高考英语二轮复习考前三个月专题一阅读理解细做模拟试题，题型分类突破六主旨大意之文章大意题 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。主旨大意之文章大意题AOur“MommyandMe”timebegantwoyearsago.Mynextdoorneighborandfellowmother，Christie，andIwereoutinourfrontyards，watchingsevenchildrenofage6andunderridetheirbikesupanddown.“IwishIcouldtakeoneofmychildrenoutalone，”saidChristie.Thenweworkedoutaplan：WhenChristietakesoneofherchildrenout，I’llwatchherotherthreechildren.Andwhenshewatchestwoofmine，I’lltakesomeoneout.Thechildrenwereextremelyquicktoaccepttheideaof“MommyandMe”time.Christie’sdaughter，McKenzie，wentfirst.Whenshereturned，theotherchildrenshoweredherwithtonsofquestions.McKenziewassmilingbroadly.Christielookedrefreshedandhappy.“She’slikeadifferentchildwhenthere’snooneelsearound，”Christiesharedwithmequietly.Withhermotheralltoherself，McKenziedidn’thavetomakeanefforttogainattention.JustasChristiehadnoticedchangesinMcKenzie，Ialsodiscoveredsomethingdifferentineachofmychildrenduringouralonetimes.Forexample，Iamalwayssurprisedwhenmydaughter，whoisseldomclosetome，holdsmyhandfrequently.Mystuttering(口吃)son，Tom，doesn’tstutteronceduringouractivitiessincehedoesn’thavetostruggleforachancetospeak.Andtheotherson，Sam，who’salwaysafollowerwhenaroundotherchildrenshinesasaleaderduringourtimestogether.The“MommyandMe”timeallowsustobesimplyaloneandawaywitheachchild—talking，sharing，andlaughing，whichhasbeenthebiggestgain.Everychilddeserves(应得到)tobeanonlychildatleastonceinawhile.语篇解读　本文叙述了我和Christie进行的the“MommyandMe”活动以及这项活动给每个孩子带来的改变。1．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theexperienceoftheonlychildbeingwithmother.B．Theadvantageofspendingtimewithonechildatatime.C．Thehappylifeoftwofamilies.D．Thebasicneedsofchildren.答案　B解析　主旨大意题。根据全文特别是文章最后一段的内容可知，“Mommyand8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。Me”这个活动让每个孩子都得到了独生子女的待遇，让他们都得到了更多获得父母关爱的机会。故B项正确。2．RightafterMcKenziecameback，theotherchildrenwere.A．happyB．curiousC．regretfulD．friendly答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Whenshereturned，theotherchildrenshoweredherwithtonsofquestions.”可知，当McKenzie回来以后，其他的孩子非常好奇，想知道妈妈带她出去干什么了。故B项正确。3．Whatisoneofthechangestheauthorfindsinherchildren?A．Thedaughteractslikealeader.B．Samholdsherhandmoreoften.C．Theboysbecomebetterfollowers.D．Tomhaslessdifficultyinspeaking.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Mystuttering(口吃)son，Tom，doesn’tstutteronceduringouractivitiessincehedoesn’thavetostruggleforachancetospeak.”可知，曾经口吃的Tom在和作者独处时不口吃了。故D项正确。BHollywoodisontheedgeofanervousbreakdown.Worriedaboutanindustrywidewriters’strike，struckbyaseriesoftheaterchainbankruptcies(破产)，burdenedwithunreasonablecorporateprofit，requirementsandseeminglyincapableofproducingconsistentlycreativemovies，theAmericanfilmindustryisinaperiodofsoulsearching.There’slittledoubtthatitwillsurvivethiscrisis.Butmostinsidersagreethereisdiseaseatbothendsofthebusiness—wherefilmsareproduced，andwherethey’reshown—thatmaytakeyearstoovercome.Whileannualboxofficeincomeincreasesforninestraightyears，largelyduetoincreasedticketprices，thenumberofactualticketssolddeclinedforthesecondyearinarow.Theconstructionboomhasaddednearly10,000theaters(morethan200,000moreseats)inthelastfiveyears.Butduetoastatic(静止的)audiencebase，eightmajorchainshavegoneintobankruptcyandseveralothersareinterriblefinancialsituations.Infact，insiderssay，Hollywoodisnowinabusinessitdoesnotwanttobein.“There’sageneralprobleminthatthecompaniesthathavethemostconsistentoutputofmaterialareleastinterestedinwhatthey’remaking，”saysformer20th8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。CenturyFoxCEO，Bill.And，Billadds，“We’reinaperiodwheremoviesaregettingbiggerandmorecostlyandlessinterestingandfulfillingtoanaudience.”Todaythestudiosareunderthestresstoincreaseprofitmargins(营业利润)fortheircorporateparents，andprofitmarginsarehardtocontrolinabusinesswhoseproductsareseenasimpulsebuys(即兴购买)．Otherbusinesscanincreaseprofitsbycuttingcosts—buyingcheapermaterial，ormakingthecandybarsmaller.NotHollywood.“Whatwe’recuttingisrisk，”saystheheadofonemajorstudio，whoaskednottobenamed，“Andriskiswhatgreatfilmhasalwaysdemanded.”Whilethestudiosareavoidingriskyconcepts，theircompetitorsinthehomeentertainmentbusinesshavebeenexpandingtheboundariesoftheimagination.Itwasthispressure—inelectronicgames，theInternet，EVDs—thatforcedthemovietheaterchainsintoaselfdestructivecrazeofexpansion.4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheworryoftheAmericanfilmindustryaccordingtothepassage?A．Theaterchainbankruptcy.B．Lackoftheadvertisementfunds.C．Thestresstoincreasecorporateprofit.D．Beingunabletoproducecreativemovies.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“...struckbyaseriesoftheaterchainbankruptcies(破产)，burdenedwithunreasonablecorporateprofit，requirementsandseeminglyincapableofproducingconsistentlycreativemovies...”说明“一系列剧院的连锁破产，承担合伙人不合理的利润要求，无法不断地制作有创意的片子”这三项正是美国电影业所面临的三大困境。实际上大量资金的涌入导致电影业不正常的扩展是面临困境的原因之一。所以B项说法错误。5．Whathasdirectlycausedmajortheaterchainsinterriblefinancialsituations?A．Biggermovies.B．Morecostlymovies.C．Increasedticketprices.D．Moretheatersbutanunchangeableaudiencebase.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Theconstructionboomhasaddednearly10,000theaters(morethan200,000moreseats)inthelastfiveyears.Butduetoa8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。static(静止的)audiencebase...”可知，“电影院数量剧增，但是观众基数不变”是导致电影业经济危机的直接原因。故D正确。6．Whatdoweknowabouttheprofitofthefilmindustry?A．It’snoteasytocontroltheprofit.B．Thestudioscanshortenthematerial.C．Cuttingthecostcanincreasetheprofit.D．Thestudioscanbuycheapmaterialtoincreaseprofits.答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段“...profitmarginsarehardtocontrol...Otherbusinesscanincreaseprofitsbycuttingcosts—buyingcheapermaterial，ormakingthecandybarsmaller.NotHollywood.”可知，电影这种购买率难以预测的行业，是很难控制利润的。别的行业可以通过购买便宜的材料、缩减原料消耗来降低成本增加利润，但是这在好莱坞行不通。说明电影行业很难控制利润。故A正确。7．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Hollywoodwillsurvivefinancialcrisis.B．Hollywoodisontheedgeofdestruction.C．It’shardtoincreasetheprofitsofthestudios.D．Theconstructionboomleadstotheaterchainbankruptcies.答案　B解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文开篇点题，文章首句“Hollywoodisontheedgeofanervousbreakdown.”即为主题句，故B项说法正确。CAmericansusemanyexpressionswiththeworddog.PeopleintheUnitedStateslovetheirdogsandtreatthemwell.Theytaketheirdogsforwalks，letthemplayoutsideandgivethemgoodfoodandmedicalcare.However，dogswithoutownerstocareforthemleadadifferentkindoflife.Theexpression，toleadadog’slife，describesapersonwhohasanunhappylife.Somepeoplesayweliveinadogeatdogworld.Thatmeansmanypeoplearecompetingforthesamethings，likegoodjobs.Theysaythattobesuccessful，apersonhastoworklikeadog.Thismeanstheyhavetoworkvery，veryhard.Suchhardworkcanmakepeopledogtired.And，thesituationwouldbeevenworseiftheybecamesickasadog.Still，peoplesayeverydoghasitsday.Thismeansthateverypersonenjoysasuccessfulperiodduringhisorherlife.Tobesuccessful，peopleoftenhavetolearn8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。newskills.Yet，somepeoplesaythatyoucanneverteachanolddognewtricks.Theybelievethatolderpeopledonotliketolearnnewthingsandwillnotchangethewaytheydothings.Somepeoplearecomparedtodogsinbadways.Peoplewhoareunkindoruncaringcanbedescribedasmeanerthanajunkyarddog.Junkyarddogsliveinplaceswherepeoplethrowawaythingstheydonotwant.Butmeandogsareoftenusedtoguardthisproperty.Theybarkorattackpeoplewhotrytoentertheproperty.However，sometimesapersonwhoappearstobemeanandthreateningisreallynotsobad.Wesayhisbarkisworsethanhisbite.Dogexpressionsalsoareusedtodescribetheweather.Thedogdaysofsummerarethehottestdaysoftheyear.Arainstormmaycooltheweather.Butwedonotwantittoraintoohard.Wedonotwantittoraincatsanddogs.语篇解读　本文属于文化说明文，介绍了一些与dog有关的英语短语并解释了这些短语的意思以及使用语境。8．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A．Dogsinourdailylives.B．Expressionswithdogs.C．TheroledogsplayinAmerica.D．AttitudeoftheAmericancitizenstodogs.答案　B解析　主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Americansusemanyexpressionswiththeworddog.”说明在美式英语中有很多与dog有关的词组，接下来在文章中作者列举了很多有dog这个单词的短语并解释了这些短语的意思以及使用语境。故B正确。9．Whatdoes“dogtired”describeinthepassage?A．Describeaverysuccessfulperson.B．Describethedogsthatareverytiredafteralongwalk.C．Describearainyandcloudyweather.D．Describetheheavydegreeofexhaustionofpeopleafterlongtimework.答案　D解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Suchhardworkcanmakepeopledogtired.”说明艰苦的工作会让人dogtired，由此可猜测该词是形容人们经历了艰苦的工作以后的疲惫程度。所以D正确。10．Howarepeoplecomparedtodogsinbadways?8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。A．Bymeandogsandjunkyarddogs.B．Bylazydogsandbaddogs.C．Bysickdogsandtireddogs.D．Noneofthemisright.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“Somepeoplearecomparedtodogsinbadways.Peoplewhoareunkindoruncaringcanbedescribedasmeanerthanajunkyarddog.”可知meandogs和junkyarddogs这两个短语表示的都是不好的方面的人。故A正确。DSurprisesoftencomeinboxes.Birthdaypresentswrappedincolorfulpaper，brownpaperpackagesaremailedfromafriend.Nomatterwhatkindofboxitis，peopleliketoopenitupandseewhat’sinside.InAmerica，andinmanyothercountries，onespecialkindofboxcontainsthefuture.It’scalledaballot(投票)box.WhatpeopleputintotheboxonElectionDaycanchangethecourseofhistory.Electionsarethelifebloodofademocracy.Theworddemocracyliterallymeans“thepeoplerule”—animportantconceptinAmericanhistory.Inthemid1700s，EnglandbeganpassinglawsthatmadetheAmericancoloniesangry.Thecolonistshadtopaymoreandmoretaxesandenjoyedlessandlessfreedom.TheyfeltthegovernmentofEnglanddidn’trepresenttheirinterests.OnJuly4,1776，thecoloniesdeclaredtheirindependencefromEngland.Theywantedtoestablishademocracywherepeoplecouldhaveavoiceingovernment.Aneffectivedemocracyholdsregularelections.InAmerica，everyfouryears，votersgotothepollstoelectthenation’spresidentandvicepresident.Votersalsoregularlycasttheirballotsforstateandcitygovernmentleadersandlocalschoolboardmembers.Sometimestheyalsohavetovoteonaproposedlaw.IntheAmericanelectoralsystem，peopledon’treallyvoteforpresidentialcandidates.Instead，voterscasttheirballotsfor“electors”whosupporteachcandidate.EachstatehasasmanyelectorsasthetotalnumberofitsrepresentativesinCongress.Thecandidatewhohasthemostvotesinastatewinsallofthestate’selectors.Towinthepresidentialelection，acandidatemustgainatleast270ofthe538totalelectoralvotes.Overtheyears，theU．S.hasmadeanumberofelectionreforms.Someearlyreformsoutlawed(宣布……不合法)cheating，givingbribesandthreateningvoters.In1870，blackpeoplegainedtherighttovote，andin1920，thatrightwasextendedto8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。women.Inrecentdecades，lawsagainstunfairrulesforvotinghavebeenpassed.In1971，thevotingagewasloweredto18.Otherreformsmadevotingeasierfortheblind，thedisabledandpeoplewhocouldn’tread.Insomeareas，ballotshadtobeprintedinlanguagesbesidesEnglish.11．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Americanelections.B．Americandemocracy.C．Americanelectionreforms.D．Americanelectoralsystems.答案　A解析　主旨大意题。本文的中心是美国的选举。B、C、D三个选项均为本文的某一个方面，不能概括本文中心。12．Whodon’tpeopleinAmericavoteforregularly?A．Thepresident.B．Citygovernmentleaders.C．Middleschoolheadmasters.D．Localschoolboardmembers.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“InAmerica，everyfouryears，votersgotothepollstoelectthenation’spresidentandvicepresident.Votersalsoregularlycasttheirballotsforstateandcitygovernmentleadersandlocalschoolboardmembers.”可知答案为C项。13．WhydidAmericancolonieswanttobeindependent?A．BecausethegovernmentofEnglandrepresentedtheirinterests.B．BecausethegovernmentofEnglanddidn’twanttogovernthem.C．Becausetheysharednofreedomanddependencebutresponsibility.D．Becausetheywantedtohaveavoiceingovernment.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Theywantedtoestablishademocracywherepeoplecouldhaveavoiceingovernment.”可知答案为D项。14．WhatcanwelearnaboutAmericanelections?A．AllAmericanscancasttheirballotsonElectionDay.B．ElectionsareregularlyheldintheUnitedStates.8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。C．Apresidentialcandidatemustgainlessthanhalfthevotes.D．In1870，Americanwomengainedtherighttovote.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“In1971，thevotingagewasloweredto18.”可知18岁以下的人不能投票，故排除A项；根据第四段“...acandidatemustgainatleast270ofthe538totalelectoralvotes.”可排除C项；根据最后一段“...in1920，thatrightwasextendedtowomen.”可排除D项。根据第三段“InAmerica，everyfouryears，votersgotothepollstoelect...”可知B项正确。故选B项。8