【英语】2018届人教版必修5一轮复习：Unit5　Firstaid单元学案设计(22页含详细解释) 30页

‎2018届人教版必修5一轮复习：Unit 5　First aid单元学案设计 单元话题写作　第一层级——背词汇、学写句，让作文有话可说 一、背词汇 ‎[常用词汇]‎ ‎(1)regulation n．　　　　 规章 ‎(2)dormitory n. 宿舍 ‎(3)determination n. 决心 ‎(4)destination n. 目的地 ‎(5)board v. 寄宿 ‎(6)achieve v. 达到目的 ‎(7)compete v. 竞争 ‎(8)encourage v. 鼓励 ‎(9)promote v. 促进 ‎(10)struggle v．　　　　 奋斗；努力 ‎(11)energetic adj. 精力充沛的 ‎(12)constant adj. 不变的 ‎(13)tough adj. 艰苦的 ‎(14)despite prep. 尽管 ‎(15)head for 前往 ‎(16)give up 放弃 ‎[亮点词汇]‎ ‎(1)convenience n. 方便 ‎(2)distinguish v．　　　　 使表现突出 ‎(3)motivate v. 激励 ‎(4)compulsory adj. 强迫的 ‎(5)harmonious adj. 和谐的 ‎(6)a variety of 各种各样的 ‎(7)feel relieved 宽心 ‎(8)get along with 与……相处 ‎(9)be addicted to 沉迷于……‎ ‎(10)in high spirits 兴高采烈地 二、学写句(按要求完成句子并背诵)‎ 只有用这种方法我们才能过一个和谐的学校生活。‎ 英语角让我有机会凭借说一口流利的英语而扬名。‎ 改写句子 变换句式 In this way we can lead a harmonious ‎ school life. (使用倒装句改写句子)‎ The English corner gives me a chance to make myself known by speaking English fluently.‎ Only in this way can we lead a ‎ harmonious school life.‎ The English corner gives me a chance to distinguish_myself_by speaking English fluently.‎ 单元知识课前热身 ‎　‎ ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．Having a fever is one of the symptoms (征兆) that you have when you get a cold.‎ ‎2．My sister tries to squeeze (挤) her feet into shoes that are too small.‎ ‎3．You might want to consider temporary (临时的) work until you decide what you want to do.‎ ‎4．I felt as if there was a weight on my chest, choking (使窒息) me.‎ ‎5．Poor health and lack of money may both be barriers (障碍) to educational progress.‎ ‎6．With unemployment rising, financial aid (帮助) administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs.‎ ‎7．The complex (复杂的) operating systems of computer are difficult for some aged people who lack knowledge about computer.‎ ‎8．If Jennifer gets any worse, we must phone for a(n) ambulance (救护车)．‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Let’s go out. The smell in the room is almost unbearable (bear)．‎ ‎2．Mrs. Smith cried just now and her eyes were watery and swollen (swell)．‎ ‎3．The woman shouted to the shopkeeper, who answered her mildly (mild)．‎ ‎4．In Africa you must be careful of snakes because some of them are poisonous (poison)．‎ ‎5．When Susan fell off her bicycle, her only injury (injure) was her ankle.‎ ‎6．The policemen showed great bravery (brave) in face of danger.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．He treated himself to a long holiday before he received a special treatment for his nose. (treat)‎ ‎2．Liu Li is a new graduate from Shandong University. She applied to a big company for a post last week. The interviewer said her application was the best among all the applicants.(apply)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．first_aid　　　　　　　 (对伤患者的)急救 ‎2．fall_ill 生病 ‎3．make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 ‎4．squeeze_out 榨出；挤出 ‎5．over_and_over_again 反复；多次 ‎6．in_place 在适当的位置；适当 ‎7．prevent_...from_... 阻止……‎ ‎8．put_one’s_hands_on 找到 ‎9．take_off 起飞；走红；请假 ‎10．act_as 担任 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．I’ve told you over_and_over_again not to do that but you won’t listen.‎ ‎2．Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent this kind of disease from spreading.‎ ‎3．Living in a polluted environment, people may fall_ill easily.‎ ‎4．He always donates money to a poor village school, which makes_a_difference to the children there who can go on receiving education.‎ ‎5．You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to put the book in_place.‎ ‎6．My writing career took_off when I discovered my own style.‎ ‎7．We took a trip to Beijing last week and my cousin acted_as our guide.‎ ‎8．They have been squeezed_out of the job market by young people.‎ ‎1．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.‎ 除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ ‎[解读]　unless“假如不；除非”，引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎[仿写]　除非你尝试一下，否则你无法想象它是多么令人愉快。‎ Unless_you_have_tried_it,_you can’t imagine how pleasant it is.‎ ‎2．John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫。‎ ‎[解读]　be doing ...when ...“正在做……这时……”。‎ ‎[仿写]　她正走在大街上，这时她听到有人叫她。‎ She was_walking along the street when she heard someone calling her.‎ ‎3．There is no doubt that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。‎ ‎[解读]　There’s no doubt that ...“毫无疑问……”。‎ ‎[仿写]　毋庸置疑，全球变暖对我们所有人的安全都是一个威胁。‎ There_is_no_doubt_that global warming is a security threat to us all.‎ 单元分板块学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．aid n．& vt.帮助；援助；资助 ‎[经典例句]　Foreign aid from many countries poured into the famine area.(朗文P44)‎ 来自许多国家的外国援助纷纷到达饥荒地区。‎ ‎(1)give/do first aid to sb.　　 对某人进行急救 come to one’s aid 帮助某人 in aid of 为了援助 ‎(2)aid sb.in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面帮助某人 aid sb.with sth. 以某事/物帮助某人 aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ‎①She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not come to her aid.(湖北高考完形填空)‎ 如果那些好心人不来帮助她，她相信这个故事会有不同的结局。‎ ‎②We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes.‎ 我们正在筹集资金来帮助失去家园的灾民。‎ ‎2．vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎[教材原句]　If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.‎ 如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。‎ be vital to/for　　　　　 ……是至关重要的 It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要 It is vital that ... (should) do sth.‎ ‎ ……是十分重要的(从句用虚拟语气， should可以省略)‎ ‎①Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.‎ 对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。‎ ‎②As far as I’m concerned, it is vital to keep accurate records.‎ 就我个人而言，做好准确的记录非常重要。‎ ‎③It’s_vital_that we should never lower safety standards as life is the most important in the world.‎ 我们绝不能降低安全标准，这是至关重要的，因为在世界上生命是最宝贵的。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2012·安徽高考)Interest is as ________ to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.‎ A．vital　　　　　　　　　 B．available C．specific D．similar 解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于学习来说，兴趣如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。be vital to ...“对……极其重要”。根据句意可知，应用vital。 ‎ ‎3．treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待 ‎[高考佳句]　All visitors to this village were treated with kindness.(2011·四川高考单项填空)‎ 所有到达这个村庄的游客都受到了友好的招待。‎ ‎(1)treat sb. like/as ...　　　　 把某人当……看待 treat sth. seriously 认真对待某事/物 treat sb./oneself to 用……款待某人/自己 ‎(2)It’s my treat. 我请客。‎ ‎①Treat others in the way you want to be treated.‎ 己所不欲，勿施于人。‎ ‎②Drink driving should be_treated_as a crime regardless of whether the driver causes a crash.‎ 酒后驾驶应该被以犯罪对待，不管司机是否发生碰撞。‎ ‎③We are treating Mom to dinner for her birthday.‎ 因为妈妈过生日，我们打算请她吃晚餐。‎ ‎④Let’s go out for lunch after work — it’s_my_treat.‎ 下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐吧——我请客。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　treat, cure 试一试　选择上述单词填空 ‎⑤The doctors spent a month treating her, and at last she was cured.‎ 辨一辨 treat 指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思。侧重过程。常用于 treat ‎ sb. for sth. 结构中 cure 指“治愈、治好”疾病，也可指消除痛苦，除掉恶习、弊端、嗜好等，侧重结果。常用于cure sb. of sth. 结构中 ‎4．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效 ‎ ‎[高考佳句]　He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.(2013·山东高考阅读A)‎ 他心地善良，但他总是害怕找一份新工作。‎ ‎(1)apply ... to ... 　　　　　 把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于 apply to ... 适应……‎ apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请……‎ ‎(2)applicant n. 申请人 application n. 申请；申请书；适用 ‎①Students should apply themselves to their study.‎ ‎ 学生们应该专心致志地学习。‎ ‎②In order to increase people’s awareness of protecting polar bears, I apply for the spokesman for polar bears sincerely.(2011·重庆高考书面表达)‎ 为了增强人们保护北极熊的意识，我真诚地申请做北极熊的代言人。‎ ‎③The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)‎ 美术馆每天上午10点至下午6点(周五上午10点至晚上9点)免费开放，但是对于一些特殊的展览需要收费。‎ ‎④She applied_to the international school for a job as an English teacher.‎ 她向这所国际学校应聘英语教师的职位。‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．injury n．损伤；伤害；伤 do an injury to ... 对……造成伤害 Falling off the bike did an injury to his left leg.‎ 从自行车上掉下来伤到了他的左腿。‎ ‎2．poison n．毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒 poisonous adj. 有毒的 Gases from cars are poisoning the air of our cities.‎ 汽车放出的废气在污染我们城市的空气。‎ ‎3．pour vt. & vi.灌；倒；注；倾泻；蜂拥而来；大量投入资金 n．倾泻 The fans poured out of the stadium cheering wildly.‎ 体育爱好者们欣喜若狂地从体育场中蜂拥而出。‎ ‎—————————————————————————————‎ ‎………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 请根据提示写出除vital之外以“al”为后缀的形容词 ‎1．historical adj.　　　　　历史的 ‎2．digital adj. 数码的 ‎3．electrical adj. 用电的；与电有关的 ‎4．equal adj. 相等的；平等的 ‎5．physical adj. 身体的 ‎6．mental adj. 精神的 ‎—————————————————————————————‎ ‎ [单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·湖北省鄂州质检)Translation is a rather difficult task.It is ________ to keep the beauty of the original language during translation.‎ A．vital B．optional C．sensible D．incredible 解析：选A　考查形容词辨析。vital“至关重要的”；optional“可选择的”；sensible“明智的”；incredible“难以置信的”。由语境可知，在翻译过程中，要保留原始语言的优美是至关重要的。故A项正确。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北八校一联)An experienced doctor usually judges a patient’s illness according to the various ________. ‎ A．signs B．symptoms C．signals D．marks 解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。sign“信号；暗号”；symptom “症状；征候；征兆”；signal“预兆；征象；信号”；mark“印；记号；符号”。‎ ‎3．(2014·湖北七市联考)Emails, though ________ exposed to misleading information, are considered far more convenient than traditional letters.‎ A．occasionally B．firmly C．originally D．tightly 解析：选A　句意：电子邮件，虽然有时受到误导信息的影响，但被认为远比传统信件方便得多。occasionally“偶尔；有时候”；firmly“坚固地”；originally“原始地；新颖地”；tightly“紧地；牢牢地”。‎ ‎4．Millions of people are still homeless. Besides, there isn’t the most basic ________ from the Red Cross.‎ A．medicine B．equipment C．aid D．material 解析：选C　句意：数百万人仍然无家可归，此外，连来自红十字会的最基本的救助都没有。aid“帮助；援助”，符合句意。medicine“医药；医学”；equipment“设备”；material“‎ 材料”。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．treat面面观 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①Treating_us_as/like honored guests, he treated us to a big dinner.(treat)‎ 他把我们当作尊贵的客人，用丰盛的晚餐招待我们。‎ ‎②The project is over and I am (going)_to_treat_myself_to the Champions League Final match on TV this Saturday.(treat)‎ 工程结束了，我将在这个周六好好犒劳一下自己，看一场冠军联赛决赛的现场直播。‎ ‎(2)Although her relatives didn’t think she could live for three months, the old doctor finally ________ her of her disease.‎ A．cured B．operated C．treated D．served 解析：选A　cure sb. of a disease“治愈某人某病”；treat sb. for a disease“治疗某人某病”。故选A。‎ ‎2．apply点点练 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①Now a lot of new technology can_be_applied_to_solving problems in industry.(apply)‎ 现在大量的新技术能够被应用于解决工业问题。‎ ‎②Apply_yourself_to the job in hand, and you'll soon finish it.(apply)‎ 尽全力做手头的工作，你很快就会完成。‎ ‎(2)(2014·天门质检)On completing the courses, the teacher will have earned the qualification to ________ a teaching license in Thailand.‎ A．apply for B．take over C．pick out D．work out 解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：完成课程，老师就获得了资质，可以申请在泰国教学的资格证了。apply for“申请”，符合句意。take over“接管”；pick out “挑出；辨别出”；work out“制定出；计算出”。‎ ‎(3)What I should do is that cleaning the wound and ________ the medicine to it.‎ A．expose B．devote C．apply D．attend 解析：选C　句意：我应该做的是清理伤口，把药涂在上面。apply ...to ...“把……涂到……上”。‎ ‎1．in place在适当的位置；适当 ‎ ‎[经典例句]　All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.(牛津P1507)‎ 他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。‎ ‎(1)out of place　　　　　　　 不在适当位置；不合适 in place of 代替；取代 in the first place 首先；第一点 ‎(2)take place 发生 take one’s place 就座；代替 take the place of 代替；取代 ‎①Don’t take anything away. Father likes everything to be in place.‎ 不要拿走任何东西，父亲喜欢所有的东西都井井有条。‎ ‎②The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in place of meat which might be harmful to her heart.(2014·福建省普通高中质量检查)‎ 医生建议她多吃豆类食品来代替可能对她的心脏有害的肉类。‎ ‎③In_the_first_place,_he has all the qualifications for the job.‎ 首先，他具备做这份工作的全部资格。‎ ‎④The manager will be away on business and I’ll take his place/take the place of him during his absence.‎ 经理将要出差，他不在时我将代替他。‎ ‎2．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 ‎[教材原句]　It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.‎ 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ make some/no difference (to ...)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 　　 (对……)有/没作用或影响 tell the difference (between ... and ...)‎ ‎ 辨别/区分(……与……)‎ ‎①It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.‎ 重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。‎ ‎②Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not.‎ 你能否得到这个工作与年龄无关。‎ ‎③What you have said will make_no_difference_to the naughty boy.‎ 你所说的不会对这个淘气孩子起什么作用的。‎ ‎④The twins are so alike; it’s difficult to tell the difference.‎ 这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分辨出来。‎ ‎[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．A_number_of guests who came from home and abroad attended Shanghai Expo.‎ ‎2．All the doctors hope that the new medicine could make_a_difference to the cancer.‎ ‎3．He failed many times, but he had the patience to do it over_and_over_again.‎ ‎4．I hope you left all the books in the library in_place.‎ ‎5．The sudden change in weather often causes people to fall_ill.‎ ‎6．Her career took_off after she played a leading role in the new movie.‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·襄阳四中月考)Sara went to Africa as a volunteer in order to make a ________ to the life of the children there.‎ A．sense B．difference C．promise D．point 解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名志愿者萨拉去了非洲，为的是使那儿的孩子的生活有所改变。make a difference“有影响；起重要作用”；sense“感觉”；promise“诺言”；point“要点”。‎ ‎2．(2014·天门模拟)With all the arrangements ________ for my parents’ visit, I rang to confirm their time of arrival.‎ A．in sight B．in return C．in vain D．in place 解析：选D　考查介词短语辨析。句意：我父母来访的所有准备都已就绪，我便打电话给他们确认他们到达的时间。in sight“在视野范围内；看得见”；in return“作为回报”；in vain“徒劳”；in place“准备就绪”。由此可知，D符合语境。‎ ‎1．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. ‎ 除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ unless是连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if ...not ...引导的否定状语从句互换。 ‎ ‎①We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.‎ 除非下雨或天很冷，否则我们将在本周日去公园野餐。‎ ‎②It is known to all that unless_you_exercise_regularly,_you won’t keep fit.‎ 众所周知，除非你经常锻炼，否则身体不会健康。‎ ‎2．John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming.‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫。‎ be doing ...when ...“正在做……这时突然……”，when 为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。‎ ‎①We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.‎ 我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。‎ be about to do ...when ... 正要做……这时(突然)……‎ be (just) going to do ...when ...‎ ‎ 正要做……这时(突然)……‎ be on the point of doing ...when ...‎ ‎ 正要做……这时(突然)……‎ had just done ...when ... 刚做了……这时(突然)……‎ ‎②—Good morning, Susan. What’s wrong?‎ ‎—I was riding my bike this morning when I hurt my arm.(2014·江西上饶市一模)‎ ‎——早上好，Susan.你怎么了？‎ ‎——今天早晨我骑自行车时，(意外)伤着了胳膊。‎ ‎③Lily was about to study when someone knocked at the door. ‎ 莉莉正要学习，这时有人敲门。‎ ‎④The professor had_just_finished_his_speech_when students rushed out of the classroom.‎ 教授刚结束了演讲，学生们冲出了教室。‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武汉市部分学校新高三起点调研测试)She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out when_she_heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.(hear)‎ 她猛地睁开眼睛，刚要哭，这时她听到父亲急忙告诉她要保持安静。‎ ‎2．(2014·黄冈市高三期末)Misunderstandings arising from lack of social communication, unless handled_properly,_may lead to serious problems.(handle)‎ 因缺少社会沟通而产生的误解，如果不妥善处理，很可能会导致严重的问题。‎ ‎3．The little boy won't go to sleep unless his_mother_tells_him_a_story.(tell)‎ 这个小男孩不去睡觉，除非他妈妈给他讲个故事。‎ ‎4．She was_practising_surfing_when a shark struck her, biting off her left arm.(practise)‎ 她正在练习冲浪，这时突然一条鲨鱼袭击她，咬掉了她的左臂。‎ ‎5．The thief was_on_the_point_of picking the old woman's pocket when there came the whistle and he was scared off.(point)‎ 小偷正准备偷那个老太太的钱包时突然听到警笛声，吓得跑了。‎ 省略 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·荆州调研)The reform of College Entrance Examination will begin with English, whose result is not as satisfying_as_(it_was)_expected.(expect)‎ 高考改革将从英语开始，其结果也不像预期的那样令人满意。‎ ‎2．(2014·武汉市部分学校新高三起点调研测试)A person, when_(he_is)_challenged,_can often do what is normally beyond his ability.(challenge)‎ 当一个人遇到挑战时，他往往能做超越他能力的事情。‎ ‎3．(2014·武昌调研)Though_(they_are)_warned_of danger, sightseers have been flocking to the site where the world's biggest terrorist Bin Laden lived.(warn)‎ 虽然被警告有危险，但观光者一直涌向世界上最大的恐怖分子本·拉登居住的地方。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北省部分重点中学一联)His mother could do nothing but wait_for_the_doctor to arrive.(wait)‎ 他妈妈没有办法，只好等医生到来。‎ ‎5．The other day while (she_was)_walking_her/the_dog in the park, she noticed an advertisement for photography lessons.(walk)‎ 前几天，在公园遛狗时，她注意到了一份学摄影的招生广告。‎ 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·湖北黄冈统一调研)The importance of trees and grasses lies in that they can not only help hold the good soil ________ but also purify (净化) the polluted air.‎ A．in need　　　　　　　　　　 B．in place C．in turn D．in store 解析：选B　考查介词短语辨析。句意：树木和草的重要性在于它们不仅有助于保持好的土壤不流失，而且还能净化被污染的空气。in place“在正确的位置”，符合句意。in need“需要”；in turn“依次；轮流”；in store“将要发生”。‎ ‎2．(2014·武汉市武昌区高三联考)When ________ a job, you should highlight your experience and skills.‎ A．accounting for B．interviewing for C．applying for D．searching for 解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：求职时，你应该突出你的经验和技能。根据句意可知，applying for“申请”正确。account for“解释；说明”；interview for“为……面试”；search for“搜索”。‎ ‎3．—Don’t put so much ________ on the children. It’s harmful to their health.‎ ‎—OK, I won’t.‎ A．pressure B．strength C．power D．attention 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。put pressure on为固定搭配，意为“给……施加压力”。前句句意：不要给孩子们施加太多压力，这有害于他们的健康。‎ ‎4．(2014·孝感质检)Although home treatment may provide ________ relief from a sore throat, the disease can only be cured with medications.‎ A．present B．permanent C．temporary D．apparent 解析：选C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然家庭治疗可能会暂时缓解咽喉肿痛，但这种疾病只有通过药物才能治愈。temporary“暂时的”，符合句意。present“现存的；当前的”；permanent“永久的”；apparent“貌似的；表面上的”。‎ ‎5．In order to be a strong partner with the AsiaPacific region, American President Obama thinks it is absolutely ________ to have a strong relationship with China.‎ A．vital B．potential C．specific D．awkward 解析：选A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了成为亚太地区强大的合作伙伴，美国总统奥巴马认为与中国建立强有力的关系是绝对重要的。根据句意可知应选vital，意为“对……极重要的”。potential“可能的；潜在的”；specific“特定的”；awkward“难对付的；令人尴尬的”。‎ ‎6．(2014·襄阳调研)The Japanese government’s socalled purchase of the Diaoyu Islands will inevitably have a(n) ______ impact on ChinaJapan economic and trade ties.‎ A．effective B．complex C．negative D．unbearable 解析：选C　句意：日本政府所谓的购买钓鱼岛必然会对中日经贸关系产生负面影响。negative“否定的；消极的；负面的”；effective“有效的；生效的”；complex“复杂的”‎ ‎；unbearable“难以忍受的”。‎ ‎7．(2014·孝感市高三模拟)Your casual clothes were not ________ for such a formal occasion. You’d better get changed.‎ A．aggressive B．appropriate C．temporary D．permanent 解析：选B　考查形容词词义辨析。aggressive“侵略的；侵犯的”；appropriate“适当的；合适的”；temporary“暂时的；临时的”；permanent“永久的；不变的”。由句意可知B项正确。‎ ‎8．(2014·武汉中学高三质检)More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great ________ of goods.‎ A．variety B．mixture C．extension D．combination 解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人选择到超市购物，因为那里有各种各样的货物。a great variety of“多种多样的”，符合句意。mixture“混合”；extension“扩展”；combination“结合”。‎ ‎9．(2014·鄂州市高三模拟)You have to be very exact in this job, because a small mistake can make a big ________.‎ A．similarity B．explanation C．instruction D．difference 解析：选D　句意：你做这项工作必须十分严谨，因为失之毫厘，谬以千里。make a big difference“产生很大影响”，符合语境。similarity“类似；相似”；explanation“解释；说明”；instruction“命令；指示”。‎ ‎10．They have earned lots of money, so I ________ believe that the business is a success.‎ A．mildly B．firmly C．actively D．tightly 解析：选B　从They have earned lots of money可知，“我”坚信(firmly ‎ believe)生意是成功的。mildly “温和地；轻微地”； actively “积极地；活跃地”； tightly “紧紧地”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·荆州调研)Little Tom got burned while he was setting off fireworks, being_treated in hospital now.(treat)‎ 小汤姆在放烟火时被烧伤了，现在正在医院救治。‎ ‎2．I donated $10,000 to the girl, which_aided_her_in continuing her study.(aid)‎ 我捐给了那个女孩10 000美元，帮助她继续她的学业。‎ ‎3．(2014·湖北八校一联)The number of people infected with AIDS could reach 10 million by 2020_unless__effective_measures_are_taken to prevent the spread of the disease.(measure)‎ 除非采取有效措施来阻止疾病的传播，不然，到2020年感染艾滋病的人数会高达一千万。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北省八校联考)The two men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when_they_were_thrown violently into the sea.(throw)‎ 那两人还没来得及意识到发生什么时，就被猛烈地抛进了大海。‎ ‎5．(2014·武汉市高三训练)People have_been_receiving financial aid since they lost their homes, jobs and businesses to the storm last month.(receive)‎ 自从在上个月的暴风雨中失去了家园、工作和公司，(灾区的)人们一直在接受资金援助。‎ ‎6._Applying_himself_to_doing his research, he took no notice of what was going on outside.(apply)‎ 专心做他的研究，他不知道外界发生的事。‎ ‎7．Falling_ill_with_a_high_fever,_she had to take a few days off.(fall)‎ 她发高烧病倒了，所以不得不请几天假。‎ ‎8．It is known to us that reading is of_vital_importance in language learning.(vital)‎ 众所周知，阅读在语言学习中至关重要。‎ ‎9．Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when_(it_is)_exposed_to sunlight.(expose)‎ 当你处理这种化学药品时要小心，因为当它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。‎ ‎10．I have to apologize to you for_pouring_coffee_into_your_cup by mistake.(pour)‎ 我得向你道歉，我错把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 A ‎(2014·荆州质检)Depression (抑郁症) is a serious problem today.Depression causes workers to be unproductive, causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars.One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread, costly and deadly”．Depression hits one person in five around the world.‎ Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated, studies show that depression is a problem among everyone.Over any sixmonth period, between five to seven percent of the world’s population will be suffering from a serious depression.Suicide rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme, or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large, and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks.People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping, getting up on time, and doing work productively.‎ Depression, which researchers agree has its origin in the genes, brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate — making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently.‎ Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese’s inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides, there is no good treatment, with few specialists available.“Most patients in China just don’t get help，” a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital, I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning, just have time to say ’Hello, how do you feel？’”‎ In Western countries, people are not afraid to admit that they have depression, but most do not tell it to their boss, because they fear that they will be stricken_off_the_rolls.“In my experience, aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it.Because they feel the most secure about themselves，” an American doctor says.‎ Hopefully, in the near future, people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普类说明文。抑郁症已经成为威胁人们正常生活和工作的一个重要的疾病形式，人们应正确地面对抑郁症。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.‎ B．Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.‎ C．Depression is a commonlyexisting problem only in rich countries.‎ D．The poorer and the less educated a person is, the less he will suffer from depression.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“People ... work productively.”可知，答案B符合文意。‎ ‎2．Depression becomes more serious in China because of ________.‎ A．the understanding of the problem B．the lack of treatment and doctors C．their unwillingness to tell it to their boss D．the doctors’ careless work 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句和第三句“Besides, there is no good treatment, with few specialists available.”可知，抑郁症在中国更严重一方面是因为人们不能正视这个事实，另一方面是由于缺少专家和较好的治疗。故答案B符合文意。‎ ‎3．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.‎ B．The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed.‎ C．More and more patients will turn to specialists for help.‎ D．Western people are braver than Chinese people.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Hopefully ... right treatment.”可推知，将会有越来越多的人向专家求助，故答案C正确。‎ ‎4．What does the underlined words in the 5th paragraph mean?‎ A．Hired.　　　　　　　　　 B．Dismissed.‎ C．Promoted. D．Recommended.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据对文章第三段的整体理解可以推知，员工一旦把自己抑郁的情况告诉老板，老板有可能会由于抑郁能使人没有自信或不能够集中工作而辞退员工。故stricken off the rolls与dismissed的意思最为接近。故选B项。‎ B ‎(2014·武汉高三供题)Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard, they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional wellbeing — and it’s no surprise to health care professionals.‎ ‎“Rest, relaxation, and stress reduction are very important for people’s wellbeing and health.This can be accomplished through daily activities, such as exercise and meditation, but vacation is an important part of this as well，” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York.Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing, so a rested, relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better，” said Withers.‎ Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on one’s mental health is great，” said Francine Lederer, a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation, even if it is a 24hour timeout.” The trips could be good for their health, good for their family and good for their businesses.‎ The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010, and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days — but only used 14 of them.France topped the list, with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them.Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued, but that’s not always good for the individual, the family or the employer.‎ Psychologists have also found that people who don’t take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this, the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker, making it actually more difficult to ‎ shift into lessstressed states，” Mulhern said.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的好处。‎ ‎5．According to Natasha Withers, vacations can ________.‎ A．weaken reaction system B．cure serious diseases C．reduce the level of wellbeing D．decrease the risk of heart disease 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Rest ... and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，度假对人们的身体健康很重要。故选D。‎ ‎6．Expedia’s survey shows that Americans ________.‎ A．dislike family gatherings B．have the shortest vacation C．enjoy as many vacations as the French D．think much of spending long hours on the job 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“Americans’ responses ... are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。故选D。‎ ‎7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．One should never wait to relax.‎ B．Work and rest go against each other.‎ C．Time and opportunity wait for no man.‎ D．A relaxed mind determines everything.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知选A项“我们要及时休息”。‎ ‎8．What is mainly talked about in the text?‎ A．Ways to relax in one’s free time.‎ B．The benefits of taking time off.‎ C．Different opinions on holidays.‎ D．The Hostetlers always on the go.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。文章第一段通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。故选B。‎ 单元技能专题阅读理解：人物故事类 ‎[精读语篇](2013·广东高考阅读理解C)‎ One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office.It was David.He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly.His head teacher had referred him to me.“This boy has lost his family，” he wrote.“He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I’m very worried about him.Can you help？”‎ I looked at David and showed him to a chair.How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe.Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.‎ The first two times we met, David didn’t say a word.He sat there, only looking up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me.I suggested we play a game of chess.He nodded.After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon — in complete silence and without looking at me.It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.‎ Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down.It seemed as if he enjoyed my company.But why did he never look at me?‎ ‎“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with，” I thought.“Perhaps he senses ‎ that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.‎ ‎“It’s your turn，” he said.‎ After that day, David started talking.He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club.He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university.Now he had really started to live his own life.‎ Maybe I gave David something.But I also learned that one — without any words — can reach out to another person.All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.‎ ‎[题目试做](建议用时：8分钟)‎ ‎36．When he first met the author, David ________.‎ A．felt a little excited　　　 B．walked energetically C．looked a little nervous D．showed up with his teacher ‎37．As a psychologist, the author ________.‎ A．was ready to listen to David B．was skeptical about psychology C．was able to describe David’s problem D．was sure of handling David’s problem ‎38．David enjoyed being with the author because he ________.‎ A．wanted to ask the author for advice B．needed to share sorrow with the author ‎ C．liked the children’s drawings in the office D．beat the author many times in the chess game ‎39．What can be inferred about David?‎ A．He recovered after months of treatment.‎ B．He liked biking before he lost his family.‎ C．He went into university soon after starting to talk.‎ D．He got friends in school before he met the author.‎ ‎40．What made David change?‎ A．His teacher’s help.‎ B．The author’s friendship.‎ C．His exchange of letters with the author.‎ D．The author’s silent communication with him.‎ ‎[读文样板]‎ 一、理清文章脉络 本文讲述了作者在英国做心理学家时的一段经历。这段经历告诉我们，有时给别人心理帮助不一定需要语言的开导。‎ 第一至二段：“我”作为心理学家接诊了因失去家人而拒绝与人交流的大卫。‎ 第三至七段：“我”以跟大卫下棋的方式帮他治疗的过程。‎ 第八段：“我”的感受。‎ 二、破解阅读障碍 ‎(一)怎样破解生僻词汇 ‎1．psychologist n．心理学家 破解方法：构词法。psychology (心理学)＋ist (人)：与心理学有关的人即心理学家＝psychologist ‎2．adolescent n．青少年adj.青春期的 破解方法：语境猜词法。下文提到David还在上学，再结合boy一词，可知David是一个处于青春期的男孩子。‎ ‎3．sympathetically adv.富有同情心地 破解方法：构词法。由sympathy(同情) 一词，再由ly为副词后缀可知sympathetically意为“有同情心地”。‎ ‎(二)怎样破解长难句 译文：像平常一样，他在约定的时间之前就到了，而且还拿着从架子上取下来的棋盘，我还没找到机会坐下，他就开始摆棋子了。‎ ‎[解题样板]‎ ‎36.第一次见到作者时，大卫________。‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.感到有点兴奋 第一段第三句 曲解文意 B.走起路来很有精神 第一段第三句 曲解文意 C.看上去有点紧张 第一段第三句 合理推断 D.和他的老师一块来的 第一段第四句 曲解文意 ‎[分析]　选C　根据第一段描述的David与作者见面时的表现“He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly.”可以判断出，David当时是紧张的。‎ ‎37.作为心理学家，作者________。‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.准备倾听大卫 第二段最后一句 合理推断 B.怀疑心理学 第二段第三句 曲解文意 C.能描述大卫的问题 第二段第二句 颠倒是非 D.有把握处理大卫的问题 第二段最后一句 曲解文意 ‎[分析]　选A　根据第二段内容，尤其是最后一句“Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically.”可知，作者已经做好了倾听David的准备。‎ ‎38.大卫喜欢和作者在一起是因为他________。‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.想征询作者的建议 第二段最后一句 混淆视听 B.需要与作者一起分享痛苦 全文，特别是第 五段第一句 合理推断 C.喜欢办公室里孩子画的画 第三段第二句 混淆视听 D.在棋类游戏中多次赢了作者 第三段最后一句 曲解文意 ‎[分析]　选B　根据第五段作者对David的行为表现的揣测可以判断，David可能只是需要有人默默地与他分享失去亲人的痛苦，无需其他语言上的开导。‎ ‎39.关于大卫我们可以推测出什么？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.经过几个月的治疗，他恢复了健康。‎ 最后两段 合理推断 B.失去家人之前他喜欢骑车。‎ 倒数第二段 曲解文意 C.开始谈心后不久他就去上大学了。‎ 倒数第二段 曲解文意 D.遇到作者之前，他在学校有好多朋友。‎ 倒数第二段 曲解文意 ‎[分析]　选A　根据倒数第二段中的“After that day, David started talking.”以及后面关于David生活中各种变化的描述可知，David在数月的治疗后心理方面恢复了健康。故A项正确。‎ ‎40.是什么改变了大卫？‎ 信息源 选项特征 A.他老师的帮助。‎ 第一段 曲解文意 B.作者的友谊。‎ 全文 混淆视听 C.他与作者之间的书信交流。‎ 倒数第二段 混淆视听 D.作者与他无声的交流。‎ 最后一段 合理推断 ‎[分析]　选D　本文的大意就是在最后一段出现的。作者先是叙述故事，最后才点明主题：有时“无声的语言”像一个拥抱、一个可以供你哭泣的肩膀、一次友好的触碰、一只可以倾听的耳朵等都有可能触及一个人的内心并改变这个人，使其走出阴影或困境，因此选择D项。‎