2020届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit2TheUnitedKingdom单元作业（19页） 19页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修五 Unit 2The United Kingdom 单元作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解 You have just won five million yuan in a lottery (彩票) — how would you spend it? Before you know it, ten minutes has gone on daydreaming. There is a time and a place for daydreaming, but we don't have much control over that. Isn't it worrying that an estimated 30 to 50 percent of our waking time is spent daydreaming? What if your dentist is having that lottery daydream while removing your rotten tooth?‎ Some studies suggest daydreaming makes us unhappy because we are not focusing on what is around us but are instead thinking about the past or future. However, a recent study published in the journal Neuropsychologia finds that mindwandering can be of benefit to us. The researchers measured the brain patterns of more than 100 people using an MRI (核磁共振成像) scanner. This data was compared with tests on creative ability and a questionnaire on how much their minds usually wandered. Those whose minds wandered the most scored higher in creative ability tests and had more efficient brain systems measured in the MRI machine.‎ Being efficient at mindwandering means you can_zone_out and then naturally tune back in without missing any important point or step. Christine Godwin, the lead author of the latest study from the Georgia Institute of Technology, says that if you are focusing on difficult tasks, your performance will drop if your mind wanders. But when tasks are easy, people who have high cognitive ability can let their minds wander because it does not affect their performance. You may be thinking about upcoming goals or problemsolving. These are some of the positive sides to mindwandering.‎ Mindwandering can vary between being more practical or more emotional. What mindwandering seems to be best at, researchers say, is coming up with new solutions to old problems. So, it's not always a waste of time!‎ ‎1．The first paragraph serves as a(n) ________.‎ A．explanation　　　　　　 　B．introduction C．comment D．background 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段引出了“做白日梦”即思维漫游这个话题，故选B项。‎ ‎2．The study published in Neuropsychologia shows that ________.‎ A．daydreaming makes us unhappy B．we are focusing on the past or future C．mindwandering is related to creative ability D．the MRI scanner is helpful in measuring the brain patterns 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, a recent study ...Those whose minds wandered the most scored higher in creative ability tests”可知，《神经心理学》杂志上发表的一项研究发现，思维漫游对人们有好处，那些思维漫游最多的人在创造力测试中得分更高，故C项“思维漫游和创造力有关”符合文意。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A．Get distracted. B．Focus on.‎ C．Be affected. D．Have control.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的“and then naturally tune back in without missing any important point or step(然后自然地调整回来，而不遗漏任何重要的观点或步骤)”可知，zone out意为“‎ 走神，分心”，故选A项。‎ ‎4．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Mindwandering might be dangerous.‎ B．Daydreaming might bring benefits.‎ C．Mindwandering is not a waste of time.‎ D．Daydreaming is hard to be controlled.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“However, a recent study published in the journal Neuropsychologica finds that mindwandering can be of benefit to us.”可知，“做白日梦”即思维漫游对人们有好处。故选B项。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2019·石家庄市重点中学高三摸底)On my way back home I was stopped at traffic lights by some people who asked for help.A woman — in her attempt to give __1__ to an ambulance — had driven her car over stony obstacles that separated the bike line from the street, and, as a result, had gotten her car __2__.She couldn't move the car in any __3__ without damaging it. A couple of people tried to __4__ the car back but the obstacles were too high. Seeing that they couldn't do much about it, they left. The woman in the car tried to __5__ some service, and was told that it would take about 45 minutes for someone to get there.‎ While watching the other people __6__.I realized the woman would be on her own and I imagined how __7__ that would be if I were in her shoes. After some talking, she __8__ me to sit inside her car.‎ I wasn't in a hurry, so I __9__ my family that I would be later and then tried to __10__ the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__.But actually it wasn't too much trouble __12__ they could still pass, and also there wasn't anything she could do about it ‎ __13__. We laughed and __14__ that all we needed was some tea for our picnic.‎ Finally __15__ came and helped her back on the street. She __16__ me and asked for my phone number so she could return the __17__， but I told her it was okay. She seemed to feel much __18__ when we said our goodbyes. I believe that not having to face a difficult situation __19__ can make a lot of__20__.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者安慰并帮助一位在马路上因为给救护车让行而陷入困境的女士的故事。‎ ‎1．A. signal B．way C．time D．help 解析：选B　一位女士试图给一辆救护车让行。give way to ...“让行”，为固定搭配。故选B。‎ ‎2．A. stuck B．broken C．dirty D．abandoned 解析：选A　根据下文“She couldn't move the car”可推知，因为给救护车让行，这位女士的车卡(stuck)在那里不能移动。‎ ‎3．A. sense B．minute C．direction D．line 解析：选C　在不损坏车的情况下，无论往哪个方向(direction)都无法移动。‎ ‎4．A. lift B．hold C．pull D．drive 解析：选A　根据上文“She couldn't move the car”以及下文“but the obstacles were too high”可推知，车子卡在那里，障碍物太高，不能被抬(lift)回来。‎ ‎5．A. offer B．seek C．refuse D．take 解析：选B　那位女士在车里试图寻求(seek)一些能提供帮助的服务。‎ ‎6．A. shout B．discuss C．stand D．leave 解析：选D　根据上文中的“Seeing that they couldn't do much about it, they left.”可知，当时其他人因为帮不了什么忙，都走开(leave)了。‎ ‎7．A. amazing B．pleasant C．uneasy D．incredible 解析：选C　根据上文可知，那位女士的车被卡在障碍物上，其他人又帮不上忙，作者将心比心，觉得此情此景，那位女士一定不舒服(uneasy)。‎ ‎8．A. forced B．invited C．ordered D．allowed 解析：选B　根据语境可推知，那位女士邀请(invited)作者坐进她的车里。‎ ‎9．A. consulted B．warned C．advised D．informed 解析：选D　根据语境及下文“I would be later”可推知，作者是告知(informed)家人一些情况。‎ ‎10．A. persuade B．comfort C．frighten D．satisfy 解析：选B　根据空后的“the woman who seemed to feel stressed about causing others __11__”‎ 可推知，那位女士似乎感到焦虑不安，作者试图宽慰(comfort)她。‎ ‎11．A. trouble B．disbelief C．anxiety D．embarrassment 解析：选A　根据下文中的“But actually it wasn't too much trouble __12__ they could still pass”可推知，那位女士为给他人带来麻烦(trouble)而感到焦虑不安。‎ ‎12．A. though B．until C．since D．unless 解析：选C　根据语境可推知，此处前后内容表示逻辑上的因果关系。故since“因为”符合语境。‎ ‎13．A. anyway B．therefore C．still D．somehow 解析：选A　根据上文“She couldn't move the car in any __3__ without damaging it.”可推知，无论如何(anyway)，那位女士对当时那种情况也是无能为力的。‎ ‎14．A. remembered B．realized C．thought D．joked 解析：选D　由空前的“We laughed”可推知，作者和那位女士当时都笑了，并且开着玩笑(joked)。‎ ‎15. A．news B．my partner C．assistance D．an ambulance 解析：选C　根据空后的“helped her back on the street”可推知，最终援助(assistance)到了，帮那位女士回到了路上。‎ ‎16．A. greeted B．thanked C．accepted D．attracted 解析：选B　根据语境可知，作者去安慰那位受困的女士，那位女士在最终解困后应是感谢(thanked)作者。‎ ‎17．A. car B．company C．favor D．picnic 解析：选C　根据语境可推知，那位女士想要作者的电话号码，以回报作者的帮助(favor)。‎ ‎18．A. nervous B．unwilling C．disappointed D．better 解析：选D　根据语境可知，那位女士从困境中解脱出来，感觉比之前好了许多。故D项符合语境。‎ ‎19．A. alone B．bravely C．bitterly D．directly 解析：选A　根据上文可知，由于作者的帮助和安慰，那位女士最终心情变得好了许多，由此可推知，她当时不是独自(alone)面对困境。‎ ‎20．A. decision B．fortune C．choice D．difference 解析：选D　根据上文可知，作者认为不用独自面对困境可以产生很大影响(difference)。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 When I was a university student, I __1__ (attract) by the Chinese. So I got a job as a teacher in Wuhan three years ago.__2__ (think) back, I realize it was the students I met in the first year and Chinese university life in general __3__ gave me the deepest impression.‎ During my schooldays, I would rarely give up my spare time to any activity __4__ (connect) with study. Unless exams were approaching, my ‎ weekends were devoted to having fun or perhaps a parttime job. My Chinese classmates, __5__ the other hand, seemed to spend their entire waking hours studying. I understand that competition in Chinese universities is extremely fierce. Nonetheless, their energy and motivation put __6__ (I) to shame.‎ My first year in China was also my first year as a teacher. It was both challenging __7__ rewarding. One thing I know for certain is that my year in Wuhan helped me change for the __8__ (good)．Thanks to the politeness and __9__ (warm) of Chinese students, I overcame my fear of speaking in public and became more selfconfident. Most __10__ (important), I met dozens of nice people and made many excellent friends.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者三年前来到武汉，并成为一名老师。中国学生以及中国的大学生活令作者印象深刻。在中国的教学经历也使作者自身得到提升和改变。‎ ‎1．was attracted　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语I与动词attract之间为被动关系，所以空处应用被动语态；结合时间状语从句“When I was a university student”可知，此处叙述的是过去的情况，故所填谓语动词用一般过去时，故此处填was attracted。‎ ‎2．Thinking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，I与动词think之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，且非谓语动词所表示的动作几乎与谓语动词realize所表示的动作同时发生，故此处应用动词ing形式，故此处填Thinking。‎ ‎3．that　考查强调句型。谓语动词realize之后所接的是省略that的宾语从句，而该从句属于强调句型，所强调的部分是“the students I met ...in general”，包含人和事物，所以空处应填that。‎ ‎4．connected　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词connect与activity之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用connect的过去分词形式作后置定语。‎ ‎5．on　考查介词。由语境可知，此处表示两种情况的对比，应用介词on, on the other hand为固定搭配，意为“另一方面”。‎ ‎6．me　考查代词。所填词作动词的宾语，故用人称代词I的宾格形式me。‎ ‎7．and　考查连词。此处表示“这既具有挑战性又有意义”。both ...and ...意为“既……又……”。‎ ‎8．better　考查形容词比较级。结合下文中的“I overcame my fear of speaking in public and became more selfconfident”可知，此处指的是“在武汉的这一年使我变得更好”，故用better。‎ ‎9．warmth　考查名词。thanks to为介词短语，其后可接名词作宾语，再结合“politeness and”可知，空处应填warmth。‎ ‎10．importantly　考查副词。结合语境可知，此处表示“最重要的是”，修饰整个句子，应用副词，故此处应填importantly。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2019·成都市毕业班摸底)It was my birthday and I was looking forward to see my friends. We were meeting at my favorite Italian restaurant. I was exciting and got to a restaurant at exactly 7 o'clock. I looked around for a familiar face but failed. I decided not to wait for him patiently. The restaurant quickly filled up with customer, but none of them were my friends. I called Lily, but she didn't answer. I felt lonely and sadly. My friends had forgotten my birthday. I went home, opened the door and walk into the dark house. Suddenly the lights went off and my friends jumped up and shouted “Surprise！” They hadn't forgotten, it was the best birthday ever.‎ 答案：第一句：see→seeing 第三句：exciting→excited; a→the 第五句：去掉not; him→them 第六句：customer→customers 第八句：sadly→sad 第十句：walk→walked 第十一句：off→on 第十二句：it前加and 高考书面表达专题解题指导 必背范文十七 说明文 模板一 Topic ‎ ①________ is a most effective _______to _______. ②For most people, it’s almost impossible to ______. ③________is really _________.④With the functions of _______,it enables us to _______.⑤It can even ______. ⑥Just imagine, all this can be done with _______. ⑦A convenient tool can certainly make _______, but it doesn’t always help _______.⑧Too much _________.⑨Too many ________.⑩Relying too much on _______ makes ________. ‎ ‎①点明要介绍的事物的必要性 ②介绍该事物对多数人的重要意义 ③该事物优势或显著特点 ④该事物的作用 ⑤进一步说明该事物的作用 ⑥说明该事物的重要性 ⑦承上启下，介绍事物的另一方面 ⑧该事物的负面影响一 ⑨该事物的负面影响二 ⑩总结说明过分使用该物品给我们带来的负面影响。‎ 模板二 说明原因型说明文模板 ‎　　Nowadays, there are more and more in some big cities. It is estimated that ____________________.（用具体数据说明某现象）‎ ‎　　Why have there been so many ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first reason is that __________________.（原因一）Besides, __________________.（原因二）The third reason is __________________.（原因三）To sum up, the main cause of is due to__________________ .（指出主要原因）‎ ‎　　It is high time that something should be done. For one thing, __________________.（解决建议一）‎ ‎　　For another thing, . All these measures will certainly __________________.（解决建议二）‎ 模板三 描述事物型说明文模板 ‎　　What I have known about is that _________________.（具体描述某事物）‎ ‎　　Firstly, __________________.（描述要点一）__________________.（具体阐述要点一）Secondly, __________________.（描述要点二）（具体阐述要点二）__________________. As a college student, __________________.（结合自身描述要点三）‎ ‎　　All in all, __________________.（做出总结）Therefore, we should __________________.（提出建议）‎ 模板四 问题解决型说明文模板 ‎　　In recent days, there has been a problem , which is becoming more and more serious.（说明问题及其现状）First, __________________. Second, __________________.（进一步阐释现状）‎ ‎　　We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ________. For another thing, ________. Finally, ________.（列举解决该问题的方法）‎ Personally, I believe that ________/Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ________.（结尾段，指出＂我＂的信心及理由）‎ 模板五 说明利弊题型说明文模板 ‎ ‎ Nowadays, many people prefer A because it is playing a more and more important role in our daily life. Generally/Generally speaking/On the whole, its advantages can be seen as follows./it has the following advantages. First of all, _________________ (A的优点之一). Besides,/What’s more, _________________A的优点之二）.‎ ‎ However, every coin has two sides./Everything has both advantages and disadvantages. The negative aspects are also apparent./Its disadvantages are also obvious. One of the important disadvantages is that _________________ (A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,/To make the matter worse,/To make things worse/What’s worse, _________________(A的第二个缺点)．‎ ‎ Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones./The above analysis shows us that it has more advantages than disadvantages. Therefore, I would like to _________________ (我的看法)．‎ ‎ (From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only in this way can we_________________(对前景的预测)．)‎ ‎1简要说明图表内容的句型： 从图表可以看出 ‎ The table/chart shows that …‎ ‎ As can be seen from the chart…‎ From the table/chart/forms we can see…‎ The table tells us that…‎ ‎2表示变化/比较的句型： ‎ There was a great / slight increase/rise in … ‎ There has been a sudden /slow/rapid fall/ drop in… It is 20% lower /higher than… ‎ The number/rate has nearly doubled, as against that of last year.‎ The number is … times as much as that of…‎ It increases/rises/decreases/reduces by … times/ … percent/ 2/3. ‎ ‎3说明原因的句型： ‎ The reason for …is that… ‎ One may think of the change as a result of…‎ The change in… largely results from the fact that…‎ There are several causes for this significant growth in … First…This brings out the important fact tha…‎ ‎4 结尾句型： ‎ In summary, it is important…. ‎ From what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion that… ‎ Obviously, if we want to…, it is necessary ….‎ ‎ There is no doubt that attention must be paid…‎ ‎ ‎ Writing1‎ 学校正在组织科技创新大赛，你想为日常生活中某件物品（如钢笔、书包、鞋子……)设计添加新功能来参赛。请以＂My Magic_______＂为题写一篇英语短文，介绍你的创意。‎ 内容：‎ ‎1.说明设计理由；‎ ‎2.介绍新功能。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数不少于120‎ ‎2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文】‎ My magic pen Pens are necessities for every student. So we are all familiar with them. ‎ I design my pen. On the one hand, it’s easy to carry. On the other hand, it’s used not only for writing but also for other important aspects.‎ Firstly, I put some batteries in the pen and fix a light bulb, so when it is dark on my way home or to school, I can use it for a flasher. I won’t be afraid of darkness any more. Secondly, I fix a tiny clock in the pen, so I can know the time and I don’t have to wear my watch. At last, I put a sharp knife on the top of the pen, I can either use it for cutting things or even protecting myself when I come across danger. ‎ Such is the pen which I designed. Isn’t it useful and attractive? ‎ Writing2‎ 请以＂我最喜欢的未来机器人＂为题，写一篇100 词左右的说明文，描述自己理想中的未来机器人。要包含以下要点：‎ ‎1.我理想中的未来机器人是一个英俊的小伙子， 名叫杰里；‎ ‎2.他不仅歌唱得好，也擅长踢足球。他很聪明，能说流利的中文和英文；‎ ‎3.他理解我、关心我。当我沮丧时，他会鼓励我； 当我取得很大进步时，他会表扬我；‎ ‎4.他帮我学习；‎ ‎5.杰里是我最好的朋友，我非常喜欢他。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ ‎ Writing3‎ 仔细观察下面一幅图画，根据图画的内容，写一篇100词左右的英语短文。‎ 情景：假定你叫李华，家住香港。你和几个朋友约定星期六在中心公园聚会。现请你写封信邀请在学校居住的Brown女士参加，并根据下图告诉她来中心公园的路线。‎ 参考词汇：have a gathering party(聚会)‎ ‎ ‎ Dear Mrs Brown,‎ We are so glad that you're coming to join us on Saturday. Here is how you can find us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎ Writing4‎ 请根据下面的提示，以＂广告＂为题写一篇说明文。‎ 在现代社会中，广告随处可见，它们出现在电视荧光幕（TV ‎ screen）上，在报纸和杂志上也占有显著地位。它们展示（display）或画在墙上，甚至在公交车上。说实在的，今天在公共场所，很难没有广告。‎ 广告在经济活动中（economic activities），确实扮演了重要角色。它们告诉大众新产品，并且有助销售。不幸的是，有些广告不诚实，它们千方百计欺骗消费者（consumer），因此，我们固然承认广告能帮助我们，但我们也要时常对它们小心, 免受欺骗。‎ 注意： ‎ ‎1. 文章必须包括提示要点，请不要逐字翻译，行文需连贯通顺；‎ ‎2. 词数100－120词； ‎ ‎3. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文】‎ Advertisements ‎　　Advertisements can be seen everywhere in modern society. They appear on the TV screen. They occupy an obvious place in newspapers and magazines. They are displayed or painted on walls and even on buses. Indeed, it is difficult to find a public place without advertisements nowadays.‎ ‎　　It is true that advertisements play an important role in economic activities. They tell people about new products and help promote sales. Unfortunately, some of the advertisements are not true. They cheat consumers one way or another. So, admitting that advertisements can help us, we should also be aware of them from time to time and not be a slave to them!‎ Writing5‎ 人人都渴望朋友和友谊。为此，有人提出了建立，加深和保持友谊的三要素：1.诚实：建立友谊；2.慷慨大方和乐于分享：加深友谊；3.通情达理：使友谊持久。请围绕以上三点，写一篇说明文，‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.使用一般现在时态；‎ ‎2.词数100左右；‎ ‎3.参考词汇：understanding adj./n.通情达理的/理解；generosity n.慷慨大方。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文】‎ To establish a long-term friendship，we must learn three important factors：be honest，be generous and be understanding .‎ First, honesty is where friendship starts. Friends must trust each other. If we tell lies, our friends will find out that we aren’t reliable, which may result in losing friends. Second, generosity means sharing, aimed at helping friendship grow. But it is not involved with only money. We can share other valuable things such as studying skills and feelings, etc. Third, understanding makes our friendship last longer. If friends have quarrels , just put ourselves in our friends’ shoes, and we can understand them better, thus making up and as a result, our friendship will be stronger and stronger and last forever.‎ Writing6‎ 写一篇说明文。现在有些父母成为＂孩奴＂：养育孩子耗费了父母大部分收入；出现这种现象的原因在于经济压力和攀比心理；分析这种现象对于父母和国家的发展可能产生的影响。‎ 要求：‎ ‎1.词数：150左右；‎ ‎2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.开头已经给出，不计入总词数。‎ Parents’ Being Slaves to the Children Parents’ being slaves to their children or ＂child’s salve＂ is nowadays a hot topic in China. ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ ‎