2020届外研版高考英语新一轮复习选修6学案：Module6WarandPeace 19页

Module 6 War and Peace 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1．commander n．　　　指挥官 ‎2．memorial n. 纪念碑；纪念馆 ‎3．afterwards adv. 后来 ‎4．station n. 根据地，驻扎地，基地 ‎5．chain n. 链条，铁链 ‎6．chaos n. 混乱，无秩序 ‎7．senseless adj. 无意义的，欠思考的 ‎8．memorable adj. 难忘的，特别的，值得回忆的 ‎9．baggage n. (军队的)行装，行李 ‎10．confidential adj. 机密的，秘密的 ‎11．scissors n. 剪刀 ‎12．shave v．&n. 刮胡子 ‎13．yell v. 大叫，呼喊 ‎14．unload v. 卸下 ‎15．cheers int. (用于祝酒)祝你健康！‎ ‎16．liberation n. 解放 ‎17.constitution n．　　宪法 ‎18．statesman n. 政治家 ‎19．personnel n. 全体人员 ‎20．civilian n. 平民；文职人员 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1．drown v. 淹死，使溺死 ‎2．last v. 持续 ‎3．eventually adv. 最后，最终 ‎4．overlook v. 俯视，往下看 ‎5．condemn v. 责难；谴责 ‎6．rescue v. 营救，拯救 ‎7．drop v. 扔下，投下 ‎8．campaign n. 作战行动，军事行动 ‎9．view n. 观点 ‎10．sacrifice n. 牺牲 ‎11．arm v. 装备，武装 ‎12．despite prep. 不管，不顾 Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1．abandon v．放弃，抛弃，遗弃→abandoned adj.被放弃的，被遗弃的 ‎2．operation n．行动；手术→operate v．操作；动手术 ‎ ‎3．survivor n．幸存者→survive v．幸存下来，幸免于难→survival n．幸存 ‎4．occupy v．占领，占据→occupation n．占领；职业→occupied adj.被占领的，忙于 ‎5．deep adj.深的→deeply adv.深深地，深刻地→depth n．深度 ‎6．wound v．使受伤→wounded adj.受伤的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．We were shocked at the shocking news that he died yesterday.(shock)‎ ‎2．The UN rescue operation started shortly after dawn.My job was to operate the artillery.(operate) ‎ ‎3．One winter morning we came across an abandoned puppy (小狗) on the street.I wondered who it was that abandoned such a cute puppy.(abandon)‎ ‎7．shocked adj.(感到)震惊的，惊骇的→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shock v．使震惊 n．震惊，吃惊 ‎8．nationality n．国籍→national adj.国家的，全国的→nation n．国家 ‎9．courage n．勇气，胆量→encourage vt.鼓励，鼓舞→encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞→discourage vt.使泄气 ‎10．mess n．混乱的局面→messy adj.混乱的；棘手的 ‎11．worthwhile adj.值得做的，有价值的，有用的→worth adj.值……钱；值得……的→worthy adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的 ‎12．disagreement n．争论，矛盾，意见不合→disagree v．不同意 ‎4．Britain is a developed nation and its national flower is rose.Many people dream of having British nationality.(nation)‎ ‎5．In the match, all my classmates encouraged me to try hard, and their encouragement gave me more confidence and courage.(courage)‎ ‎6．His occupation is teaching, and he is fully occupied in teaching his students.He always thinks about the work, and how to teach the students well occupies his mind.(occupy)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.declare_war_on　　　向……宣战 ‎2．make_a_breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展)‎ ‎3．pick_up 停下来让某人搭车(船等)；救起 ‎4．be_situated_on/at 位于，坐落在 ‎ ‎5．be_involved_in 卷入，涉及 ‎6．to_one's_astonishment 令某人惊讶的是 ‎7．drink_to 为……干杯，祝酒 ‎8．draw_attention_to 引起对……的注意 ‎1.Scientists have made_a_breakthrough in their treatment of that disease.‎ ‎2．Now, let's drink_to the further development of your business.‎ ‎3．He was_involved_in a serious car accident as a result of drunk driving.‎ ‎4．To_my_astonishment,_they should have finished that task in such a short time.‎ ‎5．The people in the mountainous areas have declared_war_on poverty.‎ ‎6．The purpose of the article was to draw_attention_to the problems faced by single parents.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats.‎ 这次登陆行动异常危险，很多士兵还没来得及下船就牺牲了。‎ before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及……就……”。‎ 归还我丢失钱包的那对年轻夫妇，我还没来得及问他们的名字，他们就已经离开了。‎ The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left before_I_could_ask_for_their_names.‎ ‎2.The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.‎ 死里逃生的战士躺在海滩上，疲惫不堪，心有余悸。‎ 形容词短语作状语。‎ 干了一天的重活后，那位老工人回到家，又累又饿。‎ After a whole day's heavy work, the old worker returned home, tired_and_hungry.‎ ‎3.The cemetery and memorial are situated on a cliff overlooking the beach and the English Channel, from where the boats attempted their landings.‎ 墓地和纪念碑坐落在一处悬崖之上，从那里可以俯瞰海滩和英吉利海峡，当时一艘艘船只就试图从那里登陆。‎ ‎“from＋关系副词”引导的定语从句。‎ 他躲在门后面，从那里他看见那个人给桌子上的什么东西拍了一张照片。‎ He hid himself behind the door, from_where he saw the man take a photo of something on the table.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　二、课堂重点深化　‎ ‎1．occupy v．占领；占据；担任 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It is good manners not to disturb others when they are occupied (occupy) with their work.　‎ ‎②May I have your address, telephone number, age and occupation (occupy), please?‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.　　从事于……，忙于…… ‎ ‎(2)occupied adj. 被占用的；在使用的；忙于 be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 从事于……，忙于…… ‎ ‎(3)occupation n. 职业；占领 by occupation 职业上 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎③He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied himself in a very important experiment.in→with 佳句时时写(句式升级)‎ ‎④I'm busy preparing for the coming examination, so I have no time for relaxation.‎ ‎→Occupied_in/Occupying_myself_in preparing for the coming examination, I have no time for relaxation.(occupy分词短语作状语)‎ ‎2．rescue v．& n．营救，拯救，救援 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The fireman rescued three children from the burning building.‎ ‎②It was you who made a rescue in time, which gave us a second life.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ rescue sb./sth.from 　从……中救出某人/某物 go/come to sb.'s rescue＝go/come to the rescue of sb. 进行援救，营救某人 make a rescue 实施救援 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎③The trapped coal miners had to live on water for a week before they rescued.rescued前加were 佳句时时写 ‎④要不是那个年轻人相救，那个落水的孩子早就没命了。‎ The child who fell into the river would have died if the young man hadn't gone/come_to_his_rescue.‎ ‎3．sacrifice n．牺牲；祭品 v．牺牲 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 一句多译 这个年轻人为了救火中的孩子牺牲了自己的生命。‎ ‎①The young man sacrificed_his_life_to_save the child from the fire.(sacrifice v．)‎ ‎②The young man saved the child from the fire at_the_sacrifice_of_his_life.(sacrifice n．)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)make sacrifices for　　　　　 为……做出牺牲 at the sacrifice of 以牺牲……为代价 ‎(2)sacrifice ...for ... 为……而牺牲……‎ sacrifice ...to do sth. 牺牲……做某事 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎③They did not expect their children to make sacrifice for them later.sacrifice→sacrifices 佳句时时写 ‎④我倾向于为了团队利益而牺牲自己的利益。‎ I tend to sacrifice_my_own_interest_for_the_group_benefit.‎ ‎4．despite 不管，不顾；尽管 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.‎ ‎②He serves the public wholeheartedly, regardless of his personal gain or loss.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)in spite of＝despite　　　　　 尽管 despite/in spite of the fact that 尽管事实如此 ‎(2)regardless of 不理会，不顾 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎③Our school is very beautiful despite of the fact that it is very small.去掉of 佳句时时写 ‎④尽管有了公路和高速路的大规模(largescale)建设，仍然有很多改进的空间，因为这些年汽车数量在不断增长。‎ Despite/In_spite_of_the_largescale_construction_of_roads_and_highways,_there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.‎ ‎1．to one's astonishment令某人惊讶的是 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Lindsey's husband was totally astonished by/at the unexpected visit.‎ ‎②(2016·6月浙江高考)What brought about this astonishing (astonish) change in me?‎ ‎③She stared at the result of the experiment in astonishment.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)in astonishment　　　　　　 惊讶地，惊奇地 ‎(2)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的，吃惊的 be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 be astonished at/by sth. 对某事感到惊讶 ‎(3)astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④The astonishing look on his face suggested he didn't expect to be asked such a question.astonishing→astonished 佳句时时写 ‎⑤令我们大为惊讶的是，在事故中他逃过一劫而未受伤。‎ To_our_great_astonishment/Much_to_our_astonishment,_he escaped being hurt in the accident.‎ ‎2．before引导时间状语从句 ‎　[教材原句]　The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before_they_even_got_off_the_boats. ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①(2015·重庆高考)If you miss this chance, it may be years before_you_get_another_one.‎ 如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。‎ ‎②He took time to answer our questions.It was fully a minute before_he_spoke.‎ 他没有急于回答我们的问题，整整过了一分钟他才讲话。‎ ‎③John thinks it_won't_be_long_before he is ready for his new job.‎ 约翰认为不久之后他就会为他的新工作做好准备。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 ‎(1)在“It＋be＋时间段＋before 从句”中，before意为“……之后才……”。若before从句时态为一般现在时，则主句用一般将来时；若before从句时态为一般过去时，则主句用一般过去时。‎ ‎(2)在“It＋be＋否定形式＋long＋before从句”中，before意为“……不久就……”。‎ 注意事项 before的基本含义是“在……之前”，又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“还未……就……；不到……就……；还没来得及……就……”等。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(精彩开头句)Three months have passed before we knew it.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but he hung up before I could answer the phone.‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“重大政治、历史事件”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 子话题——重大政治、历史事件 ‎(一)浅易词汇温一温 ‎①politics　②history　③historical④war ‎⑤peace ⑥incident ⑦victory ⑧defeat ‎⑨attack ⑩sacrifice ⑪struggle ⑫period ‎(二)生疏词汇记一记 ‎①aggression n．侵略　②invade v．入侵 ‎③battle n. 战斗；战役 ④conflict n. 冲突 ‎⑤weapon n. 武器 ⑥explode vi. 爆炸 ‎⑦disaster n. 灾难 ⑧misery/hardship n. 苦难 ‎⑨homeless adj. 无家可归的 ⑩witness v. 见证 ‎⑪independence n. 独立 ⑫celebrate v. 庆祝 ‎⑬significant adj. 意义重大的 ⑭forefather n. 祖先 ‎⑮guilty adj. 内疚的 ⑯reasonable adj. 合理的 ‎⑰peaceloving adj. 爱好和平的 ⑱unite v．联合，团结 ‎(三)常用词块忆一忆 ‎①be at war　 　　处于交战状态 ‎ ‎②break out　　 爆发 ‎③be set as 被设为 ‎ ‎④in peace 和平 ‎⑤build up 建造 ‎ ‎⑥world peace 世界和平 ‎⑦Chinese history 中国历史 ‎ ‎⑧deal with 处理 ‎⑨be supposed to 应该 ‎ ‎⑩fight against 反抗 ‎⑪sentence to death 判处死刑 ‎ ‎⑫set free 释放 ‎⑬settle down 定居 ‎ ‎⑭in memory of 为了纪念 ‎⑮defend ...against 防卫，抵御 ‎⑯deep in sorrow 深切的悲痛 ‎⑰of vital importance 至关重要 ‎⑱the First/Second World War 第一/二次世界大战 ‎⑲the great powers of the world 世界强国 ‎⑳make great contributions to 对……作出巨大贡献 ‎(四)写作佳句背一背①We must keep out of the war.Peace is what we desire.‎ ‎②Standing on the top of the hill is a monument, dating back to hundreds of years ago.‎ 二、话题书面表达亮一点 假定你是李华，每年的9月3日被确定为中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日。你的英国朋友Tom给你写信询问有关这个纪念日的详细情况。请根据以下要点，给他写一封回信。‎ ‎1．介绍该纪念日的由来；‎ ‎2．说明该纪念日的意义；‎ ‎3．谈谈自己的看法。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：抗日战争：the AntiJapanese War 纪念日：commemoration day ‎　　　‎ ‎[写作4步走]‎ 第一步：句写对——给词写句 celebrate, victory, significant, forefather, be set as, devote ...to ..., prepare oneself to, the great powers of the world, make contributions to　　‎ ‎1．谢谢你询问有关我们国家把9月3日作为纪念日的情况。‎ Thanks_for_asking_about_the_commemoration_day_on_September_3rd_in_our_country.‎ ‎2．我写信想告诉你关于它的一些情况。‎ I_am_writing_to_tell_you_something_about_it.‎ ‎3．9月3日被确定为纪念日，目的是为了庆祝抗日战争的胜利。‎ September_3rd_is_set_as_a_commemoration_day_to_celebrate_the_victory_of_the_AntiJapanese_War.‎ ‎4．它对我们中国人意义重大。‎ It_is_significant_for_us_Chinese.‎ ‎5．我们祖先的奋斗和牺牲拯救了中国。‎ The_struggle_and_sacrifices_of_our_forefathers_saved_China.‎ ‎6．我们应该把所有精力用到学习上为建设一个更好的中国做好准备。‎ We_should_devote_all_our_energies_to_studying_to_prepare_ourselves_to_build_a_better_China.‎ ‎7．只有这样中国才能屹立于世界强国之列并且为世界和平作出贡献。‎ China_can_stand_among_the_great_powers_of_the_world_and_make_contributions_to_world_peace_only_in_this_way.‎ 第二步：量写够——语句扩充 ‎8．在第3句后加入并列分句“并纪念在战争中牺牲的那些英勇的战士”。‎ September_3rd_is_set_as_a_commemoration_day_to_celebrate_the_victory_of_the_AntiJapanese_War_and_memorize_the_brave_soldiers_who_lost_their_lives_in_the_war.‎ ‎9．在第4句后加入“尤其对于我们年轻人来说”。‎ It_is_significant_for_us_Chinese,_especially_for_us_teenagers.‎ 第三步：语写美——词句升格 ‎1．用强调句型改写第5句。‎ It was the struggle and sacrifices of our forefathers that saved China.‎ ‎2．用only开头的倒装句改写第7句。‎ Only_in_this_way_can_China_stand_among_the_great_powers_of_the_world_and_make__contributions_to_world_peace.‎ 第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文 用now， so， in addition， and等衔接词连句成文。‎ Dear_Tom，‎ Thanks_for_asking_about_the_commemoration_day_on_September_3rd_in_our_country.Now_I_am_writing_to_tell_you_something_about_it.‎ September_3rd_is_set_as_a_commemoration_day_to_celebrate_the_victory_of_the_AntiJapanese_War_and_memorize_the_brave_soldiers_who_lost_their_lives_in_the_war.So_it_is_significant_for_us_Chinese,_especially_for_us_teenagers.It_was_the_struggle_and_sacrifices_of_our_forefathers_that_saved_China.In_addition,_we_should_devote_all_our_energies_to_studying_to_prepare_ourselves_to_build_a_better_China.And_only_in_this_way_can_China_stand_among_the_great_powers_of_the_world_and_make_contributions_to_world_peace.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos (混乱)．‎ ‎2．In my view (观点), we can share information with each other to make a better understanding.‎ ‎3．My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged (鼓励) by his compliments.‎ ‎4．The evening news comes on at seven o'clock and lasts (持续) thirty minutes.‎ ‎5．He rescued (营救) the girl regardless of his own life and set a good example for us.‎ ‎6．It is worthwhile (值得做的) to buy the reference book, which is very useful for your study.‎ ‎7．Despite (不顾) her terrible illness, she works hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.‎ ‎8．Overlooked (俯视) from the top of the mountain, the city looks more beautiful at night.‎ ‎9．Her classmates encouraged her to stick to it and eventually (最终) she received her goal.‎ ‎10．It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors (幸存者) of the plane crash.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．❶To our great astonishment, a girl became the only ❷survivor (survive) of the plane crash, and she was only slightly ❸wounded (wound)．‎ ‎2．It was the young man who sacrificed his own life ❶to_rescue (rescue) the ❷drowning (drown) boy from the river ❸before it was too late.Everyone present was ❹deeply (deep) moved by his bravery.‎ ‎3．On 1st September in 1939, Germany declared war ❶on Poland and the Second World War broke out.Many countries were involved ❷in the war.After ❸lasting (last) six years, it ended in 1945.‎ ‎4．❶Encouraged (courage) by the teacher, she was ❷occupied (occupy) with his study and was eventually admitted to a key university.❸In his view, all his efforts were ❹worthwhile (worth)．‎ Ⅲ.语境改错 文中共有7处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。‎ Despite the fact people are eager for peace, many countries are involved in the modern war.In our astonishment, some countries invade other countries regardless of the safety of people.In the war, some people sacrifice their life while others get wound.People condemn war, which draws attention of the whole world.So we should abandon to the thought of war and call for peace.It is ‎ worthwhile to devoting ourselves to world peace.‎ 答案：第一句：fact后加that 第二句：In→To 第三句：life→lives; wound→wounded 第四句：of→to 第五句：去掉to 第六句：devoting→devote Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．为了鼓励同学们进行户外锻炼，我们学校组织了一次登山活动。(encourage)‎ In_order_to_encourage_the_students_to_take_outdoor_exercise,_our school organized a mountainclimbing.‎ ‎2．空气污染越来越严重，因此我们必须采取措施，不然就太晚了。(before引导时间状语从句)‎ Air pollution is getting more and more serious, so we must take action before_it_is_too_late.‎ ‎3．尽管他很矮，但是他是一位出色的篮球运动员。(despite)‎ Despite_the_fact_that he is short, he is an excellent basketball player.‎ ‎4．我们站在山顶，从那里我们可以欣赏到整个城镇。(“介词＋关系副词”引导的定语从句)‎ We stood at the top of the hill, from_where_we_can_see_the_whole_town.‎ ‎5．我没有多少业余时间，我完全忙于我的工作。(occupy)‎ I don't have much spare time. I'm fully_occupied_with_my_work.‎ Ⅴ.短文填空 ‎ (Ⅰ)根据提示填空 Many people think Casablanca is one of the best ❶movies (movie) ever made.It was filmed in 1942, during ❷the_Second_World_War (第二次世界大战), and starred Humphrey Bogart as Rick, and Ingrid Bergman as Ilsa.The movie ❸is_set (set) in Casablanca, a place the Germans hope to take from the French.Rick owns a bar there.‎ In the movie, the German army is coming toward Casablanca.People who live there are trying ❹to_escape (escape) before they arrive.Rick has two tickets for the last plane out of Casablanca.His former lover Ilsa arrives in Casablanca with her husband Victor Laszlo.Laszlo is a ❺leader (lead) of a secret group, and his escape will help win the war against Germany.Rick decides ❻to_offer (offer) his tickets to Ilsa and Laszlo rather than use them himself.Rick really loves Ilsa, but he knows that it is more important for Laszlo to get out of Casablanca.Rick is a very tough character but he is not ❼selfish (self)．He is very kind to people who need his help.‎ The movie was filmed almost ❽entirely (entire) in the Warner Brothers studio in Hollywood, ‎ using special ❾effects (effect)．It has won several Academy Awards and is well worth ❿seeing (see)．If you've already seen it, see it again!‎ ‎ (Ⅱ)片段选词填空 guilty， reasonable， Chinese history， deal with， fight against， sentence to death， set free， support oneself， believe in， settle down ‎ There was a dynasty called Zhou in the ❶Chinese_history.One day, the king of Zhou asked his officials for advice on ❷dealing_with the prisoners of war.An official said，“If you love someone, you are supposed to love even the crows (乌鸦) on the roof of his house, and vice versa (反之亦然)．The prisoners of war are enemies ❸fighting_against us.In my opinion, we'd better kill them all.”‎ But the king didn't agree with him.“I think we should treat the prisoners of war differently by separating those who are ❹guilty from those who are not.The guilty ones will be ❺sentenced_to_death in order to avoid future disasters.”‎ Then another one said，“Your majesty, I think all the prisoners should be ❻set_free and sent back home to work in the fields and ❼support_themselves by their own labor.Moreover, you should enforce strictly the rules of reward and punishment.The people are sure to ❽believe_in you if you govern our country by morals and laws.”‎ The king thought the official's proposal was quite ❾reasonable so he accepted and followed it.As a result, the domestic (国内的) situation soon ❿settled_down and gradually the country became stronger.‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned (abandon) bricks of different ages.‎ ‎2．(2018·北京高考)Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.‎ ‎3．(2015·四川高考)One day, armed (arm) with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew (炖菜)．‎ ‎4．(2014·陕西高考)She couldn't afford the operation (operate) because her family was poor.‎ ‎5．(2011·天津高考)You can imagine how fully occupied (occupy) I became, raising four boys under the age of 8! ‎ ‎6．(2011·浙江高考)Disagreements (disagree) are natural and, in fact, debate and discussion should be_encouraged (encourage)．‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 ‎(选用shocked, occupied, eventually, rescue填空)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and, __52__， to our lives.I managed to get an A in that course and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the classroom.eventually ‎2．(2018·北京高考完形填空)He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after leaving a note behind to let the owner know it was safe.When the car's owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car — which was itself worth ￡35,000 — in Glasgow city centre，they were __23__ to find two policemen standing next to it.The policemen told them what Mr.Smith did and that the wallet was safe. shocked ‎3．(2014·安徽高考完形填空)Later I went to a café to have lunch, but all the tables were __42__.Then I heard a friendly voice saying，“You can share my table.”occupied ‎4．(2012·陕西高考完形填空)When she opened her eyes and saw her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you __44__ me, Laddy，” and she kissed him several times.Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of relief.That night Laddy had a hero's supper: a huge meal of steak.rescued 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：铭记历史不是延续仇恨，而是为了开创和平未来。以史为鉴，面向未来。对历史最大的尊重，莫过于拂去一切妄图遮蔽历史真相的灰尘，让历史之镜照亮和平之路。在当今维护世界和平的大环境下，重大政治、历史事件是人们关注的热点，建议平时多关注这方面的素材，从历史事件中汲取教训，更好地推动社会的发展。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎( 加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ ‎[1]My grandfather came from Hungary and was the only one in his family who settled down in the United States.The rest of his family remained in Europe.When World War Ⅰ broke out, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted.Such obvious change didn't appear out of concern for his welfare, but out of fear: if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be the cousin fighting against the cousin.‎ ‎[2]One day in 1918, my Uncle Milton received his draft_notice.My grandparents were very upset.But my mother, at the age of 10, felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war.Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends, my uncle bought them all service pins, which meant that they had a loved one in the services. All the little girls were delighted.‎ ‎[3]The moment came when my uncle and most of the other soldiers, without any training but ‎ all in uniforms, boarded the train.The band played and the crowd cheered.Although no one noticed, I'm sure my grandmother had a tear in her eye for the only son.The train slowly pulled out, but didn't run about a thousand yards when it suddenly paused.Everyone stared in wonder as the train slowly returned to the station.There was a dead silence before the doors opened and the men started to step out.Someone shouted, “The war is over！” For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers.The men lined up in two lines, walked down the steps, and with the band playing, marched down the street, as returning heroes to be welcomed home.My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little disappointed that it didn't last a tiny bit longer.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的姥爷是家里唯一一个移民到美国的人，一战爆发后，他担心亲人与亲人在战场上打仗，然而就在作者的舅舅和其他士兵准备出发时，战争结束了。‎ ‎1．What the grandfather was most worried about was _______.‎ A．the spread of the war B．his relatives killing each other C．a drop in his living standards D．the safety of his two cousins 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be the cousin fighting against the cousin”可推知，作者的舅舅一旦参军就可能导致亲人间的作战，因此姥爷很担忧。故选B。‎ ‎2．The underlined phrase “draft notice” in Paragraph 2 means “__________”．‎ A．note of warning　　　　 B．train ticket to Europe C．letter of rejection D．order for army service 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据下文中的“her soldier brother going off to war”可知，draft notice的含义应该是征兵令，故选D。 ‎ ‎3．Which of the following words can best describe the ending of the story?‎ A．Unexpected. B．Inspiring.‎ C．Uncertain. D．Disappointing.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，开始人们依依不舍地送自己的亲友去参军，但火车刚开出去不远就接到战争已结束的消息，所以这令人感到意外。故选A。‎ ‎4．What can we know from the passage?‎ A．The grandfather felt downhearted because he was afraid of receiving a draft notice.‎ B．The train was traveling fast to the front when the news came that the war was over.‎ C．Most people including the author's mother were disappointed that the war didn't last a bit longer.‎ D．Few soldiers on the train had training in advance.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The moment came when my uncle and most of the other soldiers, without any training but all in uniforms, boarded the train.”可知，舅舅和大多数士兵都没有接受过训练。故选D。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 细节理解技法(7)——“先读题，后读文”速解细节理解题 解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“先题后文查读法”，即先读题、后读文。先从问题中抓住关键性词语，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速定位到文章中与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。有时还需要词句进行转换、理解，将获取的信息用同义或近义的形式复述出来。‎ 例如上文第1题中的题干关键词语为“grandfather, most worried about”，根据这些词汇可定位到第一段“Such obvious change didn't appear out of concern for his welfare, but out of fear: if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be the cousin fighting against the cousin.”从而确定答案。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎(2019·长郡中学实验班选拔考试)One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future. In our __1__ we can see what has not yet happened. For example, while we are looking forward to __2__ a new place or country, we __3__ what it will be like. We predict the __4__ people will eat, dress and act. Of course, we do not always predict things __5__. Things are often very different from the way we __6__ them to be.‎ One of the __7__ dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist, Kekule, who had been __8__ to work out a very difficult problem in physics. He had __9__ and analyzed the problem from every angle for days, but there __10__ to be no way of __11__ out the answer. Then one night he went to bed and dreamed. When he __12__ up, he realized that he knew the answer. He had solved the problem in his __13__.‎ It is said that in order to figure out the process, the hypnotist (催眠师) sat in the chair opposite him and spoke __14__：“I want you to concentrate on my voice. Think about __15__. You know nothing but my voice. And as you pay attention to my voice, your __16__ will get heavier. Soon you'll be asleep.‎ You will hear my voice and __17__ my words, but your body will be asleep, your eyes are too heavy. You are __18__ asleep, and when you wake up you will __19__ nothing.‎ You will forget everything. Now I am going to __20__ slowly from one to five. One, two,‎ ‎ three, four, five ...”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过德国科学家Kekule的故事，说明了人类大脑的神奇能力。‎ ‎1．A.brains　　　　　　　 B．senses C．minds D．sights 解析：选C　根据前一句“One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future.”可知，人类思维最显著的特点之一就是有想象未来的能力；据此可知，空处指“思维”，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．A.visiting B．seeking C．reaching D．discovering 解析：选A　根据该句中的“a new place or country”可以判断，当我们期望去参观(visiting)某个新地方或新国家时，我们总是想象(imagine)那里会是什么样子。‎ ‎3．A.imagine B．know C．feel D．guess 解析：选A　参见上题解析。‎ ‎4．A.custom B．habit C．style D．way 解析：选D　根据该段最后一句中的“the way”，并结合该句“We predict the __4__ people will eat, dress and act”可知，我们总会预测(这个地方的)人们的饮食、衣着和行为方式。‎ ‎5．A.quickly B．simply C．correctly D．neatly 解析：选C　根据空处后一句“Things are often very different from the way we __6__ them to be.”可知，事物总是不同于我们预料的那样；据此可以判断，我们不是总能正确地(correctly)预测事物。‎ ‎6．A.required B．wished C．left D．expected 解析：选D　参见上题解析。expect“预料，预期”。‎ ‎7．A.funny B．dull C．famous D．silly 解析：选C　根据该句中的“dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist, Kekule”及下文可知，该处陈述的是历史上著名的梦之一是德国科学家Kekule的梦。C项意为“著名的”，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎8．A.managing B．trying C．thinking D．hoping 解析：选B　根据该句语境及下文可知，Kekule一直在努力解一道物理难题；try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，符合语境，故B项正确。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”强调结果，与语境不符。‎ ‎9．A.studied B．learned C．discussed D．searched 解析：选A　根据该句语境可知，他从多个角度研究(studied)和分析了这个难题。‎ ‎10．A.used B．ought C．seemed D．had 解析：选C　根据该句语境可知，似乎没有办法弄清答案。seem意为“似乎，好像”符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎11．A.bringing B．finding C．turning D．letting 解析：选B　参见上题解析。find out“弄清，查明”；bring out“使表现出”；turn out“结果是，证明是”；let out“突然，发出”。‎ ‎12．A.gave B．sat C．woke D．got 解析：选C　根据前一句“Then one night he went to bed and dreamed”可知，空处表示他醒来时意识到自己知道了答案。wake up为固定短语，意为“醒”，故C项正确。‎ ‎13．A.dream B．lesson C．research D．exercise 解析：选A　根据上文中的“he went to bed and dreamed. When he __12__ up, he realized that he knew the answer.”可知，他在梦(dream)中解决了这个难题。‎ ‎14．A.softly B．loudly C．slowly D．firmly 解析：选A　根据语境并结合常识可知，此处是将Kekule进行催眠，故催眠师应是柔和地(softly)说着话。‎ ‎15．A.everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 解析：选C　根据空前一句“I want you to concentrate on my voice”及下文中的“You know nothing but my voice”可知，空处应指什么都不要想。故C项正确。‎ ‎16．A.eyes B．feet C．head D．body 解析：选A　根据常识可知，被催眠师催眠时，眼睛会变得沉重。故选A项。‎ ‎17．A.believe B．repeat C．take D．understand 解析：选D　根据该句中的“You will hear my voice and __17__ my words”可知，此处指听到声音并理解听到的话。understand“理解，明白”，符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.really B．extremely C．actually D．almost 解析：选D　根据空处前一句可知，此处指你几乎(almost)要睡着了。‎ ‎19．A.accept B．remember C．hear D．receive 解析：选B　根据下文中的“You will forget everything”可知，空处指你将什么都不记得。故B项正确。‎ ‎20．A.count B．say C．add D．speak 解析：选A　根据文中的“slowly from one to five. One, two, three, four, five”可知，此处表示数数，故A项正确。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2019·太原市模拟)Silk was not the only product to be transported along the Silk Road, with finely carved jade (翡翠) and medicinal herbs also __1__ (export) from China. Like silk, trade in luxury items boomed, and many merchants found instant wealth.‎ Rather __2__ traveling the entire length of the Silk Road, each merchant traded goods along one section of the route, __3__ (buy) them in one oasis (绿洲) town and selling them in another. The travelers and merchants also __4__ (carry) many ideas, philosophies and religions with them along the Silk Road. Of all these, Buddhism, which came from India, had the greatest influence __5__ Chinese culture. It __6__ (eventual) became China's primary faith, more widespread than the original Chinese religions of Confucianism and Taoism.‎ Silk Road trades traveled together in long caravans (旅行队) of camels. This mode of travel provided __7__ (protect) from robbers who might attempt __8__ (rob) the valuable goods being transported. The Silk Road was not only one single road, but __9__ whole collection of routes by __10__ goods were transported between the East and the West.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了古代东西方交易的纽带——丝绸之路。‎ ‎1．being exported　考查非谓语动词。本句含有with复合结构，动词export和finely carved jade (翡翠) and medicinal herbs之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故应用被动形式，故填being exported。‎ ‎2．than　考查固定搭配。每个商人在丝绸之路的某一段路上交易货物，而不是走整个丝绸之路。rather than意为“而不是”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎3．buying　考查非谓语动词。本句中buy和句子主语each ‎ merchant之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作伴随状语，故填buying与selling并列。‎ ‎4．carried　考查动词时态。根据本文时态可知，本文讲述的是过去发生的事，因此本句应用一般过去时，故填carried。‎ ‎5．on　考查介词。have the greatest influence on表示“对……影响最大”，故应填介词on。‎ ‎6．eventually　考查副词。这里是说它(佛教)最终成为中国的主要信仰。本句中应用副词修饰动词became，故填eventually“最终”。‎ ‎7．protection　考查名词。动词provided后应用名词作宾语，故填protection。‎ ‎8．to rob　考查非谓语动词。attempt意为“试图，企图”，后跟不定式作宾语，故填to rob。‎ ‎9．a　考查冠词。丝绸之路不是单纯的一条路，而是一整套路线，通过这些路线货物在东西方之间运输。此处表示泛指，a whole collection of意为“一整套”，故填冠词a。‎ ‎10．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句中“by __10__ goods were transported between the East and the West”为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，空处为关系词，指代先行词a whole collection of routes，故填which。‎