高考英语二轮复习考前三个月专题六书面表达分类突破技法指导佳作鉴赏 6页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 专题六 分类突破技法指导 佳作鉴赏 考情分析 近三年高考全国卷书面表达考情统计如下： 年份 文体 写作内容 题型 2016·全国Ⅰ 书信 请外教 Ms.Jenkins 帮忙修改申请书和个人简历 要点提示 2016·全国Ⅱ 书信 学校举行摄影展，请 Peter 提供作品 要点提示 2016·全国Ⅲ 邮件 因故不能赴约，写邮件向 Bob 道歉 要点提示 2015·全国Ⅰ 书信 约稿信，介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活 要点提示 2015·全国Ⅱ 邮件 邀请外教露西一同去敬老院，陪老人们过重阳节 要点提示 2014·全国Ⅰ 书信 给英国的一所学校写一封信询问有关情况 图表提示 2014·全国Ⅱ 记叙文 想象“十年后的我”是什么样子 要点提示 根据以上的统计，可以总结出高考全国卷英语书面表达的特点如下： 1．体裁稳定，应用文占据主导地位； 2．写作话题与考生日常生活密切相关； 3．突出考查考生在真实的情景中实际运用语言的能力； 4．试题给予考生自由发挥的空间。 技法指导 佳作鉴赏 写作步骤 1．审。“审”即审题。审题时一定要做到全面。全面的审题包括五个方面：审文体，审人称， 审格式，审时态，审要点。 2．列。“列”即列要点。表达出全部的要点是得高分的基本保证，漏掉要点得分档次就会降 低。因此，要列出所有需要表达的要点，做好写作准备。 3．造。“造”即造句。列出全部要点之后，把要点扩充成完整的句子。造句时要结合时态、 人称等，准确选词，选择运用所学的句型句式，准确表达各个要点。这一步骤的要求是：词 汇要高级，句式要多变。 4．连。“连”即连句成段。灵活、巧妙而恰当地运用衔接过渡词，利用好“启、承、转、合” 四方法使文章流畅自然。还可以适当添加细节，使文章的内容更加完善、全面。 5．改。“改”即修改。阅读整篇文章，检查文章是否包括所有要点，发现并改正文章中的错 误，如单词拼写、词语搭配、人称、时态、语态、主谓一致、句式、从句的引导词、标点符 号、大小写等。 6．抄。“抄”即抄写。经过修改无误之后，工整地把文章抄到答题区域。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 写作技巧 1．写好五种基本句型，确保写对简单句 熟练运用五种基本句型是写作的基本要求。 (1)主语＋谓语。该句型常用来表示主语的动作或状态。句型中的谓语动词能表达完整的意思。 要用不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语，动词后不能直接跟宾语，但可以跟副词、介词 短语、状语从句等状语。 After that，I set out to read widely for an inspiring topic...(2016·浙江) This camp will open on July 20th.(2015·北京) (2)主语＋谓语＋宾语。该句型中的谓语动词要用及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语。谓语动 词本身的意义不够完整，后面必须跟宾语。作宾语的成分可以是名词、代词、动词不定式、 动名词、从句等。 Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show.(2016·全国Ⅱ) I appreciated my maths teacher’s praise and encouragement very much.(2015·湖南) (3)主语＋系动词＋表语。该句型侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词常用系动词(主要 是 be 动词)，表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式、分词、从句等。 The theme of the show is environmental protection.(2016·全国Ⅱ) The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.(2015·全国Ⅰ) (4)主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。该句型中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的 意思。一个是指人的间接宾语，一个是指物的直接宾语。通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾 语在后。有时也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，此时需要在间接宾语前加介词 for 或 to。 I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.(2016·全国Ⅲ ) First，he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.(2015·北 京) (5)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语。该句型中的谓语动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟宾语还 不能表达完整的意思，必须要加上一个补足成分来说明宾语。能作宾语补足语的成分有：名 词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词等。 In fact，he inspires me to major in English in college，to be a bridge between China and the world.(2016·北京) I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday.(2015·全国Ⅱ) 2．掌握四种并列关系，写好用好并列句 由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上独立的句子就是并列句。其句式特点是：句子之间用逗号 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 ＋连词或分号隔开。并列连词的分类： (1)同等并列关系：and，both...and...，not only...but also...等。 I know you take good pictures and you’ve always wanted to do something for environmental protection.(2016·全国Ⅱ) Online voting becomes increasingly popular， and many competitions get people involved in it.(2016·江苏) It not only affects our everyday life，but may also threaten people’s lives.(2015·江 苏) (2)选择关系：or，otherwise，either...or...，neither...nor...等。 He neither drinks，smokes，nor eats meat. Put on your coat，or you’ll catch a cold. (3)转折关系：but，while 等。 It is beneficial to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.(2016·江苏) Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer place.(2015·浙江) (4)因果关系：so，for 等。 So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report.(2014·北京) The boy，being poor，couldn’t afford even a candle，so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor’s house to read at night.(2015·福建) 3．熟悉三大复合句式，恰当运用高级句型 恰当运用两三个高级句式是获得高分的必备条件。 (1)定语从句。定语从句分为限制性和非限制性定语从句，有多种形式。最常用的是 as 和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句。 Any student who is interested is welcome to participate.(2016·全国Ⅱ) We’ll also spend some fun time together，singing，dancing and playing games，which we hope will make them happy.(2015·全国Ⅱ) (2)名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。其中 what、 that 引导的名词性从句是写作中常见的高级表达方式。what 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或 者定语，而 that 在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义，只起连接作用。 I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon.(2016·全国Ⅲ) (3)状语从句。状语从句包括时间、地点、条件、目的、原因、方式、结果、让步、比较状语 从句。状语从句也是考生掌握相对较好的一种从句类型。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 We can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books.(2016·全 国Ⅲ) I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.(2016·全国Ⅱ) 4．巧妙遣词造句，实现句式升级 (1)多用被动结构 Therefore，rules should be worked out and strictly observed.(2016·江苏) A week before Earth Day，posters were put up around our school，calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.(2016·北京) (2)巧用特殊句式 If not，let me know what time suits you best.(2016·全国Ⅲ) It is not the story itself but what is in the story that counts.(2015·福建) (3)善用分词结构 A week before Earth Day，posters were put up around our school，calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.(2016·北京) It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.(2015·全国Ⅰ) Thinking that his solution might be wrong，I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.(2015·湖北) 佳作鉴赏 (一) (2016·全国Ⅰ) 假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外资公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历(resume)。给外教 Ms.Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 满分作文 Dear Ms.Jenkins， I want to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I’m writing to ask you for some help. In order to earn some extra money and reduce my family’s burden，I’d like to go to a foreign capital company to find a parttime job.I’ve finished the application form and personal resume.But I’m not sure if they are written well enough to catch their eye.Please refer to the attachments which include the application form and 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 resume.You can correct any mistakes you find in them. I’d appreciate it if you could help me revise them. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 名师点评 1．覆盖了所有的内容要点并且适当发挥，交代了事情的前因后果，使得文章的语境更加充分， 符合逻辑。 2．用了较多的高级词汇，如：extra，reduce，application，attachment 等。熟练运用了 一些短语如：ask sb.for help，reduce one’s burden，catch one’s eye，refer to 等， 使文章生动。 3．所用句式灵活多变。文章中使用了多种句式，如 I’m not sure if...，which 引导的定 语从句，I’d appreciate it if you could do...等。 4．恰当使用了语句间的连接成分，如：in order to...，but 使得全文结构紧凑，上下文连 贯，衔接自然。 (二) (2015·全国Ⅰ) 假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。 请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下： 1．栏目介绍； 2．稿件内容； 3．稿件长度：约 400 词； 4．交稿日期：6 月 28 日前。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头语已为你写好。 Dear Peter， I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper. 满分作文 Dear Peter， I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper. The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative.400 words would be fine.Could we have your article before June 28? I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours， Li Hua 名师点评 1．覆盖了所有的内容要点。 2．应用了较多的高级词汇和短语，如：relevant，informative，carry articles，spend holidays and festivals 等。这使文章增色不少。 3．句式丰富多变。文章中使用了多种句式，如 how 引导的宾语从句，so long as 引导的条 件状语从句，非谓语动词短语 written by...，以及客套委婉词 would 的恰当运用等。