2020届人教版高考英语必修1知识串讲：unit4 5页

‎-人教版必修一-unit 4‎ ‎【基本词汇】‎ ‎1.earthquake n.地震 ‎2.quake n. 震动;地震 ‎3.well n. 井 ‎4.pipe n. 管;导管 ‎5.canal n. 运河;水道 ‎6.steam n. 蒸汽;水汽 ‎7.dirt n. 污垢;泥土 ‎8.brick n. 砖;砖块 ‎9.dam n. 水坝;堰堤 ‎10.track n. 轨道;足迹;痕迹 ‎11.disaster n. 灾难;灾祸 ‎12.shelter n. 掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处 ‎13.title n. 标题;头衔;资格 ‎14.bar n. 条;棒;条状物 ‎15.outline n. 要点;大纲;轮廓 ‎16.headline n. 报刊的大字标题 ‎17.cyclist n. 骑自行 ‎【高频词汇】‎ ‎1.　burst　 vi.(burst,burst)爆裂;爆发　n.突然破裂;爆发 ‎ ‎2.　million　 n.百万 ‎ ‎3.　event　 n.事件;大事 ‎ ‎4.　ruin　 n.废墟;毁灭　vt.毁灭;使破产 ‎ ‎5.　destroy　 vt.破坏;毁坏;消灭 ‎ ‎6.　rescue　 n.&vt.援救;营救 ‎ ‎7.　trap　 vt.使陷入困境　n.陷阱;困境 ‎ ‎8.　electricity　 n.电;电流;电学 ‎ ‎9.　bury　 vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏 ‎ ‎10.　damage　 n.&vt.损失;损害 ‎ ‎11.　congratulation　 n.祝贺;(复数)贺词 ‎ ‎12.　judge　 n.裁判员;法官　vt.断定;判断;判决 ‎ ‎【核心词汇】‎ ‎1.express　vt.表示;表达→express　n.快车;速递→expression　n.表达;表情;词句 ‎ ‎2.nation　　 n.民族;国家;国民→　national　 adj.国家的→nationality　 n.国籍 ‎ ‎3.　suffering　 n.苦难;痛苦→　suffer　 v.受苦;遭受 ‎ ‎4.　extreme　 adj.极度的→　extremely　 adv. 极度地;极其;非常 ‎ ‎5.　injure　 vt.损害;伤害→　injured　 adj.受伤的→injury　 n.扭伤;损害;损伤 ‎ ‎6.　use　 v.使用;利用;n.用途;用处→　useful　 adj.有用的→　‎ useless　 adj.无用的;无效的;无益的 ‎ ‎7.　shock　 vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动→　shock　 n.休克;打击;震惊 ‎ ‎8.　mine　 n.矿;矿山;矿井→　miner　 n.矿工 ‎ ‎9.　report　 n.报告;报道　v.报告;报到→　reporter　 n.记者 ‎ ‎10.　frighten　 vt.使惊吓;吓唬→　frightened　 adj.受惊的;受恐吓的→　frightening　 adj.令人恐惧的 ‎ ‎11.　sincere　 adj.真诚的;真挚的→　sincerely　 adv.真诚地;真挚地 ‎ ‎【词汇联想】‎ ‎1.-ing与-ed结尾的形容词集锦 surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 吃惊的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 terrifying 令人恐怖的 terrified 害怕的 frightening 令人惊恐的 frightened 害怕的 moving 感人的 moved 感动的 ‎2.与burst变化形式相同的动词 burst　burst　burst 爆发;爆裂 upset　upset　upset 使不安;使心烦 cast　cast　cast 投;掷 cost　cost　cost 花费 ‎3.不一样的“惊讶”‎ surprised 感到惊讶的 astonished 惊讶的 amazed 惊奇的 shocked 震惊的 ‎4.shock用法小结 be shocked by/at 对……感到震惊 a great shock 令人震惊的事 be a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击 shocking 令人震惊的 ‎5.bury的常用短语 be buried in 埋头于 be buried in thought 沉思 bury oneself in study 埋头学习;专心学习 bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面 ‎6.trap小结 set a trap 设下圈套 be trapped in 陷入困境 trap sb.into doing sth.诱骗某人做某事 fall into a trap 落入圈套 ‎7.express用法小结 express oneself 表达自己的思想感情 beyond expression 无法表达;难以表达 express one’s thanks to sb.向某人表达谢意 ‎【短语】‎ ‎1.right away 　立刻;马上　 ‎ ‎2.in ruins 　严重受损;破败不堪　 ‎ ‎3.dig out 　掘出;发现　 ‎ ‎4.cut across 　径直穿过;抄近路通过　 ‎ ‎1.结束;终结 　at an end　 ‎ ‎2.许多;大量的 　a great number of　 ‎ ‎3.好像;仿佛 　as if　 ‎ ‎4.不重视 　think little/nothing of　 ‎ ‎【短语联想】‎ ‎1.表示“立刻;马上”的词语 at once;right away;right now;in no time ‎2.含有复数名词的短语 in ruins 破败不堪　　　　in rags 衣衫褴褛 in high spirits 情绪高涨 ‎3.表示数量的短语 an amount of/amounts of 大量的(修饰不可数名词)‎ a quantity of/quantities of 很多;大量(修饰可数或不可数名词)‎ a great many 很多(修饰可数名词复数)‎ ‎【句式】‎ ‎1.It seemed 　as if　 the world was 　at an end　! ‎ 世界似乎到了末日!‎ 考点提炼 It seemed as if...句式。seem后常接that或as if引导的从句。‎ ‎2.　All　 hope was 　not　 lost. ‎ 不是所有的希望都破灭了。‎ 考点提炼这是一个部分否定句。all...not,both...not为部分否定,完全否定形式用none或neither。‎ ‎【句子仿写】‎ ‎1.他坐在那儿,好像什么事都没发生过。‎ He sat there as if nothing had happened.‎ ‎2.并不是每个人都诚实。‎ All the men are not honest.‎ ‎【语篇填空】‎ Several days before July 28,1976,many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells 1.　rose　 (rise)and fell.The water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.They were 2.　signs　 (sign)for the earthquake.But people in the city didn’t think much 3.　　of　　 these.At 3:42 am that day,everything began to shake,4.　which　 destroyed the city.Many people,5.　including　(include)workers and doctors,came to rescue those 6.　trapped　(trap)people under the ruins.7.　Later　(late)that afternoon,another big quake struck Tangshan.8.　More　(many)people were killed or 9.　injured　 (injure)and more buildings fell down.Soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers.Teams were organized to dig out the trapped and bury 10.　the　 dead. ‎