高一英语教案：第15讲 动名词和不定式作宾语 15页

辅导教案 学员姓名： 学科教师：‎ 年 级： 高一 辅导科目：英语 ‎ 授课日期 ‎××年××月××日 时 间 A / B / C / D / E / F段 主 题 动名词与不定式做宾语 ‎ 教学内容 ‎（本次课的重点、难点以及达到怎样的情感目标）‎ ‎1. 掌握常考动名词与不定式的用法；‎ ‎2. 能在具体语境中灵活运用动名词和不定式。‎ 教学建议：‎ 1. 此部分主要让学生了解动名词及不定式作宾语的部分用法。‎ 2. 建议老师让学生来猜测句子所表达的含义 3. 通过比较几个句子黑体部分分词所在位置及含义总结出名词及不定式作宾语的部分用法。‎ 名句赏析 ‎1. Learn to walk before you run. 循序渐进。 ‎ ‎2. A man is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。‎ ‎3. It is sweet and glorious to die for one's country． 为国捐躯，愉快而光荣。 ‎ ‎4. Saving is getting. 节约就是获得; 节约而后有。‎ ‎5. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. ‎ 生活无目标犹如航海无指南针。 ‎ 教学建议： ‎ 1. 此部分内容较多，建议老师根据学生的程度选择使用；‎ 2. 对于程度中等及偏上的学生可采用以教带学的方式，每个学生负责一个知识点进行讲解，辅以对应的练习来检测学生掌握情况，对于学生错误较多之处老师进行重点讲解和拓展；‎ ‎3. 对于程度中等以下的学生，老师需要对没一个考点逐一进行讲解；‎ ‎4. 较简单的课堂练习可以采取边做边讲或者现场提问的形式以节约课堂时间。‎ 动名词作动词宾语 ‎1. 常见的只能接动名词不能接不定式作宾语的动词，记住下列动词可以避免在使用时产生错误。‎ ‎ 表示“建议”、“完成”、“推迟”和“想像”：suggest, finish, postpone, delay, imagine 表示“需要”、“承认”、“介意”和“原谅”：require，admit，mind，pardon，excuse 表示“避免”、“冒险”、“练”、“逃”和“错过”：avoid, risk, practice, escape, miss ‎ 表示“允许”、“考虑”、“理解”和“欢”、“赏”：allow, permit, consider, understand, enjoy, appreciate ‎2. 常见的可以接动名词作宾语，而且也可用“sb.／sth. doing”结构的动词有appreciate, consider, excuse, mind, propose, suggest, admit, delay, prevent, decline, forgive等。‎ ‎3. 但是在advise, allow, permit后，如果提到有关的人，可用动词不定式结构：sb. to do。‎ 练习：选择最佳答案。‎ ‎1. He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk the good opportunity.‎ A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost ‎2. We are considering a new decision.‎ A. making B. being made C. to make D. to have made ‎3. —I usually go there by train.‎ ‎—Why not by boat for a change?‎ A. try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. trying going ‎4. Our monitor suggested a discussion on the new holiday plan.‎ A. to have B. should have C. have D. having ‎5. The wild rabbit was lucky that it just missed .‎ A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch ‎6. Can you imagine yourself on a lonely island for three years?‎ A. staying B. stay C. have stayed D. being stayed ‎7. We can understand why he avoids us.‎ A. meet B. to meet C. having met D. meeting ‎8. Please excuse my to the party without .‎ A. come. . . asking B. coming.. . asking C. to come... bring asked D. coming... being asked ‎9. Why have they delayed the new hospital?‎ A. opening B. to open C. having opened D. to have opened ‎10. All said that she wouldn't mind alone at home.‎ A. left B. being left C. to be left D. leaving Keys: 1-5 BAADC 6-10 ADDAB 动名词作介词宾语 动名词作介词宾语常用在某些动词短语后：‎ insist on. keep on. get used to, see to, pay attention to, take to, equal to, ‎ give up, persist in, aim at, believe in, be engaged in, care for, accuse…of, put off, prevent…from, thank…for, devote…to, depend on. set about, be fond of, ‎ be tired of, be sick of, succeed in, be keen on, be responsible for, worry about, ‎ apologize for, advise on, feel like, put off, get through, think of, ‎ set about, be capable of, dream of, lead to, charge…of 练习：选择最佳答案。‎ ‎1. The discovery of new evidence led to .‎ A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught ‎2. He hasn't got used in France yet.‎ A. live B. to live C. to living D. living ‎3. He insisted on abroad for his post-graduate study.‎ A. he should B. he go C. his going D. him to go ‎4. The teacher began by us where the city was and went on about its history.‎ A. telling... to talk B. to tell... to talk C. telling... talking D. to tell... talking ‎5. That evening, he set about the report the next morning.‎ A. write... to hand in B. to write. .. handing in C. written... to hand in D. writing... to be handed in ‎6. Do you feel like out or would you rather dinner at home?‎ A. eating. . . have B. to eat. . . to have C. eating... to have D. to eat. . . having ‎7. The secretary was very busy his report. He was far too busy phone calls.‎ A. to prepare... answering B. in preparing. . . answering C. to prepare... to answer D. preparing... to answer ‎8. Jane never dreamed of such a good job opportunity in the southern city.‎ A. there was B. there to be C. there be D. there being ‎9. It's nice to walk along the country paths with _______ grass.‎ A. covered... growing B. covering... growing C. covering... grown D. to cover.. . grown ‎ ‎10. Though it began , the soldiers kept on towards the front.‎ A. raining... advancing B. to rain... advancing C. raining. . . with the advance D. to rain. . . to advance Keys: 1-5 CCCAD 6-10 ADDAB 不定式作宾语 ‎1. 只能以不定式作宾语，而不能以动名词作宾语的动词有：‎ ‎ （“希望”干）wish, hope, expect, long, desire;‎ ‎ （早“打算”）plan, mean, prepare, attempt, intend;‎ ‎ （“同意”“否”）agree, consent, refuse, decline;‎ ‎ （“寻”“问”看）seek, ask, beg;‎ ‎ （“选”“定”了）choose, decide, determine, promise;‎ ‎ （“尽”“自愿”）manage, volunteer, tend;‎ ‎ (“称”“失败”）claim, fail;‎ ‎ （“敢”“装蒜”）dare, pretend ‎2. 可用于“动词+ it+形容词／名词+to do sth．”结构中的动词有feel, find, make, think, believe, consider等。‎ ‎3. 以动词不定式作宾语的形容词有happy，glad，pleased，sure，ready，anxious，eager，free，afraid，willing等。‎ ‎4. 有些介词后也可以不定式作宾语，如介词but，about，except，save等。‎ 练习：选择最佳答案 ‎1. The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.‎ A. causing B. being caused ‎ C. to be caused D. to have been caused ‎2. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need A. that. .. to be improved B. which ... to be improved C. where. . . to be improving D. when.. . improving ‎3. Remember the magazine when you have finished reading it.‎ A. putting back B. having put back C. to put back D. will put back ‎4. —I'm sorry I forgot your dictionary.‎ ‎—Let's use Li Hua's.‎ A. to take B. taking C. to bring D. bringing ‎5. At the moment, Jason is considering next.‎ A. to do what B. what to do C. doing what D. what doing ‎6. I first considered to him, but then I decided him.‎ A. writing... phoning B. to write. . . to phone C. writing... to phone D. to write. . . phoning ‎7. Tom is always forgetting things he has done. Yesterday, he forgot and looked for it everywhere.‎ A. to post the letter B. to have the letter posted C. to having posted the letter D. having posted the letter ‎8. You didn't hear us come in last night. We tried noisy.‎ A. to be not B. not to be C. not being D. being not ‎9. My brother regretted a lecture given by Prof. Wang.‎ A. missing B. to miss C. missed D. being missing ‎10. I regret you that we are unable to offer you a job.‎ A. informing B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing ‎11. He felt tired with typing the lecture. So he stopped a short break.‎ A. having B. to have C. taking D. to taking ‎12. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving their products more competitive.‎ A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made ‎13. She had no choice but in the corner of the room .‎ A. to sit... wept B. to sit. .. weeping C. sit... wept D. sat. . . weeping ‎14. —You have come just in time to help us. —Fine. What needs ?‎ A. I do B. done C. to be done D. to do ‎15. That evening, he set about the report the next morning.‎ A. write... to hand in B. to write.. . handing in C. written... to hand in D. writing... to be handed in ‎16. There seemed nothing to do but for the doctor.‎ A. leave... send B. left... to send C. left... send D. leaving... send ‎17. Do you think it difficult a dolphin ?‎ A. to train... jumping B. training... for jumping C. to train... jump D. to train... to jump ‎18. I prefer rather than .‎ A. to do some reading... watching TV B. doing some reading... watching TV C. to do some reading... watch TV D. doing some reading... to watch TV ‎19. The two boys pretended very hard, though they did nothing.‎ A. study B. studying C. to be studied D. to be studying Keys: 1-5 CACCB 6-10 CDBAC 11-15 BAB CD 16-19CDCD 不定式作宾语补足语 ‎1. 常见的以不定式作宾语补语的动词及短语有ask，allow，advise，beg，call on，expect，force, forbid, invite, teach, would like, depend on. wait for等。‎ ‎2. 以省略t0的不定式作补语的感官动词有：feel（一‘‘感’’），listen to，hear(二‘‘听’’)；have，let，make(三‘‘使”)；look at，see，watch，observe，notice（五‘‘看’’）。但这些感官动词若在被动语态的句子中，动词不定式则必须带to，let除外。‎ 练习：选择最佳答案。‎ ‎1. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered clear warnings before firing any shots.‎ A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued ‎2. The girl is often listened to songs in the next room.‎ A. practice to sing B. practice singing C. to practice to sing D. to practice singing ‎3. —What can we do to help Li Ming?‎ ‎—All we can do is to try that he should study even harder.‎ A. making him to realize B. making him realize C. to make him realize D. to make him to realize ‎4. Soon they saw the two strangers in the crowd.‎ A. disappear B. to disappear C. disappearing D. disappeared ‎5. Professor Smith has his students compositions every Friday.‎ A. to write B. written C. write D. writing ‎6. The boys were seen model ships in the room when someone rang the bell.‎ A. made B. to make C. making D. to be making ‎7. I heard the guide so.‎ A. says B. saying C. say D. said ‎8. Mr. Brown was made his teaching because of his poor health.‎ A. give up B. giving up C. to give up D. to giving up ‎9. Shall we go and listen to the reviewers on the new book?‎ A. to comment B. comment C. to commenting D. being commented ‎10. Mrs. White made her pupils the text every day.‎ A. recite B. recited C. reciting D. to recite ‎11. The student asked the teacher .‎ A. repeat the question again B. repeating the question ‎ C. to repeating the question D. to repeat the question ‎12. The museum is said in a big fire five years ago.‎ A. to be destroyed B. to have been destroyed C. to be destroying D. to have been destroying ‎13. Jane wishes us with her.‎ A. to go along B. going along C. went along D. will go along ‎14. My motor-cycle has broken down. Would you help me ?‎ A. to get it to start B. get it start C. to get it started D. getting it started ‎15. The boss ordered the hall .‎ A. to sweep B. to be swept C. should sweep D. being swept Keys: 1-5 ADC AC 6-10 CCCBA 11-15 DBACB 非谓语综合练习：‎ A. 用括号里单词的正确形式填空 。‎ ‎1. He sent me an e-mail，__________ (hope) to get further information.‎ ‎2. __________ (found) in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.‎ ‎3. The missing boy was last seen__________ (play) near the East Lake.‎ ‎4. __________ (find) her car stolen> she hurried to a policeman for help.‎ ‎5. The bell________ (indicate) the end of the period tang, __________(interrupt) our heated discussion.‎ ‎6. Though__________(lack) money his parents managed to send him to university.‎ ‎7.Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases__________ (know) only to people with specific knowledge.‎ ‎8.It is believed that if a book is__________ (interest), it will surely interest the reader.‎ ‎9.Generally speaking，when________ (take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.‎ ‎10. The flowers_________(smell) sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.‎ ‎11- The disc, digitally__________ (record) in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.‎ ‎12. __________ (put) into use in April 2000，the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.‎ keys: 1. accomplished; 2. made; 3. treated; 4. settled; 5. turning; 6. leaving; 7. designed; ‎ ‎8. seated; 9. told; 10. exploding; 11. causing; 12. annoying; ‎ B. After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎(A)‎ ‎ (1) _______ (give) the choice between a new Toyota Corolla or the latest iphone, 16-year-old Allison Katze of Irvine, California, says it‘s an easy call-she‘d take the phone. ‎ ‎ Texting is (2) ______ drives her social life. She doesn‘t have a driver ‘s licenses and hasn‘t rushed to get one. It‘s enough to keep an auto executive awake at night. ‎ ‎ Thirty years ago, nearly half of 16-year-olds had a driver ‘s license, their passport to independence. By 2010 that figure (3) ______ (drop) to 28 percent, according to a study by the University of Michigan. ‎ ‎ Driving once allowed teenagers ―(4) ______ (go) where you want, do want you want, see who you want and, in some sense, be who you want, ‖said Lindsey Kirchoff, 23, of marketing software company Hotspot. ― The Internet has made the freedom (5) ______ comes with a license go down dramatically. ‎ ‎ Getting a driver‘s license has also gotten a lot (6) ______ (tough). For starters, today‘s teens (7) ______ (press) for time than their parents were. Competition for college admissions means prep courses, SAT tutoring, team sports and other activities to light up college resumes. ‎ ‎ This is the Xbox generation. They probably will buy fewer cars over their lifetime than their parents did and manage their social lives as easy on the information highway (8) ______ we did on the paved highway. ‎ ‎(B)‎ ‎ When it comes to lowering stress at work, studies form around the world have given a set of five tips with advice 9) ______ (range) from having a nap at your desk to taking your pet to work. ‎ ‎ The first tip (10) ______(highlight) by New Science magazine is that workers should be sociable --- but not too sociable. British research has shown that sociability is good for heath, with a study of thousands of civil servants revealing that moral support from colleagues, and encouragement from supervisors kept stress levels down. Male civil servants who lacked support in the workplace were 31 percent more likely to suffer from anxiety and depression. However, too much socializing could lead to work (11) ______ (pile) up. ‎ ‎ The second tip is to ensure your surroundings are as (12)______(pleasant) as possible. Simply being able to see your colleagues makes the working day much more manageable and the height of partitions (隔墙) dividing up office ‎ space (13) ______ (affect) stress level. Research from the University of Montreal shows that the suitable partition height is 1.3 meters---high enough to provide privacy but low enough to ensure staff do not feel (14) ______ (isolate). ‎ ‎ The third piece of advice for workers is to learn to switch off. Mobile phones and other electronic equipment (15) ______ be switched off after hours of working to allow burnt-out brain cells to recharge. ‎ ‎ The fourth piece of advice for workers is to take a nap at your desk every day, (16) ______ is very easy to do.‎ Keys: 1. Given 2. what 3. had dropped 4. to go 5. that/which 6. tougher 7. are pressed 8. as ‎ ‎9. ranging 10. highlighted 11. piling up 12. pleasing 13. affects 14. isolated 15. should ‎ ‎16. which ‎ 教学建议：‎ 1． 规定学生必须在20分钟内完成；‎ 2． 相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ 3． 做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；‎ 4． 让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。‎ A. 选择最佳答案。‎ ‎1. Language experts claim that children __________ to the English-speaking environment will pick up English quickly.‎ A. being exposed B. having been exposed C. to be exposed D. exposed ‎2. Dear passengers, to ensure your safety, please remain until the plane has come to a complete stop.‎ A. seated B. seat C. to seat D. seating ‎3．The question that puzzled them is ______ they can get rid of the air pollution in the area．‎ ‎ A．how is it that B．that how ‎ ‎ C．what is it D．how it is that ‎4．But when I got ______ the town ought to have been, all I found was a gas station．‎ ‎ A．where B．wherever C．there D．that ‎5. After graduation, he went on to do some of the most important scientific research ever ______. ‎ ‎ A. being carried out B. carried out C. to be carried out D. was carried out ‎6. Your job is to make my work easier, _____ it more difficult. ‎ A. not make B. not to make C. not to making D. not making ‎7. You can never imagine what great trouble I have _________ this marble in my house. ‎ A. found               B. for finding           C. finding  D. to find ‎8. The modern carpenter would be just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpenter of fifty years ago if _____ ‎ ‎ proper tools and materials.‎ A. to be given B. being given C. giving him D. given ‎9. Medical experts say the most effective way to prevent the spread of disease is for people ______ their hands with soap and water. ‎ A. to wash B. washed C. washing D. being washed ‎10. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but ______ the flowing of the clouds around me. ‎ A. enjoy             B. enjoying           C. enjoyed       D. to enjoy ‎ 11. Although parents seem _______good advice to their sons and daughters, their kids have marked them poorly on being good role models when it comes to dealing with life’s difficulties. ‎ A. given B. giving C. to be given D. to be giving Keys: DADAB BCDAA C ‎ B. 用括号里单词的正确形式填空 。‎ ‎1.More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _________ (take) advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.‎ ‎2. Russ and Earl were auto mechanics __________ (earn) the same pay, but Earl had more ambition.‎ ‎3. __________ (mail) out automatically, the e-mail will be received by all the club members.‎ ‎4. After a knock at the door，the child heard his mother’ s voice _______ (ball) him.‎ ‎5. The Town Hall__________ (complete) in the 1800，s was the most distinguished building at that time.‎ ‎6. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle _________ (try) to balance it.‎ ‎7.Ideally_________ (locate)for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests.‎ ‎8.A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _________ (kill) all four people on board.‎ ‎9.With the government’s aid, those_________ (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.‎ ‎10.Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ______ (amuse) with her stories.‎ ‎11. __________ (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.‎ ‎12.The rare fish, _________ (save) from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.‎ ‎13. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, _________(realize) that he could do nothing to help.‎ Keys:　1. located; 2. having been attacked; 2. faced; 4. aiming; 5. remaining; helping; ‎ ‎6. licensed; 7. tempted; 8. having been refused; 9. recognized; 10. faced; 11. exposed; ‎ ‎12. adding; 13. Waiting C. After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎ (A)‎ One day I heard two girls talking about making net friends in a café. One said that she (25) ______ (meet) one of her net friends and the other told her not to because most people found their net friends (26) ______ (disappoint) in real life. ‎ We all know it is quite common now that many teenagers, especially (27) ______ from one-child families, like to make net friends and spend lots of time chatting with them because they need someone to talk with and share their sorrow and happiness. However, is it wise for them to do so?‎ In my opinion, it is possible for you to find some real good friends with the help of new technology but you (28) ______ ______ take care. When you talk with someone unknown on the Internet, you have no idea at all what kind of ‎ person he is and (29) ______ he is telling you the truth. Besides we can’t deny that some bad guys mask themselves very well so that they can get many nice people (30) ______ (trap). So, you’re taking the risk of meeting your net friends (31) ______ you get any idea about him. In a word, you can never be too careful when meeting your net friends. ‎ Keys: 25. would meet/ was going to meet 26. disappointing 27. those 28. have to/ ought to ‎ ‎29. whether/ if 30. trapped 31. before/ unless ‎ ‎ (B)‎ Perhaps one aspect of modern life which is most often considered ‘annoying’ is noise. According to some estimates, the amount of urban noise (32) ______ (double) in the past ten years, and with the increase in road and air traffic, noise is likely to increase too. ‎ Noise quite clearly affects the health of modern man. It is a health threat. Loud noise (33) ______ (say) to be a leading cause of deafness among many people over 65. It is also a major (34) ______ (contribute) factor in causing stress, (35) ______ itself causes a variety of illnesses.‎ Noise is sometimes associated with lack of communication in the modern world. In many busy shops, factories and nightclubs, (36) ______ level and constancy of noise make conversation at a natural level difficult or impossible. ‎ Certain people in society, such as motorcyclists, seem to believe they have a right (37) ______ (make) as much noise as they like without being fined. Do they?‎ We are so trained to noise in this modern world (38) ______ people growing up with little (39) ______ no experience of genuine peace and quiet have begun to associate silence with boredom. Isn’t it time for us to start teaching young people that silence is golden and that you can do a lot of interesting things (40) ______ the accompaniment of noise?‎ Keys: 32. has doubled 33. is said 34. contributing 35. which 36. the 37. to make ‎ ‎38. that 39. or 40. without D. Translation:用非谓语翻译下面句子 ‎ ‎1.那天在街上散步的时候，我碰到了一位老朋友。 （分词作状语）‎ ‎2.据说他通过刻苦学习，已经通过了考试。（be said to） ‎ ‎3.欢迎那些对此讲座感兴趣的人准时参加。（分词作定语）‎ ‎4.这位外国人站在那里看起来很焦急，显然是迷路了。(分词作状语）‎ ‎5.随着越来越多的农民进入城市，他们孩子的教育成为一个问题。（With）‎ ‎6. 既不懂当地的语言，在这国家又没有朋友，她觉得要想找到工作是不可能的。(分词作状语）‎ Keys:‎ ‎1. Taking a walk in the street, I came across to an old friend.‎ ‎2. He is said to have passed the exam through hard work.‎ ‎3. Those interested in the lecture are welcome to attend it in time.‎ ‎4. The foreigner stood there, looking very worried and obviously getting lost.‎ ‎5. With more and more farmer rushing into city, their children' education is a problem.‎ ‎6. Not understanding the local language and having no friend in the country, he found it impossible to find a job.‎ 情况 常用动词 只接不定式 做宾语的动词 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen 只接动名词 做宾语的动词或短语 mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to 两者都可以 意义基本相同 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为）‎ need, want, require（主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式）‎ 意义相反 stop to do 停止手中所做的事，去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 意义不同 remember/forget/regret to do（指动作尚未发生）‎ remember/forget/regret doing（指动作已经发生）‎ go on to do（接着做另外一件事）‎ go on doing（接着做同一件事）‎ try to do（设法，努力去做，尽力）‎ try doing（试试去做，看有何结果）‎ mean to do（打算做，企图做）‎ mean doing （意思是，意味着）‎ can’t help （to） do（不能帮忙做）‎ can’t help doing（忍不住要做）‎ be considered to have done被认为已经做了 consider…to be认为是 consider doing考虑做某事 教学建议： ‎ ‎1. 规定学生在30分钟内完成；‎ ‎2. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记；‎ ‎3．下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ ‎4．让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题，老师进行补充；‎ ‎5．老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点进行复习。‎ ‎【巩固练习】‎ A.用括号里单词的正确形式填空。‎ ‎1. The great hall was crowded with many people, ____ （include）many children _____(seat)on their parents’ laps. ‎ ‎2. It’s said that the Olympic Games _____ (hold) in London in 2012 will cover more events than any other Olympics did.‎ ‎3.There_____ no rain for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.(be)‎ ‎4. Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, ___ him a millionaire overnight.(make)‎ ‎5. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out, _____ burned.(escape)‎ ‎6. Taking this medicine, if _____,(continue) will of course do good to his health.‎ ‎7. _____ his age, the little boy read quite well.(consider)‎ ‎8. _____ from the appearance, it is very peaceful; but in fact, a war will break out soon.(judge)‎ ‎9. His letter, _____ to the wrong number, reached me late.(address)‎ ‎10. The Space Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003, _____ all seven astronauts aboard.(kill)‎ ‎11. There are lots of places of interest needs_____ in our city.(repair)‎ ‎12. _____ it or not, his discovery has shocked everyone in scientific circles.(believe)‎ ‎13. Standing on the top of the hill, I would not do anything but _____ the flowing of the smog around me.(enjoy)‎ ‎14. — Is Tom a good talker?     — No, he never speaks to me other than _____ ______ something?(ask for)‎ ‎15. I can’t get my car ___(run) on cold mornings, so I have to try __(fill) the radiator with some hot water.‎ ‎16. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _____(fly) in all directions before he was sent _____(sleep) by his wife.‎ ‎17. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _____ (burn )but the door _____.(shut)‎ ‎18. We found the students seated at tables and had their eyes _____(fix) on the scene of the launch of Shenzhou V spaceship.‎ ‎19. The boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teacher’s question, _____ (think) just a minute. So he’s usually the teacher’s pet.‎ Keys:‎ ‎1-5: including, seated; to be hold; being; to make; to escape being burned ‎6-10: continued; Considering; Judging; having been addressed; killing;‎ ‎11-15:repairing; Believe; enjoy; asked for; running, filling ‎16-20: flying, to sleeping; burning, shut; fixed; to be called;having thought ‎ B. After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the ‎ other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎(A)‎ Between the preparation and the work, the apprenticeship（学徒期） and the actual _____ (deal) with a task or an art, there comes, in the experience of many young men, a period of uncertainty and _____ (wander), often __________ (misunderstand) and counted as time ________(waste), when it is, in fact, a period rich in full and free development.‎ ‎ ‎ It is as natural for ardent（热情的） and courageous youth to wish to know what is in life, what it means, and what it holds for its children, as for a child to reach for and search the things ______ (surround)and attract it. Behind every real worker in the world is a real man, and a man has a right ____ (know) the conditions under which he must live, and the choices of knowledge, power, and activity ______ ( offer) him. In the education of many men and women, therefore, there comes the year of wandering; the experience of traveling from knowledge to knowledge and from occupation to occupation.‎ ‎ ‎ KEYS: dealing; wandering; misunderstood; wasted; surround; to know; offered;‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(B)‎ HAVE you been wearing your mask today?‎ With smog (雾霾) 1._________(become) increasingly widespread, the anti-pollution mask has become an accessory (配件) in many people’s outfits. Indeed, according to the Ministry of Environmental Protection, 70 of the 74 2._________(monitor) Chinese cities, including Beijing and Tianjin, suffered from significant air pollution during the third quarter of this year. In late October, right after public heating 3.___________(provide), Northeastern China suffered from severe smog, with the reading of PM2.5 – small particles (颗粒) of pollution in the air with a diameter (直径) of 2.5 micrometers (微米) or less – even hitting 1,000, 40 times the “healthy” standard set by the World Health Organization (WHO), reported Xinhua. In Harbin, there was a “burning smell” in the air, local residents told China Daily. Even 4.___________(bad), the smog almost stopped the city 5.___________(function): several highways were shut down and some bus routes were cancelled; all elementary and high schools were suspended (暂停) due to safety concerns. But smog hasn’t simply disturbed people’s lives – it can be hazardous (有害的). The WHO’s cancer agency confirmed that air pollution is a 6.___________(lead) cause of cancer, just like tobacco smoke. 7.___________(combat) (应对) air pollution, the government has taken a number of steps. On Sept 12, the State Council announced 8._________ China Daily called China’s “toughest ever” anti-pollution program, the Airborne Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (2013-17). According to the plan, 338 cities will be required to cut down the density (浓度) of PM10 9.__________ at least 10 percent by 2017 from levels measured in 2012. The central government is also offering 5 billion yuan to Beijing and its neighboring provinces, the worst-polluted areas in China, to fuel their fight against air pollution, Xinhua reported. To get back more blue skies, many cities have taken action. Tianjin will reduce steel output by 1.4 million tons and cement (水泥) output by 2.29 million tons by the end of the year, according to Xinhua. Shanghai will ban the 180,000 heavily polluting vehicles in the city by 2015. It will also build 5,000 more charging stations 10___________(encourage) people to drive electric vehicles. Beijing will reduce the number of car registrations (登记) next year and close 11.__________(heavy) polluting factories. On Oct 22, an emergency response program with a four-level warning took effect in Beijing. When a red alert (警告), the highest warning level, 12.___________(issue), schools will be suspended and drivers will only be ‎ allowed to use their cars every other day. Many provinces and municipalities (直辖市) began to follow suit, building their own smog warning systems, including Hebei, Gansu, Hunan, Jiangsu and Tianjin, according to Xinhua. How to protect yourself 13._________ smoggy days Spend less time outdoors. If you have to go out, close all the windows in your house and wear a mask the whole time.‎ Wash your face, rinse (漱) your mouth, clean your nasal cavity (鼻腔) and shower once you get indoors. Keep plants with broad leaves at home to absorb dust. Place a wet mat beneath your doors and use air purifiers with HEPA filters (高效过滤网). Wet mop your house and indoor areas. Drink more water and milk, as this will help kill any toxins (毒素) 14.___________(absorb) through your skin and lungs while you’re outside. Eat more antioxidant-rich (富含抗氧化物质的) foods, like corn and tomatoes, to get rid of the free radicals (自由基) found in the smog. Have a teaspoon of honey 15.____________ going to sleep to help break down the bacteria and free radicals in your throat. Honey 16.__________also help eliminate sore throats.‎ Keys: 1-8: becoming; monitored; was provided; worse; functioning; leading;To combat; what;‎ ‎9-16: by; to encourage; heavily; is issued; absorbed; before; can; ‎ ‎ (C)‎ WHAT do you usually do to comfort your friends when they are feeling sad or depressed? You probably pat them 1.__________ the back or shoulder, or maybe you give them a big, warm hug. We used to 2.___________(think) that knowing when and how to comfort others was an ability 3._________ only humans have. But scientists have discovered that apes (猩猩) have this ability, too, according to a study published on Oct 14 in the Journal of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Two researchers from Emory University in Atlanta, US, went to an Ape Sanctuary (避难所) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to study bonobos (倭黑猩猩), which are 4.__________ closely related to humans as chimpanzees (黑猩猩) are. The researchers analyzed the bonobos’ reactions after more than 370 instances of stressful situations, 5.______ _______ fights, and found that some young bonobos rushed to hug those that were screaming after 6. ____________(attack), just like humans would have done. However, researchers noted that not all bonobos were capable 7.__________ comforting others. In the sanctuary, many bonobos are orphans (孤儿) 8.___________ mothers were killed by hunters. They were found to be more anxious in times of tension and to have greater difficulty 9.____________(control) their own emotions, making them worse at reaching out to help friends in need. “Orphans, who have not had the benefit of a mother helping them regulate their emotions, are much worse at consoling (安慰) others,” Professor Frans de Waal, one of the researchers, told The Telegraph. “Bonobos with moms were able to curb their negative emotional reactions more quickly… [therefore, they] pay more attention to others.” This pattern 10. ____________(mirror) the way that human children have been found to react. Those who seem more capable of regulating their own emotions – for example, the ones who can calm themselves down more quickly after upsetting experiences – are usually better 11._________ expressing their concerns for others. “It is almost 12._______ _______ one first needs to have one’s own emotional house in order before one is ready to visit the emotional house of another,” said Waal. “The way we develop our social and emotional skills and how we deal with the emotional world around us may be shared with that of our closest ape relatives.”‎ KEYS: 1.on 2.think 3.that 4.as 5.such as 6. being attacked 7.of 8.whose 9.controlling 10. mirrors ‎ ‎11.at 12.as if ‎