2020届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit1Art单元学案设计（63页word版） 63页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit1Art单元学案设计 单元话题阅读 When the Apollo astronauts landed on the Moon in 1969，millions of people were rather sad. The person to blame for this was an artist named Chesley Bonestell. For many years，Bonestell had been creating beautifully detailed paintings of the Moon and the planets. Viewers of his artwork were unhappy because the real Moon did not look like Bonestell’s pictures of it.‎ As a space artist，Bonestell tried to make his drawings look exciting and as true as the Moon is. But in the 1940s and 1950s，no one had ever seen another planet up close.Yet Bonestell’s paintings looked so real that some people thought they were photographs.‎ As a young man Bonestell studied architecture—the art and science of designing and making buildings.In 1938 Bonestell became a special effects artist in Hollywood.It was here that he learned he could improve his paintings by following the methods used in the movies.‎ In 1944，a popular magazine published a series of Bonestell’s paintings of the planet Saturn.He drew Saturn as if it were seen by someone standing on each ‎ of the planet’s moons.The results were dazzling(耀眼的)．Within a few years，Bonestell’s artwork appeared regularly in magazines and books on astronomy and space flight.‎ Many of Bonestell’s artworks had been right all along.But the biggest surprise was the Moon.Someone asked Bonestell what he was thinking when he saw the first pictures from the Moon.“I thought how wrong I was！” he said.“My mountains were sharp，and they aren’t on the Moon.”‎ But he shouldn’t have felt bad.No space artist had ever before taken so many people to so many faraway worlds.In the years just before the first manned space flights，Bonestell’s artworks prepared people for the amazing space adventure to come.‎ 判断正(T)误(F)‎ ‎1．The real Moon did not look like Bonestell’s pictures of it.(T)‎ ‎2．Bonestell’s artworks were not highly thought of by the people.(F)‎ Period One　Warming Up & Reading—Prereading ‎ ‎ 匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思 ‎[第一组]‎ ‎1．realistic　　　　 A．n.信任；信心；信念 ‎2．abstract B．adj.现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 ‎3．faith C．n.目标；目的；vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力 ‎4．aim D．adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 ‎5．conventional E．adj.抽象的；深奥的；n.摘要 答案　1.B　2.E　3.A　4.C　5.D ‎[第二组]‎ ‎6．typical　　　 A．adj.明显的；明白的 ‎7．evident B．n.巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合 ‎8．adopt C．adj.典型的；有代表性的 ‎9．possess D．vt.采用；采纳；收养 ‎10．coincidence E．vt.拥有；具有；支配 答案　6.C　7.A　8.D　9.E　10.B ‎[第三组]‎ ‎11．controversial　　　A．adj.荒谬的；可笑的 ‎12．attempt B．vt.预言；预告；预测 ‎13．predict C．adj.争论的；争议的 ‎14．shadow D．n.努力；尝试；企图；vt.尝试；企图 ‎15．ridiculous E．n.阴影；影子 答案　11.C　12.D　13.B　14.E　15.A ‎ ‎ Step 1　Fastreading Skim the passage and do the following exercises.‎ ‎1．What does the passage mainly tell us?‎ A．How religious paintings developed.‎ B．How oil paintings developed.‎ C．How Impressionist paintings developed.‎ D．How Western art developed.‎ ‎2．In what way is the passage developed?‎ A．By time. B．By space.‎ C．By comparison. D．By contrast.‎ 答案　1.D　2.A Step 2　Carefulreading Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.‎ ‎1．It can be inferred from the passage that classical Roman and Greek ideas were .‎ A．imaginary B．perspective C．impressionistic D．realistic 答案　D ‎2．Which of the following are the styles of paintings about Modern Art?‎ A．Abstract and realistic.‎ B．Abstract and natural.‎ C．Religious and natural.‎ D．People and objects.‎ 答案　A ‎3．In which period can we find more paintings about people and nature?‎ A．20th century to today.‎ B．5th to 15th century AD.‎ C．15th to 16th century.‎ D．Late 19th to early 20th century.‎ 答案　C ‎4．What is the relationship between the Impressionists and Modern Art?‎ A．The Impressionists teach the modern artists how to draw things in perspective.‎ B．By learning modern art，the Impressionists begin to look at their environment in new ways.‎ C．With the modern artists’ help，the Impressionists know how to paint outdoors.‎ D．Without the Impressionists，maybe we would not see many kinds of modern art styles.‎ 答案　D Step 3　Postreading After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.‎ ‎ Art 1.is influenced(influence) by the customs and faith of a people.Styles in Western art have changed many times.During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.A 2.conventional(convention) artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people 3.as they really were.A 4.typical(type) picture at this time was full of religious symbols.However，during the Renaissance，new ideas and values 5.gradually(gradual) replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a 6.more(much) humanistic attitude to life.One of the most important discoveries during this period was how 7.to draw(draw) things in perspective.As Europe changed a great deal from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial 8.one in the late 19th century，these changes led to new painting styles.The Impressionists were the first painters 9.to work(work) outdoors.There are scores of modern art styles，but without the Impressionists，many of these painting styles might not exist.No one can predict 10.what painting styles there will be in the future.‎ Step 4　Sentencelearning ‎1．By coincidence，oil paints were also developed at this time，which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.‎ ‎[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容；从句中made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补是不带to的不定式短语；过去分词短语used in paintings作后置定语，修饰colours。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画中使用的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。‎ ‎2．Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.‎ ‎[句式分析]　本句的主干是Among the painters were the Impressionists，介词短语Among the painters位于句首，引起全部倒装。句中的两个who引导的定语从句分别修饰先行词the painters和the Impressionists。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　在那些突破传统绘画风格的画家中有在巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。‎ ‎3．At the time they were created，the Impressionist paintings were controversial，but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”．‎ ‎[句式分析]　此句是一个由but连接的并列句。they were created是定语从句，修饰the time；what we call “modern art”在句中作介词of的宾语。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的，但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。‎ ‎4．On the one hand，some modern art is abstract；that is，the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes，but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object，using colour，line and shape to represent them.‎ ‎[句式分析]　that is为插入语；as we see them with our eyes为方式状语从句；using colour，line and shape to represent them为现在分词短语作方式状语。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019•浙江)‎ Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camel’s hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.‎ The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱)．His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.‎ The cat’s lot was about to improve.That year，one of Benjamin’s cousins，Mr Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.‎ In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.‎ In the city，Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape(风景) painting.William Williams，a wellknown painter，came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student.But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国著名艺术家本杰明•韦斯特是如何开始他的艺术生涯的。‎ ‎1．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia.‎ B．Williams’ influence on Benjamin.‎ C．The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist.‎ D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.‎ 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。文章从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的。故选C。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?‎ A．The cat would be closely watched.‎ B．The cat would get some medical care.‎ C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.‎ D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.‎ 答案　D 解析　句意理解题。由前文可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画笔的。画线句的字面意思是“猫的命运将会得到改善”。由该段后文可知，本杰明的表兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔。由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。‎ ‎3．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?‎ A．He took him to see painting exhibitions.‎ B．He provided him with painting materials.‎ C．He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.‎ D．He taught him how to make engravings.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。文章第四段提到“He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.”，接着下一段又谈到“...Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”，由此可知，潘宁顿送给本杰明绘画材料来帮助他发展艺术才能。故选B项。‎ ‎4．Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to .‎ A．master the use of paints B．appreciate landscape paintings C．get to know other painters D．make up his mind to be a painter 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由文章最后两句“While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知，这两本书是他通往古典绘画的入门教程，也帮助他下定决心成为一名画家。故选D项。‎ B Can you define great art？On the one hand，we can all see that great art is old art which is called great.But how do we know which art of our own times is great，and which will be forgotten？And who decides?‎ These are important questions，for the great art of the past often was not considered great during its own time.When Shakespeare and Charles Dickens were writing，for example，most critics considered them as hack(平庸的) writers with little or no literary ability.Similarly，Van Gogh and many of the other impressionist painters of ‎ the late nineteenth century were not allowed to participate in events involving what were thought to be the “real” painters of the time，and often they were very poor.Yet today their paintings often sell for millions of dollars，while those socalled “real” painters are now barely remembered.‎ So what makes great art？Can，for example，rock music be great art？Music videos？Cartoons and comics？Those who call themselves critics of the fine arts often have been the last to recognise great art in the past，and we can probably expect this to be the situation today.‎ Critics often don’t recognise great art because they tend to be prejudiced against what is popular.Popular works，whether they are novels，movies，or comics，are usually considered to be produced for the sake of money only，and not for the sake of art.‎ But popularity，it seems to me，is one of the three signs that a presentday work of art may come to be thought of as great.The other two are that it is groundbreaking，and that it is inherently(内在地) beautiful.‎ Many works have one or even two of these qualities of being popular，unusual and beautiful.But having all the three will often mean that a work of art will someday be seen to be great，though it may take a good spoonful of time，such as a century or two，to know for sure.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。作者在文中阐述了什么样的艺术才是伟大的艺术，并指出它们的特点：流行性、突破性、内在美。‎ ‎5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?‎ A．To explain what kind of art will become popular.‎ B．To introduce some real painters to the readers.‎ C．To introduce the writer’s confusion about art.‎ D．To lead into the following points by arousing the readers’ curiosity.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。作者在第一段中接连提出了几个问题，目的在于引起读者的兴趣，从而引出后文。故选D项。‎ ‎6．What does the author want to prove by using the examples of Shakespeare，Charles Dickens and Van Gogh?‎ A．These masters’ works have some shortcomings.‎ B．These masters wouldn’t have been so successful without the critics.‎ C．Truly beautiful works of art are never understood when first created.‎ D．Great masters were often not acknowledged while they were alive.‎ 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的主题句“These are important questions，for the great art of the past often was not considered great during its own time.”可知，伟大的艺术往往在自己的时代并不被认为是伟大的，而后列举的莎士比亚、查尔斯•狄更斯以及凡•高的例子就是来证明这一点的。故选D项。‎ ‎7．According to the passage，what do critics think of popular works?‎ A．They will be out of date quickly.‎ B．They are created for profit rather than for art.‎ C．They might be presented in a popular form.‎ D．They are thought valuable because of their low sale price.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Popular works，whether they are novels，movies，or comics，are usually considered to be produced for the sake of money only，and not for the sake of art.”可知，评论家认为当代的流行艺术是为了金钱利益而创作的，不是为了艺术。故选B项。‎ ‎8．What can be inferred from the last three paragraphs?‎ A．Critics have changed their attitudes to great works.‎ B．Critics’ comments determine great art works.‎ C．The work of art itself determines its greatness.‎ D．Popular works today must become great art works someday.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。文章第四段讲的是评论家认为流行的作品是为金钱利益而生，并不是伟大的艺术。倒数第二段讲的是流行性与突破性、内在美一样，是当今伟大的艺术作品的特征。最后一段讲的是有上述三个特征的作品总有一天会被认为是伟大的艺术。由此可推断能否成为伟大的艺术，关键在于作品本身的受欢迎程度、不同寻常的特点和内在的美，而不在于评论家的评判。故选C项。‎ C ‎ Life can sometimes seem like an endless series of exhibitions.For those of us involved in the art world，there are times when we’re constantly visiting gallery(画廊) after gallery，taking in as much as possible and getting to know the works of artists from far and wide.But there are some artists whose works consistently stand out.Some artists’ works stay in the thought and heart of an audience long after the show is over.I’ve noticed over the years that these are often the artists who have understood fully the skill of telling the story behind their art.These artists aren’t just selling paintings—they’re selling an experience.‎ Roxanna Kibsey is one of these artists.Her paintings are often exact descriptions of frozen tundra(冻原) or autumn trees—so bright that they could nearly burn a hole in the canvas.When I met her at an exhibition，she couldn’t wait to tell me about the place in her paintings.“Where I grew up we had nine months of winter every year.It’s really quite a tough place，” she said.She relived a part of her childhood when we chatted in front of her painting.The image brought to my mind memories of driving through the snowcovered countryside during my own first winter in Canada.I could almost hear the crunching ice under my feet as she described to me the countryside she grew up in.‎ Businessmen may have their elevator pitch，but artists，too，need their 30second story which rolls freely off the tongue.That’s why it’s so important that for each piece you might be exhibiting，you can conjure up(唤起) a story behind it，and tell that story to your audience in a way that helps them connect with your work，and makes them want to buy a piece.‎ 语篇解读　作者通过自己跟一位画家的接触以及对她作品的描述，告诉了我们什么样的画家才会打动我们，感染我们。‎ ‎9．What kind of artists does the author like?‎ A．Those who have great skills.‎ B．Those who have held many exhibitions.‎ C．Those who paint scenes of their own hometowns.‎ D．Those who tell their experiences through their paintings.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“These artists aren’t just selling paintings—they’re selling an experience.”可知，作者认为能够打动观众、给观众以深刻印象的是那些能够通过自己的画作描述自己的经历的画家。‎ ‎10．Through Roxanna Kibsey’s painting，the author .‎ A．had a beautiful imagination B．thought of a serious question C．brought back his own memory D．thought of his own hometown 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第二段最后两句可知，作者看着Roxanna Kibsey的画作，听着她的讲述，不禁联想到自己第一次在加拿大过冬时的情景。‎ ‎11．We can learn from Paragraph 2 that .‎ A．Kibsey’s work reflects her own life B．Kibsey had an unhappy childhood C．Kibsey doesn’t like her hometown D．Kibsey’s hometown is beautiful in winter 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由第二段可知，Roxanna Kibsey的画作描述了在她的家乡冬天一片肃杀的景象，反映了她的童年生活。‎ ‎12．What does the underlined part “elevator pitch” probably refer to?‎ A．A sales introduction. B．A wise choice.‎ C．A small mistake. D．A modern tool.‎ 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。分析最后一段，商人的“elevator pitch”就等同于画家的“30second story”，是一种“产品推介”，用来吸引买家。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 Sociologists(社会学家)，working in Western countries，have found that a large number of women wish they were born men. 13 ‎ ‎“Women often wish they had the same chances as men have，and think it is still men’s world，”said Dr James Holden，one of the sociologists who did the study.‎ ‎ 14 A man has to make money to support his family and to make important decisions，so it is right for men to be paid more.Some are even against their wives working at all. 15 In other words，if women take fulltime jobs，they won’t be able to do what they are best at：making a nice home and bringing up the children.‎ Some women disagree.They say they want to get out of their homes，and to have freedom to choose between work and home life. 16 ‎ Anne Harper has a very good job.She also believes in “women’s liberation(妇女解放 运动)”．“I don’t wish I were a man，” she says，“and I don’t think many women do.But I do wish people would stop treating us like secondclass people.At work，for example，we usually do the work that men do but get paid less.There are still a lot of jobs only to men—usually they are the best ones. 17 How many women scientists are there...or engineers？”‎ 语篇解读　很多女性想成为男性，这样就能同工同酬，做自己想做的工作。可是男性却不这么认为。‎ A．Most men are better at taking care of their babies.‎ B．Many men say that they have more duties than women.‎ C．Opinions about women’s position in society vary from person to person.‎ D．The number is said to be as high as 60% in Germany.‎ E．If you are a man，you have a much better chance of living a wonderful life.‎ F．When wives go out to work，they say，the home and children cannot be taken good care of.‎ G．They believe women should have the right of equal pay and equal chances.‎ ‎13．答案　D 解析　上一句讲到社会学家发现，很多女性希望生而为男性，D项则指出在德国这个数字高达60%，两句相呼应。‎ ‎14．答案　B 解析　下一句列举了男性的责任，由此可知，设空处应和男性的责任有关。duties是关键词，故选B项。‎ ‎15．答案　F 解析　上一句讲的是有些男性甚至反对妻子工作，设空处应该表明反对的原因。F项(他们说当妻子外出工作时，家庭和孩子就不能得到很好的照顾)符合语境。‎ ‎16．答案　G 解析　本段首句“Some women disagree.”为本段主旨句，下文就女性希望拥有的权益展开论述。G项是从女性角度出发对女性权益的阐述，其中的They与本段首句中的Some women相呼应。‎ ‎17．答案　E 解析　前文提到女性被当作二等公民看待，在工作中，女性同男性做一样的工作却得到较少的报酬。有很多工作只对男性提供，通常是最好的那些工作。E项(如果你是一个男性，你会更有可能过精彩的生活)是对上文的总结，且与下一句“有多少女科学家或者女工程师呢？”形成对比，故选E项。‎ Period Two　Warming Up & Reading—Language points ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)‎ ‎1．realistic adj.现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 ‎2．abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的；n.摘要 ‎3．sculpture n．雕塑 ‎4．gallery n．美术陈列室；画廊 ‎5．consequently adv.所以；因而 ‎6．conventional adj常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 ‎7．superb adj.卓越的；杰出的；极好的 ‎8．technique n．技术；方法；技能 ‎9．masterpiece n．杰作；名著 ‎10．ridiculous adj.荒谬的；可笑的 Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)‎ ‎11．faith n．信任；信心；信念 ‎12．aim n．目标；目的；vi.& vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力 ‎13．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的 ‎14．evident adj.明显的；明白的 ‎15．adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养→adoption n．收养 ‎16．possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→possession n．(尤作复数)所有；财产 ‎17．coincidence n．巧合(的事)；(事情、品味、故事等)相合 ‎18．shadow n．阴影；影子 ‎19. attempt n．努力；尝试；企图；vt.尝试；企图 ‎20．predict vt.预言；预告；预测→prediction n．预言 Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)‎ ‎21．start from始于 ‎22．in a more realistic way以一种更加现实的方式 ‎23．集中精力于……concentrate on ‎24．at a real scene在真实的场景中 ‎25．巧合地by coincidence ‎26．大量a great deal ‎27．导致；通向；通往lead to ‎28．逃脱；摆脱；脱离break away from ‎29．encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 ‎30．(可是)另一方面on the other hand ‎ Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每题8分，满分40分)‎ ‎31．But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.‎ 但是很显然在13世纪时，(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始用一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。‎ ‎32．By coincidence，oil paints were also developed at this time，which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.‎ 巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画中使用的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。‎ ‎33．Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.‎ 在那些突破传统绘画风格的画家中有在巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。‎ ‎34．At the time they were created，the Impressionist paintings were controversial，but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”．‎ 在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的，但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。‎ ‎35．On the one hand，some modern art is abstract；that is，the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes，but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object，using colour，line and shape to represent them.‎ 一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。‎ ‎ ‎ 重点词汇 ‎ Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.‎ 艺术受一个民族的习俗和信仰的影响。‎ faith n．信任；信心；信念 ‎※have faith in对……有信心 lose faith in对……失去信心 ‎※faithful adj.忠实的；忠诚的 ‎※faithfully adv.忠实地 ‎(1)He said that he had faith in the film Wolf Warriors Ⅱ.他说他对电影《战狼2》很有信心。‎ ‎(2)What I want to know is whether or not you have lost faith in it.‎ 我想知道的是你对这件事是否已失去了信心。‎ ‎(3)It is his belief that one cannot be too faithful(faith) to one’s duty.‎ 对自己的职责无论怎样忠诚也不过分，这是他的信仰。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(4)He had supported the local team faithfulfaithfully for 30 years.‎ ‎ During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.‎ 在中世纪，画家的主要目标是把宗教的主题表现出来。‎ aim n．目的；目标；v.瞄准；力求达到；目的是，旨在 aim at doing sth.力求达到；力争做到 aim at/for sth.努力取得 aim to do sth.力争做到 be aimed at目的是，旨在 with the aim of目的是，怀着……的目的 ‎(1)The government is aiming at a 50% reduction in unemployment.‎ 政府正力争减少50%的失业人数。‎ ‎(2)The visit was aimed at establishing the relation between the two countries.‎ 这次访问的目的在于建立两国关系。‎ ‎[句型转换]‎ ‎(3)She went to the show in order to show her singing talent.‎ ‎→She went to the show，aiming at showing/aiming to show her singing talent.(aim v．)‎ ‎→She went to the show with the aim of showing her singing talent.(aim n．)‎ ‎ A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols，which created a feeling of respect and love for God.‎ 这个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教象征，体现出了对上帝的敬重与爱戴。‎ typical adj.典型的，有代表性的 ‎※be typical of典型的，特有的 It is typical of sb.to do sth.某人做某事是经常的；某人一贯好做某事。‎ ‎※typically adv.通常，一般；典型地；果然 ‎(1)Since I’m here，I’d like to try a typical dish of this country.‎ 既然来了，我想品尝这个国家的一道特色菜。‎ ‎(2)Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors.(2017•全国Ⅱ)‎ 我们两个都具有美国演员典型的品质和优点。‎ ‎(3)Typically(typical)，he would come late and then say that he had to go early.‎ 他一向是来得很晚，然后又总说他得早走。‎ ‎[单句写作]‎ ‎(4)她一心想着帮助困难中的人们。‎ It is typical of her to think about helping those in trouble.‎ ‎ People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.‎ 人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采用一种更人性化的生活态度。‎ adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养 ‎※adopt...as...选……作为……；收养……为……‎ adopt one’s advice 采用某人的建议 ‎※adopted adj.被收养的；被采用的 ‎※adoption n．采用；收养 ‎(1)She was left an orphan and a kind woman adopted her.‎ 她成了孤儿，一个好心的女人收养了她。‎ ‎(2)In the meeting，all the workers agreed to adopt a new approach to reform the factory.‎ 会议中所有员工都同意采纳新方法来改革工厂。‎ ‎(3)We have adopted Mr Stevens as our candidate at the next election.‎ 我们表决通过了史蒂文斯先生作为我们下届选举的候选人。‎ ‎(4)They have four children，including an adopted(adopt) daughter.‎ 他们有四个孩子，包括一个收养的女儿。‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(5)As the boy was adopted by a kind man，he began a happy life.(改为非谓语动词短语作状语)‎ ‎→Adopted by a kind man，the boy began a happy life.‎ ‎ They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves，their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.‎ 他们出钱聘请著名艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋、其他财物及他们的一些活动和成就。‎ possession n．拥有，具有；(尤作复数)所有；财产 ‎※in possession of具有，拥有 in the possession of被……拥有，归……所有 take possession of占有，拥有 ‎※possess v．拥有，具有；支配 be possessed of具有(某种品质、能力等)‎ ‎(1)We can’t take possession of this house until the owner comes back.‎ 直到主人回来，我们才能拥有这所房子。‎ ‎(2)The young man is possessed(possess) of great selfconfidence.这个年轻人很自信。‎ ‎[一句多译]‎ ‎(3)据说一个年轻人拥有这座大楼。‎ ‎①It is said that a young man possesses this building.(possess v．)‎ ‎②It is said that a young man is in possession of this building.(possession n．)‎ ‎③It is said that this building is in the possession of a young man.(possession n．)‎ ‎ In the late 19th century，Europe changed a great deal，from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.‎ ‎19世纪后期，欧洲发生了很大变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。‎ a great deal大量 ‎※a great/good deal用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。‎ ‎※a great/good deal of许多的，大量的，只能修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎(1)He ran a great deal faster than Jane.‎ 他比简跑得快很多。‎ ‎(2)The cars gave off a great deal of waste gas into the air.车辆把大量废气排放到了空气中。‎ ‎ On the one hand，some modern art is abstract；that is，the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes...一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来……‎ attempt n．努力；尝试；企图；vt.尝试；企图 ‎※at the first attempt第一次尝试 make an attempt to do sth.尝试/企图做某事 attempt to do sth.尝试/企图做某事 ‎※attempted adj.(犯罪或非法行为)未遂的 ‎(1)Not many people can answer this question at the first attempt.‎ 第一次尝试就能回答这个问题的人并不是很多。‎ ‎(2)The prisoner attempted to escape，but failed.‎ 这个犯人试图逃跑，但是失败了。‎ ‎(3)The young man was arrested because of an attempted(attempt) robbery.‎ 这个年轻人因为抢劫未遂而被逮捕了。‎ ‎[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)这些男孩试图去露营，但是被父母拦住了。‎ ‎①The boys attempted to leave for camping，but were stopped by their parents.(attempt v．)‎ ‎②The boys made an attempt to leave for camping，but were stopped by their parents.(attempt n．)‎ ‎ On the other hand，some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.‎ 另一方面，有些现代派的绘画作品却是那么写实，看上去就像是一张张照片。‎ on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……另一方面……(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面)‎ for one thing...for another (thing)...一方面……另一方面；一则……二则……(表示相一致的两个方向，常用来陈述理由)‎ firstly...secondly...第一……第二……‎ ‎(1)On the one hand，I would like to go to the cinema.On the other hand，I have no time to do that.‎ 一方面，我想去电影院。另一方面，我没有时间。‎ ‎(2)I don’t want to buy that car.For one thing，I don’t like its color；for another (thing)，I don’t have enough money.我不想买那辆车。一则，我不喜欢它的颜色；二则，我没有那么多钱。‎ 经典句式 ‎ If the rules of perspective had not been discovered，no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.‎ 如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。‎ 此句中使用了虚拟语气，表达与过去事实相反的情况，if从句中使用过去完成时，主句中使用would/should/could/might＋have done。‎ ‎(1)If I had known about this computer program then，a huge amount of time would have been saved.‎ 如果我那时知道这个电脑程序，就会节省很多时间。‎ ‎(2)If it had not been(not，be) for your help，we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.‎ 如果没有你的帮忙，我们就不可能提前完成这项工作。‎ ‎(3)If he had warned her，she would have avoided(avoid) the danger in time.‎ 如果他警告过她，她就可以及时避开危险了。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(4)You could have seen the scientist if you∧had come here earlier.‎ ‎ Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.‎ 在那些突破传统绘画风格的画家中有在巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。‎ 本句为倒装句，正常语序为：‎ The Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris，were among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting.‎ 在英语语法中，当作表语的“介词短语/形容词/分词”置于句首时，句子要用全部倒装，构成“介词短语/形容词/分词＋连系动词＋主语”结构。‎ ‎(1)Sitting in the hall were the two astronauts who were very young.‎ 坐在大厅里的是两位非常年轻的宇航员。‎ ‎(2)Present at the evening party was our English teacher.出席晚会的有我们的英语老师。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(3)Lying on the floor isare two boys aged about twelve.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The old man lost all his possessions(possess) in the big fire.‎ ‎2．Last summer holiday，I went to the countryside and worked with farmers.In this way I learnt a great deal from them.‎ ‎3．Ann faithfully(faith) promised never to tell my secret.‎ ‎4．The education program aimed(aim) at combining brain work with manual labor is being widely spread throughout the country.‎ ‎5．They treated their adopted(adopt) son as their own son，which was highly thought of by their neighbors.‎ ‎6．It typically(typical) takes a day or two，depending on the size.‎ ‎7．The couple made several unsuccessful attempts(attempt) at a compromise(和解)．‎ ‎8．By coincidence，John and I both ended up at Yale.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎9．If he had followed my advice，he wouldn’t have lost(就不会失去) his job.‎ ‎10．I’d like to eat out，but on the other hand(可是另一方面)，I should be trying to save money.‎ ‎11．Hidden behind the door were a few naughty children(是几个调皮的孩子)．‎ ‎12．Without air，human beings would not be able to survive(将无法生存)．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 基础巩固 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The healthy couples without children can adopt(收养) a child by law.‎ ‎2．The foreigner made an attempt(尝试) to make himself understood by the local people，but failed.‎ ‎3．His aim(目的) to come to the college is to achieve his dream finally.‎ ‎4．As a successful business man，he has already possessed(拥有) many luxuries，and also the villa there is in the possession(拥有) of him.‎ ‎5．These superb(极好的) palaces have attracted many visitors from the places around the world.‎ ‎6．What a coincidence(巧合) that the first person I danced with is my town fellow!‎ ‎7．Nobody believed what he had predicted(预言) then but later it turned out to be true.‎ ‎8．AIDS is spreading all over the world at a shocking speed.Where its dark shadow(阴影) appears，we see pain，tears and death.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 break away from，look like，have faith in，scores of，in one’s possession，concentrate on，a great deal，aim at，be eager to，lead to ‎9．All of us are eager to make an attempt to win the English competition.‎ ‎10．He is a great deal better now.Don’t worry about him.‎ ‎11．Their research has concentrated on a drug which can prevent this disease.‎ ‎12．Cathy looked like a princess when she wore the dress.‎ ‎13．The prisoner broke away from his guards.‎ ‎14．It’s hard for us to find the way leading to the small village.‎ ‎15．She has valuable information in her possession.‎ ‎16．I have seen the film scores of times.So I don’t want to see it.‎ ‎17．This September，California，a state with plenty of celebrities，passed a law aimed at taking action against paparazzi(狗仔队)．(2018•北京西城区模拟)‎ ‎18．If he doesn’t have faith in finishing the task ahead of time，give him more encouragement.‎ Ⅲ.单句语法填空 ‎19．For a long time they walked without saying a word.Jim was the first to break(break) the silence.‎ ‎20．It is evident that they suffered a great economic loss as a result of the war.‎ ‎(2018•福建福州期末)‎ ‎21．The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes，or breaks during the play.(2018•安徽合肥检测)‎ ‎22．Even though he has won countless awards，he still tries hard to be a director truly committed to his work.Perhaps that is why he is so famous globally.‎ ‎23．On average，happy people have stronger immune systems，and there is evidence(evident) that they live longer.(2018•广东广州期中)‎ ‎24．Pele was always faithful(faith) to sportsmanship(体育精神) as a professional player.‎ ‎25．Advertisements may persuade us to throw away useful possessions(possess) to make room for new ones.‎ ‎26．His convincing words finally convinced me，and I was convinced that he was not the one to blame.(convince)‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎27．It is typical of(是……的典型特征) Jim to feel shy；he will feel ill in the presence of strangers.‎ ‎28．Having faith in yourself(对你自己有信心) is the key to your success，so be confident please.‎ ‎29．If we had started earlier(早点出发)，we would not have missed the train.‎ ‎30．In front of our school stands(我们学校前面矗立着) a tower.‎ ‎31．On the one hand，a lot of people go to the US，but on the other hand(另一方面)，a lot of people come back from there.‎ ‎ 能力提升 ‎ Ⅴ.阅读理解 Jamie Wardley is a special kind of artist—an ice sculptor.He first trained as a sand sculptor.Later，he learned about ice sculpture.Now he does sand sculpture in summer.And in winter，he sculpts ice.‎ When sculpting ice，Wardley has to work in cold temperatures.If the weather is cold enough，he can work outside.But winter in the United Kingdom is not always very cold.So often he works in a large freezer where the temperature is about －12 ℃.‎ Wardley enjoys sculpting ice outside in winter.When he sculpts in the open air，people can watch.They can be part of the creative process.‎ Wardley makes ice sculpting sound simple.But the tools Wardley uses are sharp and dangerous.And the ice is very heavy.Each block of ice weighs 120 kilos.And some larger sculptures are made of several combined blocks of ice.Sometimes ice sculptures can be as big as buildings.In Kemi，Finland there is an ice hotel called the Snow Castle.Each year，Wardley helps build the Snow Castle.‎ Inside the Snow Castle，the temperature is －50℃.Even the dining tables are made of ice.So you have to wear winter clothes when eating and wear a hat when sleeping.“The ice hotel is built every year in January.Then it melts in April.Each year we rebuild it and create a new design，” Wardley said.‎ The Snow Castle is a large and amazing work of ice，but Wardley’s smaller ice sculptures are special too.One winter，in the city of Bradford，the UK，Wardley created several small sculptures. He used the sculptures to tell a story which contained an important message about goodwill and understanding.‎ Ice sculptures are temporary works of art.When the temperature rises，they will melt.But that does not mean that their beauty is lost.The sculptures from that day in Bradford have now melted away，but their message of goodwill，understanding and acceptance remains.‎ 语篇解读　本文讲述了艺术家杰米•沃德利进行冰雕创作，帮助建造了芬兰的冰雪城堡，以此将冰雕的美展现给人们的故事。‎ ‎32．According to the text，Wardley .‎ A．loves sand sculpture more than ice sculpture B．sculpts ice in a large freezer in summer C．worked as an ice sculptor in the beginning D．enjoys carving ice outdoors in winter 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Wardley enjoys sculpting ice outside in winter.”可知D项正确。A项在文中未提及；由第一段最后一句可知，杰米•沃德利在冬天进行冰雕创作，而非夏天，故B项错误；由第一段第二句可知，杰米•沃德利最初是一位沙雕艺术家，故C项错误。‎ ‎33．Which of the following can best describe Wardley’s sculpting?‎ A．Easy and amazing.‎ B．Special but difficult.‎ C．Boring and dangerous.‎ D．Simple but temporary.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段所描述的冰雕过程的艰难和倒数第二段第一句中的“but Wardley’s smaller ice sculptures are special too”可知，B项“特别的但是艰难的”是杰米•沃德利的冰雕的特点。‎ ‎34．What do we know about the Snow Castle?‎ A．It lies in the city of Bradford，the UK.‎ B．It is too cold for people to live in.‎ C．It requires to be built every year.‎ D．It is built between January and April.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的“Each year we rebuild it”可知选C项。‎ ‎35．What does the author think of ice sculptures?‎ A．They never melt in people’s hearts.‎ B．It takes time to understand them.‎ C．Their beauty doesn’t last forever.‎ D．They add more beauty to Bradford.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But that does not mean that their beauty is lost.The sculptures from that day in Bradford have now melted away，but their message of goodwill，understanding and acceptance remains.”可知，作者认为冰雕作品虽然会融化，但它们所传达的寓意将永存在人们心里。故选A项。‎ Ⅵ.完形填空 Vincent Van Gogh is often remembered as the painter who cut off his ear in a fit of passion.He was a lonely man who often 36 without food in order to buy paints，a man with few friends and a 37 temper.Van Gogh’s strong emotions 38 not only his life，but his paintings as well.Many of Van Gogh’s paintings were 39 by warm，yellow sunlight because he loved how it could 40 the world in different ways.His painting Sunflowers，for example，is 41 yellows and browns.These colours give the painting a 42 of warmth.However，the sunflowers are 43 dead and dying.‎ The result is a painting that 44 the warmth of life that Van Gogh loved with the feelings of 45 that were all around him.It is a painting that is warm，beautiful and sad，all at the same time.‎ Van Gogh’s most famous painting，The Starry Night， 46 this mixture of joy and sadness one step 47 .It is a landscape full of deep 48 and shadows which showed the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he was painting， 49 what he actually saw.‎ This is why Van Gogh’s 50 in his painting look more imagined than real.The stars and moon in The Starry Night are 51 bright，their light swirling above the darkening hills.A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the 52 of the night，interrupting its beauty.‎ Because of his wild emotions，Van Gogh was not 53 during his life.He sold only one painting.However，people today who stand in front of Sunflowers or The ‎ Starry Night can 54 the same joy and sadness as Van Gogh once did， 55 he painted those deep blues and sunny yellows.‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了荷兰的后印象派画家凡•高及其作品的特点。凡•高强烈的情感不仅影响着他的生活，也影响了他的画作。他的作品既传达了快乐，又蕴含着悲伤。‎ ‎36．A.came B．went C．carried D．sent 答案　B 解析　根据空后的“in order to buy paints”可知，他为了买颜料，不吃饭也行。go without是固定搭配，意为“没有……也行”。‎ ‎37．A.gentle B．tender C．short D．stormy 答案　D 解析　由本段第一句中的“cut off his ear in a fit of passion”和第二句中的“a man with few friends”及最后一段中的“his wild emotions”等信息可知，他的脾气很坏。stormy意为“猛烈的；暴躁的”，符合语境。‎ ‎38．A.developed B．affected C．improved D．reduced 答案　B 解析　由下文所描述的凡•高画作的特点可知，凡•高强烈的情感不仅影响了他的生活，也同样影响了他的画作。affect意为“影响”，符合语境。‎ ‎39．A.inspired B．taught C．followed D．moved 答案　A 解析　空后“because he loved how it could the world in different ways”中的it指的是前面提到的“warm，yellow sunlight”，说明凡•高喜欢温暖、明黄的日光。文章多次用warm，yellow来描述他的画作，由此可知，凡•高的许多画作受到温暖的明黄色阳光的启发。inspire意为“激发；启发”，符合语境。‎ ‎40．A.show up B．turn up C．cut up D．light up 答案　D 解析　此处表示“因为他热爱阳光照亮世界的不同方式”，light up意为“点亮；照亮”，符合语境。‎ ‎41．A.absorbed in B．filled with C．made in D．good at 答案　B 解析　根据上文“Many of Van Gogh’s paintings were by warm，yellow sunlight”可推断出，他的作品充满了黄色和棕色。be filled with是固定结构，意为“充满”，相当于be full of。‎ ‎42．A.state B．look C．feeling D．touch 答案　C 解析　These colours指代yellows and browns ‎，这些色彩往往会赋予画作一种温暖的感觉。feeling意为“感觉”，符合语境。‎ ‎43．A.actually B．simply C．entirely D．finally 答案　A 解析　由However可知，上下文是转折关系，再根据上句内容可知此处表达的是事实上向日葵已经枯萎或即将枯死。actually意为“事实上；实际上”，符合语境。‎ ‎44．A.communicates B．mixes C．compares D．includes 答案　B 解析　由前一段可知，凡•高在《向日葵》的画作中将温暖的色彩与枯萎死亡的事物结合在一起，即画作将凡•高所热爱的生命的温暖与围绕在他身边的悲伤混合在一起。mix...with...意为“把……与……混合在一起”。故选B项。‎ ‎45．A.happiness B．excitement C．sadness D．worry 答案　C 解析　由下一句中的sad可以推断此处应选sadness，意为“悲哀，悲伤”。‎ ‎46．A.continues B．stands C．raises D．takes 答案　D 解析　第二段总结了凡•高所创作的《向日葵》的特点：warm，beautiful and sad。本段继续举例：他最著名的画作《星月夜》使这种喜悦和伤感的融合更进一步。take...one step further意为“将……向前推进一步”，为固定表达，故选D项。‎ ‎47．A.further B．deeper C．longer D．closer 答案　A 解析　由上一题解析可知选A项。further意为“更进一步”，表示抽象的意义。‎ ‎48．A.greens B．blacks C．blues D．reds 答案　C 解析　根据常识以及空后的“showed the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he was painting”可知，这是一幅充满了深蓝色和阴影的风景画。blue意为“蓝色”。‎ ‎49．A.rather than B．other than C．as well as D．in addition 答案　A 解析　设空处后面的“what he actually saw”与设空处前面的“the sadness Van Gogh was feeling”相互对应，此句表示“表现了他作画时感受到的悲伤，而不是(rather than)他实际上所看到的”。other than意为“除了”，as well as意为“也”，in addition意为“此外”，均不符合语境。故选A项。‎ ‎50．A.voices B．pictures C．colours D．images 答案　D 解析　句意为：这就是为什么凡•‎ 高画作中的意象看起来更加虚幻而非真实。表示画作中的意象应用images。‎ ‎51．A.seldom B．unusually C．accordingly D．properly 答案　B 解析　从空后的“their light swirling above the darkening hills”可知，月亮和星星的光盘旋在黝黑的山上。这种光和我们平时见到的是不同的。由前一句中的imagined也可推断此处应选unusually，意为“不同寻常地”。‎ ‎52．A.view B．environment C．surroundings D．sign 答案　A 解析　句意为：一棵看起来像黑色火焰一样的树刺破了夜的景色，截断了它的美。view意为“景色，风景”。‎ ‎53．A.understood B．noticed C．rewarded D．trusted 答案　A 解析　由空前的wild emotions可知，凡•高的画作在当时并不被别人理解(understood)。‎ ‎54．A.experience B．recognise C．accept D．determine 答案　A 解析　由设空处后面的“the same joy and sadness as Van Gogh once did”可知此处应选experience，表示体会、感受凡•高所感受到的快乐与悲伤。‎ ‎55．A.though B．however C．if D．as 答案　D 解析　句意为：然而，今天人们站在《向日葵》或是《星月夜》前能体会到凡•高在画那些深沉的蓝色与阳光的明黄色时所感受到的同样的快乐与悲伤。表示“当……的时候”用as。‎ Ⅶ.语法填空 Papercutting is popular around the globe.But only the Chinese papercutting 56 (list) in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists in 2009.It was recognised and listed because it has a long history and it represents cultural values of the people throughout China.‎ Since the Eastern Han Dynasty in China，paper became more affordable，and papercutting became one of the most important 57 (type) of Chinese folk art.Later， 58 different regions adopting their own cultural styles，this art form spread to other parts of the world. 59 (usual)，the artworks are made of red paper，as red is associated with 60 (happy) in Chinese culture，but other colours are also used.‎ With 61 (it) long history，papercutting， 62 is a traditional part of Chinese culture，has been very popular among the ordinary Chinese people.People put up papercuts on walls，windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals 63 (strengthen) the cheerful atmosphere.‎ Chinese papercuts are rich in content.The auspicious(吉祥的) designs symbolise ‎ good luck and the avoidance of evil.The child，lotus(莲花) and bat designs suggest a family with 64 large number of children and grandchildren.Birds，livestock，fruit，fish and insects are also familiar objects 65 (accept) by Chinese farmers.In a word，papercuts used on different occasions have different meanings.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国剪纸这一民间艺术。‎ ‎56．答案　was listed 解析　句意为：但只有中国剪纸在2009年被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产名录。根据本句中的时间状语in 2009可知，事情发生在过去；且list与the Chinese papercutting之间为被动关系，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was listed。‎ ‎57．答案　types 解析　“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词的复数形式”为固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”。type是可数名词，意为“种类”。故填types。‎ ‎58．答案　with 解析　句意为：后来，随着不同地区采用各自的文化风格，这种艺术形式传播到世界的其他地方。设空处所在部分作状语，表示伴随，故填with，构成“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构。‎ ‎59．答案　Usually 解析　句意为：通常情况下，这些艺术作品用红纸制成，因为在中华文化中红色与幸福联系在一起。此处修饰整个句子应用副词作状语。故填Usually。‎ ‎60．答案　happiness 解析　介词with后跟名词作宾语。be associated with sth.意为“与某事/某物有关”。故填happiness。‎ ‎61．答案　its 解析　修饰名词应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。‎ ‎62．答案　which 解析　由is和has可判断本句为主从复合句，主句为papercutting has been very popular among the ordinary Chinese people，而“ is a traditional part of Chinese culture”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词papercutting，关系词代指papercutting，在定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导。‎ ‎63．答案　to strengthen 解析　句意为：人们在婚礼或节日时把剪纸贴在墙上或门窗上，以增强欢快的气氛。句子谓语动词为put up，因此设空处填strengthen的非谓语动词形式。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to strengthen。‎ ‎64．答案　a 解析　a number of为固定搭配，意为“许多，大量”。故填a。‎ ‎65．答案　accepted 解析　设空处填非谓语动词形式作定语，accept与所修饰词objects之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填accepted。‎ Period Three　Learning about Language & Using Language ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分)‎ ‎1．specific adj.确切的；特定的 ‎2．marble n．大理石 ‎3．delicate adj.脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 ‎4．allergic adj.过敏性的；过敏的 ‎5．aggressive adj敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的 ‎6．geometry n．几何学 ‎7．bunch n．束；串 ‎8．avenue n．林荫道；道路；大街 ‎9．fragile adj.精细的；易碎的；脆弱的 ‎10．circular adj圆形的；环形的；循环的 ‎11．civilization n．文明；文化；文明社会 ‎12．fragrant adj香的；令人愉快的 ‎13．contemporary adj.当代的；同时代的 ‎14．district n．区；区域；行政区 ‎15．committee n．委员会 Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)‎ ‎16．figure n．画像；身材；数字 ‎17．carve vt.雕刻；刻记 ‎18．exhibition n．展览；陈列；展览会→exhibit vt.陈列；展览 ‎19．scholar n．学者→scholarship n．奖学金；学术；学识 ‎20．flesh n．肉；肌肉；肉体 ‎21．preference n．喜爱；偏爱→prefer vt.更喜欢 ‎22．appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助；vt.将……上诉；n.呼吁；恳求 ‎23．reputation n．名声；名誉 ‎24．visual adj.视觉的；看得见的→vision n．视力；视觉 ‎25．signature n．签字；署名→sign vt.& vi.签名；签字 Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)‎ ‎26．对……过敏be allergic to...‎ ‎27．活着的；本人in the flesh ‎28．一束a bunch of ‎29．依次；轮流；替换take turns ‎30．write down写下；记下 ‎31．at the same time同时 ‎32．对(某人)有吸引力；使(某人)感兴趣appeal to ‎33．lie in在于 ‎34．more than不只是；多于 ‎35．all the time一直；总是 Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每题6分，满分30分)‎ ‎36．Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York.‎ 在纽约，比起其他任何艺术馆，许多艺术爱好者更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。‎ ‎37．...died in 1919, leaving his house，furniture and art collection to the American people.‎ ‎……于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品留给了美国人民。‎ ‎38．When you walk into the gallery，you feel as if you were inside a fragile，white ‎ seashell.‎ 当你走进画廊的时候，你觉得好像在一个精细洁白的贝壳里面。‎ ‎39．The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art.‎ 这家博物馆展出的不只是看得见的艺术之美。‎ ‎40．There are no permanent displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time.‎ 这家博物馆内没有永久性的展览，展品都是随时更换的。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.True(T) or False(F)‎ ‎1．Henry Clay Frick’s home and garden are well worth a visit in New York.(T)‎ ‎2．Guggenheim Museum possesses 5,000 pieces of art works，which are displayed at the same time.(F)‎ ‎3．The reputation of Metropolitan Museum of Art lies in its collection，which covers over 5,000 years of civilization throughout the world.(T)‎ ‎4．Museum of Modern Art displays more than just the visual delights of art.The admission price is not cheap.(F)‎ ‎5．Whitney Museum of American Art is located on 53rd Street，between 5th and 6th Avenues.(F)‎ Ⅱ.Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.‎ ‎1．The Frick Collection is .‎ A．a house left by a rich New Yorker B．an attractive small art gallery in New York C．a gallery where you can enjoy both paintings and Frick’s beautiful house D．all of the above 答案　D ‎2．The exhibition is always changing in .‎ A．Museum of Modern Art B．The Frick Collection C．Guggenheim Museum D．Metropolitan Museum of Art 答案　C ‎3．Why does the writer say the Metropolitan Museum of Art has the greatest collection of art in the United States?‎ A．Because its art collection covers over five thousand years of civilization from many parts of the world.‎ B．The museum displays only art.‎ C．It provides us information about ancient ways of living and many other special exhibitions.‎ D．Both A and C.‎ 答案　D ‎4．The sentence “A few words of warning：the admission price is not cheap and the museum is often very crowded.” in Paragraph 4 suggests that .‎ A．it is not dear to enter the museum and it is always very crowded in it B．although the admission is expensive，there are always lots of visitors there C．people should pay special attention to the price before going in D．there are many famous paintings by artists such as Monet，Van Gogh，Picasso and Matisse 答案　B ‎5．What can you see if you go to Whitney Museum of American Art?‎ A．Videos and films by contemporary video artists.‎ B．Paintings by some famous artists such as Monet，Van Gogh.‎ C．Ancient ways of living.‎ D．Pretwentieth century Western paintings.‎ 答案　A ‎ ‎ 重点词汇 ‎ the art of making figures，objects，etc out of stone，wood，clay，etc 用石头、木头、泥土等制成人物、物体等的艺术 figure n．雕像；身材，体形；数字；人物；几何图形；v.认为；估计 keep one’s figure保持体形 figure out弄明白；计算出 figure that...认为……；认定……‎ ‎[图解助记]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(1)They figured that it was better to stay where they were.他们断定还是待在原地好。‎ ‎(2)It is hard for her to keep her figure in that situation.在那种情况下，她很难保持体形。‎ ‎(3)If you don’t understand something，you may research，study and talk to other people until you figure it out.(2017•北京)‎ 如果你不明白某件事情，你可以调查、研究并与别人讨论，直到弄明白为止。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(4)I really can’t figure out of why he left the company without saying one word.‎ ‎[语境填词]‎ ‎(5)After the public figure’s explanation，we thought we had figured it out，but when he asked us how to keep our figures，all of us didn’t figure out its answer.‎ 经过这位公众人物的讲解，我们认为自己已经理解了他所说的，但是当他问我们如何保持体形的时候，没有一个人能想出答案。‎ ‎ Frick had a preference for pretwentieth century Western paintings，and these are wellrepresented in this excellent collection.‎ 弗里克偏爱20世纪以前的西方绘画，而在这个陈列馆的珍藏品里这些绘画得以很好地展示。‎ preference n．喜爱；偏爱 ‎※have a preference for更喜欢……‎ give preference to给……以优惠；优待 in preference to优先于；而不是 ‎※prefer vt.更喜欢 prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.与……相比，更喜欢……‎ prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿做……也不愿做……‎ ‎(1)As a matter of fact，I have a preference for black tea.事实上，我偏爱红茶。‎ ‎(2)The company often gives preference(prefer) to the old customers.‎ 这家公司经常给予那些老顾客优惠。‎ ‎(3)The old woman prefers sitting(sit) in the sofa to walking(walk) in the sun.‎ 比起在太阳底下散步，这位老太太更喜欢坐在沙发上。‎ ‎[一句多译]‎ ‎(4)毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬(praise)而不是批评(scold)。‎ ‎①After all，all kids prefer to be praised rather than be scolded.‎ ‎②After all，all kids prefer being praised to being scolded.‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(5)Many people choose the train rather than the car to travel.(用preference短语改写)‎ ‎→Many people choose the train in preference to the car to travel.‎ ‎ It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and PostImpressionist paintings.‎ 它将会吸引印象派和后印象派作品的爱好者。‎ appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣 ‎※appeal to sb.for sth./to do sth.向某人呼吁/恳求……‎ appeal for恳求；呼吁 make an appeal发出呼吁 ‎※appealing adj.有吸引力的，有感染力的 ‎(1)The police are appealing to the public for information about the crime.‎ 警方呼吁公众提供有关这宗罪案的信息。‎ ‎(2)The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府呼吁每个人节约用水。‎ ‎(3)Realizing his mistakes，the thief appealed for mercy.意识到自己的错误，这个贼恳求宽恕。‎ ‎(4)While this sounds highly appealing(appeal)，it does not work.‎ 虽然这听起来很有吸引力，但是没有用。‎ ‎[一句多译]‎ ‎(5)它是吸引新闻媒体的一种有效方法。‎ ‎①It is an effective way to attract the news media.(attract) ‎ ‎②It is an effective way to appeal to the news media.(appeal)‎ ‎ The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art.‎ 这家博物馆展出的不只是可以看得见的艺术之美。‎ more than后接名词或从句，表示“不仅仅是，不只是”，相当于not only；用于形容词或副词前，作“非常，十分”解，与very同义；more than＋数字，表示“比……多，多于……”，等于over；more than后接含有can/could的从句时，常表示否定意义，意为“超过了……所能”。‎ ‎(1)By last year，the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.‎ ‎(2017•全国Ⅲ)‎ 到去年为止，黄石公园狼的数量已经超过了170头。‎ ‎(2)She is more than our teacher；she’s also our friend.‎ 她不仅仅是我们的老师，她还是我们的朋友。‎ ‎(3)He is more than happy about it.他对此事极为高兴。‎ ‎(4)This problem is more than a child like Jack can settle.‎ 这一问题超出了像杰克这样的小孩的解决能力。‎ 经典句式 ‎ Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York.‎ 在纽约，比起其他艺术馆，许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。‎ ‎※本句中使用了would rather do...than do...结构，表示“宁可做……而不愿做……”，than后省略了与前面相同的动词visit，完整形式为：‎ Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than visit any other in New York.‎ ‎※在would rather...than...结构中，若than前后的动词相同，则可省略than后面的动词，只保留与than前面不同的部分。‎ ‎※would rather (not) do...宁愿(不)做……‎ would rather do...than do...＝would do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……‎ ‎※would rather＋从句[用过去时，表示现在或将来(虚拟)；用过去完成时，表示过去(虚拟)]‎ ‎(1)I prefer to work rather than sit there doing nothing.‎ ‎＝I would work rather than sit there doing nothing.‎ ‎＝I would rather work than sit there doing nothing.‎ 我宁愿工作，也不愿坐在那里无所事事。‎ ‎(2)We would rather our daughter lived(live) in the same city with us.‎ 我们宁愿女儿能与我们生活在同一个城市里。‎ ‎(3)She is sad now.I would rather I hadn’t told(not，tell) her the bad news.现在她很难过。我宁愿没有告诉过她那个坏消息。‎ ‎[单句改错]‎ ‎(4)The woman would rather go out for a walk than to stay with her husband.‎ ‎[句型转换]‎ ‎(5)Jane is a quiet girl，who prefers to stay in the library rather than go to see a movie.‎ ‎→Jane is a quiet girl，who would rather stay in the library than go to see a movie.‎ ‎→Jane is a quiet girl，who would stay in the library rather than go to see a movie.‎ ‎ Henry Clay Frick，a rich New Yorker，died in 1919，leaving his house，furniture and art collection to the American people.‎ 亨利•克莱•弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世，他把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品留给了美国人民。‎ 句中的leaving his house，furniture and art collection to the American people为现在分词短语作状语，表示自然而然的结果。only to do sth.也表示结果，但是表示出乎意料的结果。‎ ‎(1)The glass dropped onto the floor，breaking into pieces.‎ 玻璃杯掉到了地上，摔成了碎片。‎ ‎(2)Her parents died in the earthquake，leaving(leave) her an orphan.‎ 她的父母在地震中去世，使她成了孤儿。‎ ‎(3)He cut off the electricity quickly，preventing(prevent) an accident.‎ 他迅速切断了电源，防止了一起意外事故。‎ ‎(4)He hurried to the station，only to find(find) the train had left.‎ 他匆忙赶到车站，却发现火车开走了。‎ ‎[高级表达]‎ ‎(5)It rained heavily and caused severe flood in many parts of the country.(用非谓语动词改写)‎ ‎→It rained heavily，causing severe flood in many parts of the country.‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．I became a teacher because I preferred books and people to politics.‎ ‎2．It would be difficult to figure out the losses at this time.‎ ‎3．Katie went by car and I’d rather she hadn’t(have，not)．‎ ‎4．Wanda Plaza in Wuxi is more than a shopping center.You can do almost anything there.‎ ‎5．Many people expressed a strong preference(prefer) for the original plan.‎ ‎6．The police made an appeal to the public to remain calm.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎7．A terrible air crash happened，killing over 200 passengers(200余名乘客遇难)．‎ ‎8．I do hope(我真的希望) you will stay for dinner with us.‎ ‎9．It was amazing that(令人惊讶的是) she came up and shook my hand.‎ ‎10．I’d rather you had not given up the job(没放弃这个工作) then.‎ ‎11．It seems as if he knew everything(他似乎知晓一切)，but in fact，he is stupid.‎ Ⅲ.课文短文改错 Many art lovers consider the Frick Collection the better art gallery in New York.Henry Clay Frick，rich New Yorker，died in 1919，leaving his house，furnitures and art collection to the American people.At this gallery，you would see an excellent collection of pretwentieth century Western paintings.We will also be able to explore Frick’s beautiful house.The house is well worth visit.Besides，Guggenheim Museum owned 5,000 modern paintings，sculptures or drawings.Not all art works is displayed at the same time.The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom of.‎ 答案　‎ ‎ Many art lovers consider the Frick Collection the betterbest art gallery in New York.Henry Clay Frick，∧a rich New Yorker，died in 1919，leaving his house，furnituresfurniture and art collection to the American people.At this gallery，you wouldwill see an excellent collection of pretwentieth century Western paintings.WeYou will also be able to explore Frick’s beautiful house.The house is well worth ∧a或visitvisiting.Besides，Guggenheim Museum ownedowns 5,000 modern paintings，sculptures orand drawings.Not all art works isare displayed at the same time.The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom of.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 基础巩固 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Your suggestion on how to improve English writing ability is too general.Could you make it more specific(具体的)?‎ ‎2．How does she manage to keep her figure(身材) when she eats so much?‎ ‎3．Be careful with that vase—it’s very fragile(易碎的)．‎ ‎4．I will go to Paris to attend an exhibition(展览会) where many worldfamous companies will present their latest products.‎ ‎5．He bought a bunch(束) of flowers for her on her birthday.‎ ‎6．It still remains a mystery why some people are allergic(过敏的) to certain flower fragrance while others are not.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎7．The strength of the book lies in the fact that the material is from classroom experience.‎ ‎8．Figuring(figure) out the reason cost him quite a lot of time.‎ ‎9．There will be an exhibition(exhibit) of the development of automobile industry in our city next week.‎ ‎10．The life of a politician isn’t appealing(appeal) for me.‎ ‎11．You look much more beautiful in the flesh than in the picture.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)‎ ‎12.InBy coincidence，he met one of his friends when he was on business in Shanghai.‎ ‎13．The exhibition attracted those who have a preference tofor the beauty of nature.‎ ‎14．We appealed ∧to the villagers to build the bridge.‎ ‎15．The old couple have ∧a good reputation for their kindness.‎ ‎16．An ancient painting was inon exhibition last month in this museum.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎17．The idea Mr Zhang came up with in the meeting was well worth considering.(be well worth)‎ 张先生在会上提出的那个想法很值得考虑。‎ ‎18．Not all the students are able to be admitted to key universities.(部分否定)‎ 并非所有的学生都能够被重点大学录取。‎ ‎19．A train would pass through the city every few minutes at that time every day.(every...minutes)‎ 每天那个时候每隔几分钟就会有火车经过这座城市。‎ ‎20．I bought five books yesterday，including this one.‎ 我昨天买了五本书，包括这本。‎ ‎21．The best thing to do is to stop worrying.‎ 最好的办法就是不要再担心。‎ ‎ 能力提升 ‎ Ⅴ.阅读理解 A Art museums are places where people can learn about various cultures.The ‎ increasingly popular “design museums” that are opening today，however，perform quite a different role.Unlike most art museums，the design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public.These museums sometimes even place things like fridges and washing machines in the centre of the hall.‎ People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial technology.But their role is not simply a matter of sales—it is the honour of excellently invented products.The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase in a design museum is that the first tries to sell you something，while the second tells you the success of a sale.‎ One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel familiar with the exhibits.Unlike the average art museum visitors，design museum visitors seldom feel frightened or puzzled.This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why massproduced products work and look as they do，and how design has improved the quality of our lives.Art museum exhibits，on the other hand，would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something beyond their understanding.‎ In recent years，several new design museums have opened their doors.Each of these museums has tried to satisfy the public’s growing interest in the field with new ideas.London’s Design Museum，for example，shows a collection of massproduced objects from Zippo lighters to electric typewriters to a group of Italian fishtins.The choices open to design museums seem far less strict than those to art museums，and visitors may also sense the humorous part of our society while walking around such exhibits as interesting and unusually attractive toys collected in our everyday life.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了设计博物馆的本质，以及它们和通常的艺术博物馆的区别。‎ ‎22．Why are showcases in design museums different from store windows?‎ A．They show more technologically advanced products.‎ B．They help increase the sales of products.‎ C．They show why the products have sold well.‎ D．They attract more people than store windows do.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。从第二段最后一句“The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase in a design museum is that the first tries to sell you something，while the second tells you the success of a sale.”可知，商店的橱窗和设计博物馆的陈列橱的不同之处在于前者是为了卖东西，而后者展示的是商品畅销的原因。故选C项。‎ ‎23．The choices open to design museums .‎ A．are not as strict as those to art museums B．are not aimed to interest the public C．may fail to bring some pleasure to visitors D．often contain precious exhibits 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。从第四段的“The choices open to design museums seem far less ‎ strict than those to art museums...”可知，设计博物馆的陈列品的选择远没有艺术博物馆严格。故选A项。‎ ‎24．What is the best title for this passage?‎ A．The Forms of Design Museums B．The Exhibits of Design Museums C．The Nature of Design Museums D．The Choices Open to Design Museums 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。从全文内容尤其是第一段第二句“The increasingly popular ‘design museums’ that are opening today，however，perform quite a different role.”可知，本文讲的是设计博物馆的本质。故选C项。‎ B Street art is a very popular form of art that is spreading quickly all over the world.You can find it on buildings，sidewalks，street signs and trash cans from Tokyo to Paris，from Moscow to Cape Town.Street art has become a global culture and even art museums and galleries are collecting the works of street artists.‎ Street art started out very secretly because it was illegal to paint on public and private property without permission.People often have different opinions about street art.Some think it is a crime and others think it is a very beautiful new form of culture.‎ Art experts claim that the street art movement began in New York in the 1960s.Young adults painted words and other images on walls and trains.This colorful style of writing became known as graffiti.Graffiti art showed that young people wanted to rebel against society.They traveled around cities to create paintings that everyone could see.In many cases，they had trouble with the police and the local government.‎ Street artists do their work for different reasons.Some of them do not like artists who make so much money in galleries and museums.They choose street art because it is closer to the people.Some artists try to express their political opinion in their work.They often want to protest(抗议) against big firms.Others like to do things that are forbidden and hope they don’t get caught.Advertising companies also use street art in their ads because it gives people the impression of youth and energy.‎ Today，the Internet has a big influence on street art.Artists can show their pictures to an audience all over the world.Many city residents，however，say that seeing a picture on the Internet is never as good as seeing it alive.The street art movement lives with the energy and life of a big city.There，it will continue to change and grow.‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了街头艺术的起源以及在发展过程中存在的问题。‎ ‎25．What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?‎ A．Street art has a long history.‎ B．Street art is a new form of culture.‎ C．Street art can be found in art museums.‎ D．Street art is popular around the world.‎ 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。第一段第一句为该段主题句，其后介绍了街头艺术无处不在，从东京到巴黎，从莫斯科到开普敦，在大楼、人行道、路标等地方都能发现街头艺术。这表明街头艺术在全世界都很受欢迎。‎ ‎26．Where did the street art movement take place?‎ A．In Tokyo. B．In Paris.‎ C．In New York. D．In Moscow.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第三段第一句“Art experts claim that the street art movement began in New York...”可知，街头艺术运动始于纽约。‎ ‎27．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Graffiti artists often had trouble with the police and the local government in the 1960s.‎ B．Most art experts think painting on walls and trains is a crime.‎ C．Street art started out secretly because few people liked it.‎ D．It is illegal for street artists to travel around big cities.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“In many cases，they had trouble with the police and the local government.”可知，在20世纪60年代，涂鸦艺术家经常与警察和当地政府发生冲突。‎ ‎28．Why do some advertising companies use street art in their ads?‎ A．Because it impresses people with youth and energy.‎ B．Because it is the fastest way to introduce a new product.‎ C．Because it helps them save much money.‎ D．Because it is cheap.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Advertising companies also use street art in their ads because it gives people the impression of youth and energy.”可知应选A项。‎ Ⅵ.七选五 How to Store Strawberries You’ve got some beautiful strawberries and brought them home with great care.You’ve washed a few and eaten them immediately，but what to do with the rest？ 29 These simple tips for storing strawberries guarantee the least waste：‎ First things first，don’t wash the strawberries until you’re ready to eat them.Strawberries are ready to absorb water. 30 ‎ If you plan on eating or cooking with the berries within a day and it’s not too terribly hot in your kitchen，you can leave the strawberries out at room temperature.Put them in a pretty bowl within easy eyesight so people remember to eat them.‎ ‎ 31 Take a shallow bowl or plate with a clean kitchen towel.Place the unwashed strawberries in more or less a single layer and refrigerate them.Stored this way，very fresh strawberries will keep for several days.The closer you can create this dry and unpressed situation，the better. 32 ‎ If you’re not planning on using the strawberries within a few days，you’d better freeze them rather than keep them all fresh.Frozen strawberries are perfect for baking up in cakes，and other treats. 33 They say frozen strawberries hold their shape better.Besides，whenever you have strawberries about to be not at their best，you can also place them in the freezer.By the end of strawberry season，you’ll likely have ‎ enough of them to make jam.‎ A．There are different answers to this question.‎ B．They say frozen ones are to be more easily stored.‎ C．Actually，many bakers prefer frozen berries to fresh ones.‎ D．Again，don’t wash them until you’re going to use them!‎ E．And once they’ve met with water，they are quick to rot away.‎ F．For overnight storage，however，you’d better refrigerate them.‎ G Strawberries can go bad easily，especially when not stored correctly.‎ 语篇解读　这是一篇科普类说明文，主要介绍了草莓的贮藏方法。‎ ‎29．答案　G 解析　根据空前的问题和空后的内容可知，G项介绍草莓易烂的属性，起到过渡作用。‎ ‎30．答案　E 解析　根据本段第一句“First things first，don’t wash the strawberries until you’re ready to eat them.”可知，草莓如果不吃，不要清洗，一旦洗了就容易腐烂。分析选项可知E项符合题意。‎ ‎31．答案　F 解析　由空后的内容可知，想让草莓多保存几天，就必须放入冰箱冷藏。分析选项可知F项(如要过夜的储藏，你最好冷藏它们。)符合题意，故选F项。‎ ‎32．答案　D 解析　根据上一句“The closer you can create this dry and unpressed situation，the better.”可知，存放草莓要保持干燥，故不能洗。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D项。‎ ‎33．答案　C 解析　根据上一句“Frozen strawberries are perfect for baking up in cakes，and other treats.(冷冻草莓非常适合烘烤蛋糕和其他食物。)”及下一句“They say frozen strawberries hold their shape better.(他们说冷冻草莓的形状更好。)”可知，面包师一定喜欢这种冷冻草莓。分析选项可知C项(事实上，与新鲜草莓相比，许多面包师更喜欢冷冻草莓。)符合题意。‎ Ⅶ.微写作 ‎ 写作素材 (关于艺术)‎ ‎1．我非常喜欢绘画。尽管我不是传统艺术的专家，我甚至不知道他们都使用了什么技巧。‎ ‎2．但是绘画展览总是很吸引我。‎ ‎3．我经常去画廊，欣赏很多雕塑和绘画。‎ 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。‎ ‎ 连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)‎ I like paintings very much. Though I’m not a specialist in conventional art and I even don’t know the techniques they use，the exhibitions always appeal to me. I often go to visit some galleries and appreciate many sculptures and paintings.‎ Period Four　Grammar—Subjunctive Mood (1)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题 ‎1．If you could have three of these paintings on the walls of your classroom，which would you choose?‎ ‎2．If you were an artist，what kind of pictures would you paint?‎ ‎3．If the rules of perspective had not been discovered，no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.‎ ‎4．Without the new paints and the new technique，we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.‎ ‎5．There are scores of modern art styles，but without the Impressionists，many of these painting styles might not exist.‎ ‎1．在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词常用were)表示与现在事实相反的情况，主句谓语则用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”表示。(如句1、2、4和5)‎ ‎2．在虚拟条件句中，谓语动词一般用过去完成时表示与过去事实可能不符的情况，主句则用“would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词”表示。(如句3)‎ ‎ ‎ 虚拟语气是英语考查的重点之一。虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其使用情况如下：‎ 一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法 if条件从句 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 表示与现在相反的情况 动词过去式(be动词常用were) would/should/could/might＋动词原形 ‎ If we had enough money，we would buy a computer.‎ 如果我们有足够的钱，我们就会买台电脑。‎ 表示与过去相反的情况 had＋过去分词 would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词 ‎ If he had known your address yesterday，he would have visited you.‎ 如果他昨天知道你的地址，他就会拜访你了。‎ 表示与将来相反的情况，是对将来的一种假设(发生的可能性不大) should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形；动词过去式(be动词常用were) would/should/could/might＋动词原形 ‎ 1.If it should rain tomorrow，we’d stay at home.(下雨的可能性并不大)‎ 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。‎ ‎2.If I were to meet Mary some day，I would tell her what has happened here.‎ 如果有一天我遇到玛丽，我就会告诉她这里发生的一切。‎ ‎3.If our train arrived on time，we would have time to visit your sister.‎ 如果我们的火车能按时到达，我们就有时间去看你妹妹。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．虚拟条件句中有had，should，were时，可将if去掉，把had，should，were提到主语之前，即倒装结构，如：‎ Were they here now，they could help us.如果现在他们在这里，他们就能帮助我们。‎ Had I worked harder at school，I’d have got a better job.‎ 如果我在学校学习更努力的话，就会找到一份更好的工作。‎ Should he agree to go there，we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。‎ ‎2．有时条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这类句子称为错综时间条件句。此时主、从句动词的形式应根据各自所表示的时间进行调整。‎ If he had taken my advice then，he wouldn’t be in trouble now.‎ 如果那时他听取了我的建议，现在他就不会有麻烦了。‎ If she were to leave，I would have heard about it.‎ 如果她要走，我会听说的。‎ ‎3．某些介词或介词短语，如but for，without，副词或连词，如otherwise，however，or，but等也可以表达一个暗含的虚拟的条件，这种情况下要仔细阅读上下文的语境。‎ 二、使用虚拟语气的其他情况 ‎1．(1)在wish后的宾语从句，表示现在的愿望，谓语常用过去时。‎ I wish I knew his address.我要是知道他的地址就好了。‎ I wish I were young.我要是年轻就好了。‎ I wish I could swim.我要是会游泳就好了。‎ ‎(2)表示过去不能实现的愿望，并对此感到遗憾或后悔，谓语用过去完成时。‎ I wish you had written to him.我希望你写信给他了。‎ ‎(3)表示将来的愿望，谓语用would/could/might＋动词原形，实现的可能性较低，接近一种客气的请求。‎ I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more.‎ 我希望你不再抽烟了。‎ I wish he could come tomorrow.我希望他明天能来。‎ ‎2．(1)if only后的从句中，表示现在的愿望，谓语常用过去时。‎ If only mother were here now!现在要是妈妈在这里就好了！‎ ‎(2) 表示过去不能实现的愿望，并对此感到遗憾或后悔，谓语用过去完成时。‎ I have failed in the exam.If only I had followed your advice！‎ 我考试没及格。要是我听了你的建议就好了！‎ ‎(3)表示将来的愿望，谓语用would/could/might＋动词原形。‎ If only it would stop raining！要是雨能停就好了！‎ ‎3．在would rather后的宾语从句中，谓语常用一般过去时表示现在或将来的情况；用过去完成时表示过去的情况。‎ I would rather I hadn’t been to such a place.‎ 我宁愿我没有去过那样一个地方。‎ ‎4．在“It is (about/high) time＋(that)．..”结构中，that从句的谓语用过去式，有时也可用“should＋动词原形”形式，should不能省略。‎ It is high time that we fought/should fight against the haze.是我们该同雾霾开战的时候了。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．If we had caught(catch) the flight yesterday，we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.(2018•天津)‎ ‎2．There is a good social life in the village，and I wish I had(have) a second chance to ‎ become more involved.(2018•江苏)‎ ‎3．If the new safety system had been put(put) to use，the accident would never have happened.(2017•北京)‎ ‎4．—Do you have Betty’s phone number?‎ ‎—Yes.Otherwise，I wouldn’t have been(not，be) able to reach her yesterday.(2017•天津)‎ ‎5．Were(be) it not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.(2017•江苏)‎ ‎6．Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you had told(tell) me，I could have helped.(2016•北京)‎ ‎7．If it had not been(not，be) for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now.(2016•江苏)‎ ‎8．I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadn’t been wearing one，I would have been injured(injure).‎ ‎(2016•天津)‎ ‎9．Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway wouldn’t have written(not，write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(2015•重庆)‎ ‎10．I wish I had been(be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.(2015•天津)‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(仅有1处错误)‎ If you arewere me，would you talk to them？(2015•四川，短文改错)‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．If there should be/were(be) any change about the date，I would inform you in time.‎ ‎2．Had the weather been good，the twins would have gone(go) out for a walk.‎ ‎3．My best friend is in trouble.If only I had(have) enough money to help her!‎ ‎4．How I wish I had seen(see) her at the station，but I was too busy.‎ ‎5．We arrived there on time.Otherwise we would have missed(miss) the early bus.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)‎ ‎6．If only I haven’thadn’t played computer games last night!‎ ‎7．If it ∧should或rainrained this afternoon，the football match would be put off.‎ ‎8．If I waswere a big boss，I would help the poor children in the world.‎ ‎9．I would rather I haven’thadn’t accepted his offer that day.‎ ‎10．He wishes his son willwould become a famous doctor someday.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎11．If only I could invent a powerful robot!‎ 要是我能发明一个强大的机器人就好了！‎ ‎12．I wish I could/would go to the moon in a spaceship one day.‎ 我希望有一天我能乘坐宇宙飞船登上月球。‎ ‎13．If he hadn’t been late last night，he would have grasped the chance.‎ 如果他昨晚没有迟到，他就会抓住这次机会了。‎ ‎14．Without exams，we would live a much easier life now.‎ 要是没有考试，现在我们会过着一种轻松很多的生活。‎ ‎15．He would rather he hadn’t shouted at his son that day.‎ 他宁愿那天没有对儿子大喊大叫。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 基础巩固 ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．But for your help，we would have failed(fail) the exam.‎ ‎2．If you had worked carefully，you wouldn’t have made(not，make) so many mistakes.‎ ‎3．If he were(be) here this afternoon I would go with him.‎ ‎4．If it were to rain tomorrow，the match would be postponed(postpone)．‎ ‎5．It’s (high) time we did/should do(do) our homework.‎ ‎6．The play was over.If only you had come(come) a few minutes earlier!‎ ‎7．Without air，there would be(be) no living things.‎ ‎8．Had(have) he been more careful，the mistake would not have been made.‎ ‎9．This watch has gone wrong.I wish I had bought(buy) a better one.‎ ‎10．Don’t come tomorrow.I’d rather you came(come) next week.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)‎ ‎11．If I havehad more time now，I would learn another foreign language.‎ ‎12．I would rather he paintspainted the wall red next time.‎ ‎13．If it hashad not been for the doctor’s timely operation that day，he would have died.‎ ‎14．I wish I ∧had had a chance to talk to you last night，but you left so early.‎ ‎15．If you hadn’t seen that film late last night，you willwould/could/should/might not be so sleepy now.‎ ‎16．They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation，or they would ∧have come to our help.‎ ‎17．If I ∧had paid him more money for it then，he would have felt satisfied with the deal.‎ ‎(2018•山东菏泽期末)‎ ‎18．He werewas very busy last week，or he would have helped you with your experiment.‎ Ⅲ.句型转换 ‎19．If I had studied science instead of literature then，I would have been able to give you more help.‎ ‎→Had I studied science instead of literature then，I would have been able to give you more help.(倒装)‎ ‎20．If it hadn’t been for the teacher’s help，I wouldn’t have made so much progress.‎ ‎→Without/But for/Had it not been for the teacher’s help，I wouldn’t have made so much progress.‎ ‎21．If he had studied hard last term，he would have passed the exam.‎ ‎→He would have passed the exam，but he didn’t study hard last term.‎ ‎22．If I were to do the work，I should do it in a different way.‎ ‎→Were I to do the work，I should do it in a different way.(倒装)‎ ‎23．If I had known she was a liar，I wouldn’t have believed her.‎ ‎→I didn’t know she was a liar，or else/otherwise/or I wouldn’t have believed her.‎ ‎ 能力提升 ‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 A water lily painting，Water Lily Pond，by Claude Monet，the French impressionist artist，was sold for more than 80 million on Tuesday，breaking the auction(拍卖) record for himself.Water Lily Pond was part of a fourwork collection of water lily paintings that Monet put up for sale during his lifetime.‎ The four paintings of Monet’s water lily garden were signed and dated by the artist in 1919.One of the other paintings is at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York，while another was sold at auction in 1992 for 12.1 million and is in a private collection now.The final painting in the series was cut into two before World War Ⅱ.‎ ‎“After a fierce bidding battle between a number of buyers in the room and on the telephone，the painting finally was sold to a collector for 80.4 million，setting a new world record price for the artist at auction，”said Olivier Camu，a scholar of impressionist art.‎ The last record for a Monet work was set in May when Le Pont du Chemin de fer a Argenteuil was sold for 41.4 million.‎ The painting sold on Tuesday was bought at a 1971 New York auction for 320,000.It has not been exhibited since then.‎ Monet’s later works had unique characteristics，especially Les Grandes Decorations，another good example，which was bedded in Musee de I’ Orangerie in Paris five months after Monet’s death in 1926.‎ Monet created his water lily garden in Giverny，France.He selected different water lilies in an effort to get as many different colored flowers as possible，specially creating the garden as a base for his paintings.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇报道。法国印象派画家莫奈创作于1919年的作品《睡莲池》(Water Lily Pond)被拍出了8 040万美元的高价，创造了其作品拍卖价格的最高纪录。‎ ‎24．According to the passage，Water Lily Pond broke the last record for Monet’s paintings by .‎ A. 12 million B. 39 million C. 41.4 million D. 0.32 million 答案　B 解析　数字计算题。根据第三段中的“the painting finally was sold to a collector for 80.4 million”和第四段中的“for 41.4 million”可知，二者差价为 39 million。‎ ‎25．What can we learn about Water Lily Pond?‎ A．It was once auctioned in America.‎ B．It was cut into halves before World War Ⅱ.‎ C．It had been kept in New York for over 40 years.‎ D．It was once put in Musee de I’ Orangerie.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The painting sold on Tuesday was bought at a 1971 New York auction for 320,000.”可知，它曾经在美国被拍卖。‎ ‎26．What does Olivier Camu think of the auction?‎ A．Exciting. B．Inspiring.‎ C．Disappointing. D．Frightening.‎ 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。根据第三段中的“After a fierce bidding battle between...record price for the artist at auction”可知，拍卖的场面是“令人激动的”。‎ ‎27．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Monet and His Water Lily Paintings B．Monet—a Great Impressionist Artist C．Monet’s Garden and Its Characteristics D．Water Lily Pond—Monet’s Bestknown Painting 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。本文讲述了法国印象派画家莫奈创作于1919年的作品《睡莲池》(Water Lily Pond)被拍出了8 040万美元的高价，创造了其作品拍卖价格的最高纪录。故A项“莫奈和他的睡莲画”作标题最合适。‎ Ⅴ.完形填空 The song that has meant the most to me since I was the age of five，watching the movie Space Jam，is called “I Believe I Can Fly” by R．Kelly.Every time I listen to the song，it 28 me that as long as I believe，I can be or do 29 I want in life even with a disability.‎ I didn’t know much of what the song 30 a long time ago but as I grew older，I still loved the song and started to listen to the 31 more and more.Every time I listen to it，I think about all the obstacles I have 32 .‎ When I was little，I had to 33 a wheelchair because I have a disability.The doctors told my mother I had a slim 34 of ever walking but I was 35 to walk because I disliked that wheelchair.I knew that I had to believe in myself to 36 my goal to walk someday.‎ One day the doctor told my mother that he could make a(n) 37 that would help me walk. 38 when I was seven and onehalf，I had my first surgery.‎ I 39 the cast because it was a half body cast，with a bar in the middle of my legs.I was a very 40 kid so being in a bed for six weeks，not being able to move，I felt horrible.I knew after all the 41 and the crying it would be worth 42 it in the long run.‎ ‎ 43 ，at the age of eight，I got my cast off.I felt free when I finally 44 all the therapy(治疗) and learned how to 45 .‎ The song 46 ，“I see me running through that open door.” That’s what I felt like.Like the song says，“There are miracles in life I must achieve，but first I know it starts inside of me，oh...” I am one of the 47 in life.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者被一首叫作“I Believe I Can Fly”的歌曲所鼓舞，勇敢地面对残疾，克服各种困难，最终能够行走的故事。‎ ‎28．A.remembers B．reminds C．regards D．reflects 答案　B 解析　作者每次听这首歌，都提醒他只要他相信，他就能成为任何他想成为的人，做任何他想要做的事，即使身体有残疾。remind sb.that使某人想起，提醒某人，符合语境。‎ ‎29．A.whoever B．whomever C．whichever D．whatever 答案　D 解析　whatever任何事物，什么都可以，引导宾语从句并在从句中作want的宾语，符合文意。‎ ‎30．A.meant B．expected　C．suggested D．provided 答案　A 解析　很久之前作者对这首歌是什么意思知道的不多。mean“意思是，本意是”，符合语境。‎ ‎31．A.voices B．meanings C．words D．rhythms 答案　C 解析　结合上下文可知，此处为随着年龄的增长，作者开始越来越多地听歌词，words在此处意为“歌词”，符合语境。‎ ‎32．A.suffered B．experienced C．encouraged D．overcome 答案　D 解析　从下文内容可知，作者曾克服了很多障碍，结合选项可知，应用overcome，表示“克服”。‎ ‎33．A.apply B．use C．seat D．offer 答案　B 解析　因为残疾，作者不得不使用轮椅，故用use。seat后常接oneself。‎ ‎34．A.chance B．occasion C．condition D．advantage 答案　A 解析　医生告诉作者的妈妈，作者能走路的希望很渺茫。slim修饰chance，指“机会渺茫，可能性很小”。‎ ‎35．A.encouraged B．amazed C．determined D．organized 答案　C 解析　从空前的but和空后的because引导的原因状语从句的内容可以看出，此处是转折关系，因为不喜欢轮椅，作者下定决心去走路，所以用determined。‎ ‎36．A.accomplish B．finish C．complete D．acquire 答案　A 解析　作者知道必须相信自己总有一天会达到学会走路的目标。accomplish完成，取得，符合语境。‎ ‎37．A.operation B．performance C．experiment D．arrangement 答案　A 解析　从空格后的“that would help me walk”可推知，医生能为作者做一个有助于他行走的手术，make an operation“做手术”，符合语境。下文的surgery也是提示。‎ ‎38．A.While B．But C．Or D．So 答案　D 解析　分析上下文可知，此处应为因果关系。‎ ‎39．A.enjoyed B．disliked C．expected D．valued 答案　B 解析　从下文的叙述可知，作者不喜欢这个固定腿的模型。‎ ‎40．A.generous B．kind C．active D．passive 答案　C 解析　从下文的内容可知，作者觉得在床上六周不能动很可怕是因为他是一个活泼好动的孩子。‎ ‎41．A.pain B．joy C．guilt D．embarrassment 答案　A 解析　从上文作者所经历的一切可知，pain“痛苦”，符合语境。‎ ‎42．A.fixing B．wearing C．adjusting D．making 答案　D 解析　作者认为从长远来看，在经历这么多的痛苦和泪水之后，自己所做的这一切都是值得的。‎ ‎43．A.Finally B．Instantly C．Normally D．Regularly 答案　A 解析　从后面的“I got my cast off”可知，此处用finally，表示“最后，终于”的意思。‎ ‎44．A.went on B．went down C．went out D．went through 答案　D 解析　从上下文可知，此处表示作者终于完成了全部治疗。go through经历，完成，符合语境。go on继续；go down下沉，下降；go out外出，熄灭。‎ ‎45．A.live B．walk C．think D．communicate 答案　B 解析　从上文的“that would help me walk”可知，治疗结束后，应是学习如何行走。‎ ‎46．A.speaks B．sings C．says D．answers 答案　C 解析　此处用says，表示歌中唱到的内容，下文的“Like the song says”也是提示。‎ ‎47．A.successes B．surprises C．miracles D．failures 答案　C 解析　结合上一句中的“miracles”可知，此处是作者说他自己是生命中的奇迹之一。‎ Ⅵ.语法填空 How Learning Habits Influence Learning Results It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.There is a famous saying “Good habits lead to good endings”，which shows the 48 (important) of habits.“ 49 apple a day keeps the doctor away” also shows how a healthy living habit helps to build up our body.Therefore，good learning habits can help us gain great learning results， 50 (include) high scores and abundant(大量的) knowledge.Learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitudes towards the content of our learning. 51 (obvious)，a good habit can help us reach our destinations more quickly. 52 we can see，developing a good habit 53 (be) so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habit to you—keeping a learning diary every day.We can start the habit by 54 (write) learning summaries and recording something 55 (impress) and meaningful.Keep it in mind， 56 gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.What’s more，I find that I have some bad learning habits as well.I can only concentrate on reading for a short time and I will conquer this problem by spending more effort 57 concentration practice in future.I believe that through my efforts，I can gain good learning results by having good learning habits.‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了良好的学习习惯的重要性，以及如何养成良好的学习习惯。‎ ‎48．答案　importance 解析　考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知，此处应用important的名词形式。‎ ‎49．答案　An 解析　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，且apple的发音以元音音素开头，故填An。‎ ‎50．答案　including 解析　考查词形转换。including为介词，意为“包括……在内”。‎ ‎51．答案　Obviously 解析　考查副词。空处为副词作状语，故填Obviously。‎ ‎52．答案　As 解析　考查关系词。As we can see意为“正如我们看到的”。As在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。‎ ‎53．答案　is 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上下文时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，且动名词作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is。‎ ‎54．答案　writing 解析　考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动词时应用v.ing形式，故填writing。‎ ‎55．答案　impressive 解析　考查形容词。and连接两个并列的形容词作something的后置定语，故本空填impressive。‎ ‎56．答案　and 解析　考查连词。前面的祈使句与后面的句子之间是顺承关系，故用and连接。‎ ‎57．答案　on 解析　考查介词。spend effort on sth.在此意为“在某事上花费精力”。‎ Ⅶ.短文改错 ‎(2018•山东济南历城二中高二检测)‎ ‎ A musician friend of me once went on an English course during his summer holidays.What he really wants to do was to improve his ability to think and react quick in spoken English.He said speaking a foreign language always made him to feel nervous，even if after three years of study.One of the teacher on the course had very strong views on music，but was not afraid to express them in the lessons.My friend spent most of the class time argue about music with a teacher.When his course finished，he found that his nervousness in English has completely disappeared，and he was speaking far fluently than before.‎ 答案　‎ ‎ A musician friend of memine once went on an English course during his summer holidays.What he really wantswanted to do was to improve his ability to think and react quickquickly in spoken English.He said speaking a foreign language always made him to feel nervous，even if after three years of study.One of the teacherteachers on the course had very strong views on music，butand was not afraid to express them in the lessons.My friend spent most of the class time arguearguing about music with athe teacher.When his course finished，he found that his nervousness in English hashad completely disappeared，and he was speaking far ∧more fluently than before.‎ Period Five　Writing—Persuasive writing：letter of suggestion ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 本单元要求写一封建议信。建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告，以便让对方接受自己的想法、主张并解决有关问题，属于应用文。建议信要给出写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由，而且提出的理由要合情合理，语气一定要得当，既要委婉礼貌，又要有说服力。‎ 建议信一般采取“三段式结构”。‎ 首段：表明意图，陈述事由。‎ 主体段落：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后再写需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。通常以firstly，secondly，thirdly或to begin/start with，then，later，last but not least等依次陈述建议。‎ 结尾段：礼貌地总结或表示期盼回复。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1．注意结构。通常以“三段式”结构行文。‎ ‎2．客观地提出建议，针对对方的问题，给出你的观点。‎ ‎3．语言要委婉、精炼，同时要简洁，表达清楚。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(一)首段常用句式 ‎1．I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my suggestions about how to appreciate ‎ art well.‎ 很高兴收到你的来信，询问我如何很好地欣赏艺术。‎ ‎2．I am sorry you are having difficulty with your physics classes.‎ 很遗憾你在物理学习方面有困难。‎ ‎3．I have learned that you have some trouble in learning art and I would like to offer you the following tips.我知道你在艺术学习方面有困难，因此我想给你提如下一些建议。‎ ‎(二)陈述建议句式 ‎1．If you feel that it is stopping you from doing your best then you should tell him.‎ 如果你觉得这阻止了你做得最好，那你应该告诉他。 ‎ ‎2．(1)It is only when students are not trying as hard as they can that a teacher is forced to take action.‎ ‎(2)Only when students are not trying as hard as they can is a teacher forced to take action.‎ 只有当学生学习不尽力的时候老师才会被迫采取措施。‎ ‎3．It is high time that we put an end to the trend.‎ 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。‎ ‎4．It is time to take the advice of eating more fruit.‎ 该是采纳多吃水果的建议的时候了。‎ ‎5．It is indeed a wonderful idea and everyone hopes for its success.‎ 这真的是一个好主意而且每个人都希望它能成功。‎ ‎(三)结尾句式 ‎1．I do hope you will consider my tips/suggestions.‎ 真心希望你能考虑我的建议。‎ ‎2．I hope you will find these tips helpful.‎ 我希望这些建议对你来说有帮助。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 假定你是李华，你的朋友张柯发email给你，就买什么样的英语词典想听听你的建议。请根据下列提示，用英语给他回一封email，推荐他买电子词典。注意：词数100左右。‎ ‎1．方便、快捷；‎ ‎2．能储存资料；‎ ‎3．发音正确、清晰。‎ 参考词汇：电子词典electronic dictionary；内存RAM ‎ ‎ ‎ 审题 ‎ ‎1．确定体裁：本文为建议信；‎ ‎2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第二人称；‎ ‎3．确定时态：主要使用一般将来时和一般现在时。‎ ‎ 谋篇 ‎ 第一部分，提出建议——买电子词典。‎ 第二部分，给出该建议的理由：方便、快捷、能储存资料、能发音。‎ 第三部分，希望该建议被采纳。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 必备词汇 ‎ ‎1．明智的选择a wise choice ‎2．促成lead to/contribute to ‎3．方便的convenient ‎4．尽可能快as soon as possible ‎5．查阅(资料)consult/look up ‎6．遇到meet with ‎7．很多a number of/a variety of ‎8．为什么不why not ‎ 关键句式 ‎ ‎1．对你来说，买一本电子词典是一个明智的选择。‎ It is a wise choice for you to buy an electronic dictionary.‎ ‎2．有几个因素促成了我的建议。‎ There are several factors which lead to my suggestion.‎ ‎3．无论你到哪里去，带着电子词典都很方便，因为它比普通词典小得多。‎ It is convenient for you to carry the electronic dictionary wherever you go as it is much smaller than the common one.‎ ‎4．在电子词典中，你会非常快地查到你想要的。‎ You can get what you want in the electronic dictionary as soon as possible.‎ ‎5．查阅这种词典很容易。‎ Consulting this kind of dictionary is really a piece of cake.‎ ‎6．当遇到有用的材料时，你可以尽可能多地储存下来。‎ When you meet with useful material，you can store it as much as possible.‎ ‎7．它能够给你生动、清晰和正确的发音，就像一位老师站在你的旁边。‎ It can give you a vivid，clear and correct pronunciation just like a teacher standing by you.‎ ‎8．这让它从众多的其他词典中脱颖而出。‎ This makes it outstanding from a variety of others.‎ ‎ 句式升级 ‎ ‎1．用现在分词短语作定语改写句2。‎ There are several factors leading to my suggestion.‎ ‎2．用for合并句4和句5。‎ You can get what you want in the electronic dictionary as soon as possible，for consulting this kind of dictionary is really a piece of cake.‎ ‎3．用状语从句的省略形式改写句6。‎ When meeting with useful material，you can store it as much as possible.‎ ‎4．用what引导的主语从句合并句7和句8。‎ What makes it outstanding from a variety of others is that it can give you a vivid，clear and correct pronunciation just like a teacher standing by you.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇100词左右的英语短文。‎ ‎ 参考范文 ‎ Dear Zhang Ke，‎ As for the problem you put forward in your last letter，I think it is a wise choice for you to buy an electronic dictionary.‎ There are several factors leading to my suggestion.To begin with，it is convenient for you to carry the electronic dictionary wherever you go as it is much smaller than the common one.Additionally，you can get what you want in the electronic dictionary as soon as possible，for consulting this kind of dictionary is really a piece of cake.When meeting with useful material，you can store it as much as possible because there is much RAM in it.What makes it outstanding from a variety of others is that it can give you a vivid，clear and correct pronunciation just like a teacher standing by you.Since there are so many advantages，why not buy one?‎ I do hope my suggestion will be useful to you.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 单元知识滚动练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Sometimes it may be helpful to use examples to explain abstract(抽象的) concepts.‎ ‎2．He attempted(试图) to slide into the room but was found by his father.‎ ‎3．Warm and wet weather is very typical(典型的) in south China.‎ ‎4．Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death，smartphones defeated conventional(传统的) PCs in sales.‎ ‎5．You look ridiculous(可笑的) in those tight jeans.‎ ‎6．She devotes herself to teaching and it earns her a good reputation(名声)．‎ ‎7．Glasses are fragile(易碎的) and must be handled with great care.‎ ‎8．My studies were devoted almost entirely to contemporary(当代的) literature.‎ ‎9．Most people hope to get permanent(永久的) employment.‎ ‎10．This district(地区) used to grow cotton on a large scale.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 have a preference for，appeal to，be eager to，more than，a great deal，lie in，in the flesh，on display，be aimed at，have faith in ‎11．He looked much shorter in the flesh than on television.‎ ‎12．If you have a preference for something，you would like to have or do that thing rather than something else.‎ ‎13．We improved our studies a great deal with the help of him.‎ ‎14．Tom said he was eager to get back to work as soon as possible.‎ ‎15．The real worth of a man lies in what he is，not in what he has.‎ ‎16．Their performance was excellent and appealed to lots of local fans.‎ ‎17．More than a quarter of the students never finished their courses.‎ ‎18．Some people feel like putting dinosaur fossils on display at their own homes.‎ ‎19．I have faith in you；I am sure you will do well.‎ ‎20．The table tennis team in our school is aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills.‎ Ⅲ.单句语法填空 ‎21．Every city has several shopping districts(district)，which meet women’s desire to buy.‎ ‎22．Not many people agree with the government’s prediction(predict) that the economy will improve.‎ ‎23．Visually impaired people in Australia may soon have some sight thanks to the new invention being created specifically(specific) for them.‎ ‎24．His admission(admit) that he was to blame kept the others from being punished.‎ ‎25．The workday typically(typical) starts right at 8 am and ends at 5：30 pm.‎ ‎26．Tom’s wife is an artist，so you can always see her in art exhibitions(exhibit)．‎ ‎27．History is the best teacher.It faithfully(faith) records the development path of each country and foretells the future to us.‎ ‎28．In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Cultures”，aiming to introduce(introduce) American customs and the life of high school students.‎ ‎29．I am always the first person to get(get) to the office.‎ ‎30．Evidently(evident)，the Spanish team will win the cup.‎ ‎31．Although he doesn’t have much money，he is possessed of good health.‎ ‎32．If it rained(rain) tomorrow，we wouldn’t go hiking.‎ ‎33．—Why do we get up so early?‎ ‎—If we should miss/were to miss/missed(miss) the flight we would have to stay here for another day.‎ ‎34．Had it not been for the help of Mike，she could not have passed the exam.‎ ‎35．I wish I hadn’t wasted(not，waste) so much money when shopping at the supermarket yesterday.‎ Ⅳ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)‎ ‎36．Apart from a few faults，he is a faithfullyfaithful friend.‎ ‎37．He has heart disease.That is whybecause he has been smoking too much.‎ ‎38．It is typicallytypical of Bob to do a disappearing act just when there’s work to be done!‎ ‎39．The ball was in ∧the possession of their opponents for most of the match.‎ ‎40．I’ve attempted ∧to convince her of his honesty，but in vain.‎ ‎41．I would like a job which pays more，but on ∧the other hand，I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.‎ ‎42．In recent years，parents have been attaching a great deal ∧of importance to the education of their children.‎ ‎43．By a coincidence，we arrived here at the same time.‎ ‎44．School starts，but I feel more and more upset as if I amwere in a foreign country now.‎ ‎45．Being allergic ∧to some materials made him give up.‎ Ⅴ.单元语法——完成句子 ‎46．Secondly，if I were you，I would take a walk in the evening with my friends.‎ 第二，如果我是你，我会在傍晚和朋友一起散步。‎ ‎47．Besides，I wish there wouldn’t be too many students in a class.‎ 另外，我希望一个班不会有太多的学生。‎ ‎48．I was too busy at that time；otherwise，I would have called you.‎ 我当时太忙了，否则我就给你打电话了。‎ ‎49．His son had been away from home for a week.He would rather he hadn’t shouted at him.‎ 他的儿子已离家出走一周了，他宁愿自己没对他大喊大叫。‎ ‎50．If only I had come to the party yesterday.‎ 要是我昨天来参加晚会就好了。‎ 单元知识回顾——默写练习(三)‎ Ⅰ.单元知识回顾(共30小题；每题2分，满分60分)‎ ‎1．与faith有关的短语 ‎(1)对……有信心have faith in ‎(2)对……失去信心lose faith in ‎2．与aim有关的短语 ‎(1)力求达到；力争做到aim at doing sth.‎ ‎(2)努力取得aim at/for sth.‎ ‎(3)力争做到aim to do sth.‎ ‎(4)目的是，旨在be aimed at ‎(5)目的是，怀着……的目的with the aim of ‎3．与typical有关的短语 ‎(1)典型的，特有的be typical of ‎(2)某人做某事是经常的，某人一贯好做某事It is typical of sb.to do sth.‎ ‎4．与adopt有关的短语 ‎(1)选……作为……；收养……为……adopt...as...‎ ‎(2)采用某人的建议adopt one’s advice ‎5．与possession有关的短语 ‎(1)具有，拥有in possession of ‎(2)被……拥有，归……所有in the possession of ‎(3)占有，拥有take possession of ‎(4)具有(某种品质、能力等)be possessed of ‎6．与attempt有关的短语 ‎(1)第一次尝试at the first attempt ‎(2)尝试/企图做某事make an attempt to do sth.‎ ‎(3)尝试/企图做某事attempt to do sth.‎ ‎7．(1)一方面……另一方面……(用于表示不同的尤其是相对立的两个方面)on the one hand...on the other hand...‎ ‎(2)一方面……另一方面；一则……二则……(表示相一致的两个方向，常用来陈述理由)for one thing...for another (thing)...‎ ‎8．与figure有关的短语 ‎(1)保持体形keep one’s figure ‎(2)弄明白；计算出figure out ‎9．与preference有关的短语 ‎(1)更喜欢……have a preference for ‎(2)优先于；而不是in preference to ‎(3)与……相比，更喜欢……prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.‎ ‎(4)宁愿做……也不愿做……prefer to do...rather than do...‎ ‎10．与appeal有关的短语 ‎(1)(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣appeal to ‎(2)向某人呼吁/恳求……appeal to sb.for sth./to do sth.‎ ‎(3)恳求；呼吁appeal for ‎(4)发出呼吁make an appeal Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)‎ ‎11．All the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty.It is evident that he couldn’t win the case.我们收集的所有证据都证明他有罪。显然，他不可能赢得这场官司。‎ ‎12．The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.‎ 那个满头长发的男青年看上去像个女孩。‎ ‎13．If he had warned her，she would have avoided the danger in time.‎ 如果他警告过她，她就可以及时避开危险了。‎ ‎14．Present at the meeting are some important figures.出席会议的是一些重要人物。‎ ‎15．She is sad now.I would rather I hadn’t told her the bad news.‎ 现在她很难过。我宁愿没有告诉过她那个坏消息。‎ Ⅲ.知识运用于语境(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)‎ Abstract Art Abstract art used to be controversial.On the one hand，the artists stopped painting delicate figures but attempted 16.to adopt(adopt) special techniques to give people different visual impacts.On the other hand，their works，including 17.sculptures(sculpture) carved out of marble or fragile clay，were all with a specific aim of showing feelings.Some conventional scholars 18.who were allergic to abstract art said it was 19.evidently(evident) ridiculous and neither art nor geometry.Their Traditional Art Committee 20.predicted(predict) its soon disappearing.‎ But nowadays，abstract art has become part of the permanent possessions of contemporary civilization.Galleries along the Madison Avenue give scores of superb exhibitions on typical abstract works,21.appealing(appeal) to many people who have a 22.preference(prefer) for abstract art.The Shadow of Egypt，a café in this district，has become the home to those aggressive abstract artists.Consequently，it is not 23.a coincidence for you to meet one of these artists of great reputation in the flesh.They 24.are asked(ask) for signatures and given bunches of fragrant flowers plus they are given a great deal 25.of praise by their faithful fans.‎ 核心素养拓展练 素养解读　2017版《普通高中课程标准》首次提出“学科核心素养”。英语学科核心素养由语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力构成。随之而来，以后的英语考试将更加坚持能力立意，突出核心素养的考查。下面文段就是围绕“文化意识”这一学科素养展开，通过介绍爵士乐的历史，旨在让人们认识到爵士乐的价值。引导考生树立弘扬优秀文化的意识，了解文化的时代性和发展性，培养考生有健康的审美价值取向，懂得珍惜美好事物等。‎ 主题：文学艺术　学科素养：文化意识 ‎(2017•全国Ⅰ)‎ Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO(United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music，its significance，and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.‎ Despite the celebrations，though，in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older，and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.‎ It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz，Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz，make the music more accessible，and preserve its history and culture.‎ ‎“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite，” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan.“What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore.It’s actually color，and it’s actually digital.”‎ Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.“The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.It has to continue to move，because the way the world works is not the same，” says Moran.‎ Last year，Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party，“just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，” says Moran.“For me，it’s the recontextualization.In music，where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we，as humans，gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context，” says Moran，“so I want to continue those dialogues.Those are the things I want to foster.”‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了国际爵士乐日的设立以及爵士乐现在面临的问题，探讨了爵士乐的未来。‎ ‎1．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?‎ A．To remember the birth of jazz.‎ B．To protect cultural diversity.‎ C．To encourage people to study music.‎ D．To recognize the value of jazz.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“UNESCO...recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music，its significance，and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.”可知，设立国际爵士乐日是为了提高人们对爵士乐价值和潜力的认识，故选D项“认可爵士乐的价值”。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Jazz becoming more accessible.‎ B．The production of jazz growing faster.‎ C．Jazz being less popular with the young.‎ D．The jazz audience becoming larger.‎ 答案　C 解析　代词指代题。第二段提到在美国爵士乐的听众数量正在缩减，爵士乐未能受到年轻一代的欢迎，第三段首句提到Jason Moran的工作就是要帮助改变这一现象，由此可知that指代“爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎”这一现象。故选C项。‎ ‎3．What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?‎ A．It will disappear gradually.‎ B．It remains black and white.‎ C．It should keep up with the times.‎ D．It changes every 50 years.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Jason Moran的话可知，他认为世界的运作方式跟以前不一样了，爵士乐也应该继续发展。故选C项。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Exploring the Future of Jazz B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz C．The Story of a Jazz Musician D．Celebrating the Jazz Day 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。文章介绍了国际爵士乐日的设立，讨论了爵士乐现在面临的问题，即未受到年轻一代的关注，并且让年轻一代重新认识爵士乐，以及指出爵士乐的发展要与时俱进。故A项“探索爵士乐的未来”作为标题最合适。‎ Notes Ⅰ.高频词汇 ‎1.annual adj.每年的；年度的 ‎2.accessible adj.易接近的；可理解的 ‎3.reconsider vt.重新考虑；重新审议 ‎4.foster vt.培养；抚育；促进 Ⅱ.长难句分析 Are we，as humans，gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts？‎ 分析：句子的主语是we，as humans是插入语。on是介词，表示“关于”，后面接了两个宾语，第一个是how to talk about ourselves，第二个是how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts。‎ 翻译：怎样谈论我们自己以及像查理•帕克的唱片那样的抽象的东西如何使我们的感情和思想进行对话，对此我们人类有一些感悟吗？‎ 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A What’s On?‎ ‎ Trouble in Mind ‎ Alice Childress won an OffBroadway award in 1956 for this story of a black ‎ actress rehearsing a play with a white director who increasingly finds it impossible for the show to go on.Tanya Moodie and Joseph Marcell star in the play directed by Laurence Boswell.‎ ‎ 8：30 p．m.—10：30 p．m.，Theatre Royal.Box office: 01225 448844.‎ Lazarus ‎ Inspired by the scifi(science fiction) novel and movie，The Man Who Fell to Earth，this musical deals with a hero，Thomas Newton.Likely to be the autumn’s hottest ticket，the score includes new songs composed by Bowie.‎ ‎ 7：00 p．m.—9：00 p．m.，King’s Cross theatre.Box office: 0844 871 7604.‎ ‎ The Gaul On the night of 8 February 1974，a fisherman FV Gaul disappeared off the coast of Norway.For people on board，waiting for news was great suffering.Theories began to come up，including the possibility that the boat had fallen victim to cold war.Even when he was discovered，many still felt there were questions that remained unanswered.Mark Babych directs Janet Plater’s play.‎ ‎8：00 p．m.—11：00 p．m.，Royal Shakespeare theatre.Box office: 01482 323638.‎ The Suppliant Women It is a new version of Aeschylus’s 2,500yearold play about a group of women seeking shelter who make the long journey to escape forced marriage.It was written by David Greig and directed by Ramin Gray.An ancient piece asks a contemporary question：When we are in trouble，who will open their doors and give us a harbor?‎ ‎8：30 p．m.—10：00 p．m.，Hampstead theatre.Box office: 0131 248 4848.‎ 语篇解读　本文介绍了四部正在上映的剧目。‎ ‎21．In which theatre can the audience enjoy Joseph Marcell’s performance?‎ A．Hampstead theatre.‎ B．Royal Shakespeare theatre.‎ C．King’s Cross theatre.‎ D．Theatre Royal.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Trouble in Mind部分中的“Tanya Moodie and Joseph Marcell star in the play directed by Laurence Boswell.8：30 p．m.—10：30 p．m.，Theatre Royal.Box office: 01225 448844.”可知答案。‎ ‎22．Which one will probably sell best?‎ A．Trouble in Mind.‎ B．Lazarus.‎ C．The Gaul.‎ D．The Suppliant Women.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Lazarus部分中的“Likely to be the autumn’s hottest ticket，the score includes new songs composed by Bowie.”可知答案。‎ ‎23．Who directed the play about the story about who to turn to when we are in trouble?‎ A．Bowie. B．Ramin Gray.‎ C．Mark Babych. D．Laurence Boswell.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It was written by David Greig and directed by Ramin Gray.An ancient piece asks a contemporary question：When we are in trouble，who will open their doors and give us a harbor？”可知答案。‎ B I got a piano when I was 26 years old.I had been longing to play the piano since I was a little girl.My grandmother had a piano in her house.But she gave it away to my aunt when I was still little.After I got married，someone offered a piano to us for 280.We bought it immediately，even though it meant that we had to live off our food storage for a couple of months.‎ Paying a teacher was out of the question，so I set out to teach myself the piano.First，I set out to learn to read music.I got any music I could find and played songs by looking at notes.The problem was that I couldn’t play any piece of music if I didn’t look at notes.‎ I had always thought that playing the piano by ear was reserved for a few select pianists who were born with the gift.However，one day，what a pianist told me changed my opinion.One day，I went to a concert.Luckily，after the concert，I could talk with the pianist for a while.He told me that everyone could play the piano by ear if he or she tried hard enough.He meant that to learn to play the piano by ear，I would have to practice it.‎ So I started playing jingles(短曲) from advertisements.Before long，I was able to pick out simple tunes of songs that were very familiar to me，and even to add accompaniments(伴奏)．When I started practicing playing by ear，I also realized that my sight of reading skills improved greatly.It’s because rather than reading every note，I was able to put my fingers where they should be according to the feel of the music.‎ Remember，you can learn to play the piano by ear，too.‎ 语篇解读　作者讲述了她学习弹钢琴的经历。‎ ‎24．After the author got married，she .‎ A．got a new piano for free B．lived a very rich life C．still longed to play the piano D．had no time for her hobbies 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可推断，作者结婚后仍然想学习弹钢琴。‎ ‎25．What was the problem when the author played the piano at the beginning?‎ A．She had a very poor memory.‎ B．She couldn’t read music well.‎ C．She couldn’t find much music to play.‎ D．She couldn’t play music without notes.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，作者所面临的问题是没有乐谱就不会弹钢琴。‎ ‎26．At first the author considered playing the piano by ear was .‎ A．interesting B．challenging C．popular D．boring 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可推断，作者觉得通过记忆声音弹钢琴很难。‎ ‎27．How does the author usually play the piano now?‎ A．By looking at notes carefully.‎ B．By looking at notes and remembering them.‎ C．By playing the piano without looking at every note.‎ D．By playing the piano without adding accompaniments.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，作者现在弹钢琴时不用完全对着乐谱了。‎ C ‎(2018•全国Ⅱ)‎ We’ve all been there：in a lift，in line at the bank or on an airplane，surrounded by people who are，like us，deeply focused on their smartphones or，worse，struggling with the uncomfortable silence.‎ ‎ What’s the problem？It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence.It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging，or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers，consider that small talk is worth the trouble.Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.‎ Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy，but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication，says Bernardo Carducci，director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk，” he explains.“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others，not just communicate with them.”‎ In a 2014 study，Elizabeth Dunn，associate professor of psychology at UBC，invited people on their way into a coffee shop.One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter；the other，to speak only when necessary.The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband，” says Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our wellbeing also.”‎ Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging，a bond with others.Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners，” he says.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。在智能手机时代，人们似乎都不愿意打破沉默与他人交流。作者在文中指出，我们应该从闲聊开始，学会与人交流，这能增加我们的归属感。‎ ‎28．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?‎ A．Addiction to smartphones.‎ B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places.‎ C．Absence of communication between strangers.‎ D．Impatience with slow service.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。第一段说，在电梯里、在银行排队或者在坐飞机的时候，我们和身边其他人一样忙着看智能手机，或者更糟糕的是，在苦苦应对令人不舒服的沉默。下文接着说，我们可能都不愿意与他人开始交流，因此第一段描述的现象是C项“陌生人之间缺少交流”，这也是全文的主题。‎ ‎29．What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?‎ A．Showing good manners.‎ B．Relating to other people.‎ C．Focusing on a topic.‎ D．Making business deals.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others，not just communicate with them.”可知，成功的闲聊的关键在于与别人取得联系。句中的connect with与B项中的relate to的含义一致。故选B。‎ ‎30．What does the coffeeshop study suggest about small talk?‎ A．It improves family relationships.‎ B．It raises people’s confidence.‎ C．It matters as much as a formal talk.‎ D．It makes people feel good.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。最后两段谈到了2014年的一项研究，在这项研究中，主动与服务员交流的人态度更加积极，这次喝咖啡的体验更快乐，这与D项的陈述是一致的。故选D。‎ ‎31．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Conversation Counts B．Ways of Making Small Talk C．Benefits of Small Talk D．Uncomfortable Silence 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要阐述了闲聊的益处。放下手机，打破沉默，与陌生人开始闲聊，这能让我们的心情更加舒畅，也会增加我们的归属感。因此选C。‎ D Gisele Bundchen and Kate Moss are some of the supermodels of the fashion world.But there are other models whose faces you’ve never seen.They work in body parts modeling，a special area of the modeling business.You have probably seen their beautiful hands or feet in advertisements for gloves or shoes.‎ Helmer，a modeling expert，notes that hands，feet and legs are the most requested body parts for both male and female models.However，if you have attractive eyes，hair，lips or teeth，you can have a try，too.On average，body parts models earn 1,000 per day for TV advertisements，and 2,000 to 5,000 a day for print advertisements.A body parts model with great legs and feet can earn up to 75,000 a year，and even more in New York City，which is home to advertising companies.‎ There are topoftheline parts models.An example is Ellen Sirot，one of the highestpaid hand and foot models in the U．S.Sirot said as a hand model，she can earn as much as 10,000 a day.But feet modeling doesn’t pay much because there aren’t many foot jobs.‎ ‎“It is not enough to have beautiful hands and feet.You have to be able to act with them，” Sirot said.“You need those parts to show feelings to successfully sell a product.”‎ And the fingers and toes must be in excellent condition at any time.Sirot said she wears shoes one size bigger to protect her feet.She said she never wears highheeled(高跟的) shoes except when she’s modeling.Besides，she moisturizes(使湿润) hands and feet 10 times a day.And she wears cotton gloves when she leaves the house—even when she’s sunbathing.‎ 语篇解读　本文是说明文。时尚界有一种模特，他们向人们展示的是手和脚等身体部位。‎ ‎32．Body parts modeling is special because .‎ A．models cannot show their faces B．models may be looked down upon C．models must be beautiful and famous D．models may only show one body part 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“You have probably seen their beautiful hands or feet in advertisements for gloves or shoes.”可知，局部模特只展示身体的一部分，比如手或脚。故选D。‎ ‎33．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?‎ A．Beautiful lips are badly needed.‎ B．Models can make much money.‎ C．Female models are more famous.‎ D．Most models live in New York City.‎ 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“On average，body parts models earn 1,000 per day for TV advertisements，and 2,000 to 5,000 a day for print advertisements.”可知，局部模特拍摄电视广告和平面广告可以赚很多钱。‎ ‎34．To succeed in modeling，Ellen Sirot .‎ A．washes her hands and feet once an hour B．has to wear highheeled shoes every day C．keeps her hands and feet in perfect shape D．sunbathes to keep her hands and feet beautiful 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“And the fingers and toes must be in excellent condition at any time.”可知，西罗特注重保护手和脚，使手指和脚趾始终处于完美的状态。‎ ‎35．What does this passage mainly tell us?‎ A．Ellen Sirot，a hand and foot model.‎ B．Supermodels of the fashion world.‎ C．How to have beautiful hands and feet.‎ D．Models making money with hands or feet.‎ 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段的“They work in body parts modeling...You have probably seen their beautiful hands or feet in advertisements for gloves or shoes.”以及文章的描述可知，本文主要讲的是利用自己的手或脚来挣钱的模特。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Why We Still Need to Read Dickens Walk into any bookstore，and you can hardly avoid “bumping into” Charles Dickens.Many of Dickens’s works still sell well today. 36 ‎ As someone who teaches Dickens，the question of why we still read him is often on my mind. 37 One day nearly 10 years ago，however，when I was giving a lecture，I was telling the students that for Victorian readers，Dickens’s writing was a “tuneinnextweek” type of thing that generated crazes. 38 “But why should we still read this stuff？” the student asked.The answer I gave was only acceptable，“Because he teaches you how to think，” I said.‎ The question annoyed me for years，and for years I told myself answers，but never with complete satisfaction.We read Dickens because he is not just a man of his own times，but also a man for our times.We read Dickens because we can learn from experiences of his characters almost as easily as we can learn from our own experiences.‎ ‎ 39 But these are not exactly the reason why I read Dickens.My search for an answer continued until one day a text message came from a student of mine.“We still read Dickens’s novels，” she wrote，“because they tell us why we are what we are.” Simple as it was，that’s the explanation I had sought for years.‎ Dickens shines a light on who we are during the best of times and worst of times. 40 If you have time，go to pick up one of his many novels，read it and enjoy what it has to tell you about yourself.‎ A．Then a hand shot up.‎ B．I knew that wasn’t really the reason.‎ C．And they are placed on outstanding shelves.‎ D．That question was never more troubling.‎ E．That’s why we still need to read him today.‎ F．I already know who it is I’ll meet in those novels.‎ G．These are all wonderful reasons to read Dickens.‎ 语篇解读　本文对为什么我们今天依然要阅读狄更斯著作的原因进行了分析。‎ ‎36．答案　C 解析　根据前文内容“走进任何一家书店，你肯定会看到狄更斯的书。他的很多作品直到现在仍然畅销。”再结合选项，可知C项“它们被放在很显眼的书架上。”符合语境，承接上文。故选C。‎ ‎37．答案　D 解析　根据上文“the question of why we still read him is often on my mind”‎ 以及下一段中“The question annoyed me for years...”可知，这个问题很烦人，让作者烦恼了许多年。故选D。‎ ‎38．答案　A 解析　根据“‘But why should we still read this stuff？’ the student asked.”可知有一个学生举手提问。故选A。‎ ‎39．答案　G 解析　上一段提到了阅读狄更斯著作的原因，而空后一句“But these are not exactly the reason why I read Dickens.”可知，此句在此应该承上启下，故选G项：这些都是阅读狄更斯著作的很好的理由。‎ ‎40．答案　E 解析　结合全文内容可知，空前一句是作者最终得出的为什么我们今天依然要阅读狄更斯著作的原因。故选E。‎ 第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Cindy glanced nervously at the clock on the wall.“They should be home now，” she 41 as she put the finishing touches on the chocolate cake she was 42 .It was the first time that she had 43 to make a cake，and to be honest，it wasn’t exactly a great 44 .The cake was lumpy(多块状物的) and the 45 was in a mess.‎ But Cindy wasn’t 46 about the mess.She was just anxious for her parents to return home so she could 47 her gift to them.She turned off the lights and waited 48 in the darkness.‎ Soon she heard her parents’ 49 .When they opened the door，she 50 the lights and screamed，“Tadaaa！” Then she gestured towards the table in the kitchen，where a chocolate cake was waiting for their 51 .‎ But her mother’s eyes 52 made it all the way to the table.‎ ‎“Just look at this mess！” she complained.“How many times have I talked to you about 53 up when you have finished your play? You’d better tidy the room right now！”‎ ‎“Honey，” Cindy’s father cut in gently，“take a look at the 54 .”‎ ‎“I know it’s a mess，” Cindy’s mother said 55 .“The whole kitchen is a disaster.I can’t 56 looking at it.” She went into her bedroom angrily.She never saw the cake!‎ ‎ 57 ，Cindy’s mother isn’t the only parent who can’t see the forest for the trees.Our children do need to learn to have 58 ，but it needs to be taught carefully.As a parent，we must never 59 that we’re not teaching lessons but teaching children.That 60 there are times when we need to see the mess in the kitchen，and also times when we need to see the cake.‎ 语篇解读　一个小女孩为自己的父母做了一个蛋糕，但也将厨房弄得乱七八糟。当父母回来的时候，她妈妈却只看到厨房的混乱，而对蛋糕视而不见。‎ ‎41．A.wondered B．laughed C．hoped D．said 答案　D 解析　小女孩独自一人在家做蛋糕，她看了一下表，自言自语地说：“他们该到家了。”‎ ‎42．A.eating B．preparing C．buying D．improving 答案　B 解析　根据下句中的“make a cake”的提示可知，她正在做蛋糕，故选B项。‎ ‎43．A.planned B．persuaded C．tried D．asked 答案　C 解析　这是小女孩第一次尝试(try)做蛋糕。‎ ‎44．A.success B．surprise C．pleasure D．failure 答案　A 解析　根据下句中的“The cake was lumpy”可知，她的蛋糕做得不是很成功。‎ ‎45．A.bedroom B．kitchen C．classroom D．bathroom 答案　B 解析　根据上下文可知，小女孩是在厨房做蛋糕，并把厨房弄得一团糟。‎ ‎46．A.hearing B．talking C．coming D．thinking 答案　D 解析　小女孩此时的思绪不在于厨房的混乱，而在于盼望父母快点回来。‎ ‎47．A.donate B．make C．present D．recommend 答案　C 解析　小女孩焦急地等着父母回来，想把自己做的蛋糕送给他们。‎ ‎48．A.excitedly B．sadly C．calmly D．politely 答案　A 解析　她关掉灯，在黑暗中激动地(excitedly)等着父母回来。‎ ‎49．A.shadows B．gestures C．figures D．footsteps 答案　D 解析　由上下文语境可判断，此处应指她听到父母回家的脚步声(footsteps)。‎ ‎50．A.turned down B．turned off C．turned on D．turned up 答案　C 解析　根据上一段的“She turned off the lights”可知，她先前已经将灯关掉，父母回来后，她把灯打开(turn on)。‎ ‎51．A.praise B．survey C．concern D．command 答案　A 解析　小女孩向厨房的餐桌做了一个手势，餐桌上放着一个蛋糕等着他们表扬(praise)。‎ ‎52．A.sometimes B．never C．often D．always 答案　B 解析　根据倒数第二段的“She never saw the cake！”中never的提示可判断选B项。‎ ‎53．A.growing B．putting C．staying D．cleaning 答案　D 解析　根据下句中的“You’d better tidy the room right now！”可判断选D项。‎ ‎54．A.table B．room C．mess D．daughter 答案　A 解析　父亲想让母亲看看放着蛋糕的桌子。‎ ‎55．A.kindly B．gently C．coldly D．happily 答案　C 解析　从母亲的言行可看出她此刻说话很冷淡。‎ ‎56．A.help B．stand C．prefer D．stop 答案　B 解析　根据“The whole kitchen is a disaster.”可推断出母亲的意思是她无法容忍(stand)看到厨房里的一片混乱。‎ ‎57．A.Finally B．Consequently C．Luckily D．Unfortunately 答案　D 解析　像小女孩的母亲这样的父母很多，而这种教育方法是不妥的，所以很不幸(unfortunately)。‎ ‎58．A.responsibility B．patience C．honesty D．courage 答案　A 解析　我们的孩子的确需要学习怎样拥有责任心(responsibility)，但是这是需要认真教的。‎ ‎59．A.admit B．forget C．regret D．doubt 答案　B 解析　作为父母，我们一定不能忘了(forget)我们不是在教课，而是在教孩子。‎ ‎60．A.proves B．means　C．orders D．denies 答案　B 解析　这意味着(mean)有时候我们需要看到厨房凌乱不堪，而有时候我们需要看到蛋糕。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese ‎ audience.Those programs，ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows， 61 (receive) both commercial success and public attention.‎ Their popularity is 62 (main) based on simple facts.First，they care 63 social concerns.Second，without exception，they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.‎ Despite apparent highlights，much room 64 (leave) for improvement.Above all，commercial interests often outweigh 65 (education) purposes，causing many complaints about the 66 (bearable) advertisements.In addition，some sharp remarks， 67 they are eyecatching，may have misleading effects on the youth.‎ In my opinion，such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely 68 (entertain) the public. 69 is expected，these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.Meanwhile，the 70 (medium) should also safeguard the values of our society.‎ 语篇解读　本文为议论文。作者认为娱乐节目不仅要娱乐观众，同时应承担起更多的社会责任。‎ ‎61．答案　have received 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，programs为复数名词，且和receive之间为主谓关系，又由上句中的时间状语In recent years可知，谓语动词应用have received。‎ ‎62．答案　mainly 解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，is based on为动词短语，故用副词mainly修饰。‎ ‎63．答案　about 解析　考查固定搭配。care about为固定搭配，意为“关心/关注”。故填about。‎ ‎64．答案　is left ‎ 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，leave和room([U]空间)为逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用被动语态，且句子描述的是一般性事实，时态与上文保持一致，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is left。‎ ‎65．答案　educational 解析　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词purposes，应用形容词。故填educational，意为“有教育意义的”。‎ ‎66．答案　unbearable 解析　考查词形转换。根据句中的complaints可知，该空应用bearable的反义词，在单词前加前缀un。‎ ‎67．答案　though/although 解析　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导让步状语从句，故用though或although。‎ ‎68．答案　entertaining 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，of为介词，故用动名词作宾语。‎ ‎69．答案　As 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as意为“正如”。‎ ‎70．答案　media 解析　考查名词的单复数。由语境可知，此处泛指所有媒体，故用medium的复数形式media。‎ 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Ms J．K.Rowling，‎ It is great pleasure to write to you.I like reading all of your Harry Potter book.A few days before，I listened to a radio programme about you.Now I know that you teach English at home and in others countries before you started writing books.I also know that you could only write the first book while your baby daughter was asleep，so you worked on them for five years.That was a very much difficult job.Your son David and your daughter Jessica must be proud for you.I hope I can become as successfully as you when I grow up.Thank you for spending time read my letter.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Michele 答案 Dear Ms J．K.Rowling，‎ ‎ It is∧a/my great pleasure to write to you.I like reading all of your Harry Potter bookbooks.A few days beforeago，I listened to a radio programme about you.Now I know that you teachtaught English at home and in othersother countries before you started writing books.I also know that you could only write the first book while your baby daughter was asleep，so you worked on themit for five years.That was a very much difficult job.Your son David and your daughter Jessica must be proud forof you.I hope I can become as successfullysuccessful as you when I grow up.Thank you for spending time readreading my letter.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Michele 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎ 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Johnson来信说他因对父母说谎而受到严厉批评，因此他情绪低落。请你用英语给他写一封回信，主要内容包括：‎ ‎ 1．进行安慰；‎ ‎ 2．指正错误；‎ ‎ 3．给出建议。‎ 注意：‎ ‎ 1．词数100左右；‎ ‎ 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：沮丧的depressed Dear Johnson，‎ ‎ I’m sorry to hear that you feel depressed now. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎ 参考范文 ‎ Dear Johnson，‎ ‎ I’m sorry to hear that you feel depressed now.Although it’s a shame that you got punished severely by your parents，it’s a useful experience and lesson for you.So you don’t have to feel so depressed，and just let it go.‎ ‎ As a high school student，it’s wrong for you to lie to your parents.We have been taught to be honest since we were very young.We should behave honestly and be ourselves in daily life.In addition，if you get into trouble and need your parents’ help，you’d better go ahead to tell them.In a word，don’t make up any excuse and lie to your parents.I hope you can feel better and come back to the normal life.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua