新教材高中英语Unit1课件 人教版必修第二册 25页

Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Section C Discovering Useful Structures 核心词汇 词汇一 　 professional （ 1 ） adj. 专业的；职业的 （ 2 ） n. 专业人员；职业选手 ◆教材原句 We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. 我们在大金字塔的入口处遇见了一位专业的考古学家。 ◆要点必记 professional skills 专业技能 seek professional advice/help 寻求专业意见 / 帮助 a professional tennis player 职业网球运动员 ◆词语积累 profession n. 职业，行业 enter/go into/join a profession 加入某个行业 题组练 · 领悟方法 ◆单句语法填空 （ 1 ） The 　　　 　 （ profession ） players were completely out of form during the match. （ 2 ） There will be a rise in the demand for health care 　　　　 （ professional ） in the future. ◆单句写作 （ 3 ）如果这属于法律问题，你就需要寻求专业意见了。 If it’s a legal matter ， you need to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 . （ 4 ） 参加本课程的大多数人是职业女性。 Most of the people on the course were 　　　　 　　　　 . professional professionals seek professional advice professional women 词汇二 　 entrance n. （ 1 ）入口（处）；大门（口）；入口通道 （ 2 ）进入；进入权；进入许可 ◆要点必记 entrance to …… 的入口 / 门口（ to 表“对象”“方向”） entrance of …… 的入口 / 门口（ of 表示“所属”） the entrance to the school 学校入口处 the front/back/side entrance of the house 房子的前门 / 后门 / 侧门 gain entrance to 获得进入 …… 的许可 an entrance fee 入场费 entrance examinations 入学考试 ◆词语积累 enter vt. 进入；参加 enter for 报名参加 enter the room 进入房间 ◆学法点拨 the + n. +to 结构： the answer to the question 问题的答案 the key to the door 门的钥匙 the solution to the problem 问题的解决办法 ◆单句语法填空 （ 1 ） Guests have free entrance 　　 　　 the swimming pool and the health club. （ 2 ） Don’t worry. There is no doubt that we will find a solution 　　 　 　 the problem. （ 3 ） His sudden 　　　 　 （ enter ） took everyone by surprise. ◆单句写作 （ 4 ） 　　　　 　　　　 （ …… 的入口） the meeting room has already been closed. （ 5 ） After he found 　　 　 　 　 （ …… 的入口） the building ， he 　　　　　 　 （进入大厅） without making a sound. （ 6 ） Scientists had searched for 　　　 　　　　 （ …… 的解决方法） the mystery ， but they didn’t find it. （ 7 ） 　　　　 　　 　 　 　　 （成功的关键） is hard work. 　 　　 The key to success a solution to the entrance to entered the hall The entrance to entrance to to 词汇三 　 process （ 1 ） n. 过程；进程；步骤 （ 2 ） vt. 处理；加工 ◆教材原句 He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. 他向我们解释了建造如此困难的结构的过程。 ◆要点必记 in the process 同时；在 …… 过程中 in the process of （ doing ） sth. 在（做）某事的过程中 be in process （某事）正在进行 process... into... 把 …… 加工成 …… ◆词语积累 processed adj. 经加工的，加工过的 ◆单句写作 （ 1 ） The translation______ _____ ______ ______ _____ （正在） being turned into a television series. （ 2 ） Studies have shown that the right and left ear 　 　　　 　　　　 　　　　 （处理声音不同） . ◆单句语法填空 （ 3 ） Some people don’t like 　　　　 （ process ） vegetables. is in the process of process sound differently processed 词汇四 　 exit （ 1 ） n. 出口；通道 （ 2 ） vi. & vt. 出去；离去 ◆教材原句 What is an exit ? 什么是出口？ ◆要点必记 the exit of...…… 的出口 make a quick exit 迅速离开 emergency/fire exit 紧急出口 / 消防通道 exit from/through 从 …… 离开 / 出去 ◆词语积累 ［反］ entrance n. 大门（口）；入口（处） 单元语法 要点一　关系代词和关系副词 ◆要点必记 （ 1 ）关系代词 指人： who ， whom ， that 指物： that ， which whose=the+ n. +of which/whom （ 2 ）关系副词 when=on/in/at/during which where=in/on/at/to which why=for which ◆单句写作 （ 1 ） There is 　　　 　　　　　 （消防通道） on each floor of the building. （ 2 ） Stephen 　　　　 　　　　 （迅速离去） to avoid meeting her. （ 3 ） The girl 　　　　 　　　 （从 …… 出去） a side door. （ 4 ） In case of emergency ， passengers are allowed ________________ （从 …… 出去） the windows of the bus. a fire exit made a quick exit exited through to exit from ◆单句语法填空 （ 1 ）［ 2018· 北京卷］ She and her family bicycle to work ， 　　　　 helps them keep fit. （ 2 ）［ 2016· 江苏卷］ Dashan ， 　　　　 has been learning crosstalk ， the Chinese comedic tradition ， for decades ， wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. （ 3 ）［ 2015· 北京卷］ Opposite is St. Paul’s Church ， 　 　　　 you can hear some lovely music. （ 4 ）［ 2012· 湖南卷］ Care of the soul is a gradual process 　　　　 even the small details of life should be considered. which who where where/in which 要点二　限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 ◆要点必记 （ 1 ）作用不同 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，不可去掉，否则主句意思不完整。非限制性定语从 句对先行词进行补充说明，可去掉，去掉后主句意思仍完整。 （ 2 ）形式不同 限制性定语从句与主句不用逗号隔开。 非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开。 （ 3 ）先行词不同 大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的 先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由 which 引导。 （ 4 ）关系词的使用情况不同 · that 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句 · 关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替，但 whom 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 来 代替。 · 关系代词的省略情况不同 : 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省略。 ◆单句语法填空 （ 1 ） The old town has narrow streets and small houses 　　　 　 are built close to each other. （ 2 ） Do you still remember the chicken farm 　　　　 we visited three months ago? （ 3 ） Finally he reached a lonely island 　　 　　 was completely cut off from the outside world. （ 4 ） I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week ， 　　　　 my classmates recommended to me. （ 5 ） Until now ， we have raised 50 ， 000 pounds for the poor children ， 　　　　 is quite unexpected. that/which that/which that/which which which ◆英译汉 （ 6 ） In our school there are eight foreign teachers who come from Australia. 　　　　 　 （ 7 ） In our school there are eight foreign teachers ， who come from Australia. 　　　　　　　　　 我们学校有 8 位来自澳大利亚的外籍教师。（本句表达的意思是：我们学校有来自澳大利亚的外籍教师，还有不是来自澳大利亚的外籍教师） 我们学校共有 8 位外籍教师，他们来自澳大利亚。（本句表达的意思是：我们学校共有 8 位外籍教师，他们全部来自澳大利亚） 要点三　关系代词只用 that 不用 which ◆要点必记 （ 1 ）当先行词是 all ， much ， little ， few ， something ， anything ， everything ， none ， nothing 等不定代词时。 （ 2 ）当先行词被 the only ， the same ， the very ， the last ， any ， few ， little ， no ， all 等限定词修饰时。 （ 3 ）当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 （ 4 ）先行词既包括人又包括物时。 （ 5 ）当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。 ◆单句语法填空 （ 1 ）［ 2014· 陕西卷］ Please send us all the information 　　　　 you have about the candidate for the position. （ 2 ） I refuse to accept the blame for something 　　　　 was someone else’s fault. （ 3 ） These articles are the very ones 　　　　 should be read. （ 4 ） Chatting was the only thing 　　　　 interested her. （ 5 ） This is the best movie 　　　　 I’ve ever seen. （ 6 ） She took photographs of the people and things 　　　　 she was interested in. that that that that that that 要点四　关系代词只用 which 不用 that ◆要点必记 （ 1 ）当关系代词前有介词时，用 which 不用 that ，但当介词在从句句末时，两者 皆可。 （ 2 ）引导非限制性定语从句时只能用 which 。 单句语法填空 （ 1 ）［ 2018· 江苏卷］ By boat is the only way to get here ， 　　　　 is how we arrived. （ 2 ）［ 2016· 浙江卷］ The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by 　　　　 we see the world around us. （ 3 ） This is the question about 　　　　 we’ve had a discussion. （ 4 ） They invited me to the party ， 　　　　 made me very happy. which which which which 要点五　“介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句 ◆要点必记 on/in/at/during which=when in/on/at/to which=where for which=why ◆学法点拨 关系代词前介词的确定：一先、二动、三意义 · 一先：根据先行词确定介词； · 二动：根据从句的谓语动词来确定介词； · 三意义：根据从句的意义来确定介词。 ◆单项选择 （ 1 ）［ 2019· 天津 3 月卷］ The course normally attracts about 100 students per year ， _____up to half will be from abroad. A. who B. of which C. when D. of whom （ 2 ）［ 2015· 浙江卷］ Creating an atmosphere 　　　　 employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which ） ◆单句语法填空 （ 3 ）［ 2015· 安徽卷］ Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill 　　　　 which school education depends. （ 4 ） I’ll never forget the time 　　　　 which I was with my friends in the countryside. （ 5 ） I bought a great many books ， 　　　　 which I spent all my money that I saved. （ 6 ） The colorless gas 　 　　　 which we cannot live is called oxygen. D C on/upon during on without 要点六　“ 名词 / 代词 / 数词 + of+which/whom” 引导定语从句 ◆要点必记 常见此类结构包括 some/several/a few/a little/many/more/ most...+of + which / whom · Here are the questions ， some of which I thought are too difficult for you. 就是这些问题，其中一些我认为对你来说 太难。 · Present at the meeting are experts on DNA ， most of whom come from the USA. 出席会议的是 DNA 方面的专家，其中大部分来自美国。 要点七　 as 引导的定语从句 ◆要点必记 （ 1 ）当主句的先行词被 the same ， as ， such ， so 等修饰时，应用 as 引导定语从句， as 可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 （ 2 ） as 引导非限制性定语从句时，指代 整个主句， as 意为“正如，正像”。 as 引导的定语从句通常有以下固定的表达： as we all know 正如大家所知道的 as I can remember 正如我所记得的 as often happens 正如经常发生的那样 as we expect 正如我们所预料的那样 as you see 如你所见 as has been said before 如前所述 as is well-known 众所周知 as was expected 正如预料的那样 as is often the case （对 …… 而言）这是常有的事 as may be imagined 正如可以想象出来的那样 ◆单项选择 （ 1 ）［ 2016· 浙江卷］ Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears ， none of 　 has been proved. A. Whom B. which C. what D. that （ 2 ）［ 2016· 江苏卷］ Many young people ， most 　　　　 were well-educated ， headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those （ 3 ）［ 2014· 天津卷］ English is a language shared by several diverse cultures ， 　　　　 uses it differently. A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them （ 4 ）［ 2013· 浙江卷］ The children ， 　　　　 had played the whole day long ， were worn out. A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom B C B D ◆单句语法填空 （ 1 ）［ 2013· 陕西卷］ 　　　　 is often the case with children ， Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. （ 2 ）［ 2012· 安徽卷］ A lot of language learning ， 　　　　 has been discovered ， is happening in the first year of life ， so parents should talk much to their children during that period. （ 3 ）［ 2013· 全国 Ⅰ 卷］“ You can’t judge a book by its cover ，” 　　　　 the old saying goes. As as as ◆单句写作 （ 4 ）［ 2013· 山东卷］没有简单的答案，在科学上情况通常是这样。 There is no simple answer ， 　　 　　　　　　 in science. （ 5 ） 众所周知，中国是一个具有悠久历史的伟大国家。 　　　　 　　　 ， China is a great country with a long history. （ 6 ） 正如报道的那样，清华大学建校已有 100 多年的历史。 　　　　 　　　　 ， it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded. as is often the case As is well-known As is reported 要点八　定语从句中的主谓一致 问题 ◆要点必记 （ 1 ）先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用 单数形式；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。 （ 2 ） one of+ 限定词 + 复数名词 + 关系代 词 + 谓语动词的复数形式； the （ only ， very ， right ） one of+ 限定词 + 复数名词 + 关系代词 + 谓语动词的单数形式。 （ 3 ） as ， which 作主语引导非限制性定语 从句，指全句时，从句谓语用单数形式。