2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit5学案设计（40页word版） 40页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit5学案设计 话题素材——文娱 好词 ‎1．audiencen. 听众；观众 2.entertain v. 使愉快；娱乐 ‎3．reputation n. 名誉；名声 4.performancen. 表演；履行 ‎5．well-known adj. 著名的 6.classical music 古典音乐 ‎7．dream_of 梦想 8.dance to music 伴随着音乐跳舞 ‎9．have an appetite for 爱好；渴望 10.come_up_with 提出 ‎11．form a band 组建乐队 ‎12．ask_sb._for_advice_on_sth. 向某人征求关于某事的建议 ‎13．in_one's_spare_time 在某人的空余时间 ‎14．have_a_talent/gift_for 在……有天赋 ‎15．hit the world overnight 一夜成名 佳句 ‎1．Good music can not_only make people feel relaxed, but_also_ purify_the_human_mind_.‎ 好的音乐不但使人们感觉轻松，而且净化人的心灵。‎ ‎2．It_is_said_that there will be a concert conducted_by_a_ world-famous_conductor on Sundayevening.‎ 据说，周日晚上有一场音乐会，由一位世界著名的指挥家指挥。‎ ‎3．Besides, learning_a_musical_instrument will help your children ‎ develop concentration, patience and perseverance, which_will_help_ them_later_in_life.‎ 此外，学习弹奏乐器培养小孩的注意力、耐心和毅力，这对于他们以后的人生有帮助。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ Music plays an important role in our life. First, it can make us feel relaxed both mentally and physically, thus helping reduce our pressure at work and in life. Second, music can excite and encourage us as well whenever we meet troubles and feel sad. What's more, music can have a comforting effect when we're worried and help us step out of difficulty. In addition, music, as a universal language, can be of great help on the way to learning another culture.‎ As far as I'm concerned, music is part of our life. We can't live a happy life without the company of music.‎ 高频单词 ‎1．roll (vt. &vi) 滚动；(使)摇摆 (n.) 摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈 ‎2．musician (n.) 音乐家→music (n.) 音乐→musical (adj.) 音乐的 ‎3．pretend (vt.) 假装；假扮 ‎4．attach (vt. &vi.) 系上；缚上；附加；连接→attachment (n.)附件，附属物 ‎5．form (vt.) (使)组成；形成；构成 ‎6．passer-by (n.) 过路人；行人→passers-by (pl.)‎ ‎7．earn (vt.) 赚；挣得；获得→earning (n.) 薪水；工资 ‎8．extra (adj.) 额外的；外加的 ‎9．instrument (n.) 工具；器械；乐器 ‎10．perform (vt.&vi.) 表演；履行；执行→performance (n.) 表演；演奏→performer (n.) 表演者 ‎11．millionaire (n.) 百万富翁；富豪→ million (n.) 一百万 ‎12．actor (n.) 男演员；行动者→act (v.) 行动；行为→action (n.)行动；行为过程→active (adj.)活跃的；积极的→actress (n.) 女演员 ‎13．rely (vi.) 依赖；依靠→reliable (adj.) 可靠的；可信赖的 ‎14．broadcast (n. &vi. &vt.) 广播；播放→broadcast (过去式/过去分词)‎ ‎15．painful (adj.) 痛苦的；疼痛的→pain (n.) 疼痛 ‎16．humorous (adj.) 幽默的；诙谐的→humor (n.) 幽默 ‎17．familiar (adj.) 熟悉的；常见的；亲近的 ‎18．attractive (adj.) 吸引人的；有吸引力的→attract (vt.) 吸引；引起→attraction (n.) 吸引；吸引力；吸引人的事物 ‎19．dip (vt.) 浸；蘸→dipped (过去式/过去分词)‎ ‎20．confident (adj.) 自信的；确信的→confidence (n.) 自信；信任 ‎21．brief (adj.) 简短的；简要的(n.) 摘要；大纲→briefly (adv.) 简要地；短暂地 ‎22．devotion (n.) 投入；热爱→devote (vt.) 奉献；致力于→devoted (adj.) 献身的；忠诚的 ‎23．invitation (n.) 邀请；招待→invite (vt.) 邀请；招致→inviting (adj.) ‎ 诱人的；吸引人的 ‎24．sensitive (adj.) 敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的→sense (n.) 感觉；感官 重点短语 ‎1．attach...to 认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接 ‎2．be/get_familiar_with 熟悉；与……熟悉起来 ‎3．break_up 打碎；分裂；解体 ‎4．in_addition 另外；也 ‎5．above_all 最重要的是；首先 ‎6．to_be_honest 说实在地；说实话 ‎7．in_cash 用现金；有现钱 ‎8．play_jokes_on 戏弄 ‎9．rely_on 依赖；依靠 ‎10．or_so 大约 ‎11．sort_out 分类 ‎12．have_a_good_knowledge_of 精通；通晓 热点句型 ‎1．“代词＋of＋which”构成的定语从句 The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most_of_which (其中大多 数)was based loosely on the Beatles.(教材 P34)‎ ‎2．过去分词短语作定语 Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing songs written_by_other_musicians (由别的音乐家创作的)．(教材 P34)‎ ‎3．not... without...双重否定句式 Freddy and his band could_not_go_out_anywhere_without_being_ followed (无论走到哪里都会有人跟随)．(教材 P38)‎ ‎4．as if 引导方式状语从句 Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as_if_they_were_close_friends (就像他们是密友)．(教材 P38)‎ ‎5．adj.＋enough to do sth. ……足够……以至于……‎ Anyhow their performance were humorous_enough_to_be_copied (非常幽默以至于被模仿) by other groups.(教材 P34)‎ 巩固训练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．There have been many popular bands in the world, ________ which the most famous was the Beatles.‎ 答案：of ‎2．They put an advertisement in a newspaper ________ (look) for rock musicians.‎ 答案：looking/to look ‎3．They were so popular ________ their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar ________ them.‎ 答案：that; with ‎4．Sometimes they may play to ________ (passer-by) in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves.‎ 答案：passers-by ‎5．As some of these actors could not sing ________ (good) enough, they had to rely ________ other musicians to help them.‎ 答案：well; on ‎6．They may start as a group of high-school students, ________ whom practising their music in someone's house is the first step to fame.‎ 答案：for ‎7．His most ________ (excite) invitation was to perform on a TV programme________ (call) “Top of the Pops”．‎ 答案：exciting; called ‎8．Fans showed their devotion ________ them by waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.‎ 答案：to ‎9．He enjoyed ________ (sing) and all the ________ (congratulate) afterwards!‎ 答案：singing; congratulations ‎10．So they left Britain, ________ which they were never to return, and went back to the lake.‎ 答案：to ‎1 pretend vt.假装；假扮 Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan？(P34)‎ 你唱卡拉 OK 并假装你是宋祖英或刘欢那样的著名歌星吗？‎ 归纳拓展 pretend to be＋n./adj. 假装是……‎ to do sth.假装做某事 to be doing sth.假装正在做某事 to have done假装已经做了某事 to be done 假装被……‎ that 从句 假装……‎ 名师点睛 pretend 后接动词不定式作宾语时，根据不同的语境要求，不定式可以采用一般式、进行式、完 成式来表达不同的时间概念。有类似用法的动词还包括：happen， appear， seem， claim 及 be said to do sth.等结构。‎ 语境助记 ‎①He pretended to_be_friendly to us.‎ 他假装对我们很友好。‎ ‎②The boy pretended_to_be_concentrating_on his lesson, but in fact his ‎ mind was wandering.‎ 那个男孩假装在专注于功课，但事实上他的思想在开小差。‎ ‎③Jacy pretended_to_have_known everything about it and said nothing.‎ 杰西假装已了解了一切，什么也没有讲。‎ ‎④单句改错 He would ask who we were and pretend not to knowing us.‎ knowing 改为 know ‎2 attach vt.& vi.附上；系上；贴上；使依恋；连接 To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.(P34)‎ 说实在的，许多人把名和利看得很重。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)attach...to...认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接 attach importance/significance/value to 认为……有重要性(或意义、价值等)‎ attach oneself to sb.与某人在一起；缠着某人 attach to sb./sth.(使)与某人/物有关系/有关联 ‎(2)attachedadj.依恋；附属于 be attached to 附属于；依恋 名师点睛 attach...to...中的to为介词；其后跟名词，代词或动名词形式。‎ 语境助记 ‎①My parents always attach_great_importance_to my getting a good education.‎ 父母一直认为我接受良好的教育非常重要。‎ ‎②Attach a recent photograph to your application form.‎ 申请表上请贴一张近照。‎ ‎③This hospital is_attached_to the medical college nearby.‎ 这家医院附属于附近的那所医学院。‎ ‎④He is deeply attached_to his mother.‎ 他深深地依恋着自己的母亲。‎ ‎3 form n．形状；形态；外形；表格；形式 v．(使)组成；形成；构成；排列 But just how do people form a band？(P34)‎ 但是人们是怎样组成一个乐队的呢？‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)form the habit of 养成……的习惯 form into 组成……；编成……‎ ‎(2)be in/out of form 处于良好的/不良的状态 in the form of 以……的形式；呈……的状态 take the form of 采取……的形式；表现为……的形式 fill in/out a form 填表格 语境助记 ‎①[2016·全国卷Ⅱ]Hundreds of people have formed_impressions of you ‎ through that little device (装 置) on your desk.‎ 成百上千的人会通过你桌子上的小装置，对你形成一定的印象。‎ ‎②A habit is difficult and sometimes almost impossible to get rid of once formed.‎ 习惯一旦形成，就很难、有时几乎不可能改掉。‎ ‎③To apply for a job, you must fill_in a form.‎ 要申请工作，你必须填份表。‎ ‎④You'd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in_the_form_of a question.‎ 如果你以问问题的方式提出请求，你听起来会更有礼貌。‎ ‎4 familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的 They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.(P34)‎ 他们如此受欢迎以致歌迷们为了更加了解他们而成立了俱乐部。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)be familiar with 熟悉；通晓 其主语通常是指人的名词，with 的宾语是主语通晓的事物 ‎(2)be familiar to 为……所熟悉 其主语通常是人们所通晓的事物，to 的宾语通常是指人的名词 ‎(3)unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的 ‎(4)familiarity n. 熟悉；亲密；精通 语境助记 ① After the foreign guests got_familiar_with the Chinese traditional festivals, they liked to live in China.‎ 外国客人在熟悉了中国传统节日后，便喜欢在中国生活。‎ ‎②The voice on the phone sounded_familiar_to me.‎ 电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。‎ ‎③This peaceful nursery rhyme is_very_familiar_to me. That is to say, I _am_familiar_with this peaceful nursery rhyme.‎ 这首平和的童谣是我所熟悉的。也就是说，我很熟悉这首童谣。‎ ‎④Home to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia.‎ 家对我来说意味着一种熟悉和怀旧。‎ ‎5 perform vt.& vi.上演；扮演；演奏；履行(约定、诺言、命令等)‎ His most exciting invitation was to perform on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops.”(P38)‎ 最令他兴奋的是受邀参加叫作“顶级流行歌手”的电视节目。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎ (1)perform a(n)．..role in 在……中起……作用 ‎(2)perform one's duty/promise 尽责任/履行诺言 perform an experiment 进行试验 perform an operation/a play 进行手术/演一出戏 perform well/badly 表现得好/坏 ‎(3)performance n．执行；表演；演奏；表现 put_on/give a performance 表演；演出 a live performance 一次现场演出 ‎(4)performer n. 演奏者；表演者 语境助记 ‎①As everyone knows, she performed an_important_role_in our organization.‎ 大家都知道，她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。‎ ‎②The surgeon is performing_an_operation,_so you just can't talk to him for the moment.‎ 那位外科医生正在忙着做手术，眼下你不能和他通话。‎ ‎③I consider the opportunity is of great importance and I have been preparing for it recently with the hope that I can perform it well.‎ 我认为这次机会很重要，最近我一直在准备着，希望我能表现出色。‎ ‎④[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September.‎ 这个音乐季从六月持续到八月，而且在三月和九月也有额外的表演。‎ ‎6 sensitive adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的；明智的 At last feeling very upset and sensitive, Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them.(P38)‎ 终于由于深感苦恼，神经高度紧张，弗雷迪和他的乐队意识到他们必须在自己感到太痛苦之前离开这个国家。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)be sensitive to 对……敏感 be sensitive about 介意；在乎 ‎(2)make_sense 有意义；说得通；是明智的 make sense of 理解；明白 ‎(3)sensibleadj. 明智的；明显的；意识到的 be sensible of 知道；意识到 语境助记 ‎①There is no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive_to the price.‎ 毫无疑问，消费者仍对价格十分敏感。‎ ‎②She is very sensitive_about her overweight.‎ 她很忌讳别人说她胖。‎ ‎③It makes_sense to buy the most up－to－date version.‎ 买最新的版本是明智的。‎ ‎④[牛津高阶]I think that's a very_sensible idea.‎ 我看这个主意很妥当。‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．Listening to music at home is one thing; going to hear it _____ (perform) live is quite another.‎ 答案：being performed 考查“hear＋宾语＋宾补”结构。perform 与 ‎ music 之间为被动关系，且由副词 live“现场地”知表动作正在进行，故用 being performed。‎ ‎2．Roger turned down the ________ (invite) to speak at the science conference.‎ 答案：invitation 考查词性转换。定冠词 the 后应用名词，invitation 意为“邀请”。‎ ‎3．He ended the meeting ________ (brief) with only a few words.‎ 答案：briefly 考查词性转换。briefly“简短地；简要地”，修饰动词 ended。‎ ‎4．People must be sensitive ________ this possibility when they make volunteer activity a must.‎ 答案：to 考查固定短语。be sensitive to，意为“对……敏感”。‎ ‎5．Across the stream, a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the bank for the fruit with a net ‎________ (attach) to a pole.‎ 答案：attached 考查分词作定语。根据 attach...to...“系；连接；附上”可知，attach 与 net 之间为被动关系，故填 attached。‎ ‎6．The dog had such ________ (devote) to his master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.‎ 答案：devotion 考查词性转换。根据“such＋名词＋that...”句式可知，此处应填名词 devotion。‎ ‎7．In listening to the conversation between native speakers, we have become more familiar ________ the real life abroad than before.‎ 答案：with 考查固定短语。be familiar with 意为“熟悉……”。‎ ‎8．So ________ (attract) is the lake that many families drive there on weekends to spend their holidays.‎ 答案：attractive 考查词性转换。根据句式分析可知，“so＋adj./adv.”结构位于句首时，句子用倒装，以及“is”可知应填形容词。‎ ‎9．He pretended ________ (read) aloud in the study when he heard his father open the door.‎ 答案：to be reading 考查 pretend to do sth.的用法。根据语意可知，此处表示他假装正在大声朗读。故用不定式的进行时。‎ ‎10．He was ________(confidence) that he would be admitted to the famous university.‎ 答案：confident 考查词性转换。空处应填形容词形式作表语，confident 形容词，“自信的”。句意：他很自信他会被那所著名大学录取的。‎ ‎1 rely on 依靠；依赖；指望 As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.(P34)‎ 由于一些演员唱得不够好，他们只好依靠别的音乐人来帮助他们。‎ 归纳拓展 rely on sb. to do sth.指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on ( doing( sth.依赖/信任/指望(做(某事 rely on it that...相信……；指望……‎ 语境助记 ① ‎[2016·北京高考]If students rely_on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.‎ 如果学生们依靠管理人员来规范他们的社交行为和思维方法，那么在一个更大的且复杂的社团里，他们将无法面对识别自己身份的挑战。‎ ‎②I know I can rely_on_you to sort it out.‎ 我相信你会把它解决好的。‎ ‎③You may rely_on_it_that she won't be late.‎ 你尽管放心，她不会迟到的。‎ ‎④Many people now would rely_on_surfing the Internet rather than read newspapers for news.‎ 现在很多人宁愿依靠上网浏览新闻也不愿读报纸。‎ ‎⑤[牛津高阶]We're looking for someone who is reliable_and_ hard-working.‎ 我们在物色可靠而又勤奋的人。‎ ‎2 break up 打碎；分裂；解体；结束；放假 The band broke up about 1970, but happily they reunited in the mid-1980s.(P34)‎ 乐队大约在 1970 年解散了，但令人高兴的是，他们在 80 年代中期又重组起来了。‎ 归纳拓展 break down 出故障；坏掉；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解 break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)‎ break into 强行闯入；突然……起来 break out(战争、火灾等)爆发；发生 break away from 脱离；挣脱 break through 突围；突破；冲垮；克服 break off 中断；折断 语境助记 ① ‎[2016·北京高考]Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break_up without warning.‎ 诺顿湾被冰层覆盖，而有时冰层会悄无声息地破裂。‎ ‎②What will happen to the children if Jim and Mary break_up?‎ 如果吉姆和玛丽离婚，孩子们怎么办呢？‎ ‎③Someone broke_in and took several computers.‎ 有人闯入屋内，偷走了几台电脑。‎ ‎④She broke_off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.‎ 她掰下一块巧克力给了我。‎ ‎⑤The biggest flood in recent years broke_out in July in Wuhan.‎ 武汉 7 月以来发生了近年来最大的洪水。‎ ‎⑥写出下列句子中 break up 的意思 a．—I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up.‎ ‎—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.分手 b．The meeting didn't break up until deep at night.结束 c．The police came running and broke up the crowd.驱散 d．When does the school break up for the summer holidays？放假 ‎⑦用 break 短语填空 a．We had our car broken_into last week when we got to the supermarket.‎ b．The people of the province wished to break_away and form a new state.‎ c. He broke_off in the middle of a sentence at the meeting yesterday.‎ d．Scientists think they are beginning to break_through in the fight against cancer.‎ ‎3 above all 最重要的是；首先 Above all, just have fun！(P40)‎ 最重要的是，一定要开心！‎ after all 毕竟；终究 all in all 整体说来；总而言之 in all 全部；合计 at all(否定句)一点也(不)；(疑问句)到底；究竟 first of all 首先 归纳拓展 above all 重在强调所列举内容在所有事物中的位置最为重要。 first of all，first 及 firstly 侧重于强调列举事物的顺序，用于举例时表示“首先，第一”。‎ 语境助记 ‎①To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, above_all,_honest.‎ 想要优秀，你必须聪明、自信，更重要的是诚实。‎ ‎②I found out that I have no artistic ability at_all.‎ 我发现我一点艺术能力也没有。‎ ‎③All_in_all,_every road leads to Rome, and I do believe hard work pays off.‎ 总之，条条大路通罗马，我坚信努力总会有回报。‎ ‎④Don't believe the advertisement. After_all,_it is the customers who pay for whatever you are given.‎ 不要相信广告。毕竟是羊毛出在羊身上，还是顾客买单。‎ ‎⑤First_of_all,_you should not have scolded the boy _at_all;_he is a child after_all. Above_all he made only two mistakes in_all.‎ 首先，你根本不该责备那个男孩，毕竟他还是个孩子；最重要的是，他总共只犯了两处错误。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 in addition to； attach...to...； rely on； be familiar with； sort out； above all； dream of； play tricks on； break up； to be honest ‎1．Every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and ________ what it would be like to live there.‎ 答案：dreaming of ‎2．[2016·厦门双十中学质检]________ these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.‎ 答案：In addition to ‎3．It is strongly recommended that the girl ________ with those boys, because they are addicted to drugs.‎ 答案：(should) break up ‎4．________， it doesn't make any sense to rent such an expensive house.‎ 答案：To be honest ‎5．As I ________ my accommodation, I heard a loud voice coming from the bay.‎ 答案：was sorting out ‎6．Experts insist that packets of cigarettes come with a health warning ________ them.‎ 答案：attached to ‎7．He is always honest and doesn't talk much. Never did it occur to me that he should ________ me at yesterday's party.‎ 答案：play tricks on ‎8．[2016·江南十校联考]We ________ the magazine; we like its content and style.‎ 答案：are familiar with ‎9．He must, ________， be skilled in sharing responsibility and setting ‎ tasks to others.‎ 答案：above all ‎10．Those who you can ________ at any time are true friends and they will always stand by you no matter what happens.‎ 答案：rely on ‎1 The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most_of_which was based loosely on the Beatles.(P34)‎ 组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。‎ 归纳拓展 most of which 是“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构引导定语从句。‎ 此类结构常见的有：‎ ‎(1)some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most...＋of_which/whom ‎(2)the＋n.＋îï of whichïü of whom ＝whose＋n.‎ 名师点睛 在以上结构中，注意使用关系代词与代词时的差异性。使用代词时，两句中间有连词；如两句中没有连词，且又指代前文中的名词，则用关系代词。‎ eg： Tom has written two novels， both of which have been made into movies.→Tom has written two novels， and both of them have been ‎ made into movies.‎ 语境助记 ‎①I have many foreign language books, most_of_which are world－famous works.‎ 我有许多外语书，其中大多数是世界名著。‎ ‎②English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each_of_which uses it differently.‎ 英语是一种被好几种不同的文化共同使用的语言，而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。‎ ‎③The books on the desk, the_covers_of_which are shiny, are prizes for us.‎ 桌上那些封面闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。‎ ‎2 Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.(P38)‎ 弗雷迪和他的乐队走到哪里都会有人跟随。‎ 归纳拓展 no t...without... 没有……就不能……，双重否定表肯定。‎ 常见否定结构表示肯定意义的还有：‎ cannot...too/enough... 越……越……；无论怎样……也不为过 cannot wait to_do sth. 迫不及待地做某事 cannot help doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事 语境助记 ‎①[2016·浙江高考]However, a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried_out.‎ 然而，一项计划如果不真正实施的话，是不会有结果的。‎ ‎②I could have never made so much progress without_your_help.‎ 如果没有你的帮助，我就不可能取得如此大的进步。‎ ‎③Hemingway wouldn't have written his famous novel AFarewelltoArmswithout_his_wartime_experience.‎ 海明威要是没有他的战争经历，不会写出著名小说《告别了，武器》。‎ ‎④You can't_be_too_careful while driving a car.‎ 你开车时再怎么小心也不为过。‎ ‎⑤Use your head and you will find nothing is impossible in the world.‎ 动动脑筋你就会发现世上无难事。‎ ‎⑥You can't leave the country without_a_passport.‎ 没有护照你就不能离开这个国家。‎ ‎⑦I can_hardly_wait_to hear the news.‎ 我迫不及待地想听到这个消息。‎ 过关演练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．In our class there are 46 students, but half of ________ wear glasses.‎ 答案：them 考查关系代词与代词的区别。该句中有连词 but，故填代词 them 指代 46 students。‎ ‎2．The down side of my celebrity is that I can not go anywhere in the world ________ being recognized.‎ 答案：without 考查“not...without...”双重否定结构。‎ ‎3．The trees ________(blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.‎ 答案：blown 考查分词作定语。blow 与 trees 之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。‎ ‎4．There are two buildings, the larger of ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.‎ 答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。从句中缺少介词宾语且指物，故填 which。‎ ‎5．Look, the chopstick partly in the glass looks as if it ________ (break)．‎ 答案：were broken 考查 as if 后的虚拟语气的情况。此处表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，be动词用 were，broken 是过去分词，作形容词，作表语。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．___________________________made their friendship worse and worse, and at last they had to part.(without)‎ 见面就吵架让他们的友谊越来越差，最终，他们不得不分开。‎ 答案：Never/Not meeting without quarrelling ‎2．Maria has written two novels, ________ have been made into ‎ television series.‎ 玛丽亚写了两部小说，都被拍成了电视剧。‎ 答案：both of which ‎3．Kitty is ____________________ for two hours.‎ 姬蒂真有耐心，等了我们两个小时。‎ 答案：patient enough to have waited for us ‎“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 基本构成 ‎“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，常用的介词有 in, for, to, with 等，关系代词则使用 which或 whom 而不能用 that。‎ 关系代词前的介词选用的原则 ‎“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的选用主要遵循以下三个原则。‎ ‎1．一先：根据先行词与介词的搭配关系选择介词。‎ In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing.‎ 我的房子前面有一棵树，上面有鸟儿正在唱歌。(in the tree 在树上)‎ ‎2．二谓：根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择介词。‎ In the dark street, there wasn't a single person, to whom she could turn for help.(turn to sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助)‎ 在漆黑的街上，她没有一个可以求助的人。‎ ‎3．三意义：根据先行词、定语从句中的谓语动词共同的搭配关系或者说句子的意思来选择介词。‎ Wang Hong, with whom I went to the concert, enjoyed herself very much.‎ 和我一起去音乐会的王红玩得非常高兴。(go to the concert with sb.与某人一起去音乐会)‎ 名师点睛 有些“动词＋介词”构成的短语动词，如 look for， look after， call on 等， 用在定语从句中作谓语动词时不可拆开，也就是说其中的介词不能置于关系代词之前。‎ He has a little daughter， who is looked after by her grandma.‎ 他有一个小女儿，由她的奶奶照顾着。,该句中的 look after 是不可拆开的短语动词，after 不可置于关系代词 who 之前。‎ 关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的互换 引导定语从句的关系副词常可以和“介词＋关系代词(which)”互换。‎ I often think of the moment, when/at which I saw the UFO.‎ 我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。‎ The police searched the house where/in which the thief had stayed.‎ 警察搜查了小偷待过的那个房子。‎ I don't know the reason why/for which the house is so dirty.‎ 我不知道这栋房子为什么这么脏。‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)。‎ ‎1．Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill ________ which school education depends.‎ 答案：on/upon 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句的用法。depend on/upon 为固定短语，意为“取决于；依靠”。‎ ‎2．He wrote a letter, ________ which he explained what had happened in the accident.‎ 答案：in 考查“介词＋关系代词”的用法。in the letter“在信中”。‎ ‎3．He hid himself behind the door, from ________ he still could see what would happen to his classmates.‎ 答案：where “考查介词＋where”的用法。根据语意可知，此处表示从门后面，表示方位“from behind the door”，介词短语表地点，应用 where 代替。‎ ‎4．The gentleman ________whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.‎ 答案：about 考查“介词＋关系代词”的用法。由 tell sb. about sth. 可知，此处应用 about。‎ ‎5．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.‎ 答案：whom 考查定语从句。从句中缺少介词的宾语，且先行词指人，故用 whom。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时 15′)‎ A It may seem to be a hard task to traceW1 back the history of rap music, though you often see the informal music associatedwithP1 highly informal dance style. As far as the originofrap music is concerned，most people agree that it is from Afro－American and Latino Street culture of New York City. Not only in this city but also in the surrounding areas there is the influence of African people and their culture. Rap is a vocal (口头的) style in which the performer speaks rhythmically and in thyme, generally to a beat. The term of rap music is the same with hip-hop music typically－consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap. If we see it carefully, then we will definitely notice that the music usually is sung at higher pitches (调). Most of the time rap music is associated with chorus. Though rap music was primarily an American music style with African influence over its music and lyrics, recently it has been spread to almost the entire world. There is hardly any country or nation where rap music cannot be seen in some form or another, and it is one of the most popular music styles among the youngsters. However, when it comes to its history, it is believed that hip－hop or rap music started in the early 1970s, and gained much popularity throughout the world during the late 1970s and early 1980s.The history of rap music and hip－hop music is full of controversies (争议) and bans, as the lyrics sometimes relate to drugs and crime; even most famous pop stars and hip－hop musicians and singers were found to be associated with the controversies in their ‎ life. For that reason, no matter how popular this music style was or still is, it has always had a bad reputation in the eyes of mainstream society.‎ 篇章导读：本文介绍了说唱音乐的发展过程及其现在的影响力。‎ ‎1．The passage is mainly about ________.‎ A．when rap music started B．how rap music develops C．what rap music is like D．why rap music is popular 答案：B'主旨大意题。从第一句“It may seem to be a hard task to trace back the history of rap music, though you often see the informal music associated with highly informal dance style.”及文章内容可知，本段文字主要介绍了说唱音乐的发展历史。‎ ‎2．The characteristics of rap music are ________.‎ A．solo, rhymes, beats and pops B． speaking, rhythms, beats and solo C．repeating, speaking, pops and chorus D． speaking, thymes, beats and chorus 答案：D'细节理解题。从第二段内容可知，说唱音乐主要特点是反复押韵、有节奏、合唱。‎ ‎3．Rap music is now one of the music styles mostly run after by________.‎ A．the teenagers in Africa B．all kinds of people in the world C．the youngsters all over the world D．the young people in the US 答案：C 细节理解题。从第三段中的“it is one of the most popular music styles among the youngsters”可知，答案为 C，即全世界的青年人都喜欢这种音乐形式。‎ ‎4．Rap music is often not well thought of by the mainstream because________.‎ A．it comes from the lower class B． it has a short history C．it is associated with crimes and drugs D． its music is full of controversies 答案：C 细节理解题。从最后一段第一句中的“as the lyrics sometimes relate to drugs and crime”可知，说唱音乐的歌词有时和毒品和犯罪有关，故不被主流社会所认同。‎ W重点单词 ‎1．trace vt. 追溯；查到；发现 2.beat n. 节奏；节拍 ‎3．primarily adv. 主要地；根本地 ‎4．mainstream adj. 主流的；主要的 n. 主流 P重点短语 ‎1．be associated with 与……有关 ‎2．as far as... concerned 就……而言 B ‎[2019·山东省德州市联考]Have you ever heard that we humans use only ten percent of our brains?This opinion holds a certain appealW1 because if it were true, then we could instantly become ten times more intelligent just by firing up that sleepy majority of the brain! The idea that we use only a small part of the brain dates back to animal experiments in the 19th century. When scientists stimulated (刺激) a specificW2 part of the brain, the animal moved its leg or tail.‎ If a tiny part of the brain could do something so great, what was the use of the rest of the brain? Some scientists assumedW3 that large parts of the brain were simply useless. Then, in the early 20th century, scientists observed that stimulating certain parts of the brain had no physical effects. They named these seemingly useless parts of the brain the “silent cortex”. Today we know that in humans, much of the “silent cortex” is actually devotedtoP2 complex activities like language, learning, and imagining.‎ Brain scans have shown that different parts of the brain become much more active as we shift (切换) our attention and focus, but even as we sleep, many areas of the brain are extremelyW4 active. Would you be smarter if your entire brain constantly worked to maximum capacity (能力)? Interestingly enough, the opposite is probably true. The less brain activity you need to perform a given task, the more the brain as a whole is able to do.‎ 篇章导读：本文属于科普说明文，科学研究发现人脑中有百分之九十没有被使用。如果我们把这部分的作用开发出来，我们会更加聪明。‎ ‎5．Why does the opinion mentioned in Paragraph 1 seem appealing?‎ A．People wish to become much smarter.‎ B．People believe it is scientific.‎ C．People know nothing about the brain.‎ D．People want to make little use of their brain.‎ 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...if it were true, then we could instantly become ten timesmore intelligent just by firing up that sleepy majority of the brain！”可知，如果这是真的，那么仅仅通过激活沉睡的大部分大脑，我们就会(比以前)聪明十倍。故选 A。‎ ‎6．What did scientists discover in their experiment in the 20th century?‎ A．The majority of the brain is sleeping.‎ B．Animals' legs and tails have some connection with their brain.‎ C．Stimulation on some parts of the brain causes no physical reaction.‎ D．Certain parts of the brain are devoted to language and learning activities.‎ 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，在 20 世纪初，科学家们观察到刺激大脑中的某些区域并没有身体反应。所以答案为 C。‎ ‎7．“Silent cortex” has proved to be ________.‎ A．sensitive to stimulation B．useful in complex activities C．responsible for physical reaction D．more active than the other parts of the brain 答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“Today we know that in humans, much of the„silent cortex‟ is actually devoted to complex activities”可知，答案为 B。‎ ‎8．If you need less brain activity to perform a task, ________.‎ A．you will feel sleepy B．you must shift your focus C．you can use your brain to the fullest D．you will be more productive 答案：D 推理判断题。根据第四段中最后一句“The less brain activity you need to perform a given task, the more the brain as a whole is able to do.”可知，我们完成一项任务所需要的大脑活动越少，整个大脑能做的事情也就越多。故选 D。‎ W重点单词 ‎1．appeal n．/v. 呼吁；吸引力；有吸引力 ‎2．specific adj. 具体的；特定的 ‎3．assume vt. 假定；认为 ‎4．extremely adv. 极度地 ‎5．opposite n．/adj./adv./prep. 相反；对面的；在对面地；在……对面 P重点短语 ‎1．date back (to) 追溯到 ‎2．be devoted to 忠于；致力于……‎ Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时 8′)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎[2019·海淀区模拟]‎ Do Actions Speak Louder than Words?‎ Our society is fast paced. We are all rushing from one place to the next, blowing our horn at slow drivers who may be singing songs in the car with their children or pointing out some interesting sights. We don't have time for that silliness today. But we try to say to ourselves that we will make time for fun tomorrow. It is time to take a few deep breaths and think about our actions and our words. __1__‎ Have you ever really thought about the saying “Actions speak louder than words”？ Think about it now. If you say one thing and act in an opposite way, will the words be ignored and just the actions remembered? I don't think so. __2__ It is also equally important to use words to show appreciation, love, approval and happiness and then follow those words with a hug, pat on the back or smile.‎ ‎__3__ What about the saying? True? Yes! Words carry a lot of weight and will be remembered for years especially when they are written down.‎ ‎ Mean words can hurt for that moment and for a lifetime. I am sure that each of us remembers a time when a friend made an unkind comment. __4__ Let's not be a member of that “club”. When was the last time that you hid a love note in a lunch box or in your mate's coat pocket? If you want to see a bright smile, that will do it! The power of this written note will be remembered for many days, even years. “I can live for two months on a good compliment (夸奖)”， said Mark Twain. Children grow stronger when they feel appreciated and understood. __5__ A perfect way to turn a bad day around is to praise your child. “I noticed that your hair looked very nice today.” “Did you hang your coat up all by yourself？” It is amazing how those few words can change a child's outlook... almost immediately. Don't stop there...One of my sisters ended a phone conversation with three words—“I love you”！ Boy, that put a spring in my step!Mark Twain is right. I still feel the positive effect of those three little but very powerful words.‎ A．The pen is more powerful than the sword.‎ B．Is it really reasonable to do something like that?‎ C．Do they display the attitude that we want to convey?‎ D．It is important to have your words match your actions.‎ E．Behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows his image.‎ F．Those words did lasting damage to you, the relationship or both.‎ G．Don't be afraid to show your child with encouraging words all day ‎ long.‎ 篇章导读：作者通过结合日常生活对“事实胜于雄辩”进行了新的阐释：“说”在我们的生活中也起着举足轻重的作用。‎ ‎1．C 本题为“段尾空”，需关注上文前句。根据上文说我们该思考我们的行动和语言了，那么接下来应该是提出问题。因此选择 C。‎ ‎2．D 本题为“段中空”，需关注空前后句。空前句说作者认为当言行不一致时，不应该只重视行动而忽视语言。空后句说语言的表达是同等重要的。那么该空的对象应该是行动和语言二者。七个选项中，只有 D 可以满足这一条件，而且下文说在语言之后要跟着拥抱等行动，所以语言和行动应该匹配。因此选择 D。‎ ‎3．A 本题为“段首空”，需关注后句。根据下句的 the saying 可知，设空句为一句有含义的说法。可能的选项有 A(强调笔)，E(强调行动)，G(强调鼓励孩子)。根据下文强调 words 的重要性，以及“especially when they are written down”，可知 A 选项关键词 pen 和 powerful 最为符合。故选 A。‎ ‎4．F 本题为“段中空”，需关注本空前后句内容。前句说当朋友们说一些不友善的言论时我们会 记一阵子，后句说“let's not be”，由此可知该空填的应该是不好的事情。符合负责任的态度的选项有 B(强调 do something)和 F(强调 those words), 因为上文是 unkind comment。故选 F。‎ ‎5．G 本题为“段中空”‎ ‎，需关注本句前后句内容。前一句强调孩子们在受到欣赏和理解后会更 加强大。后一句说一个很好的方法是表扬孩子。所以此空仍然应该是有关激励孩子的信息。故本题选G。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时 8′)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2019·山西四校联考]Breakfast has been called the most important meal of the day. While every meal counts, the facts are on the table: Eating in the morning __1__ (have) positive effects on health and on kids' ability __2__ (learn)．What's the nutritious breakfast? A meal consisting of foods from at least two of the five food groups is the __3__ (healthy), but the truth is __4__ a bite of nearly any food in the morning is better than none, especially when it comes to kids. It's a good idea to get your child __5__ the habit of eating breakfast before he begins kindergarten. That's because teenagers __6__ eat breakfast tend to behave better in school. Hunger makes it harder to keep your mind __7__ (focus) on learning, no matter what your age. In fact, studies show breakfast skippers are often more bad－tempered and have __8__ (short) attention. When you forget eating in the morning, blood glucose (血糖) drops. Glucose is the fuel your cells need to function, so brain cells become particularly lazy when glucose concentrations (浓度) are insufficient. Without adequate __9__ (energetic), young minds get gray, blocking concentration and memory. Without the ‎ morning meal, kids are hard－pressed to meet daily nutrient needs, too.You are probably pressed for time in the morning, and __10__ are your children.‎ ‎1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________‎ ‎5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________‎ ‎9．________ 10.________‎ 篇章导读：本文介绍的是早餐是三餐中最重要的，以及孩子们吃早餐的好处。‎ ‎1．has 考查主谓一致。句子主语是动名词短语，且全文使用一般现在时，故用 has。‎ ‎2．to learn 考查非谓语动词作定语。ability 后应用不定式作定语。‎ ‎3．healthiest 考查形容词的最高级。根据“of the five food groups”以及 the 可确定用最高级。‎ ‎4．that 考查表语从句。从句中主系表成份齐全，句意完整，故用 that。‎ ‎5．into 考查固定搭配。get sb. into the habit of (doing) sth.意为“使某人养成(做)某事的习惯”。‎ ‎6．who/that 考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，且指人，故用 that/who 均可。‎ ‎7．focused 考查非谓语动词作宾补。“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，且 mind 与 focus 之间为被动关系。‎ ‎8．shorter 考查形容词的比较级。and 前是“more bad－tempered”‎ ‎，故用比较级。‎ ‎9．energy 考查词性转换。前面是形容词应修饰名词，故填 energy。‎ ‎10．so 考查固定句式。“so＋助动词＋主语”表示与上文所提到的情况相同。‎ Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时 21′)‎ ‎[2019·洛阳统考]假定你是李华，得知你的美国笔友 Eric 获得了“汉语桥”世界大学生中文演讲比赛 一等奖。你为他感到骄傲，并给他写一封祝贺信，要点如下：‎ ‎1．表示祝贺；2.分享快乐；3.寄予希望。‎ 注意：1.词数 100 左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头语和结束语已为你写好。‎ Dear Eric，‎ I am writing to offer my sincerest congratulations to you on your receiving the first prize of “Chinese Bridge” Chinese speech contest.‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_______________________________________‎ Yours，‎ 第 122 页 共 122 页 Li Hua ‎[标准范文]‎ Dear_Eric，‎ I_am_writing_to_offer_my_sincerest_congratulations_to_you_on_your_receiving_the_first_prize_of_“Chinese_Bridge”_Chinese_speech_contest. I know you have worked very hard in the past years, which is a reward you richly deserve. I just want you to know how lucky I am to be able to share your pride and how pleased I am at your success.‎ I am sure you will make greater progress in your study and obtain a bright future in your life. At last, I hope to see you and communicate with each other soon.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua