2020届人教版高中英语复习选修7学案：Unit4Sharing 21页

Unit 4 Sharing 一、刷黑板—— ‎ Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．airmail n．　　　　　　　 航空邮件 ‎2．fortnight n. 两星期 ‎3．roof n. 屋顶；车顶 ‎4．muddy adj. 泥泞的；泥土般的 ‎5．bucket n. 水桶；吊桶；提桶 ‎6．rectangle n. 矩形；长方形 ‎7．rectangular adj. 长方形的；矩形的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．broom n．　　　　　　　 扫帚 ‎9．jar n. 罐；广口瓶 ‎10．sniff vt.&vi. 嗅；闻；用鼻子吸 ‎11．interpreter n. 作口译的人 ‎12．leftover n. 剩余物；残留物；剩饭 adj. 剩余的 ‎13．toast vt. 烤(面包等)；敬酒 ‎ n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎14．comb n．　　　　 　　　 梳子 vi. 梳(发)‎ ‎15．astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人 ‎16．catalogue n. 目录 ‎17．seed n. 种子；萌芽 ‎18．financial adj. 财务的；金融的；财政的 ‎19．trunk n. 树干；躯干；大衣箱 ‎20．clinic n. 门诊部；小诊所　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．textbook n．　　　　 　　 教科书；课本 ‎2．weekly adj. & adv. 每周(的)‎ ‎3．relevant adj. 有关的；切题的 ‎4．remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的 ‎5．concept n. 观念；概念 ‎6．weed n. 杂草；野草 vt.&vi. 除杂草　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎7．adjust vi.&vt.　　　 调整；(使)适合 ‎8．platform n. 台；平台；讲台；(火车站的)月台 ‎9．participate vi. 参与；参加 ‎10．otherwise conj. 否则；不然 adv. 用别的方法；其他方面 ‎11．privilege n. 特权；特别优待　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎12．paperwork n．　　　　 文书工作 ‎13．anniversary n. 周年纪念(日)‎ ‎14．evil adj. 邪恶的 n. 邪恶；罪恶 ‎15．arrangement n. 安排；排列 ‎16．angle n. 角；角度 ‎17．donate vt. 捐赠　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎18．voluntary adj.　　 　 自愿的；志愿的；无偿的 ‎19．purchase vt. & n. 买；购买 ‎20．sew vi. (用针线)缝 vt. 缝制；缝合 ‎21．tailor n. 裁缝 vt. 剪裁；缝制(衣服)‎ ‎22．economic adj. 经济的；经济学的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎23．political adj.　　 　　 政治的；政党的 ‎24．distribute vt. 分配；分发 ‎25．distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态 ‎26．security n. 安全；保护；保障 ‎27．operate vi. 工作；运转 vt. 操作 ‎28．click vi.&vt. (使)发出咔嗒声 n. 咔嗒声　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎29．hear_from　　　　　　 接到……的信 ‎30．(be)_dying_to 极想；渴望 ‎31．the_other_day 不久前的一天 ‎32．dry_out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透 ‎33．dry_up (指河流、井等)干涸 ‎34．in_need 在困难中；在危急中 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.fortnight n．　　两星期 ‎2．muddy adj. 泥泞的；泥土般的 ‎3．rectangle n. 矩形；长方形 ‎4．rectangular adj. 长方形的；矩形的 ‎5.broom n．　　 扫帚 ‎6．sniff v. 嗅；闻；用鼻子吸 ‎7．interpreter n. 作口译的人 ‎8．toast vt. 烤(面包等)；敬酒 ‎　n. 烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯 ‎9.astronaut n．　宇航员；太空人 ‎10．financial adj. 财务的；金融的；财政的 ‎11．catalogue n. 目录 ‎12．trunk n. 树干；躯干；大衣箱 表达单词 ‎1._textbook n．　　　　　　教科书；课本 ‎2．platform n. 台；平台；讲台；(火车站的)月台 ‎3．evil_ n. 邪恶；罪恶 ‎　adj. 邪恶的 ‎4．click v. (使)发出咔嗒声 ‎　 n. 咔嗒声 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．Besides, we need friends to share our joys and sorrows, otherwise (否则) we will feel lonely.‎ ‎2．The concept (概念) of learning English gave me much help.‎ ‎3．The equipment can be purchased (购买) from your local supplier.‎ ‎5．concept n. 观念；概念 ‎6．relevant adj. 有关的；切题的 ‎7．otherwise conj. 否则；不然 ‎　　　adv. 用别的方法；其他方面 ‎8．purchase vt.& n. 买；购买 ‎9．privilege n. 特权；特别优待 ‎10．weekly adj.& adv. 每周(的)‎ ‎11．remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的 ‎12．weed n. 杂草；野草 vt.& vi. 除杂草 ‎13．economic_ adj. 经济的；经济学的 ‎14．anniversary n. 周年纪念(日)‎ ‎4．It's my privilege (特权) to have such an opportunity to live with your family.‎ ‎5．My English teacher asked us to choose a topic, make a weekly (每周的) plan and tell the class about it.‎ ‎6．Our class are going to visit poor children in a remote (遥远的) mountainous area this weekend.‎ ‎7．With the increasingly rapid economic (经济的) growth, more problems are brought to our attention.‎ ‎8．What he learned at university is not relevant (有关的) to his job.‎ ‎9．Many customers of the market came to join in its anniversary (周年纪念) celebration.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合→adjustable adj.可调整的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 ‎2．participate vi.参与；参加→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者；参加者 ‎3．arrangement n．安排；排列；整理→arrange v．安排；排列；整理 ‎4．donate vt.捐赠→donation n．捐赠；捐献→donator n．捐赠者 ‎5．voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的→volunteer n．自(志)愿者 vi.自愿做 ‎6．political adj.政治的；政党的→politics n．政治 ‎7．distribute vt.分配；分发→distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．We donate to the school fund every year. The donation is given to those who study best in class. (donate)‎ ‎2．The desks and chairs are adjustable and you can adjust them to the height of the students. The adjustment is not difficult to make. (adjust)‎ ‎3．The operator is operating the big machine according to the operation guidance. (operate)‎ ‎4．The volunteer said that he was willing to participate in the voluntary activity.(volunteer)‎ ‎5．We encouraged anyone to participate in the singing competition and the participant who wins will be given a gift as prize for the participation. (participate) ‎ ‎6．We could make an arrangement to ‎ ‎8．security n．安全；保护；保障→secure vt.使安全 adj.安全的 ‎9．operate vi.工作；运转 vt.操作→operation n．手术；运转；操作→operator n．操作人员 meet at the school gate at 10 a．m. and arrange for the following activity. (arrange)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.dry_up　　　　　　　　(指河流、井等)干涸 ‎2．dry_out (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透 ‎3．stick_out 突出；伸出 ‎4．hear_from 接到……的信 ‎5．(be)_dying_to 极想；渴望 ‎6．be_relevant_to 与……有关 ‎7．the_other_day 不久前的一天 ‎8．come_across 偶然遇到 ‎9．participate_in 参与/参加……‎ ‎10．in_need 在困难中；在危急中 ‎ ‎11．get_through 完成；穿过；接通电话 ‎12．make_a_difference_to 对……有影响；起作用 ‎1.I believe a green lifestyle can make_a_difference_to the air quality.‎ ‎2．I am looking forward to hearing_from you at your earliest convenience.‎ ‎3．I am writing this letter to reflect some problems I've come_across recently.‎ ‎4．When I participated_in a speech contest last year, I also felt very nervous and even thought of withdrawing from the contest.‎ ‎5．I am glad that you like the gift I bought you online the_other_day.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.‎ 说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。‎ doubt whether ...“怀疑是否……”。‎ 诚实地说，我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。‎ To be honest, I doubt whether_they_will_finish_the_hard_task in two days.‎ ‎2.We walked for two and a half hours to get there — first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then ‎ “介词＋where”引导的定语从句。‎ 这有许多网址，从这里你可以找到自己所需要的几乎所有信息。‎ There are many websites, from_where_you_can_find almost ‎ down a steep path to the valley below.‎ 我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。‎ ‎ all the necessary information.‎ ‎3.The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.‎ 你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。‎ not ...but ...“不是……而是……”。‎ 不是这个故事本身而是这个故事反映出来的东西才是重要的。‎ It_is_not_the_story_itself_but what is reflected in the story that counts.‎ 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合 ‎[教材原句]　The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.‎ 小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。‎ ‎(1)adjust ... to (doing) sth.　 调整……以适应(做)某事 adjust oneself to 使自己适应于……‎ ‎(2)adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应 make an adjustment to 对……做出调整 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It took him quite a while to adjust to living (live) alone after his parents passed away.‎ ‎②We have made an adjustment (adjust) to our price and give you a special discount of 3 percent.‎ ‎③Having_adjusted (adjust) themselves to Earth's gravity upon landing for about 50 minutes, the three astronauts came out of the return capsule one after another.‎ 单句改错 ‎④I have learned how to be independent in a boarding school, which is beneficial to adjust the college life.adjust后加to ‎2．participate vi.参与；参加；分享 ‎[教材原句]　I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate in the conversation.‎ 我很喜欢听他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言交谈，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。‎ ‎(1)participate in　　　　　　　　 参加；参与 participate with sb. in sth. 与某人一起分担某事 ‎(2)participation n. 参加；参与 participant n. 参与者；参加者 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①As scheduled, we participated in several instructive activities. (2016·天津高考书面表达)‎ ‎②The participants (participate) are required to perform English programmes in ten minutes.‎ ‎③Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation (participate) rules for people to obey.(2016·江苏高考书面表达)‎ 补全句子 ‎④You should participate_with_your_friend_in his sufferings.‎ 你应当分担朋友的苦恼。‎ ‎3．otherwise conj.否则；不然 adv.用别的方法；其他方面 adj.别的；另外的；不同的 ‎[教材原句]　Otherwise they don't waste anything.‎ 否则的话，他们是不会浪费任何东西的。‎ ‎(1)otherwise conj.＝or (else)/if not　 否则；不然 ‎(2)otherwise adv.＝in another way/apart from/differently ‎ ‎ 用其他办法；除……以外；别样；另外 and otherwise＝and so on 等等 or otherwise＝or contrary 或相反 ‎(3)otherwise adj.＝other/different ‎ 另外的；其他的；不同的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 同义替换 ‎①So from then on, I have been determined never to be dishonest. Or (＝Otherwise) I will be looked down upon and lose all my friends.‎ ‎②We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise (＝differently)．‎ 补全句子 ‎③I'm really very busy, otherwise I would_certainly_go there with you.‎ 我真的非常忙，否则我一定会和你一起去那儿的。‎ ‎[名师指津]　当otherwise后接句子，表示否定意义时，如果是假想的或与事实相反的情况，从句要用虚拟语气。‎ ‎4．donate v．捐赠；赠送 ‎[教材原句]　Would you like to donate an unusual gift?‎ 你是否想要赠送一份特殊的礼物？‎ ‎(1)donate ...to sb./sth.　　 把……捐赠给某人或某物 donate ...to do sth. 捐赠……做某事 ‎(2)donation n. 捐赠；捐献 make a donation to 向……捐赠 ‎(3)donated adj. 捐赠的 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①Luckily, many people and organizations donated a lot of money to_help (help) them receive college education smoothly.‎ ‎②Besides, we made a donation (donate) of 120,000 yuan to you, expecting that it can help you get through the difficulties.‎ ‎③ I believe these donated (donate) books will not only make you more familiar with China but also help improve your Chinese.(2015·天津高考书面表达)‎ ‎④The old man donated a lot of money to the school, enabling the students to return to their classroom.‎ ‎5．distribute vt.分配；分发 ‎[经典例句]　You may have noticed that the world's population is not evenly distributed around our planet.‎ 你也许已经注意到了世界上的人口在我们的地球上不是平均分布的。‎ ‎(1)distribute ...to ...　　　 把……分给……‎ distribute ...among ... 在……中分发……‎ ‎(2)distribution n. 分配；分发；分布状态 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①Then we distributed some presents such as books and school bags_to/among them.‎ ‎②Who will be in charge of the distribution_(distribute) of food and clothing to the flood victims?‎ ‎③This species of butterfly is widely distributed (distribute) all over our country.‎ ‎6．operate vi.工作；运转；给……动手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营 ‎[教材原句]　This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community ‎ primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages.‎ 这份礼物包括为贫困的或偏远山区的社区小学提供练习册和教科书的费用。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中operate的含义 ‎①The medicine will operate in ten minutes.起作用 ‎②No matter which machine he operates, he will deal with it carefully.操作 ‎③If the doctor had operated on him earlier, he wouldn't have died.给……动手术 ‎④My parents used to operate a small restaurant near the train station.经营 ‎⑤People were trapped between floors because the lift didn't operate properly.运转 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)operate on/upon sb.　　　　　 给某人动手术 ‎(2)operation n. 运转；手术 be in operation 经营；营业 come/go into operation 开始工作/运转；生效 put/bring ... into operation 实施/施行……‎ ‎[练通重点]　单句语法填空 ‎⑥For most people, it's almost impossible to_operate (operate) a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet.‎ ‎⑦The doctor is performing an operation (operate) on the injured child.‎ ‎⑧We're all ready to put it into_operation, in other words, we're going to take action as fast as possible.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Brought up in the country, he finds it hard to adjust himself_ (he) to city life.‎ ‎2．He donated part of his liver to_save (save) the stranger, which was really a touching story.‎ ‎3．The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an operation (operate) on his knee.‎ ‎4．Marketing is more than just distributing_(distribute) goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.‎ ‎5．He has made arrangements (arrange) for the collection of his baggage from the airport.‎ ‎6．Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary (volunteer) activity whose theme is to make the city more beautiful and advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle.‎ ‎7．His idea of having weekly (week) family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has many good changes in their lives.‎ ‎8．What is more, frequently participating (participate) in school activities has helped me build ‎ confidence and develop good communication skills.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．We want to make a donation for the Hope Project, so we are organizing a charity show.for→to ‎2．I don't think what he said relevant to the topic we are discussing.relevant前加is ‎3．It only takes one week for the new students to adjust the new school.adjust后加to ‎4．His illness was too serious, otherwise he could have saved.have后加been ‎5．Encouraged by the teacher, the participants actively participated the English speech contest.participated后加in ‎6．The doctor said that the patient had to be operated at once, which made us all worried.operated后加on ‎7．It is really a privilege for me to work as a interpreter in the company.第二个a→an ‎8．The vase was purchased at a high price turned out to be of little value.去掉was Ⅲ.根据提示词补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．李华担心他在适应英国的食物上有些困难。(adjust)‎ Li Hua is worried that he has_trouble_(in)_adjusting_to British food.‎ ‎2．我们也为贫困家庭的孩子们捐赠了一些钱、书和衣服。(donate)‎ We also donated_money,_books_and_clothes_to_ children from poor families.‎ ‎3．新学期开始，老师让几个学生帮着给班内的学生发书。(distribute)‎ At the beginning of the new term, the teacher asked several students to_help_distribute_the _new_books_to the students in the class.‎ ‎4．参加这个俱乐部有助于我们对戏剧有更多的了解。(participate)‎ Participating_in_this_club_helps_us_to_learn_more_about_drama.‎ ‎5．在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西。(operate)‎ You_can't_eat_anything_before_being_operated_on.‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．(be) dying to do sth.渴望做某事 ‎[教材原句]　I know you're dying to hear all about my life here, so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.‎ 我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况，所以我在信中附有几张照片，它们将会帮你想象出我所谈到的地方。‎ ‎(1)be dying/eager/anxious to do sth.‎ ‎＝long to do sth.　　　　　 渴望做某事 ‎(2)be dying/anxious/eager/thirsty for sth.‎ ‎＝long for sth. 渴望得到某物 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①By the way, I am dying to_learn_(learn) more detailed information about this activity.‎ ‎②I heard you are dying for some advice on how to make friends.‎ ‎③Students long to_attend (attend) colleges or universities for various reasons.‎ ‎④She longed for the chance to speak to him in private.‎ ‎2．in need在困难中；在危急中 ‎[教材原句]　Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world's poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need.‎ 从这份清单中选择一份确实有用的礼物，送给世界上最穷苦人吧！给急需帮助的社区带去改善未来的希望吧！‎ in (great) need of　　　　　　 (非常)需要 satisfy/meet one's needs 满足某人的需要 there is no need (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)没有必要做某事 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①Everyone in our society should help those in need, but it is more important to be sincere and earnest.(2016·江苏高考书面表达)‎ ‎②In our life we may meet with many failures, as long as we try our best, there's no need to_feel (feel) regret for these failures.‎ ‎③They won't go back to work unless someone can meet their needs (need)．‎ ‎④In an advertisement I know that your company is in need of a temporary interpreter.‎ ‎3．“介词＋关系副词”引导的定语从句 We walked for two and a half hours to get there — first up a mountain to a ridge from_where_we_had_fantastic_views and then down a steep path to the valley below.‎ 我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里——先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。‎ 在“介词＋关系词”型定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom，关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from where, since when和by when。‎ ‎①She climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.‎ 她登上山顶，从那里她可以一览全城风光。‎ ‎②The baby is due in May, by when the new house should be finished.‎ 这个孩子到五月份才生，到那时这个新房子应该完工了。‎ ‎③The book was written in 1946, since when the education system witnessed great changes.‎ 这本书写于1946年，从那时起教育制度见证了巨大的变革。‎ ‎4．not ...but ...“不是……而是……”‎ The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.‎ 你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。‎ not ...but ...“不是……而是……”，在句中连接两个表语。当连接两个并列主语时，谓语应同靠近的主语保持一致。符合“就近一致”原则的连接词组还有：‎ ‎(1)not only ...but also ...　　 不但……，而且……‎ ‎(2)neither ...nor ... 既不……，也不……‎ ‎(3)either ...or ... 或者……，或者……‎ ‎①To be honest, voters sometimes feel annoyed, not_because_they_hate_voting,_but because they are divided between emotion and fairness.(2016·江苏高考书面表达)‎ 老实说，有时候投票者感到恼怒不是因为他们讨厌投票，而是因为他们在感情和公平之间存在分歧。‎ ‎②Not_only_will_our club's works be displayed, but we also have a valuable set of papercutting created by a famous artist of this field.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)‎ 我们不仅可以展出我们俱乐部的作品，而且还可以让一位这一领域的著名艺术家为我们制作一套有价值的剪纸。‎ ‎③Not how much money you will give us but that you are present at the ceremony really matters (matter)．‎ 真正重要的不是你会给我们多少钱，而是你会出席这个仪式。 ‎ ‎[名师指津]　“not only ...but also ...; neither ...nor ...”连接两个从句且位于句首时，前一分句用倒装结构，后一分句不用。‎ Ⅰ.根据语境选用合适的短语填空 dry up，get through，in need，dry out，participate in，make a difference，hear from， come across ‎1．Don't leave the vegetable on the table for a long time, or it will dry_out.‎ ‎2．The river dried_up in the late summer, so we could go across it easily.‎ ‎3．Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage is what makes_a_difference.‎ ‎4．I came_across some old photos in the attic yesterday.‎ ‎5．I tried calling you several times but I couldn't get_through last week.‎ ‎6．Don't believe those who leave their friends when they are in trouble because “A friend_in_need is a friend indeed.”‎ ‎7．I heard_from your mom that you are planning to drop out of school, and I have been constantly worried about you.‎ ‎8．Students are encouraged to participate_in the robot design competition in the university.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．I am uncertain whether he can speak three foreign languages.‎ ‎→I doubt_whether he can speak three foreign languages.‎ ‎2．He was ill that day, so he didn't take part in the sports meet.‎ ‎→He was ill that day, otherwise,_he_would_have_taken_part_in the sports meet.‎ ‎3．We went up to the roof, and on the roof we had a good view of the village.‎ ‎→We went up to the roof, from_where we had a good view of the village.‎ ‎4．After walking in the desert for such a long time, he was dying for a good rest.‎ ‎→After walking in the desert for such a long time, he was dying_to_have a good rest.‎ ‎5．The man made a hole in the wall, and through the hole he saw the garden outside.‎ ‎→The man made a hole in the wall, through_which he saw the garden outside.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．中国是风筝的故乡，在那里风筝传到日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。(from where定语从句)‎ China is the birthplace of kites, from_where_kiteflying_spread_to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.‎ ‎2．在你的上一封邮件中，你怀疑是否有可能修补你们的友谊。(doubt whether)‎ In your last mail you doubted_whether_it_was_possible_to_mend_your_friendship.‎ ‎3．我现在很少锻炼，但我上初中时的确经常踢球。(do的强调用法)‎ I don't take much exercise now, but_I_did_play_football_when_I_was_in_junior_school.‎ ‎4．主要问题不是水太热，而是它不干净。(not ...but ...)‎ The_main_problem_is_not_that_the_water_is_too_hot,_but_that_it_is_not_clean.‎ ‎5．老师从他身边经过时，他正在写作业。(be doing ...when ...)‎ He_was_doing_his_homework_when_the_teacher_passed_by_him.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法——复习限制性定语从句 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．This is the girl whom I met in the street.‎ ‎2．I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting.‎ ‎3．The tower from which people can have a good view is on the hill.‎ ‎4．Finally he reached a lonely island which/that was completely cut off from the outside.‎ ‎5．Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own ‎ strengths.‎ ‎6．After graduation she reached a point in her career when she had to decide what to do. ‎ ‎7．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected.‎ ‎8．Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．This is the longest train which I have ever seen.which→that ‎2．I have bought the same dress which she is wearing.which→as ‎3．We live in an age that more information is available with greater ease than ever before.that→when ‎4．In the police station I saw the man from whom room the thief had stolen the ebike.whom→whose ‎5．I shall never forget those years which I lived on the farm which you visited last week.第一个which→when Ⅲ.补全或翻译句子 (注意使用定语从句)‎ ‎1．这是一个著名的作家住过的房子。‎ This is the house which_a_famous_writer_once_lived_in.‎ ‎2．我不清楚他放弃这么好的一个机会的原因。‎ I don't know the reason why_he_had_given_up_such_a_good_chance.‎ ‎3．我读了你们发布在网上的夏令营的通知，我对它很感兴趣。‎ I read the announcement of the summer camp (that/which)_you_have_posted_on_the_Internet and I am interested in it.‎ ‎4．这就是那天我们看展览的那个博物馆。‎ This_is_the_museum_where/in_which_we_saw_an_exhibition.‎ ‎5．他就是你一直在寻找的人。‎ He_is_the_man_whom_you_have_been_looking_for.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作练补写——让行文更条理 ‎[题目要求]‎ 上周日，你们学校组织了一次志愿者活动。假定你是李华，请你给校报写一封信，报道相关情况。词数100左右。‎ 参考词汇：leaflet传单 ‎[补写提示]　请按提示线索补写下列习作 Dear Editor，‎ We took part in a voluntary activity organized by our school last Sunday.‎ 活动地点：文化广场→活动形式：发传单 Some made a public speech, telling people about the best place where they can hide when an earthquake occurs. We have learned much from the voluntary activity, which offers us an opportunity to contribute to society. We told the public about the situation because we thought everyone should be concerned about each other and take responsibility for promoting a public cause. ‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear Editor，‎ We took part in a voluntary activity organized by our school last Sunday. We_gathered_at_the_Culture_Square,_passing_leaflets_to_passersby_from_which_they_can_learn_what_the_earthquake_is_and_how_to_protect_themselves_against_the_earthquake._The_leaflets_drew_the_attention_of_the_public_to_the_damage_that_an_earthquake_can_cause_and_told_them_to_take_action_in_a_right_and_efficient_way.‎ Some made a public speech, telling people about the best place where they can hide when an earthquake occurs. We have learned much from the voluntary activity, which offers us an opportunity to contribute to society. We told the public about the situation because we thought everyone should be concerned about each other and take responsibility for promoting a public cause.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅰ.完形填空 Many years ago, three soldiers, hungry and tired of battle, arrived at a small village. The villagers, suffering a poor harvest and years of war, quickly __1__ the food they owned. They met the three at the village square, __2__ about the lack of food.‎ The first soldier then approached the village elders, “Your tired fields have left you __3__ to share, so we shall share what we have: the __4__ of how to make soup from __5__.”‎ Naturally the villagers became __6__ and soon a fire was put to the village's greatest pot as the soldiers carefully __7__ three stones. “Now this will be a fine soup，” said the second soldier，“__8__ some salt and parsley (西芹) would make it more wonderful！” A woman __9__， crying “What luck! I remember I've got some at home！” Off she ran,‎ ‎ __10__ with a handful of parsley. As the pot boiled on, carrots, beef and cream had soon __11__ their way into the pot before everyone set out to __12__.‎ The soldiers ate and danced and sang well into the night, __13__ by the meal and their __14__ friends. The next morning, they awoke to __15__ the entire village standing before them with their best bread and cheese.“You have given us the greatest __16__，” said an elder，“and we shall never forget it.” The third soldier turned to the __17__， and said，“There is no secret but one thing is __18__： it is only by __19__ that we may make a feast.” And off the __20__ wandered, down the road to their next destination.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过三个士兵和村民之间的故事告诉我们要学会分享。‎ ‎1．A.ate up　　　　　　　 B．gave away C．hid D．sold 解析：选C　根据上文中的“The villagers, suffering a poor harvest and years of war”并结合最后一段内容可知，此处指村民们迅速地把他们拥有的食物藏了起来。C项意为“隐藏”，符合语境。‎ ‎2．A.caring B．thinking C．joking D．complaining 解析：选D　根据空格后的“the lack of food”可知，此处指村民们抱怨食物的短缺。D项意为“抱怨”，符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.nothing B．anything C．a little D．a lot 解析：选A　根据下文中的“so we shall share what we have”可知，此处指你们贫瘠的农田让你们没有东西可以分享。A项意为“没有什么”，符合语境。‎ ‎4．A.importance B．secret C．problem D．matter 解析：选B　根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“There is no secret but ... ”中的“secret”的提示并结合语境可知，此处指士兵们要分享做汤的秘密。B项意为“秘密”，符合语境。‎ ‎5．A.pots B．bread C．stones D．cream 解析：选C　根据下文中的“as the soldiers carefully __7__ three stones”可知，此处指士兵们要分享用石头做汤的秘密。故选C项。‎ ‎6．A.curious B．scared C．worried D．content 解析：选A　上文提到，士兵们要分享用石头做汤的秘密；由此可推知，村民自然会对这件事感到好奇。A项意为“好奇的”，符合语境。‎ ‎7．A.picked up B．dropped in C．chose D．collected 解析：选B　结合语境可知，此处指士兵们把三块石头放进锅里。B项意为“(使)落进”，符合语境。‎ ‎8．A.as if B．in case C．since D．but 解析：选D　根据上文中的“Now this will be a fine soup”与下文中的“some salt and parsley (西芹) would make it more wonderful”可知，此处指但是一些盐和西芹会让这锅汤更美味。D项意为“但是”，符合语境。‎ ‎9．A.backed off B．broke down C．jumped up D．stepped away 解析：选C　根据下文中的“What luck! I remember I've got some at home！”并结合语境可知，此处指一个女人跳起来喊道。C项意为“跳起来”，符合语境。‎ ‎10．A.returning B．leaving C．dealing D．trading 解析：选A　结合语境可知，这个女人跑着离开了，拿了一些西芹回来。A项意为“返回”，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A.fought B．felt C．found D．lost 解析：选C　find one's way into 为固定搭配，意为“找到到……的路”，此处指胡萝卜、牛肉、奶油都进入到了锅里。fight one's way 意为“奋力前进”；feel one's way 意为“摸索着前进”；lose one's way意为“迷路”，均与语境不符。故选C项。‎ ‎12．A.work B．feast C．talk D．play 解析：选B　根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“we may make a feast”及语境可知，此处指大家准备享用大餐之前，胡萝卜、牛肉、奶油都进入到了锅里。feast意为“盛宴，宴会”，符合语境。‎ ‎13．A.refreshed B．alarmed C．annoyed D．amused 解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处指士兵们因为大餐和朋友而恢复精力。A项意为“(使)恢复精力”，符合语境。‎ ‎14．A.wellinformed B．newlymade C．hardearned D．longlost 解析：‎ 选B　根据第一段第一句可知，士兵们之前并不认识这些村民；由此可推知，此处指士兵们新交的朋友。B项意为“新交的”，符合语境。A项意为“消息灵通的”；C项意为“辛苦得到的，来之不易的”；D项意为“丢失很久的”。‎ ‎15．A.keep B．recognize C．expect D．discover 解析：选D　根据语境可知，此处指第二天早上，士兵们醒来的时候发现所有的村民都带着他们最好的面包和奶酪站在他们面前。D项意为“发现”，符合语境。‎ ‎16．A.answer B．hope C．gift D．advice 解析：选C　根据下文中的“we shall never forget it”及语境可知，此处指一个老人说士兵们给了他们最好的礼物。故选C项。‎ ‎17．A.crowd B．family C．strangers D．companions 解析：选A　根据上文中的“the entire village standing before them”可知，士兵们的面前有一群村民；由此可知，此处指第三个士兵转向人群说。A项意为“人群”，符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.funny B．doubtful C．different D．certain 解析：选D　根据上文中的“There is no secret”可知，此处指没有什么秘密，但是有一点是肯定的。D项意为“肯定的，确定的”，符合语境。‎ ‎19．A.entertaining B．sharing C．appreciating D．donating 解析：选B　根据第二段中的“Your tired fields have left you __3__ to share, so we shall share what we have ...”可知，此处指只有通过分享大家才能享受到大餐。B项意为“分享”，符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.villagers B．elders C．locals D．soldiers 解析：选D　根据空后的“wandered, down the road to their next destination”可知，此处指士兵们沿着去下一个目的地的街道漫步离开了。故选D项。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 When Dad told me I was going to take a scuba diver training course, I was really excited. I thought I'd be like those people on TV, __1__ (play) with fish.‎ In the pool, Rob, my instructor, demanded we do what he did. One of the drills __2__ (be) to take our masks off at the bottom of the deep end, replace them, __3__ clear them of water. I wasn't doing that because I couldn't open my eyes underwater or keep water out of my nose. I __4__ (terrify) and made excuse after excuse about __5__ I couldn't do it. Rob walked over and said, “Alaya, you don't have to do this if you don't want to. Nobody is forcing you.” Though I said ‎ I wasn't going to do it, my __6__ (foot) carried me toward the pool.‎ With my eyes tightly __7__ (close), I dived in and made my way to __8__ other end. The water felt unnatural against my face. I __9__ (quick) threw on my mask and started clearing it of water. Rob gave me thumbs up. I learned a big lesson: there is nothing to fear but fear __10__ (it)．‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过学习潜水的经历告诉我们：没有什么是可怕的，除了“可怕”本身。‎ ‎1．playing　分析句子结构可知，此处是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。‎ ‎2．was　根据语境可知，文章描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。‎ ‎3．and　分析句子结构可知，空格后的动词“clear”与前面的两个动词“take”和“replace”并列。故应用and。‎ ‎4．was terrified　根据语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，并且主语I与terrify之间是被动关系。故填was terrified。‎ ‎5．why　句意：关于我为什么不能做到，我找了一个又一个借口。根据句意可知，此处应用why引导宾语从句。‎ ‎6．feet　根据常识可知，此处应是指两只脚，用复数形式。‎ ‎7．closed　分析句子结构可知，此处是“with＋n.＋过去分词”复合结构，因为close与eyes之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词。‎ ‎8．the　根据语境可知，此处表示到游泳池的另一端，应用定冠词。‎ ‎9．quickly　修饰动词应用副词形式。故填quickly。‎ ‎10．itself　句意：我学到了重要的一课：没有什么是可怕的，除了“可怕”本身。根据句意可知，应填itself。‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 Morse code (摩斯密码) is named __1__ Samuel F．B. Morse, a painter and founder of the National Academy of Design. He, along with two other engineers, developed the telegraph and the code __2__ uses a set of dots and dashes or short and long pulses to represent each letter of the English alphabet. The first working telegraph was produced in 1836. This made __3__ possible to send messages over any __4__ (distant). The first Morse code message __5__ (send) from Washington to Baltimore in 1844.‎ Today experienced operators copy received text without the need to write as they receive. Morse code can be sent __6__ (use) sound or light, as sometimes happens between ships at sea. It can be used to send messages in English __7__ many other languages. For languages not __8__ (write) with the Latin alphabet, other versions of Morse code are used. The Chinese telegraph code is used to change Chinese __9__ (character) into fourdigit (四位数) codes and then those digits are sent through standard Morse code. __10__ (similar), Korean Morse code uses the SKATS (Standard Korean Alphabet Transliteration System) to allow Korean to be typed on ‎ Western typewriters.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了摩斯电报及密码。‎ ‎1．after/for　be named after/for sb. 是固定搭配，意为“以某人的名字命名”。故填after/for。‎ ‎2．that/which　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是code，指物，在从句中作主语。故填which/that。‎ ‎3．it　分析句子可知，此处考查固定结构make＋it＋possible＋to do sth., 意为“使做某事成为可能”，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为to do sth.。故填it。‎ ‎4．distance　over是介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词；空格前有any修饰，空格处应用名词。故填distance。‎ ‎5．was sent　主语Mose code message和动词send之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语“in 1844”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填was sent。‎ ‎6．using　此处表示可以用声音或光传递摩斯密码，Morse code和use之间为主动关系，应用use的现在分词形式在句中作方式状语。故填using。‎ ‎7．and　English和many other languages之间是并列关系。故填and。‎ ‎8．written　For在句中为介词，空格处应用非谓语形式；且write和languages之间是被动关系，应用write的过去分词形式作后置定语。故填written。‎ ‎9．characters　character在此处意为“汉字”，是可数名词，此处表示不止一个汉字，应用其复数形式。故填characters。‎ ‎10．Similarly　此处应用副词修饰后面的整个句子，意为“同样地”。故填Similarly。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2018·烟台市诊断性测试)Li Ming is a friend of mine.I'm glad he changed greatly in the past two years.I clearly remember he was quite fat two years before.He got tired so easy that he couldn't take exercise, that made him very upset.Later, he realized unless he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing.So he made up his minds to make a change.He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon.Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat.Gradually he began to lose weight.He is now an energetic boy in good health.So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.‎ 答案：第二句：changed前加has 第三句：before→ago 第四句：easy→easily; 第二个that→which或在第二个that前加and 第五句：unless→if; achieve→achieving 第六句：minds→mind 第七句：去掉the 第八句：or→and 第十一句：it→them Ⅲ.书面表达 据报道，在我国仍有很多山区的孩子因为家庭贫穷而上不起学，你们班就如何帮助这些孩子上学进行了讨论。假如你是李华，请你把你们的建议写成一封信寄给English Weekly，希望他们能够呼吁更多的人参与这项活动。‎ 建议要点：‎ ‎1．收集旧课本和衣服；‎ ‎2．呼吁更多人帮助他们；‎ ‎3．你的建议：至少一条。‎ 要求：‎ ‎1．100词左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Editor，‎ I'm a senior high school student. 　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ We'll really appreciate it if you can, through the English Weekly, increase public awareness of improving the poor children's living conditions and call on more people to help them.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Editor, ‎ I'm a senior high school student. It's reported that in China many children in mountainous areas still can't go to school because of poverty. Last week, our class held a discussion about how to help them to go to school and live a happy childhood. ‎ Here are our suggestions. First, some old textbooks and clothes can be collected and sent to those children so that they can be reused by them. Second, it's also very important to appeal to more people and social organizations to help and care for those poor children. As far as I'm concerned, we should save some of our pocket money and give it to those children in need. Above all, we should give them respect, never looking down upon them because they are poor.‎ We'll really appreciate it if you can, through the English Weekly, increase public awareness of improving the poor children's living conditions and call on more people to help them. ‎