2019版一轮复习英语外研版必修一Module4ASocialSurvey—MyNeighbourhood 41页

‎2019版一轮复习英语外研版必修一Module4A Social Survey — My Neighbourhood单元学案 ‎[一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．local adj.　 　地方的；局部的 　 2．suburb n. 　 城郊；郊区 ‎3．pretty adv. 很；相当 4．nuisance n. 令人讨厌的人或事 ‎5．district n. 地域；区域；行政区 6．architecture n. 建筑 ‎7．committee n. 委员会 8．gallery n. 美术馆；画廊 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．survey n．& v. 调查 2．hometown n. 家乡 ‎3．sound vi. 听起来 4．bother vt. 打扰；烦扰；麻烦 ‎5．approach vt. 接近 6．park vt. 停车 ‎7．traffic n. 交通 8．exchange vt. 交换；交流 ‎9．afford vt. 买得起；有能力支付 10．contact vt. 联络；联系(某人)‎ ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎　1.neighbourhood n．四邻；街坊→neighbour n．邻居 ‎*2.attractive adj.有吸引力的；吸引人的→attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引；名胜；吸引力 ‎*3.fortunate adj.幸运的；吉祥的→fortunately adv.幸运地；吉祥地→fortune n．运气；财富 ‎　4.tourist n．旅游者；观光客→tour vt.& n．旅游；观光→tourism n．旅游业 ‎*5.starve vi.饿死→starvation n．饿死；挨饿 ‎　6.occupation n．职业→occupy v．占用；占据 ‎　7.professional adj.专业的→profession n．职业；专业 ‎*8.unemployed adj.失业的；没有工作的→unemployment n．失业→employment n．就业；工作；职业→employ vt.雇用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员 ‎　9.fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的→fascinate vt.使着迷→fascination n．魅力 ‎*10.survive vi.死里逃生；大难不死→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者 用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．The Great Wall is an attraction,_whose scenery is very attractive,_and it attracts a large number of tourists every day.(attract)‎ ‎2．It was fortunate of them to make a fortune by trading with foreigners. And more fortunately for them, they were supported by the government.(fortune)‎ ‎3．It is surprising that there are still many people in the world starving to death each year; that is, many people die of starvation.(starve)‎ ‎4．There was such great unemployment in the city that some employers are required to employ more employees.(employ)‎ ‎5．Only two passengers survived the air crash. When the two survivors were interviewed, they said their survival was a wonder.(survive)‎ ‎[话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．position /pə'zIʃ(ə)n/ n．　　　　 位置 ‎2．border /'bɔːdə/ n. 边界；边(沿)‎ ‎3．frontier /'frʌntIə/ n. 边境；国界 ‎4．continent /'kɒntInənt/ n. 大陆；大洲 ‎5．capital /'kæpIt(ə)l/ n. 首都 ‎6．immigration /ImI'greIʃn/ n. 移居 ‎7．origin /'ɒrIdʒIn/ n. 起源；由来 ‎8．beach /biːtʃ/ n. 海滨；海滩 ‎ ‎9．coast /kəʊst/ n. 海岸 ‎10．shore /ʃɔː/ n. 海滨 ‎ ‎11．island /'aIlənd/ n. 岛 ‎12．spring /sprIŋ/ n. 泉 ‎13．stream /striːm/ n. 小溪 ‎14．range /rendʒ/ n. 山脉 ‎15．valley /'vælI/ n. 山谷；溪谷 ‎16．jungle /'dʒʌŋɡ(ə)l/ n. 丛林 ‎17．discovery /dI'skʌv(ə)rI/ n. 发现 ‎18．climate /'klaImət/ n. 气候 ‎19．haze /heIz/ n. 雾霾 ‎20．fog /fɒɡ/ n. 雾 ‎21．frost /frɒst/ n. 霜 ‎22．rainbow /'reInbəʊ/ n. 虹；彩虹 ‎23．thunderstorm /'θʌndəstɔːm/ n. 雷暴 ‎24．exploit /Ik'splɒIt/ vt. 开发；开采 ‎25．mild /maIld/ adj. 温和的；暖和的 ‎26．damp /dæmp/ adj.& n. 潮湿(的)‎ ‎27．widespread /'waIdspred/ adj. 分布广的 ‎28．remote /rI'məʊt/ adj. 偏远的；偏僻的 ‎29．abundant /ə'bʌnd(ə)nt/ adj. 丰盛的；充裕的 ‎30．freezing /'friːzIŋ/ adj. 冰冻的；极冷的 ‎[二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.put_up　　　　　　　　　　　　　修建 ‎*2.pay_back 归还；偿还 ‎　3.so_far/up_to_now/till_now 到目前为止 ‎*4.get_away_from 摆脱 ‎　5.a_great_many/a_number_of 许多；大量 ‎*6.make_it 获得成功；准时到达；渡过难关 ‎　7.at_weekends 在周末 ‎*8.go_up 上升 ‎　9.make_money 挣钱 ‎(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．To get_away_from the city's noises, she moved to the countryside.‎ ‎2．A large building will be put_up where there was a square.‎ ‎3．Housing price is going_up,_and many young people can't buy an apartment.‎ ‎4．Failure doesn't mean you will never make_it;_it does mean it will take a little longer time.‎ ‎5．At last I paid_back all the money I borrowed from him.‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．be located in/lie in 　坐落于；位于 ‎2．be surrounded by 被……包围/环绕着 ‎3．settle down 定居 ‎4．cover an area of ... 占地面积为……‎ ‎5．date from/back to 追溯到 ‎6．have a history of ... 有……的历史 ‎7．be wellknown for 以……闻名 ‎8．be wellknown as 作为……闻名 ‎9．be rich in 富含；盛产 ‎10．have a population of 有……人口 ‎11．name after 以……命名 ‎12．take on a new look 呈现新面貌 ‎13．in memory of ... 为了纪念……‎ ‎14．in the course of 在……过程中 ‎15．in the long run 从长远来看 ‎16．at the top/foot of ... 在……的顶部/底部(脚下)‎ ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．It is/has been＋时间段＋since ...‎ ‎[例句]　It's been six years since we last saw each other, you know. ‎ ‎[仿写]　你们回家已经两个星期了，我非常想念你们。(2016·天津高考书面表达)‎ It_has_been_two_weeks_since you returned your home and I've been missing you very much.‎ ‎2．This is the first time (that) ...‎ ‎[例句]　And this is the first time I've visited your hometown. ‎ ‎[仿写]　这是她第三次赢得比赛，这使我们都很吃惊。‎ It is the third time that she has_won_the_race,_which has surprised us all.‎ ‎3．What's ... like?‎ ‎[例句]　What's the climate like?‎ ‎[仿写]　宇宙飞船是什么样子的？‎ What's_a_spaceship_like?‎ ‎4．the way that ...‎ ‎[例句]　Cities are interesting, and they can be beautiful, but they are never beautiful in the way that the countryside is beautiful. ‎ ‎[仿写]　现在，计算机已经改变了我们的工作和娱乐方式。‎ Nowadays, computers have changed the_way_that_we_work_and_play.‎ ‎[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．Internet voting is quite popular nowadays. Many people are somewhat puzzled at the negative side of the voting, although some are quite happy with it, and active in doing it.(2016·江苏高考书面表达)‎ 网络投票如今非常流行。很多人对投票的负面影响有些疑惑，然而一些人对它相当满意，并积极参与。‎ ‎2．You have asked for my advice with regard to the students' safety at school and I will try to make some suggestions.‎ 你向我征求有关学生在校安全问题的建议，我会尝试着提出一些建议。‎ ‎3．My hometown lies at the foot of the mountain, with a big river running in front of it.‎ 我的家乡就在山脚下，有一条大河从它的前面流过。‎ ‎4．Now the most important thing for us to do is to take measures to protect us from the haze.‎ 现在，对我们来说要做的最重要的事情就是采取措施保护我们免受雾霾的危害。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ Qingdao, a gorgeous coastal city and also a harbour, lies in the east of Shandong Province. Every year, when summer is approaching, a number of tourists who want to get away from the hot weather would like to come here to appreciate its fascinating scenery and architecture, especially its attractive sea. Here you can walk along the beaches, go swimming in the sea and visit art galleries. When you are starving, you can also enjoy the delicious seafood.‎ I feel fortunate living here. If you come here, I'm sure you can have fun here and have a lot of experiences to exchange with your friends.‎ 青岛，一个美丽的海滨城市也是一个港口，位于山东省的东部。每年，当夏天来临时，许多想摆脱炎热天气的旅游者都会来这里欣赏迷人的风景和建筑，尤其是吸引人的大海。在这里你可以在海滩漫步，在大海中游泳，参观美术馆。当感到饥饿时，你还可以享用美味的海鲜。‎ 我居住在这里感到很幸运。如果你来这里，我相信你会玩得愉快，而且会有很多经历与你的朋友交流。‎ ‎[第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．approach vt.接近，靠近；找(某人)商量n.接近；通路；方法；途径 ‎ ‎[高考佳句]　Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view.(2017·天津高考)‎ 不幸的是，我刚拿出我的照相机，一位女士从后面靠近我，正好把她自己置于我的视线前。‎ ‎(1)approach sb. on/about (doing) sth. 与某人商量(做)某事 with sth. approaching 在……快到的时候 ‎(2)at the approach of 在快到……的时候 make approaches to sb. 设法接近某人 an approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径 ‎①I approached him about/on filling the manager's job.‎ 我找他商量，问他是否有意当经理。‎ ‎②With the Qixi festival approaching (approach), many shops are selling Valentine's Day items.‎ 随着七夕节的临近，许多商店出售情人节物品。‎ ‎③At_the_approach_of the final exam, most of us stay up late to study.‎ 在期末考试快要到来时，我们大多数人熬夜学习到很晚。‎ ‎④The job market has changed and our approach to finding (find) work must change as well.‎ 就业市场变了，我们找工作的途径也要改变。‎ ‎2．exchange vt.& n．交换；交流；兑换 ‎[高考佳句]　Two weeks went by, and our exchange activities ended.(2016·天津高考书面表达)‎ 两周过去了，我们的交流活动结束了。‎ ‎(1)exchange sth. with sb.　　 与某人交换某物 exchange A for B 用A交换B ‎(2)in exchange (for ...) (作为……的)交换，互换 exchange students 交换生 ‎①Meanwhile, they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge.(2015·重庆高考写作)‎ 与此同时，他们彼此交流思想和情感，通过此种方式他们有可能会获得更多的知识。‎ ‎②I've offered to paint the kitchen in_exchange_for a week's accommodation.‎ 我提出粉刷厨房以交换一周的免费食宿。‎ ‎3．afford vt.买得起；有能力支付；承担得起(后果)；提供；给予 ‎[教材原句]　The price of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there.‎ 房子的价格涨了上去，本地区的人在那儿都买不起房子了。‎ ‎(1)afford to do sth.　　　 负担得起做某事(的费用)‎ afford sb. sth. ＝afford sth. to sb.　 提供给某人某物 ‎(2)affordable adj. 能支付得起的 ‎①Having spent nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to_stay (stay) at a hotel.‎ 我们几乎把钱都花完了，承担不起住旅馆的费用。‎ ‎②Television and the Internet afford many people much pleasure.‎ ‎→Television and the Internet afford much pleasure to many people.‎ 电视和网络给许多人带来很大的乐趣。‎ ‎③Small apartments are the only affordable (afford) housing option in the city.‎ 在城市里，小公寓是唯一负担得起的住房选择。‎ ‎[名师指津]　afford意为“买得起，负担得起”时，常与can, could, be able to以及其否定形式连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。‎ ‎4．survive vi.死里逃生；大难不死vt.从……中逃生；比……‎ 活(或存在)的时间长 ‎[教材原句]　All these things mean that many villages in western Europe are fighting to survive.‎ 所有这些都意味着许多西欧的村民们为了生存在艰难地奋斗着。‎ survive sb.　　 比某人活的时间长 survive sth. (经历意外、战争、疾病等后)幸存，活下来 survive on 靠……生存下来 ‎①Having_survived (survive) that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right.‎ 那天晚上有惊无险，我们相信其他方面也会没问题的。‎ ‎②Many of the country's thirty million people survive on one dollar a day.‎ 在这个有着3 000万人口的国家中，许多人每天只靠1美元生活。‎ ‎[名师指津]　survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故、战争等中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不加介词from。‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The manager says he really can't afford to_wait (wait) another day, because he is very busy.‎ ‎2．One should not be bothered about/with one's personal gains or losses.‎ ‎3．Of the six people in the plane that crashed only one survived (survive)．‎ ‎4．With the Spring Festival approaching (approach), a good many rural workers began to return home.‎ ‎5．Give the names of two people who can be contacted (contact) in an emergency.‎ ‎6．At the end of the game, players traditionally exchange shirts with each other.‎ ‎7．I was fortunate (fortune) to catch today's last bus to the county at the last minute.‎ ‎8．The government is hoping to open up new areas of industry to provide employment (employ)．‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Sounded sweet, the song is very popular with young people.Sounded→Sounding ‎2．Those who survived from the earthquake gathered together in memory of their lost friends.去掉from ‎3．Fortunate, people are beginning to realize how serious the situation is. Fortunate→Fortunately ‎4．They are said to have developed a new approach of teaching,‎ ‎ which is said to improve classroom teaching greatly.of→to ‎5．Almost 50% of those surveying said that they supported the President's decision.surveying→surveyed Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/一句多译)‎ ‎1．我们学生应该经常和父母交换意见，他们经验丰富，而且最重要的是，他们是这个世界上最爱我们的人。‎ We students should often exchange_ideas_with_our_parents,_who are rich in experience, and above all, love us most in the world.‎ ‎2．——你毕业后和我们的同学还保持联系吗？‎ ‎——我与他们中的大多数都失去了联系。‎ ‎—Have you kept_in_contact_with our classmates after graduation?‎ ‎—I have lost_touch_with most of them.‎ ‎3．这项计划为年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。‎ ‎①The programme affords_young_people_a_chance_to_gain work experience.(afford sb. sth.)‎ ‎②The programme affords_a_chance_to_young_people_to_gain work experience.(afford sth. to sb.)‎ ‎③The programme provides_young_people_with_a_chance_to_gain work experience.(provide sb. with sth.)‎ ‎④The programme provides_a_chance_for_young_people_to_gain work experience.(provide sth. for sb.)‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．put up修建；举起；张贴；(为……)提供食宿；提高(价钱) ‎ ‎[教材原句]　They've put up a lot of highrise buildings recently.‎ 最近他们修建了许多摩天大厦。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中put up的含义 ‎①The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon.张贴 ‎②Those who know the answer to the question, please put up your hands.举起 ‎③Most big stores admit they daren't put prices up for fear of losing their customers.提高 ‎④They agreed to put two foreign students up over the summer.(为……)提供食宿 put away　　　　　　 积蓄；把……收拾起来 put forward 提出；将……提前 put down 记下；写下；放下 put on 穿上；戴上；表演 put off 推迟；取消 put out 扑灭(火)；摆好；生产；出版 put up with 忍受；忍耐；受苦 ‎⑤Please put these clothes away before you leave home.‎ 离开家之前把这些衣服收好。‎ ‎2．get away from摆脱；离开；逃脱 ‎[教材原句]　I love cities, but there are times when I need to get out into the countryside and get away from the noise, the dirt and the people.‎ 我热爱城市，但是有时我需要走出城市，走进乡村，远离喧嚣、肮脏和人群。‎ get away　　　　　 走开；逃离；外出度假 get away with sth. 做(错事)而未被发觉/未受惩罚 get over 克服；从(病或损失等)中恢复过来 get through 通过；完成；接通(电话)‎ ‎①Watch Frank — he'll cheat if he thinks he can get_away_with it.‎ 看着弗兰克——他逮到机会就会作弊。‎ ‎②This proves that as long as we have a strong will, we'll be able ‎ to get over any difficulty.(2014·山东高考满分作文)‎ 这证明只要我们意志坚强，就能够克服任何困难。‎ ‎③As we all know, our friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get through difficult situations.(2014·重庆高考满分作文)‎ 众所周知，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手帮我们渡过难关。‎ ‎3．It's_been_six_years_since we last saw each other, you know.‎ 你知道，自从我们上次见面到现在已经有六年了。‎ 此结构为“It be＋一段时间＋since ...”句型，意为“自从……已有多长时间了”。主句中若be为is/has been时， since从句用一般过去时；若be为was时，则since从句用过去完成时。‎ ‎①He said it was ten years since he had_come (come) here.‎ 他说他来这里已经十年了。‎ ‎②It is already three months since he worked (work) in this company, and now he still can't find a job.‎ 自从他离开这家公司已经有三个月了，到现在还没有找到一份工作。‎ ‎[名师指津]　since引导的从句中的动词如果用非延续性动词，表示“自从……多长时间了”；若since引导的从句中的动词为延续性动词，则表示“自从该动作或状态的完成或结束以来已有多长时间了”。‎ ‎(1)It＋be＋时间段＋before从句(若before从句为一般现在时，主句中be为一般将来时；若before从句为一般过去时，主句中be为一般过去时)，表示“多久之后才……”‎ ‎(2)It＋be＋时间点＋when时间状语从句表示“做某事是在某时”‎ ‎(3)It＋be＋介词＋时间点/时间段＋that ...，为强调句型 ‎③It will be another week before we meet again.‎ 再过一周我们才能见面。‎ ‎④It was 11 o'clock when he came back last night.‎ 他是昨晚十一点回来的。‎ ‎⑤It was at 11 o'clock that he came back last night.‎ 他昨晚回来的时候是十一点。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.put短语填空 ‎1．A notice was put_up in order to remind students of the changed lecture time.‎ ‎2．When I put it on,_I could feel the warmth from my mother.‎ ‎3．Don't put_off until tomorrow what can be done today.‎ ‎4．Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can put_down almost every word her teacher says.‎ ‎5．To make space in the bedroom, she put_away her winter ‎ clothes and took them to the storeroom. ‎ ‎6．(2016·天津高考单选)The manager put_forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ Ⅱ.get短语填空 ‎1．The policeman can't have the thief getting_away_with stealing people's money.‎ ‎2．Unless the girl can get_over her shyness, she'll never pass the interview.‎ ‎3．Luckily, he got_through the exam and his efforts paid off.‎ ‎4．It's nice to get_away_from the traffic jam into the natural beauty of the countryside.‎ Ⅲ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It has been three years since I published (publish) my first book.‎ ‎2．It will be some time before we know the full results.‎ ‎3．Tom said it was five years since he had_moved (move) to Canada.‎ ‎4．It was already midnight when I returned home from my office last night.‎ ‎5．It is usually at 5：30p.m. that the class is over and the students begin to have sports.‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 neighbourhood, unemployed, organisation, fortunate, afford, make it, so far, get away from ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①到目前为止，小王和我们社区的其他几个人一样，已经失业很久了。‎ So_far Xiao Wang, as well as a few other people in our neighbourhood,_has been unemployed for a long time.‎ ‎②在一些社会组织的帮助下，他重新找到了工作。‎ With the help of some social organisations,_he has found a new job.‎ ‎③他感到很幸运能够再就业，从困境中摆脱出来。‎ He feels fortunate to be on work again and get_away_from difficult times.‎ ‎④他希望能像其他人一样买得起自己的房子。‎ He hopes to afford to buy his own house like other people.‎ ‎⑤他相信只要努力工作就能做得到。‎ He believes that as long as he works hard, he can make_it.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用“It be＋时间段＋since ...”句型改写句①‎ It_has_been_a_long_time_since_Xiao_Wang,_as_well_as_a_few ‎_other_people_in_our_neighbourhood,_became_unemployed.‎ ‎(2)用with复合结构改写句②‎ With_some_social_organisations_helping_him,_he_has_found_a_new_job.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：and)‎ It has been a long time since Xiao Wang, as well as a few other people in our neighbourhood, became unemployed. With some social organisations helping him, he has found a new job. He feels fortunate to be on work again and get away from difficult times. He hopes to afford to buy his own house like other people. And he believes that as long as he works hard, he can make it.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——that引导的表语从句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 Another problem is that it is becoming more and more difficult for farmers to make money from their farms.‎ that引导的表语从句。‎ 一个(原因)是这些本能在很小的年龄就会出现，那时父母还未开始训练他们的孩子进行社会化交往。‎ 真题长难句 One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children ‎ that引导的表语从句。‎ to behave socially. (2016·江苏高考阅读理解B)‎ ‎“历史与地理”是高中新课程标准24个话题之一，也是高考常考的一个热点话题。该话题包括常见的中国和外国历史和地理知识，历史人物和历史事件以及与历史有关的政治、经济、宗教等子话题。而社会调查又是了解历史和地理知识的一个较好的途径。学生学习和了解一定的历史和地理知识，不仅能让学生从历史人物身上和历史事件中得到启发，还能提高他们的历史底蕴和文化修养，有利于学生的身心健康成长。此话题多在阅读理解、书面表达题型中考查。‎ 一、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2015·全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)‎ ‎[1]The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C (维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part — particularly to my taste, dulled by months of coldweather root ‎ vegetables — was a 7 a．m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call.‎ ‎[2] The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 a．m. to 1 p．m., rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries; the redpainted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.‎ ‎[3] Disappointed by many a broken, vineripened (蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal — and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.‎ ‎[4] Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where — luckily for me — I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.‎ ‎1．What did the author think of her winter life in New York?‎ A．Exciting.　　　　　　　　 B．Boring.‎ C．Relaxing. D．Annoying.‎ ‎2．What made the author's getting up early worthwhile?‎ A．Having a swim.‎ B．Breathing in fresh air.‎ C．Walking in the morning sun.‎ D．Visiting a local farmers' market.‎ ‎3．What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?‎ A．They are soft. B．They look nice.‎ C．They taste great. D．They are juicy.‎ ‎4．What was the author going to do that evening?‎ A．Go to a farm. B．Check into a hotel.‎ C．Eat in a restaurant. D．Buy fresh vegetables.‎ ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 篇章解读 第1段 第1段画波浪线部分 事件原因 这是一篇记叙文，按时间顺序叙述了作者离开居住的寒冷的东北地区到温暖的佛罗里达州的萨拉索塔度假，度过了一个非常难忘的周末的故事。‎ 第2段 第2段画波浪线部分 充满诱惑的市场　‎ 第3段 第3段画波浪线部分 良莠西红柿 第4段 第4段画波浪线部分 对西红柿情有独钟 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 ‎[自主翻译]　这些都是货真价实的瓜果蔬菜——就在那一刻，我意识到萨拉索塔的冬天最美妙之处在于可以吃到在纽约家中几个月都不会品尝到的新鲜的瓜果蔬菜。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　尽管看到这些西红柿我很兴奋，但是当我得知Brown's_Grove_Farm是Jack_Dusty(一家在the_Sarasota_Ritz_‎ Carlton新开的餐馆)的供应商之一时，我的幸福指数暴增，因为我很幸运地在当天晚上要到那里去就餐。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎1．推理判断题。选B　根据第一段中的句子“The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter”和“dulled by months of coldweather root vegetables”等信息可知，纽约冬天的生活是令人感到厌烦、枯燥和单调的。A、C、D三项为“与事实相反”型错误。‎ ‎2．细节理解题。选D　根据第一段最后一句“the best part ...was a 7 a．m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call”和第二段的内容可知，作者参观萨拉索塔农贸市场是完全值得早晨七点被人打电话叫醒的。A、B、C三项为“无中生有”型错误。‎ ‎3．细节理解题。选B　根据第三段中的“No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.”可知，冬天纽约的番茄尽管在商场显得非常好看，可一买回家就变得又干又硬，毫无味道，故选择B项。‎ ‎4．细节理解题。选C　根据第四段的句子“...I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.”可知，作者当晚要去the Sarasota Ritz Carlton地区刚开的一家饭店Jack Dusty去吃番茄宴。A、B、D三项为“无中生有”型错误。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法2]　找准信息句，分析归纳细节：巧解间接信息细节理解题 间接信息细节理解题，介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间。四个选项中不出现原文中的直接信息，考生需要借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行变换，然后再进一步推理或鉴别。‎ 间接信息细节理解题的正确选项通常有以下特征：再现原文信息；对原文信息进行改写；对原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化。解题时可适当采用下列方法：‎ ‎1．题干定位 ‎ 细心审题，带着问题找答案。先看文章后面的问题，注意题干中的关键词，如人物、时间和事件等，做到有的放矢。根据题干中的标志性词语在原文中定位相关信息，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，找到与原文相符的选项，以确定正确答案。‎ ‎2．语义转换 ‎ 变通理解，间接转述找答案。有些细节理解题主要考查对某句话或某几句话的理解，很少直接用原文中的句子进行考查，题干通常会对这些句子进行语义转换，包括同义转换、概念解析等。‎ ‎3．查读分析 ‎ 多点归纳，综合事实找答案。此方法适用于离散型细节理解题或数字运算题。‎ 例如上文第2题，根据题干关键信息词“worthwhile”可以定位到第一段的最后一句。由“the best part ... was a 7 a．m. adventure to the ‎ Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call”可知，作者认为，早起去参观萨拉索塔农贸市场很值得，因此选D项。答案项与原文为同义转换。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．freezing adj.　　　　　冰冻的；严寒的 ‎ ‎2．terribly adv. 非常；非常地；很厉害地 ‎ ‎3．pack vt. 包装；压紧；捆扎 ‎ ‎4．gratefulness n. 感激，感恩 ‎ ‎5．attractive adj. 吸引人的；有魅力的 ‎6．leave for 出发去…… ‎ ‎7．think of 记起；想起；考虑；想象 ‎ ‎8．more than 多于；超出；比……多 ‎ ‎9．full of 充满着……‎ 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2016·10月浙江高考)‎ 假定你是李华。下学期你将作为交换生(exchange student)去加拿大一所高中学习，住在Lynn家里。请给Lynn写一封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1．介绍自己；‎ ‎2．告知到达时间；‎ ‎3．询问应做何准备。‎ 注意：1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．和……住在一起　　　　stay_with ‎2．当地的；本地的 local ‎3．到达 get_to ‎4．忠告；建议 advice ‎5．为……做准备 prepare_for 第二步：列全要点、写对句子保基本分 ‎1．我是李华，是来自中国的一名交换生。‎ I'm Li Hua, an_exchange_student_from_China.‎ ‎2．我很高兴知道接下来几个月里我将和你的家人住在一起。‎ I'm happy to know that I'll stay_with_your_family in the next few months.‎ ‎3．我将在当地的一所高中学习。‎ I'll study at the_local_high_school.‎ ‎4．我将在8月20号到达多伦多，并在当天下午晚些时候到达你们住的地方。‎ I'll arrive in Toronto on August 20th and get_to_your_place late that afternoon.‎ ‎5．我想知道你能否给我提一些建议。‎ I wonder if you could give_me_some_advice.‎ ‎6．我可以为住在加拿大做好准备。‎ I can get_myself_better_prepared_for my stay in Canada.‎ 第三步：句式升级、打造亮点得高分 ‎1．用while引导的时间状语从句合并句2和句3‎ I'm_happy_to_know_that_I'll_stay_with_your_family_in_the_next_few_months_while_I'm_studying_at_the_local_high_school.‎ ‎2．用so that连接句5和句6‎ I_wonder_if_you_could_give_me_some_advice_so_that_I_can_get_myself_better_prepared_for_my_stay_in_Canada.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接、润色成文创满分 Dear_Lynn，‎ I'm_Li_Hua,_an_exchange_student_from_China._I'm_happy_to_know_that_I'll_stay_with_your_family_in_the_next_few_months_while_I'm_studying_at_the_local_high_school._Thank_you_for_having_me!_I'll_arrive_in_Toronto_on_August_20th_and_get_to_your_place_late_that_afternoon._I_wonder_if_you_could_give_me_some_‎ advice_so_that_I_can_get_myself_better_prepared_for_my_stay_in_Canada.‎ Looking_forward_to_seeing_you!‎ ‎ Best_wishes，‎ Li_Hua Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It is not always a good thing to praise children because “empty” words may make them unhappy. Words such as “well done” may make them doubt their own abilities, a leading psychologist Stephen Grosz has warned. He says that words such as “you're so clever” or “you're such an artist” could also hinder (妨碍) their future development at school. He says that such empty praise causes children to be unhappy as they may say they can't live up to these expectations.‎ Instead he advises parents and teachers to praise children less frequently and use words like “trying really hard”. Mr. Grosz said, “Empty praise is as bad as thoughtless criticism. People often pay no attention to children's feelings and thoughts.” He also mentions research showing that children who are heavily praised probably perform worse at school.‎ Some psychologists from Columbia University asked 128 pupils aged 10 and 11 to work out a number of math problems. Afterwards, ‎ some were told, “You did really well — you're so clever.” But he researchers told the other group, “You did really well — you must have tried really hard.” Both groups of children were then given more difficult questions and those who had been told they were clever did not do as well as the others.‎ He says that when collecting his daughter from a school near their home in North London, he heard a teacher tell her, “You have drawn the most beautiful tree. Well done.” Later, after she had done another drawing, the same teacher said, “Wow, you are really an artist.” In his book, Mr. Grosz writes, “How could I explain to the teacher that I would prefer it if she did not praise my daughter？”‎ As a parent of two children, I strongly agree with Mr. Grosz. I praise them when praising is proven right. I want them to know if I praise them, they have done something beyond my expectation, beyond what they are able to do.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。对孩子进行过多的表扬会给他们带来不利影响。‎ ‎1．Which of the following praise does Mr. Grosz like most?‎ A．You are so clever!‎ B．Well done, darling!‎ C．You are such an artist!‎ D．You must have tried hard!‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“he advises ... use ‎ words like ‘trying really hard’”可知，D项符合题意。‎ ‎2．The example of 128 pupils is given to show ________.‎ A．teaching children is a difficult job B．children's growing interest in math C．the disadvantage of praising children strongly D．children are becoming cleverer and cleverer 解析：选C　写作意图题。第二段最后一句“He also mentions research showing that children who are heavily praised probably perform worse at school.”是提示。‎ ‎3．Hearing what that teacher said, Mr. Grosz ________.‎ A．realized the importance of praise B．was very proud of her daughter C．didn't know how to thank her D．was not really satisfied 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In his book, Mr. Grosz writes, ‘How could I explain to the teacher that I would prefer it if she did not praise my daughter？’”可知，对于老师表扬孩子的那些话，他不是很满意，故选D。‎ ‎4．What does the author mainly tell us in the text?‎ A．Too much praise can sometimes hurt children.‎ B．Praise makes good men better and bad men worse.‎ C．Parents should spend more time with their children.‎ D．Many children can't live up to their parents' expectations.‎ 解析：选A　主旨大意题。作者通过本文旨在说明对孩子进行过多的表扬会给他们带来不利影响，故选A。‎ B The popular TV program Readers has prompted more people in China to practice reading aloud in booths (小间) set up in big cities across the country.‎ As the latest TV show to help people's love for literature recover, the CCTV program Readers invites people from all walks of life to read aloud their favorite poems, essays and books, or even personal letters they wrote to their loved ones.Just as the weekly show has been wellreceived, its reading booths, equipped with professional recording devices and cameras, have become instant hits.‎ A crowd of more than 200 people were pictured lining up outside the Shanghai Library at 11 am on March 4 — the first day of the booth's opening to the public in Shanghai.The deadline for registrations was brought forward to 2 pm instead of the scheduled 5：30 pm, as the number of waiting readers continued to grow.Some waited more than nine hours for a tryout in the booth, according to library management.‎ ‎“There is an old photo in the late 1970s capturing people lining ‎ up outside the Shanghai Library before it opens.If that was a spring of reading in Shanghai, now I think another spring has arrived again，” library manager Zhou Deming, told The Paper.‎ The reading booth is the only one of its kind in the city of economic center at the moment, but more are expected to be put into use in the coming months, according to the library's website.‎ The program has also led to booths in other cities including Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Xi'an to appeal to more people to read and share their life stories.‎ With the recent boom of culturethemed TV shows such as Readers and Chinese Poetry Congress, some are optimistic that this will help the country love literature and reading again in general.‎ 语篇解读：随着CCTV的《朗读者》节目受到人们的欢迎，全国范围开始刮起了“读书风”。各大城市纷纷建立“朗读亭”，人们阅读的热情也越来越高。‎ ‎5．The CCTV program Readers aims to ________.‎ A．teach people what to read B．attract people's attention to CCTV C．invite people to read aloud in the booth D．arouse people's enthusiasm for reading 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“As the latest TV show ...loved ones.”可知，《朗读者》旨在帮助人们重燃对文学及阅读的热情，故D项正确。‎ ‎6．We can learn from Paragraph 3 that ________.‎ A．some people waited for a long time to read in the booth B．March 4 was the first day of the opening of Shanghai Library C．on March 4, 200 people read in the booth D．the time for registrations was lengthened for three and a half hours 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Some waited more than nine hours for a tryout in the booth, according to library management.”可知，有些人为了能在“朗读亭”里朗读，等了九个多小时。故A项正确。‎ ‎7．The passage mainly tells that ________.‎ A．many people line up to read aloud in reading booths B．more reading booths will be set up in the future C．Readers has become popular all over China D．Readers has inspired more people to read aloud in reading booths 解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了随着电视节目《朗读者》的流行，“朗读亭”也逐渐兴起，人们的阅读热情得到了极大的激发，故D项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 When winter comes, it is very cold and people are thinking of ‎ ways to stay warm and safe. In fact, here is a simple way to remember four basic steps to stay warm. Think of COLD.‎ The letter C stands for cover. __1__ Wear a hat and a coat to keep heat from escaping through the head, neck and ears. And wear good gloves to keep your hands warm. Fingers can be easily hurt in the freezing weather.‎ The O stands for overexertion (用力过度). Avoid activities that will make you sweaty. Wet clothes and cold weather are a dangerous combination. __2__ But after the game, you should put on your clothes or change your wet clothes as soon as possible or you may catch a cold. ‎ L is for layers (层). Wearing loose, light clothes, one layer on top of another, is better than wearing a single heavy layer of clothing. Make sure outerwear is made of material that is waterfree and tightly knitted (织). __3__‎ D is for dry. In other words, stay as dry as possible. __4__ These places include the tops of boots and the necks of coats.‎ And here are two other things to keep in mind — one for children and the other for adults. __5__ Drinking alcohol might make a person feel warm, but what it really does is weaken the body's ability to hold heat.‎ A．This material can make your outwear warmer.‎ B．The person may suffer a lot if he can't receive help.‎ C．When you play the game, you don't wear many clothes.‎ D．It mainly happens on your hands, feet, nose and ears.‎ E．It means you should cover your body in the cold weather.‎ F．Pay attention to the places where snow can enter clothing.‎ G．Playing with snow might be fun but it lowers the body temperature.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了在冬天几种保暖的方法。‎ ‎1．选E　根据上文“The letter C stands for cover.”可知，E项“这就意味着在寒冷的天气里要把自己包裹起来”与上文衔接紧密，符合逻辑，故选E。‎ ‎2．选C　根据下文“But after the game, you should put on your clothes ...”可知，C项“当你们做运动的时候，你们不会穿很多衣服”衔接下文，符合逻辑，故选C。‎ ‎3．选A　根据上文“Make sure outerwear is made of material that is waterfree and tightly knitted(织)．”可知，A项“这种材料可以让你的外套更暖和”衔接上文，符合逻辑，故选A。‎ ‎4．选F　根据下文“These places include the tops of boots and the necks of coats.”可知，F项中的“the places”与“These places”相呼应，故选F。‎ ‎5．选G　根据上文“And here are two other things to keep in mind — one for children and the other for adults.”可知，G项“玩雪很有趣但是它会降低人的体温”是给孩子的忠告，空格后一句是给大人的建议，符合逻辑，故选G。‎