山西壶关县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解编选 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。山西壶关县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解编选阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。MaggiewasverygladthatJameswasnotafrequentvisitortothehouse.Sofarasthechildrenwereconcerned,theyhadamysteryabouthimthatstirredtheirimagination.HestirredMaggie’sanger,however,sothatsheoftensaidtoherhusband,“It’smercythatbrotherofyoursdoesn’tcomeoftener.”InfactJamescameonceayear,unexpectedly,aroundeighto’clockintheevening,andhestayedforsixhoursofclosediscussionwithhisbrother.Hisarrivalwasasignaltothechildrenthattheirbedtimewouldbedelayed.Notthatheeverspoketothemorplayedwiththem.Hetooknonoticeofthem,asifhewasunabletoseechildren,atleastuntilthetimecameforhimtogo.Instead,afterhisfirstgreetingandacarelesskiss,JamestooknonoticeofMaggieeither,excepttoadd,“You’llbegettingonwiththesupper,Maggie.”Suchwashisregardforher.Maggiepaidhimbackinherownway.Shekeptthechildrenup,thefourofthem,tokeephercompany,shesaid,butofcoursetheysangandmadeanoiseandbroketheendlesssoundofJames’svoice.Verylate,theydroppedofftosleepintheirchairs.Then,whenJameswasabouttogo,Maggiewokethemupandsomoreorlessforcedhimtopartwithfourshillingsbeforeheleft.Thatgavehersomesatisfaction,forJames,thoughrich,wasmean.Healwayswenthomebythelasttrain,justaftertwoo’clock.Maggie’schildrensecretlystaredattheiruncle.Theycouldnotforgetthathehad,intheirmother’swords,“losttwowivesandtakenathird,”Theywonderedaboutthosetwounfortunatelostladies.Theyaskedeachotherwhattheirfatehadbeen,andifneithercouldeverbefoundagain.Jamesneverbroughthisthirdwifewithhimnorevermentionedher.Thechildrendecidedthathemustbesofrightenedoflosingherthatheneverallowedheroutsidethedoor.1.Theunderlinedword“mercy”inthetextmostprobablymeans_______.A.lossB.wonderC.luckythingD.terriblething2.MaggieneverpreparedanythingspecialforJamesbecause_______.A.hewasamandifficulttopleaseB.sheneverknewwhenhewascomingC.shewastoobusylookingafterherchildrenD.heneverstayedlongenoughforameal8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。3.WhatdoweknowaboutJames’behavior?A.Hewasakindman,withloveforthefamily.B.Hewasgenerous,especiallytowardshisbrother.C.Hewasanxioustopleasethefamily,especiallythekids.D.Hewasrudetohissister-in-law.4.Maggiefeltpleasedwhen_______.A.shepaidJamesthemoneythatsheowedhimB.JamesgavesomemoneytothechildrenC.shehadtowakeJamesuptocatchhistrainD.Jamesthankedherforthenicesupper5.ThechildrendidnotrealizethattwoofJames’wives_______.A.hadbeendeadB.sufferedfromlossofmemoryC.hadrunawayfromhimD.mightappearagainoneday【答案与解析】本文讲Maggie和她的孩子们对他们的叔叔James来访的不欢迎。1.C。词义猜测题。Maggie不喜欢James的来访,由此可以说他不常来是一件幸运的事，所以答案为C。2.B。事实细节题。根据InfactJamescameonceayear,unexpectedly可知答案为B。3.D。推理判断题。根据excepttoadd,“You’llbegettingonwiththesupper,Maggie.”Suchwashisregardforher可知他对Maggie的态度不是很友好，故答案为D。4.B。推理判断题。根据Maggiewokethemupandsomoreorlessforcedhimtopartwithfourshillingsbeforeheleft.Thatgavehersomesatisfaction可知答案为B。5.A。推理判断题。根据Theywonderedaboutthosetwounfortunatelostladies可知答案为A。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。MyfatherwasChiefEngineerofamerchantship,whichwassunkinWorldWarⅡ.ThebookNightoftheU-boatstoldthestory.Memories8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。InSeptember,1940,mymother,sisterandIwenttoSwansea,wheremyfather’sshipwasgettingreadytosail.Webroughthimafamilyphotographtobekeptwithhimatalltimesandkeephimsafe.ThenIremembermymotherlyingfacedown,sobbing.Shehadheardfromafriendthattheshiphadbeensunkbyatorpedo(鱼雷).Icanrememberthearrivalofthetelegram(电报),whichinthosedaysalwaysbroughtbadnews.Mygrandmotheropenedit.Itread,“Safe.LoveTed.“Mymostvividmemoryisbeingwokenandbroughtdowntositonmyfather’sknee,hisarminabandage.HewasjudgedunfittoreturntoseaandtookashorejobinGlasgowfortherestofthewar.ForaslongasIcanremember,hehadaweakheart.Mothersaiditwascausedbythetorpedoes.Hesaiditwasbecauseofthecigarettes.Whichever,hediedsuddenlyinhisearly50s.TenyearslaterIreadNightoftheU-boatsandwasabletocompletethestory.TorpedoOnetorpedostrucktheship.Fatherwasintheengineroom,wherethethirdengineerwaskilled.Heshutdowntheenginestoslowtheshipmakingiteasierforittobeabandoned.Bythetimehegotondeck(甲板)hewasalone.Everylifeboatwasgoneexceptonewhichhadstuckfast.Whenhetriedtocutitfree,itswungagainsttheship,injuringhishandandarm.Hehadnochoicebuttojump—stillwiththephotographinhispocket.Threedayslater,heandothersurvivorsweresafeinGlasgow.All23withhimsignedthebackofthephotograph.AToastInmyroomisthebookandthephotograph.Often,glassinhand,IhavewonderedhowIwouldhavedealtwithanexplosion,asinkingship,ajumpintoavastoceanandawaitforrescue?Lest(以免)weforget,Ihavesomemorewhiskyandtoasttheheroesofthewar.8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。1.WecaninferthatthemotherandchildrenwenttoSwansea　　　.　A.tomeetafriend　　　　　　　B.toseethefatheroffC.totakeafamilyphoto　　　　　D.toenjoythesailingoftheship2.Whatdidtheauthorlearnaboutthefatherfromthetelegram?A.Hewasstillalive.　　　　　B.Hiskneewasbroken.C.Hisshiphadbeensunk.　　　D.HehadarrivedinGlasgow.3.Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph6referstothefather’s　　　.　A.weakheart　　　　　　　　　　　B.takingashorejobC.failuretoreturntosea　　　　　　D.injurycausedbyatorpedo4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sfatherafterhisshipwasattacked?A.Helosthisarm.B.Herepairedtheengines.C.Hemanagedtotakealifeboat.D.Hewasthelasttoleavetheship.5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Agroupofforgottenheroes.B.Abookdescribingaterrifyingbattle.C.Ashipengineer’swartimeexperience.D.Amerchant’smemoriesofasearescue.【参考答案】1--5、BAADC　　阅读理解概述（3）题型探究探究点二　主旨大意题8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。　　主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、归纳、推理、判断等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结。要准确地抓住文章的主题思想，就要十分留意文章的开头和结尾，要抓住文中具有概括性的信息，从上下文连贯的意思来理解全文，看作者主要谈的是什么，透过文字叙述的过程来归纳主题，再从选择项中找出最符合表达主题思想的选项。有些干扰项，从局部看也许不算错，但从全局看却又片面。这类干扰项与正确答案之差，其实是局部与全局之差。考生在做题时不要为局部现象迷惑，而忽略了文章的整体思想。　　一、题型特点与命题方式　　【设题类型】　　1．概括文章大意；　　2．选出最佳题目(标题)；　　3．概括人物特点。【设问形式】　　1．标题类　　(1)Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe__________.　　(2)Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled__________.　　(3)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?　　(4)Whichofthefollowingwouldbesuitableasatitleforthepassage?　　2．大意类　　(1)Thispassagechieflydealswith__________.　　(2)What’sthetopicofthearticle?　　(3)Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?　　(4)Withwhattopicisthepassagechieflyconcerned?二、解题思路与应试技巧　　做这类题时常用略读法。快速阅读文章找8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。出各个段落的主题句。把各个段落的主题句联系起来着眼于全文结构安排，了解文章的重心，就能概括出文章的中心。文章的标题是中心思想最精炼的表达形式，选择的标题意义范围要能涵盖全文，不能太大也不能太小。命题者在出这类题时，常常利用生活常识编造干扰项，把文中的细节当主旨，利用局部信息编造干扰项，编制超出文章范围的标题或不能涵盖文章中心意义的标题来考查考生的理解程度，考生要特别留意。　　下面结合高考试题，谈谈标题类和大意类试题的解题技巧。1．标题类　　标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式。在阅读中不仅要求考生能够通过自己已知的信息概括出段落的中心思想，而且还要对概括出的中心思想加以提炼，拟定出段落的标题。在测试中能够迅速而准确地选择标题。　　文章标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章讨论的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。它的特点是：短小精悍，多为短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。例1【2011·课标全国卷】Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．FamilyFoodPlanningB．BankingonGardeningC．ABelttighteningMoveD．GardeningasaHobby【解析】B　主旨大意题。全文讲述了在物价飞速上涨的美国，人们为了节省开支自己种植蔬菜的事情。2．大意类　　解答该题型最关键的是找出主题句，把握文章大意。概括大意的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but,yet,however,although,inspiteof,bycontrast,onthecontrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。例2【2011·安徽卷】Themainideaofthetextisthat________.A．twoheadsarebetterthanoneB．friendshipispreciousinlife8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。C．thedisabledshouldnevergiveupD．amancanbedestroyedbutcannotbedefeated【解析】B　主旨大意题。全文围绕友情、生命讲述了两位朋友一起攀岩的故事，强调了“友情很珍贵”，故答案为B。2016高考英语****阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。“Clevernessisagiftwhilekindnessisachoice.Giftsareeasy–they’regivenafterall.Choicescanbehard.”––JeffBezosIgottheideatostartAmazon16yearsago.IcameacrossthefactthattheInternetusagewasgrowingat2,300percentperyear.I’dneverseenorheardofanythingthatgrewthatfast,andtheideaofbuildinganonlinebookstorewithmillionsoftitleswasveryexcitingtome.Ihadjustturned30yearsold,andI’dbeenmarriedforayear.ItoldmywifeMacKenziethatIwantedtoquitmyjobandgotodothiscrazythingthatprobablywouldn’tworksincemoststart-upsdon’t,andIwasn’tsurewhattoexpect.MacKenzietoldmeIshouldgoforit.Asayoungboy,I’dbeenagarageinventor.I’dalwayswantedtobeaninventor,andshewantedmetofollowmypassion.IwasworkingatafinancialfirminNewYorkCitywithabunchofverysmartpeople,andIhadabrilliantbossthatImuchadmired.IwenttomybossandtoldhimIwantedtostartacompanysellingbooksontheInternet.HetookmeonalongwalkinCentralPark,listenedcarefullytome,andfinallysaid,“Thatsoundslikeareallygoodidea,butitwouldbeanevenbetterideaforsomeonewhodidn’talreadyhaveagoodjob.”Thatlogicmadesomesensetome,andheconvincedmetothinkaboutitfor48hoursbeforemakingafinaldecision.Seeninthatlight,itreallywasadifficultchoice,butultimately(最后),IdecidedIhadtogiveitashot.Ididn’tthinkI’dregrettryingandfailing.AndIsuspectedIwouldalwaysbehauntedbyadecisiontonottryatall.Aftermuchconsideration,Itookthelesssafepathtofollowmypassion,andI’mproudofthatchoice.Forallofus,intheend,weareourchoices.1.Whatinspiredtheauthorwiththeideaofbuildinganonlinebookstore?A.Hisdreamofbeinganinventor.8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。B.Thesupportofhiswife.C.ThegreatlyincreasingusageoftheInternet.D.Millionsofexcitingtitles.2.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedsentence?.A.Theideaofnottryingwouldkeepcomingtohismindanddisturbhim.B.Hewouldbeveryexcitedifhetrieditout.C.Hewouldbealwayshavingadoubtifhedidn’ttry.D.Thedecisiontonottrytheonlinebookstorewouldterrifyhim.3.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat_______.A.thebossthoughttheideawassuitablefortheauthorB.theauthorwantedsomeoneelsetotrytheideaC.theauthormightnotregretifhefailedtheideaD.theauthormightgobacktohisbossifhefailed4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ClevernessandKindnessB.TheStartingofAmazonC.FollowingMyPassionD.WeAreWhatWeChoose参考答案1—4CACD8