达)沿着长江的旅行一定使你了解很多中国的历史。(“do＋动词原形”强调谓语动词)‎ The trip along the Yangtze River does_make_you_learn a lot about the history of China.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ make out看出，听出；理解；填写；辨认出；假装；声称 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中make out的含义 ‎①She made out a check and handed it to me.填写 ‎②Let's make out that we are trapped on a desert island.假装 ‎③Without my glasses, I couldn't make out whether that figure on the blackboard was a three or an eight.辨认出 ‎④The students present at the meeting could not make out what he was talking about; it was too difficult for them to understand.理解 ‎[记牢]‎ make for　　　 朝……行进；对……有好处；有助于 make up 组成；编造；化妆；占据 make up for 弥补，补偿 make it 做成；成功；及时到达，赶得上 ‎[练通]　用适当的介、副词填空 ‎⑤Hard work can often make up for a lack of ability. ‎ ‎⑥Good communications normally make for better understanding.‎ ‎⑦In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words used in daily conversations.‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑧早晨的雾太大，以至于我不能清晰地辨认出这个人影。‎ The fog was so heavy in the morning that I couldn't make_out_the_figure_clearly.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎“do/does/did＋动词原形”强调谓语动词，意为“的确；确实”‎ ‎[教材原句]　But one thing I do_admire is the polite manner in which British people eat, even if it is just a potato.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)(2016·10月浙江高考)She did_reach_the_station just as the train came into sight.‎ 她的确就在刚一看到火车时到达了车站。‎ ‎(2)Some experts say with more practice, small talk does_get_easier.‎ 一些专家说多练习，闲聊就会确实变得更加容易。‎ ‎(3)Do_be_careful with that vase! 务必小心那个花瓶！‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)“did＋动词原形”强调过去的动作 ‎(2)“does＋动词原形”强调现在的动作 ‎(3)“do＋动词原形”强调现在的动作 注意事项 对谓语动词的强调须符合以下两个条件：‎ ‎(1)句子是肯定句；‎ ‎(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2018·北京高考书面表达)If you have any other questions, do let me know.(总结句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 no wonder， end up， set fire to， make out， such as， have ... in common， go against， in short)‎ ‎1．Now that there are only a few minutes left, we'd better talk about the plan in_short. ‎ ‎2．The police are trying to find out who set_fire_to the building last night.‎ ‎3．The couple never have words because they have much in_common with each other.‎ ‎4．I thought we'd be late for the concert, but we ended_up getting there ahead of time.‎ ‎5．She didn't recognize the man who hit her because she could only make_out a dark figure moving towards her.‎ ‎6．Always surrounded by honors, praises and gifts, young kids nowadays are easy to suffer psychological problems when things go_against them.‎ ‎7．The Internet keeps us informed of the latest news and also provides entertainment in the house. It is no_wonder that it's so popular worldwide.‎ ‎8．He has got to know that it is easy for a boy to slide into the bad habits such_as smoking and drinking, which are not so easy to get rid of.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．他确实有一个可爱的女儿，但是我们没人认识。(“do＋动词原形”表示强调) ‎ He does_have_a_lovely_daughter,_but none of us knows her. ‎ ‎2．他不可能出国了。我刚才还看见他了。(could not have done)‎ He couldn't_have_gone_abroad. I saw him just now. ‎ ‎3．你昨天晚上睡觉太晚，难怪你今天早上上课迟到了。(no wonder) ‎ You went to bed very late last night; no_wonder_you_were_late_for class this morning.‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Mary因喜欢吃甜食而长得很胖。她想请你帮助她分析一下原因，并提供一些建议，以帮助她更好地减肥。请你据此给她回一封信。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本文要求写一篇建议信。时态是一般现在时，人称是第三人称。题目中没有给出具体的要点，所以写作时可以从题目中提炼出三个要点。要点1说明写信的缘由和目的，分析玛丽发胖的原因；要点2阐述个人观点并给她提出建议；要点3表达个人的希望和祝愿。注意：要点1可以从甜食的危害来写；要点2中的建议，则主要从少吃甜食、多运动等方面表达。‎ 要点1－①：你和大多数女孩的共同之处就是喜欢吃甜食。‎ What_you_have_in_common_with_most_girls_is_a_taste_for_dessert.‎ 要点1－②：我想你一定知道：甜食富含糖类，而糖类可以转化成脂肪。(abundant, transform)‎ I_think_you_must_know_that_dessert_is_abundant_in_sugar,_while_sugar_can_be_transformed_into_fat.‎ 要点1－③：营养专家评论说甜食容易使人发胖。(nutrition)‎ Nutrition_experts_remark_that_dessert_can_make_people_fat_easily.‎ 要点2－①：痴迷于甜食并不是一个好主意。(be obsessed with)‎ It_is_not_a_good_idea_to_be_obsessed_with_dessert.‎ 要点2－②：你应该减少吃甜食的量并更加注意饮食均衡并进行适当的锻炼。(cut down)‎ You_should_cut_down_your_dessert_and_pay_more_attention_to_balancing_your_diet_and_do_proper_exercise.‎ 要点3：我希望这些建议会对你有帮助。‎ I_hope_these_suggestions_would_be_helpful_to_you.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 初次表达要点时，要点内容可能不够充实，我们需要对要点进行适当的扩展。如在分析原因之前要有一个总起句，因此在1－①前可增加“很高兴我能帮助你分析你如此胖的原因”；还可以在要点1－②、1－③上扩展“多吃甜食的后果”；在要点2可以补充“只要你听从我的建议，你很快就会变得苗条起来”，以使文章更加丰满。‎ 总起句：我很高兴能帮助你分析你如此胖的原因。(analyze，用why引导的定语从句)‎ I'm_glad_that_I_can_help_you_analyze_the_reason_why_you_are_so_fat.‎ 补充要点1－②：难怪你会发胖。(no wonder)‎ No_wonder_you_become_fat.‎ 拓展要点1－③：营养专家评论说甜食不但容易使人发胖而且还能引起其他严重的后果。(not only ...but also, bring about)‎ Nutrition_experts_remark_that_dessert_can_not_only_make_people_fat_easily_but_‎ also_bring_about_other_serious_consequences.‎ 拓展要点2：只要你听从我的建议，你很快就会变得苗条起来。(as long as)‎ As_long_as_you_take_my_advice,_you_will_become_slim_soon.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 在衔接成文时，为了使文章上下连贯，可对各个要点进行适当整合，可用besides， as far as I am concerned把基本要点和拓展要点连接起来，使行文顺畅，过渡自然。‎ Dear_Mary，‎ I'm_glad_that_I_can_help_you_analyze_the_reason_why_you_are_so_fat._What_you_have_in_common_with_most_girls_is_a_taste_for_dessert._I_think_you_must_know_that_dessert_is_abundant_in_sugar,_while_sugar_can_be_transformed_into_fat._No_wonder_you_become_fat._Besides,_nutrition_experts_remark_that_dessert_can_not_only_make_people_fat_easily_but_also_bring_about_other_serious_consequences._As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it_is_not_a_good_idea_to_be_obsessed_with_dessert._You_should_cut_down_your_dessert_and_pay_more_attention_to_balancing_your_diet_and_do_proper_exercise._As_long_as_you_take_my_advice,_you_will_become_slim_soon.‎ I_hope_these_suggestions_would_be_helpful_to_you.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua