2018届一轮复习北师大版必修4unit11Themedia学案(2) 15页

Book 4　　Unit 11　The Media ‎1．demand vt. & vi.要求，需要；n.要求，需要；所要求的事物 归纳拓展 ‎(1) demand to do...要求做…… demand that...要求……（从句中应用虚拟 语气，即should+动词原形，should可省略）‎ ‎（2）in demand非常需要 satisfy/meet one’s demands满足某人的需求 Driven by a greater demand for vegetables，farmers have built more greenhouses.‎ 受到对蔬菜更大需求量的驱使，农民们建了更多的暖棚。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)He demands ________________ the editors.‎ 他要求见编辑。‎ ‎(2)It is impossible to ______________________.‎ 满足你所有的要求是不可能的。 ‎ ‎(3)My demand is that the information referred to in my report________ to Mr.Brown without delay.‎ A．is emailed B．will be emailed C．be emailed D．emailed ‎2．announce v．宣布；通知 ‎________ n．通告；宣布 归纳拓展 ‎(1)In a loud and clear voice，the master of ceremonies announced that my class was next.(2010·山东，完形填空)‎ 仪式主持人用洪亮和清晰的声音宣布了我们班下一个表演。‎ ‎(2)They announced their engagement in “The Times”．‎ 他们在《泰晤士报》上宣布了订婚的消息。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)用announce的适当形式填空 Entering the classroom，our headteacher ①________ (宣布) that he had an ②________ (通告) to make. His good news was that it had been ③________ (宣布) by the school that we would have an eight days’ holiday to celebrate the National Day as well as the Midautumn Festival. He also ④________ (通告) to us that we would have to finish all the homework the teachers had given us.‎ ‎(2)Footsteps________ her return.‎ A．announced B．declared C．pronounced D．exclaim ‎3．blame v．责备；谴责；把……归咎于；n.过失；责备 归纳拓展 blame sb.for...因……而责备某人；把……归咎于某人 blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for)应承担责任；该受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)‎ accept/bear/take the blame for...对某事负责；承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把责任推到……身上 ‎(1)You’ve failed to do what you will be expected to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame ‎ you.你未能做到大家期望你做到的事情，恐怕老师会责备你的。‎ ‎(2)The other driver kept trying to put the blame on me.另一个司机竭力想把责任往我身上推。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)用blame的相关短语填空 He was ①________________ (因……被责备) the accident，but he ②________________________ (把它归咎于) others.In fact，it is he，not others，that ③________________________ (该为此承担责任) it.‎ ‎(2)________ for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.‎ A．Blaming B．Blamed C．To blame D．To be blamed4.employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)‎ ‎________ n．雇主 ‎________ n．雇员 ‎________ n．雇用 归纳拓展 employ...as...雇用某人作……/把……当作……来使用 employ oneself in (doing) sth. be employed in doing sth.从事于，忙于（做）某事 out of employment失业 But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.(2009·浙江，阅读理解E)‎ 但事实上这个大学雇用了她，让她接管DNA研究项目。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)His mother is ________________ a shop assistant.他母亲受雇于一家商店做店员。‎ ‎(2)How do you __________________________？‎ 你怎样利用你的业余时间？‎ ‎(3)He ________________________________ writing a new book these days.这些日子他一直忙于写一本新书。‎ ‎(4)The children were employed________ the garden.‎ A．weed B．weeding C．to weed D．in weeding ‎5．certain pron.某些(个)；adj.确信的，有把握的 归纳拓展 It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers(生产商) follow certain uniform standards for various features of clothes. (2010·重庆，阅读理解C)‎ 服装生产商遵循为各种款式的衣服所设的统一的标准，这一点是不足为奇的。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)________________________，we are all responsible for this tragic situation.‎ 我们都在一定程度上对这悲惨的局面负有责任。‎ ‎(2)Can you draw Harry a map just to ________________________ he’ll find the hotel?‎ 你能给哈里画张地图以确保他能找到那家旅馆吗？‎ ‎(3)It is________that our team will win the match.‎ A．sure B．certain C．surely D．certainly ‎6．respect vt. & n．尊敬；尊重；敬意 ‎________ adj.有礼貌的；恭敬的 ‎________ adj.体面的；值得尊敬的 归纳拓展 Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.(2010·江西，阅读理解C)‎ 今天这两个人都比他们活着时更受尊敬。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)He ______________________ a great leader.‎ 他被尊称为一位伟大的领导。‎ ‎(2)He asked us to write an article in________ of air pollution caused by the nearby factories.‎ A．honor B．search C．respect D．charge ‎(3)In a way，I think we both won—I won the game but you won my________.‎ A．support B．favour C．respect D．impression ‎7．approach vt.‎&vi.接近，靠近；要求；对付；n.靠近，接近；态度，方法 归纳拓展 ‎(1)On approaching them，we saw it was a mother whale with her baby.(2010·湖北，阅读理解A)‎ 当我们靠近时发现，这是一个鲸妈妈带着她的孩子。‎ ‎(2)We heard the sound of an approaching car.‎ 我们听见一辆车驶近的声音。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)In the lecture，the famous lecturer referred to three different ________ to the study of physics.‎ A．means B．methods C．ways D．approaches ‎(2)用means，way，method，manner，approach的适当形式填空 If he changes his ________ of thinking，his teaching ________ will present a new ________ to foreign language teaching and by this ________ the students will make great progress，but his ________ is disappointing.‎ ‎8.pretend v．假装 归纳拓展 pretend to do sth.假装要做某事 to be doing sth.假装正在做某事 to have done sth.假装已做了某事 pretend thatclause假装…… to be+n./adj.假装是…… ‎+n.假装 ‎(1)Why did you pretend to like it？ (2010·广东，语法填空)‎ 为什么你假装喜欢它？‎ ‎(2)She pretended to be busy.‎ 她假装很忙。‎ ‎(3)He pretended not to have heard about it.‎ 他假装没听过此事。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)用pretend的相关短语填空 As Tom wasn’t interested in his lessons，whenever there was an exam，he would ①__________________________________ (假装生病). Last week，he ②__________________ (假装头疼) when the teacher was going to give a quiz.He ③__________________________________ (假装疼得厉害). An hour later，when the quiz was finished，he ④________________ (假装) have recovered.‎ ‎(2)When the boss came in，the workers pretended________ hard on their machines.(2011·许昌模拟)‎ A．to work B．to be working C．to have worked D．working ‎9．stand for代表；象征；代替；容忍，忍受 归纳拓展 can’t stand (for) sth./doing sth.不能忍受(做)某事 stand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持 stand out显著；突出 where sb.stands (某人)的立场，意见 In mathematics，the letter X stands for an unknown number.在数学中，字母X代表未知数。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)The new road sign is easy to read；the words ________________ well.‎ 新路标容易辨认，上面的字很醒目。‎ ‎(2)He has been acting very strangely these days.I can’t________ his actions at all.(2011·南阳月考)‎ A．ask for B．account to C．call for D．stand for ‎10．in favour of支持 归纳拓展 活学活用 ‎(1)At present，one of the arguments ________________ the new airport is that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. (2009·江西，28)‎ 目前，赞成建新机场的理由之一是它将会给本地区带来大量的就业机会。‎ ‎(2)It is said that the famous businessman founded the charity________ his late wife.(2011·许昌模拟)‎ A．in place of B．in search of C．in memory of D．in support of ‎11．help out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难 归纳拓展 ‎...the suppliers got to know me very well，and the personal relationships established really helped out.‎ 供应商逐渐地了解了我，并且建立的私人关系确实起了作用。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)I can’t ________________________ the train was late.火车晚点，我也没办法。‎ ‎(2)His advice helped me ________________________________.‎ 他的建议帮我脱离了困境。‎ ‎(3)The passengers had a chat with the college students ________ as conductors during the summer vacation.‎ A．help out B．helped out C．to help out D．helping out ‎12.consist of由……组成 归纳拓展 注意：consist of无进行时，也无被动语态。‎ ‎(1)The brain consists of “grey matter” and “white matter”. 大脑由“灰物质”和“白物质”组成。‎ ‎(2)True education does not consist in simply teaching facts.真正的教育并不在于简单地讲授事实。‎ ‎　活学活用 ‎(1)The world________ seven continents and four oceans.‎ A．makes up of B．makes out of C．is consisted of D．consists of ‎(2)North America________ the United States，Canada and Mexico.(2010·安庆月考)‎ A．is made of B．is consisted of C．makes up D．is made up of ‎13．People don’t mind bad language on television as long as it is not used in programmes watched by children.‎ 译文：________________________________________________________________________‎ 句式提取：as long as...‎ 归纳拓展 As long as you don’t betray me，I’ll do whatever you ask me to.只要你不出卖我，要我做什么都可以。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)____________________________________，we’ll start working immediately.只要你答应我们的条件，我们将马上开始工作。‎ ‎(2)You may use the room as you like，________you clean it up afterwards.(2011·合肥模拟)‎ A．so far as B．as well as C．as soon as D．so long as ‎14．However，not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.‎ 译文：_____________________________________________________________________‎ 句式提取：not all...‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)部分否定：all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，always，completely，all the time，whole，entirely，altogether等代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都、并非都”的意思。‎ ‎(2)全部否定用：no one，none，neither，nobody，nothing，以及not...any来表示。(不可以说any...not)‎ All that glitters is not gold.‎ 闪光的东西不一定都是金子。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)________________ people believe so.‎ 并非所有的人都这么认为。‎ ‎(2)—The exam wasn’t difficult at all，was it?‎ ‎—No，but I don’t believe________ could pass it.‎ A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody ‎(3)I made a call to my parents yesterday.To my disappointment，________ of them answered it.‎ A．either B．none C．neither D．nobody ‎15．No matter what the government says，it is clear that the airport will also affect our health.‎ 译文：________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ 句式提取：no matter what...‎ 归纳拓展 whatever的用法： ‎（1）作连接代词，引导让步状语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，其含义相当于no matter what,意为“无论，不管”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。 ‎（2）作连接代词，引导名词性从句(宾语从句或主语从句)。whatever在句中起双重作用，即起先行词与关系代词的作用，在从句中又作主语、宾语等。‎ Whatever reason you have，you should carry out a promise.‎ 无论你有什么理由，你都应该遵守诺言。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)________________________________________________________________________‎ 无论发生什么，都要保持镇静。‎ ‎(2)You can choose ________________________ in the shop.‎ 你可以在商店中选择任何你喜欢的东西。‎ ‎(3)________tomorrow，our ship will set sail for Macao.‎ A．However the weather is like B．However is the weather like C．Whatever is the weather like D．Whatever the weather is like 答案 Unit 11　The Media 课堂活动区 ‎1．活学活用 ‎(1)to see　(2)satisfy all your demands ‎(3)C　[demand作主语，后面的表语从句中应用(should)＋动词原形，故选C项。]‎ ‎2．announcement 活学活用 ‎(1)①announced　②announcement　③announced ‎④announced　(2)A　[announce此处指“报告或预示”。]‎ ‎3．活学活用 ‎(1)①blamed for　②blamed it on　③is to blame for ‎(2)B　[此句中Alice是Blamed的逻辑主语，源于blame sb.for...结构，是过去分词短语作状语。故选B项。]‎ ‎4．employer　employee　employment 活学活用 ‎(1)employed as　(2)employ your spare time　(3)has been employed in　(4)D　[be employed in doing sth.忙于做某事，固定搭配。]‎ ‎5．活学活用 ‎(1)To a certain extent　(2)make sure/certain ‎(3)B　[表达“确信，肯定……”时用sure，不用it作形式主语。It is certain that...意为“当然……”，符合句意。C、D选项为副词，不可用于此句型。]‎ ‎6．respectful　respectable 活学活用 ‎(1)is respected as ‎(2)C　[句意为：他叫我们写一篇关于附近工厂引起空气污染的文章。in respect of关于，固定用法。]‎ ‎(3)C　[句意为：在某种程度上，我认为我们两个都赢了，我赢了比赛，你赢得了我的尊敬。respect尊敬，符合句意。]‎ ‎7．活学活用 ‎(1)D　[在这四个选项中与介词to搭配的只有approach。故选D项。]‎ ‎(2)way　method　approach　means　manner means，way，method，manner，approach ‎(1)means指为达到一个目的或产生某种结果而采用的方法、手段。‎ ‎(2)way是最普通、最常用的词，可以指一切“方法、办法”。‎ ‎(3)method是指理论的或系统的方法，有时是针对某个具体问题而采用的特殊方法，常与with连用。‎ ‎(4)manner指特殊的或怪异的方式、方法，与动作有关。‎ ‎(5)approach常与to搭配，指从事某事的特别方法、途径。‎ ‎8．活学活用 ‎(1) ①pretend that he was ill/pretend to be ill　②pretended a headache　③pretended to be suffering great pain ‎④pretended to　(2)B　[句意为：当老板进来时，工人们假装正在机器上努力工作。pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事，符合句意。]‎ ‎9．活学活用 ‎(1)stand out ‎(2)D　[句意为：这些天他行为古怪，我根本不能容忍他的行为。stand for忍受，容忍。]‎ ‎10．活学活用 ‎(1)in favour of　(2)C　[句意为：据说那个著名的商人建立慈善机构是为了纪念他已故的妻子。in memory of纪念。]‎ ‎11．活学活用 ‎(1)help it that　(2)out of the difficulty ‎(3)D　[helping out 是现在分词作定语，相当于who were helping out。句意为：乘客们同那几个在暑假临时帮忙充当列车员的大学生聊天。]‎ ‎12．活学活用 ‎(1)D　[句意为：世界由七大洲和四大洋组成。consist of由……组成，不能用于被动语态；A项应为be made up of结构；B项不对。故选D。]‎ ‎(2)D　[consist of不能用于被动语态；be made up of由……组成，为正确答案。]‎ ‎13．人们并不介意某些低俗的语言在电视上出现，只要不出现在儿童节目上。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)As long as you accept our conditions ‎(2)D　[后半句句意为：只要你用后把它打扫干净。]‎ ‎14．然而，并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和进行服务。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)Not all ‎(2)C　[答句句意为：——是的，但是我认为并不是每一个人都能通过考试。not...everybody部分否定。]‎ ‎(3)C　[neither表全部否定，即两人中没有一个人接电话。]‎ ‎15．无论政府怎么说，机场也会影响我们的健康是显而易见的。‎ 活学活用 ‎(1)Keep calm，whatever happens.　(2)whatever you like ‎(3)D Book 4　　　Unit 11　The Media Ⅰ.语境填词 ‎1．The new government made many needed ________(改革) and try to ________(改造)criminals rather than punish them.‎ ‎2．Owing to ________(广泛的) financial crisis, there is much unemployment.Many ________(雇工，员工)have to go home.‎ ‎3．Some ________(申请人)are filling in the form.They will ________(申请) for the important position in that company.‎ ‎ 4.He ________(假装)that he was ________(无罪的；清白的)of the crime.‎ ‎5．We have lively discussions on how to make ________(贡献) to our country which pleasantly ________(用掉，利用) our time and our thoughts.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 ‎1．That chair is ________________；move it please.‎ ‎2．Her family lived a long way away, and she had no one to ________________.‎ ‎3．She slapped him and called him names, but he didn’t ________.‎ ‎4．We haven’t discussed the matter ______________ yet, so we’ll have another meeting.‎ ‎5．The team ________________ four Europeans and two Americans.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．我想说的是这是你甩掉他的唯一办法。‎ What I want to say is ________________________________________ to get rid of him.‎ ‎2．并不是所有的学生都想去那里。‎ ‎______________________ are willing to go there.‎ ‎3．我要是知道真相就不会责备儿子了。‎ I ________________________ my son if I had known the truth.‎ ‎4．飓风来了，造成重大损失。‎ The hurricane came, ________________________.‎ Ⅳ.单项填空 ‎1．It rained heavily in the south，________serious flooding in several provinces.(天津高考)‎ A．caused B．having caused C．causing D．to cause ‎2．Since________of them don’t drink, a bottle of wine will be enough.‎ A．none B．all C．nobody D．every one ‎3．Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy________.‎ ‎ A．would have been saved B．had been saved C．will be saved D．was saved ‎4．—It has been very hot and dry.‎ ‎—Yes.If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables________.‎ A．wouldn’t die B．didn’t die C．hadn’t died D．wouldn’t have died ‎5．Faced with a problem, you have to________it first, and then try to find a solution.‎ A．resemble B．substitute C．concentrate D．analyze ‎6．The survey shows that speed________at least 30 percent of road traffic and deaths.‎ A．contributes to B．results from C．lies in D．answers for ‎7．The workers pretended________hard at their machines when the boss came in.‎ A．to work B．working C．to be working D．to have worked ‎8．The broken glass was________that a burglary took place. (2010·合肥月考)‎ A．evidence B．sure C．signal D．announced ‎9．Despite such a big difference in________towards what one eats，there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.‎ A．point B．idea C．attitude D．sight ‎10．—Is that 911？A thief is in my house.‎ ‎—OK.Help is________.‎ A．in the way B．in its way C．on the way D．by the way ‎11．As he is doing a dangerous job, his parents________his safety.‎ A．concern themselves with B．show no concern about C．are concerned about D．are concerned with ‎12．Native Americans________about seven percent of the California’s population.‎ A．fill up B．bring up C．make up D．set up ‎13．Everyone in the class is expected to________these discussions.‎ A．share B．take C．contribute to D．participate in ‎14．She’s having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesn’t know whom to________.‎ A．turn to B．look for C．deal with D．talk about ‎15．—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?‎ ‎—I don’t mind where we go________there’s sun，sea and beach.‎ A．as if B．as long as C．now that D．in order that Ⅴ.完形填空 New York—America has been experiencing the longest economic increase in its history.Incomes have risen，unemployment has __1__，and cities such as New York are __2__ with new office buildings.‎ But just a short walk from Manhattan’s skyscrapers，George Brown，on the sidewalk，is cooking a lunch of rice and bits of fish __3__ a can of cooking fuel.‎ Brown is __4__—one of the 2.3 million people in the US who end up on the street.During the day，Brown __5__ aluminum cans and sells them for five cents a piece.At night，he sleeps on the street.‎ ‎“I have been on the street about eight or nine years，__6__ like that，” said the 62yearold former construction worker.‎ Brown __7__ he’s had problem with alcohol and has smoked cocaine.But he says he still wants a more stable __8__ arrangement.He could __9__ it just with the money he earns by collecting cans and small pieces of metal，if only truly low income housing were __10__.‎ However，he sees no __11__ of finding affordable housing in New York.__12__ the strong economy and unemployment down，beautiful housing is being built to __13__ demand.‎ A US report shows rents in New York City 　14　 more than 27 percent between 1984 and 1999，from $549 to $‎700 a month.‎ One of the __15__ effects of the strong economy is that rents have been going up.The __16__ of people who experience homelessness really just need some affordable housing help.‎ But __17__ housing projects have been built for the poor.Many small apartments in the city now rent for $‎1,500 a month or more.‎ Brown，the homeless New Yorker，says he has a daughter who lives in the city but he __18__ sees her.She is angry about his drinking and won’t __19__ it in her house.‎ ‎__20__，he says he has seven grandchildren whom he’d like to see more often.‎ ‎1．A.been raised B．risen ‎ C．fallen D．increased ‎ ‎2．A.burst B．full ‎ C．bursting D．filling ‎ ‎3．A.above B．on C．over D．near ‎4．A.hopeless B．helpless ‎ C．homeless D．fruitless ‎ ‎5．A.accumulates B．collects ‎ C．obtains D．searches ‎ ‎6．A.anything B．some ‎ C．any D．something ‎ ‎7．A.assumes B．asserts ‎ C．admits D．assesses ‎ ‎8．A.working B．studying ‎ C．sleeping D．housing ‎ ‎9．A.afford B．not afford ‎ C．not buy D．not purchase ‎10．A.available B．accessible ‎ C．adaptable D．approachable ‎ ‎11．A.hope B．sign ‎ C．scene D．meaning ‎ ‎12．A.With B．As C．While D．In ‎13．A.fulfill B．meet C．lead D．give ‎14．A.went down B．decreased ‎ C．fell D．rose ‎ ‎15．A.active B．positive ‎ C．side D．effective ‎ ‎16．A.majority B．masses ‎ C．crowd D．group ‎ ‎17．A.many B．quite C．few D．less ‎18．A.often B．rarely C．never D．ever ‎19．A.allow B．agree ‎ C．approve D．insist ‎ ‎20．A.Smile B．Smiling ‎ C．Smiled D．To smile ‎ Ⅵ.阅读理解 Once there was a young woman who didn’t like her job. Everyday when she came home ‎ from work，she told her husband how terrible her day had been，how tiring the work and how unreasonable her boss. “Leave that job，” her husband told her.‎ ‎“Oh, I will，” she said.“But not yet.I have too many friends there for me to leave.”And so she remained unhappy at work until the years became decades and her children had children. “Leave that job，” her grandchildren told her. “Oh，I will，”she said. “But not yet. There are only seven more years until I reach thirty years of service and can retire. So I can’t just yet.”‎ I know this woman. And her story reminds me of an old dog half asleep on a porch of a general store，moaning and groaning in the sun.“Why is your dog acting that way？” a customer asked the store owner. “Oh，” answered the man，“He’s lying on a nail.” “Well，why doesn’t he move？”“Because it’s not hurting him bad enough.”‎ That’s true for people，too. We convince ourselves the pain is not bad enough to leave the workplace we know. But we’re wrong. Prolonged work pain is continuing. Some work pain damages our selfesteem，kills our passion or destroys our dreams.‎ Wilbur Wright once commented，“We could hardly wait to get up in the morning. I know that exhilarating feeling of being so passionate about something I was working on that I couldn’t wait to get back to work. And people who are winning at working know that kind of passion，too.”‎ They get excited about work. They offer their unique gifts and talents eagerly. And when things don’t change as they sometimes will，they refuse to let environment hijack their selfesteem，passion or dreams.‎ ‎1．The woman complained to her husband every day because ________.‎ A．she didn’t have enough money to support her family B．her boss criticized her for what she had done C．she was not satisfied with her job at all D．her work was difficult and her boss was cruel ‎2．From the second paragraph we can know that the woman ________.‎ A．liked making friends with others B．loved all of her children very much C．left her tiring job at last D．did exactly the same job all along ‎3．The author mentioned the old dog in order to tell us that ________.‎ A．it was deeply hurt by its owner B．the woman is like the dog on the nail C．it is tied firmly to a nail by its owner D．it should be injured badly enough ‎4．The underlined word “Prolonged” (in Paragraph 4) means ________.‎ A．lasting B．slight C．serious D．hard ‎5．People who are getting along well with their work ________.‎ A．have to get up early every day B．are not willing to go to work C．need more unique gifts and talents D．are likely to change with the situation Ⅶ.任务型读写 Some people have the ideas that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability.They feel hopeless about it.Can you learn to read better, or must you agree that nothing can be done about it?‎ To be sure, people’s abilities are different.You cannot expect to do everything as well as certain other people do.If all the students in a class tried out for basketball, some would be very good players; others would be very poor; and many would be in between.‎ But even the very poor players can become much better players if they are guided in the right way, and with plenty of practice.It is the same with reading.Some seem to enjoy reading and to read well without any special help.Others find reading a slow and tiring job.In between, there are all degrees of reading ability.‎ Many experiments have shown that just about every poor reader can improve his/her reading ability.Firstly, the poor readers were given tests of reading ability.Secondly, some of the causes of their poor reading were discovered, and then they were given special instruction and practice in reading.After a few months, another test of the same kind was given.In nearly all cases, these people had raised their reading scores.‎ Different 1. ________ about reading ability Some people feel they can’t do 2.________ about poor reading.‎ You can read better by 3.________.‎ ‎4.________ are different, but can be improved Some people can play basketball well while others play badly.‎ People can improve when guided by proper coaches and 5.________ more.‎ It is the same with reading.‎ ‎6.________ of the experiments Test readers’ reading ability.‎ Discover the 7.________ of poor reading.‎ Teachers instruct these readers 8.________.‎ ‎9.________‎ After a few months and in nearly all cases, these people show 10.________ ability.‎ 答案 课外练习区 Ⅰ.1.reforms　reform　2.widespread　employees　3.applicants　apply　 4.pretended　innocent　5.contributions employ Ⅱ.1.in the way　2.turn to　3.react　4.in detail　5.consists of Ⅲ.1.that this is the only way for you　2.Not all the students　3.wouldn’t have blamed　4.causing great damage Ⅳ.‎ ‎1．C　[句意为：南方雨下得很大，结果造成了几个省严重被淹。现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果。B项现在分词的完成时表示该动作发生在谓语动词之前，不符合逻辑，故选C项。]‎ ‎2．B　[句意为：既然他们不是都喝酒，一瓶葡萄酒足够了。all of them don’t drink (＝ not all of them drink) 为部分否定，故B项正确。]‎ ‎3．A　[句意为：要是我早知道这个电脑程序的话，我就会节省大量的时间和精力了。此句为虚拟语气条件句，表示与过去事实相反，A项正确。]‎ ‎4．D　[句意为：——天气既热又干燥。——是，要是下点雨的话，现在情况就好多了。我的蔬菜也就不会死了。此题考查虚拟语气的用法。“现在蔬菜干死了”，因此此处表示与过去事实相反，条件状语从句用过去完成时，主句用“would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词”，D项正确。]‎ ‎5．D　[句意为：面对一个问题时，你应该首先对它进行分析，然后找出解决的方案。resemble类似，像；substitute代替；取代；concentrate集中；analyze分析。由句意可知D项正确。]‎ ‎6．A　[句意为：调查显示超速导致了至少30%的道路交通事故和死亡。contribute to导致，促成；result from由……引起，造成；lie in在于；answer for对……负责。根据句意A项正确。]‎ ‎7．C　[句意为：当老板进来时，工人们假装正在机器旁忙碌着。pretend to do 假装干……；pretend to be doing 假装正在干……；pretend to have done 假装已经干了……；没有pretend doing 结构。由句意可知C项正确。]‎ ‎8．A　[句意为：破碎玻璃就是发生入室盗窃的证据。evidence证据；sure肯定的；signal信号，暗号；announce宣布。B、C两项均不符合句式结构，C项意义不正确。故选A项。]‎ ‎9．C　[句意为：尽管对食物的态度(看法)有如此大的差别，无疑，西方人认为中国食品是很特别的。破解此题的关键点是toward这个词，在这四个选项中，只有attitude与 toward或to连用，故选C项。]‎ ‎10．C　[in the way挡路；碍事，相当于in its/one’s way；by the way顺便说一下；on the way在路上，即将来临，故C项符合语境。]‎ ‎11．C　[句意为：因为他从事危险的工作，父母担心他的安全。be concerned about关心，挂念，符合句意。concern oneself with从事，参与；show no concern about对……不关心(担心)；be concerned with参与……。]‎ ‎12．C　[句意为：土著人占了加利福尼亚州人口的7%。make up占……，符合句意。fill up填充，充满；bring up教育，抚养；set up建立，设立。]‎ ‎13．D　[句意为：期望班里的每个人都能参与这些讨论。share分享；take不与discussion搭配；contribute to对……做出贡献；participate为不及物动词，常和in搭配，意为“参加”，符合句意。]‎ ‎14．A　[考查动词短语辨析。turn to求助于；look for寻找；deal with处理；talk about谈论。根据句意“她不知道向谁求助”可知A项正确。]‎ ‎15．B　[下句句意为：——我不介意我们去哪，只要有阳光、大海和沙滩就行。]‎ Ⅴ.‎ ‎1．C　[此处叙述了美国经济增长的具体表现，故失业率应是“下降”。]‎ ‎2．C　[be bursting with“充满了……”，相当于be full of或be filled with。]‎ ‎3．C　[由常识知，煮饭应是在燃气的正上方，故应用over。above表示“斜上方”；on指有一个接触点的“上面”；near指“附近的”。]‎ ‎4．C　[由后面的“...he sleeps on the street”可知，布朗是“无家可归的，露宿街头的”，故用homeless。hopeless“没希望的”；helpless“无助的”；fruitless“无果的”。]‎ ‎5．B　[句意为：布朗收集铝罐子并以每个5美分的价钱出售。collect“收集”；accumulate“积累，增加”；obtain“获得”；search“搜”。]‎ ‎6．D　[something like“类似于，近似于”，是固定搭配。此处是指“近似于八九年的时间”。]‎ ‎7．C　[句意为：布朗承认他有酗酒和抽大烟的恶习。admit“承认”；assume“假装；假设”；assert“坚持；声称”；assess“评估，评价”。]‎ ‎8．D　[由下文所述可知，布朗渴望更加稳定的住房安排。housing“住房”。]‎ ‎9．A　[由后文中的“if only...”可知，这里是考查虚拟语气，故应用肯定形式。afford“买得起，负担得起”。]‎ ‎10．A　[联系上文可知，如果低收入人的住房问题能解决的话，他就能用自己挣的钱买房子了(事实上并不是这样的)。available“可利用的，可得到的”；accessible“可进入的”；adaptable“可采用的”；approachable“可接近的”。]‎ ‎11．A　[由下句可知，布朗没有看到任何能够买得起住房的“希望”。]‎ ‎12．A　[with是介词，表示“随着……”。as表示“随着……”时后面接句子；while是连词，后接句子；in表示“在……之内”。]‎ ‎13．B　[句意为：正在建造美丽的房屋来满足需求。meet demand“满足需求”。]‎ ‎14．D　[由下半句所列数字可知，纽约的房租上涨了，rise“上升，上涨”。]‎ ‎15．C　[由上下文可知，此处指经济发展所带来的“副作用”，故用side effect。]‎ ‎16．A　[此处指无家可归者中的大多数人，故用majority。mass指“民众”；crowd和group皆指“人群”。]‎ ‎17．C　[承接上文“穷人需要住房方面的帮助”可知，此句用but表示转折，说明实际为穷人提供的居住工程建设很少，故用few。]‎ ‎18．B　[由but及下文布朗的女儿对他在家喝酒很生气，不允许他在她的家可知，他“很少”见到女儿。]‎ ‎19．A　[女儿对布朗酗酒很生气，不会允许他在她家。allow“允许”，后可直接接宾语。]‎ ‎20．B　[smile与主语he构成逻辑上的主谓关系，smiling“笑着说……”，是v.ing作伴随状语。]‎ Ⅵ.语篇定位 一位年轻的女士对自己的工作很不满意，可是由于种种原因，一直干到了退休。作者由这位女士的情况想到了卧在钉子上呻吟的狗，它还没有痛到离开钉子的程度。文章分析了对工作抱有消极心理的坏处和具有积极工作态度的人的表现。‎ 长难句分析 I know that exhilarating feeling of being so passionate about something I was working on that I couldn’t wait to get back to work.‎ 该句中的passionate是形容词，意为“热诚的，狂热的”；I was working on是定语从句，修饰something; so...that...意为“如此……以致于……”。couldn’t wait to do...意为“迫不及待地想做……”。句意为：我知道那种令人兴奋的感觉，那就是我对所做的工作如此地热情，以致于迫切地想回去工作。‎ ‎1．C　[细节推断题。根据第一段中的“Everyday when she came home from work，she told her husband how terrible her day had been，how tiring the work and how unreasonable her boss.”可知，她对自己的工作很不满意。]‎ ‎2．D　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的内容以及第二段中的“until the years became decades...There are only seven more years until I reach thirty years of service and can retire. So I can’t just yet.”等信息可知，她一直没有换工作。]‎ ‎3．B　[细节理解题。联系全文的语境，再根据第三段对狗的情况的描述可知，文中提到的这位年轻女士和这里描述的狗的情况是一样的，由此推知B为正确答案。]‎ ‎4．A　[词义猜测题。根据上下文的意思可知，该词的意思是“持久的”。]‎ ‎5．D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And when things don’t change as they sometimes will...”可知，这些人工作顺利，是因为他们能随着环境的变化而作出改变。]‎ Ⅶ.1.ideas/opinions　2.anything　3.learning　4.Abilities ‎5．practicing　6.Steps　7.causes　8.specially ‎9．Conclusion/Result　10.improved