高考英语二轮复习综合模拟练五 19页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。综合模拟练(五)第Ⅰ卷第一部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节　单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．Lifeislikeocean；onlystrongwilledcanreachtheothershore.(2017·河北区二模，2)A．an；theB．the；aC．the；/D．/；a答案　A解析　把生命(life)比作海洋(ocean)，是普通的比喻，是泛指，前面需用不定冠词a/an，因ocean以元音音素开头，因而用an；“the＋adj.”表一类人，thestrongwilled意志力很强的人，所以第二空需用定冠词the，故选A。2．Ifyouareafoodordrink，youcanremoveitfromyourdiet.(2016·河西区二模，4)A．cautiousaboutB．allergictoC．satisfiedwithD．fondof答案　B解析　becautiousabout对……小心，谨慎；beallergicto对……过敏；besatisfiedwith对……满意；befondof喜欢。由句意可知选B。3．Herforwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。A．motivationB．qualificationC．talentD．technique答案　A解析　句意为：她写作的动力源自她渴望女性获得接受更高教育的权利。motivation动机，激励；qualification资格；talent天赋；technique技巧。故选A项。4．TheTVstationwillbethegameliveonSaturdayafternoon，andwecan’tmissit.(2016·和平区二模)A．coveringB．improvingC．handlingD．canceling答案　A解析　句意为：电视台将要在星期六下午现场报道比赛，我们不能错过了。cover报道；improve提高，改善；handle处理；cancel取消。5．Judgingfromhisfacetherewasaconfidentsmile，weknewthathedidn’tloseheart.A．inwhichB．fromwhichC．bywhichD．onwhich答案　D解析　句意为：从他脸上自信的笑容来判断，我们知道他没灰心。aconfidentsmileonhisface，故选D。6．yourgeneroushelp，IdobelieveIhaveabetterunderstandingofyourcountryandculture.(2017·天津五校联考二模，6)A．ButforB．OutofC．ThankstoD．Asto答案　C解析　由“IdobelieveIhaveabetterunderstandingofyourcountryandculture.”可知，前半句应该表示原因和感谢，所以用thanksto“幸亏，由于”。butfor表示“要不是”，主句中使用虚拟语气；outof虽然也可以表示“由于”，但是没有感谢之意，是中性词，与本句不符；asto表示“关于”。故选C。7．Harryisfeelinguncomfortable.Hetoomuchatthepartylastnight.(2017·河北区一模，6)A．coulddrinkB．shoulddrinkC．wouldhavedrunkD．musthavedrunk答案　D19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。解析　must＋动词原形，表示对现在和将来的推测；must＋完成时态，表示对过去的推测。题干中表示的是昨天晚上，故选D。8．—Wherewouldyouliketosit？Inthecornerorneartheplatform?—.IwouldliketositbythepianosothatIcanwatchthemusicianplay.A．EitherB．NeitherC．NoneD．Both答案　B解析　句意为：——你愿意坐在哪里？角落里还是靠近讲台？——都不愿意，我想坐在钢琴边以便能看到音乐家弹奏。either二选一；neither二者都不；none没有人/物，指三者或三者以上；both两者都。故选B。9．Tomhadtohavehiscarrepairedinagaragebecauseitseriously.(2016·南开区一模，9)A．damagedB．wasbeingdamagedC．haddamagedD．hadbeendamaged答案　D解析　句意为：汤姆不得不把车送到汽修厂，因为它受损严重。说明车在送到汽修厂前已经被损坏了，用过去完成时的被动形式，故选D。10．MycousininsistedthatshetoAustraliaforfurtherstudy.Butthecompanyrefusedherapplication.(2016·河东区一模，12)A．sendsB．willbesentC．besentD．wouldbesent答案　C解析　句意为：我的表姐坚持她要被送到澳大利亚去深造，但公司拒绝她的请求。insist当“坚持认为”讲时，其后从句的谓语动词用shoulddosth.，其中should可以省略，故选C项。11．Thequarreltothefightstartedfromtheirdisbeliefineachother.(2017·河东区一模，9)A．ledB．toleadC．havingledD．leading答案　D解析　句意为：争吵起因于他们彼此的不信任，最终导致了他们的大打出手。此处名词quarrel与动词lead构成主动关系，故用lead的现在分词形式作后置定语，故选D。12．SinceIhavelittleworkexperience，IwillhavetotakeaseriesofunpaidjobsIcouldfindmyidealone.(2016·天津一中月考，21)A．afterB．before19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。C．untilD．when答案　B解析　句意为：因为我几乎没有工作经验，所以在我找到理想工作之前，我不得不做一系列没有报酬的工作。after在……后；before在……之前；until直到……才……；when当……时。根据句意可知B正确。13．Arecentstudy，whileshowingagenerallypositiveattitudetowardthenewindustry，alsosuggestsawidespreadconcernitmaybe“runningoutofcontrol”．(2016·南开区二模，11)A．thatB．whenC．whileD．if答案　A解析　句意为：一项最近的研究表明，在大众对这一新兴产业持积极态度的同时，对该产业可能“失控”的担忧也在广为流传。分析句子结构可知，concern与itmaybe“runningoutofcontrol”之间是同位语关系，后者用来说明前者的具体内容，故此处为同位语从句，且从句中不缺成分且意义完整。故选A。14．Grandmadoesallherownshoppingandcooking—Ihaveneverseenagedperson.A．anindependentB．amoreindependentC．themostindependentD．themoreindependent答案　B解析　句意为：奶奶自己购物做饭，我从没见过比她更独立的老年人。否定词加比较级表示最高级，a修饰person。故选B。15．—Shinnellapologizedtomeyesterday.—Impossible!.Iknowwhatkindofpersonsheis.A．Iwasn’tbornyesterdayB．GoodforyouC．YoucannevertellD．That’sforsure答案　A解析　第二句句意为：——不可能！我又不是三岁小孩。我知道她是一个什么样的人。Iwasn’tbornyesterday我又不是三岁小孩。故选A。第二节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(2016·河西区二模)Onhis67thbirthday，Dadhadaheartattack.Hewas16—hesurvived.Butsomething17himhaddied.Hispassionforlifewasgone.Herefusedthedoctor’s18，andhisbitterattitudemadeeveryvisitor19.Dadwasleftalone.IaskedDadtocomeandliveonoursmallfarm，20thefreshairwoulddohimgood.Aweeklater，I21theinvitation.Hecriticizedeverythinghere.Frustrated，Idecidedsomethinghadtobedone.OnedayIreadanarticlesayingseveraldepressedpatients’attitudeshad22dramatically(显著地)whengivendogs.ThatafternoonIdrovetotheanimalshelter，whereapointer’seyescaughtmyattention.Theywatchedme23.Astaffmembersaid：“He’sbeenherefortwoweekswithnothingheard.Histimeis24tomorrow.”Iturnedtothemaninhorror.“Youmeanto25him？”“Madam，”hesaidcoldly.“Wedon’thave26foreveryunclaimeddog.”Thepointer’scalmbrowneyes27mydecision.“I’lltakehim，”Isaid.Onarrivinghome，ItookthedogtoDad’sroom.“LookwhatIgotyou！”Isaid28.Dadfrowned(皱眉)andmurmured，“Idon’twantit.”Then，suddenly，thepointer29frommygrasp.HesatdowninfrontofDad.Dad’sanger30，andsoonhewashuggingtheanimal.Itwasthebeginningofa31.DadnamedthepointerCheyenne.Togethertheyspentlonghourswalkingdowncountryroadsandrelaxingonthebanksofstreams.Dad’s32faded，andheandCheyennebefriendedeachother.Then，onenighttwoyearslater，Cheyennerushedintomybedroomasiftellingsomething.RunningintoDad’sroom，Ifoundhehad33.Twodayslater，mygrief(悲伤)34whenIdiscoveredCheyennelyingdeadbesideDad’sbed.Whileburyinghimneartheirfavoritestream，Isilently35thedogforrestoringDad’speaceofmind.语篇解读　父亲患心脏病后，对生活失去了热情。在作者为父亲领养了一条狗之后，情况发生了改变。两年之后父亲去世，这条狗也随父亲而去了。19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。16．A.helplessB．dangerousC．unusualD．lucky答案　D解析　他很幸运(lucky)活了下来。17．A.aboutB．forC．insideD．around答案　C解析　由下一句“他对生活的热情不见了”，说明内在的(inside)东西死了。18．A.ordersB．descriptionsC．designsD．ideas答案　A解析　他拒绝了医生的嘱咐(order)。19．A.pitifulB．upsetC．concernedD．sympathetic答案　B解析　他痛苦的态度让每一个看望他的人感觉很不安(upset)。20．A.imaginingB．guessingC．hopingD．supposing答案　C解析　我邀请父亲来我们的小农场里住，希望(hope)新鲜空气对他有好处。21．A.forgotB．regrettedC．admittedD．opposed答案　B解析　由下一句，父亲批评这里所有的东西，说明作者后悔(regret)邀请了父亲。22．A.improvedB．differedC．grownD．transformed答案　A解析　一些情绪低落的病人的态度在被给予一只狗后显著地改善(improve)了。23．A.anxiouslyB．seriouslyC．restlesslyD．calmly答案　D解析　由下文的“Thepointer’scalmbrowneyes”可知它们平静地(calmly)望着我。24．A.upB．overC．offD．out19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。答案　A解析　它的时间到了(up)。Timeisup时间到了。25．A.releaseB．adoptC．killD．reject答案　C解析　由下文可知，他们要杀死(kill)这只狗。26．A.timeB．roomC．worryD．patience答案　B解析　我们没有空间(room)给每一只不被领养的狗。27．A.refusedB．doubtedC．expectedD．challenged答案　C解析　斑点狗平静的眼睛期待着(expect)我的决定。28．A.patientlyB．suddenlyC．carefullyD．excitedly答案　D解析　看我给你带了什么，我兴奋地(excitedly)说。29．A.pulledfreeB．setbackC．keptoffD．slippedaway答案　A解析　它挣脱了(pullfree)我的掌控。30．A.stayedB．meltedC．continuedD．strengthened答案　B解析　由下一句，父亲拥抱这只斑点狗可知，他的愤怒融化了(melt)。31．A.longpatienceB．painfuladoptionC．lonelyseparationD．warmfriendship答案　D解析　由下文可知，这是一份友谊的开始。32．A.bitternessB．sympathyC．regretD．worry答案　A解析　由上文可知，父亲的苦楚(bitterness)消退了。19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。33．A.lefthomeB．goneoutC．turnedupD．passedaway答案　D解析　由下文的mygrief可知，父亲去世(passaway)了。34．A.weakenedB．deepenedC．stoppedD．closed答案　B解析　由空后的内容可知，两天后Cheyenne死在了我父亲的床边，这无疑加剧了(deepen)我的悲痛。35．A.praisedB．apologizedC．thankedD．begged答案　C解析　我默默地感谢(thank)这只狗，它让父亲内心恢复了平静。第二部分　阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2017·和平区二模)Soyouwanttobeacivilianscientist？TheNationalScienceFoundation(NSF)hasgotyoucovered.NSFsupportscivilianscienceacrossallareasofscience，whetheryourpassionistoscanthenightsky，orexploreyourownbackyard.Joinagroupofbirders.EBirdisanonlineplatformthatallowsbirdwatcherstogoonlineandrecordtheirsightingstoadatabase.Withmorethan100,000activeusers，eBird’ssystemisatreasureofinformationonbirdpopulation，distributionandhabitat，whichuserscanexploreinrealtime.Counteverydrop.TheCommunityCollaborativeRain，HailandSnowNetwork(CoCoRaHS)isthelargestproviderofdailyprecipitation(降水)observationsintheUnitedStates.Volunteerssetupraingauges(测量仪噐)andrecorddataeverytimerainorsnowpassesover.DataisorganizedandsharedontheCoCoRaHSwebsite，andusedbyscientists，farmersandmore.Searchforstarswithyourcomputer.19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。Einstein@Homeusesyourcomputer’ssparetimetosearchforspacesignals.Theprojecthasalreadyhadmajorsuccesses：Volunteersdiscoveredabout50stars，usingdatafromPuertoRico’sAreciboObservatoryandAustralia’sParkesObservatory.Einstein@HomealsosearchesforgravitationalwavesignalsusingdatafromNSF’sLaserInterferometerGravitationalWaveObservatory.Bepartofasupercomputer.Tolinkallthosehomecomputers，Einstein@HomeusesthesoftwarecalledtheBerkeleyOpenInfrastructureforNetworkComputing，betterknownasBOINC.Thesoftwarechoreographs(编排)thetechnicalaspectofvolunteercomputingandhelpyouuseradiotelescopesignalstosearchforcreaturesoutsidetheearth.JointhePlanktonParty.Withoutplankton，lifeintheoceanwouldnotexist.Thesetinyorganismsformthebaseofthefoodchain，andplayanimportantroleintheglobalcarboncycle.PlanktonPortalenlists(征募)civilianscientiststoidentifyimagesofplankton，snappedbyInSituIchthyoplanktonImagingSystem(ISIIS)，anunderwaterrobotengineeredattheUniversityofMiami.ISIIShastakenmillionsofimagesinoceansaroundtheworld；classifyingtheimageshelpsresearchersunderstandplanktondiversity，habitatandbehavior.语篇解读　本文属于广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了NSF组织为一些想成为平民科学家的人所提供的一些帮助项目，这些项目都是我们日常生活中能实现的研究实验。36．Accordingto“Joinagroupofbirders”，eBird’ssystemhelpspeoplefindtheinformationabout.A．therecordpaperofitsdatabaseB．thespreadingareasofabirdspeciesC．morethan100,000activeusersD．thelivinghabitsofabirdspecies答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据Joinagroupofbirders.中的第二句“Withmorethan100,000activeusers，eBird’ssystemisatreasureofinformationonbirdpopulation，distributionandhabitat，whichuserscanexploreinrealtime.”可知，eBird系统能帮助人们找到鸟类的分散区域，故选B。37．Youcanjoin“Counteverydrop”ifyouareinterestedin.A．spaceB．weatherC．animalsD．organisms答案　B19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。解析　细节理解题。根据Counteverydrop.中的第一句“TheCommunityCollaborativeRain，HailandSnowNetwork(CoCoRaHS)isthelargestproviderofdailyprecipitation(降水)observationsintheUnitedStates.”可知，“Counteverydrop”是测量日常的降水量，故选B。38．Whichofthefollowingtwoprogramsisrelatedtothespaceexploration?A．“Joinagroupofbirders”and“Counteverydrop”．B．“Counteverydrop”and“Searchforstarswithyourcomputer”．C．“Searchforstarswithyourcomputer”and“Bepartofasupercomputer”．D．“Bepartofasupercomputer”and“JointhePlanktonParty”．答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据Searchforstarswithyourcomputer.中的“Volunteersdiscoveredabout50stars”以及Bepartofasupercomputer.中的“Thesoftwarechoreographs(编排)thetechnicalaspectofvolunteercomputingandhelpyouuseradiotelescopesignalstosearchforcreaturesoutsidetheearth.”可知，这两个项目是跟探索太空有关的，故选C。39．Planktonisvitalto.A．sharksB．elephantsC．snakesD．eagles答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据JointhePlanktonParty.中的第一句“Withoutplankton，lifeintheoceanwouldnotexist.”可知，浮游生物对于海洋生命至关重要，选项中只有sharks“鲨鱼”属于海洋生命，故选A。40．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．MaketheMostofComputers!B．BecomeaCitizenScientist!C．BePartofSpaceExploration!D．MakeaContributiontoNSF!答案　B解析　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了NSF组织为一些想成为平民科学家的人所提供的一些帮助项目，故选B。B(2017·天津十二区县二模)Mostpeoplewillexperienceatleastonewrongmedicaldiagnosisintheirlifetime，resultinginhealthproblems，psychologicalsufferingandfinancialcost，accordingtoanewreport.Becausediagnosticerrorsaregenerallydiscoveredinretrospect(回顾)，researcherssaidmoreworkneedstobedonetoimprovemedicalteamsandfindways19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。toavoiderrorsthatcanchangepeople’slifeinthedistantfuture.“Diagnosisisacollectiveeffortthatofteninvolvesateamofhealthcareprofessionals—fromprimarycarephysicianstonurses，”saidJohnBall，chairofthecommitteewhichwrotethereport.“Thetypeofasinglephysicianobservingapatientcaseanddecidingadiagnosisisnotalwaysaccurate，andadiagnosticerrorisnotalwaysduetohumanerrors.Therefore，tomakeitpossibletoreducediagnosticerrors，wehavetolookmorebroadlyattheentireprocessofhowadiagnosisismade.”Theresearcherssaidtherearenotenoughdataondiagnosticerrors，andeffortstoimprovediagnosisandreduceerrorshavenotbeenfrequent.Themedicalculturediscouragestransparencyandmakesitmoredifficulttocorrectthem.Theblameliesincooperationandcommunicationbetweenmembersofmedicalteamstreatingpatients，patientsthemselves，andtheirfamilies.Besidesthis，researchersfoundthehealthcaresystemisnotdesignedforthecollaborationneededinthediagnosticprocessandthatdiagnosiswillcontinuetoworsenifnewideasarenotputforward.Thecommitteerecommendedmoreinformation，fromelectronichealthrecordstotestresults，bemademoreeasilyavailabletofamiliesandcaregivers，tohelpthembetterlearnandunderstandwhatisgoingonwiththeirhealth.Creatinganenvironmentforpatientstoquestionadiagnosisoraddinformationabouttheirconditioncouldalsohelpbetterinfluencediagnosis.Mostsignificantly，theresearcherssaidmethodsneedtobeestablishedtomakecommunicationbetweendoctorsandpatientseasier.Doctorscurrentlyarenotencouragedorpaidtocommunicatewithpatientsasmuchastheyshouldbe.41．Itcanbeinferredfromthenewreportthat.A．diagnosticerrorshaveagreatinfluenceonpeopleB．newwaysarefoundtoavoiddiagnosticerrorsC．nobodycanavoidthosediagnosticerrorsD．diagnosticerrorsaredifficulttobefound答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“Mostpeoplewillexperienceatleastonewrongmedicaldiagnosisintheirlifetime，resultinginhealthproblems，psychologicalsufferingandfinancialcost...”可知，诊断错误对人们有很大的影响，故选A。42．Whydoesthemedicalculturemakethecorrectionofdiagnosticerrorssodifficult?19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。A．Forlackofadvancedtechnologicalequipment.B．Forlackofstrictrulesofmanagingthemedicalenvironment.C．Forlackofenoughprofessionalknowledgeaboutmedicaltreatment.D．Forlackofcooperationandcommunicationbetweenphysicians，patientsandtheirfamilies.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“Themedicalculturediscouragestransparencyandmakesitmoredifficulttocorrectthem.Theblameliesincooperationandcommunicationbetweenmembersofmedicalteamstreatingpatients，patientsthemselves，andtheirfamilies.”可知，医师、病人及其家属之间缺乏合作与沟通使诊断错误的校正如此困难，故选D。43．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Researchesonthediagnosticprocess.B．Newwaystobetterprotectpatients.C．Adviceonreducingdiagnosticerrors.D．Communicationbetweenpatientsanddoctors.答案　C解析　段落大意题。第四段内容主要给出了降低诊断错误风险的几点建议，故选C。44．Whyiscommunicationbetweendoctorsandpatientsnotmuch?A．Becauseofthedifferentbelief.B．Becauseofthemedicalsituation.C．Becauseofbeingshortofmoney.D．Becauseofthecurrentrules.答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Themedicalculturediscouragestransparencyandmakesitmoredifficulttocorrectthem.”以及下文内容可知，是医疗文化现状导致医生与病人的沟通少，故选B。45．Thepassagemostprobablycomesfrom.A．ahospitaladvertisementB．amedicalmagazineC．asciencebookD．aresearchreport答案　B解析　文章出处题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了诊断错误这一现象出现的原因，以及为减少诊断错误提出的建议。本文最有可能来自于医学杂志，故选B。C19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。(2016·南开区二模)“Soon，you’regoingtohavetomoveout！”criedmyneighboruponseeingthelargesttomatoplantknowntomankind，oratleastknowninmyneighborhood.Onetiny9inchplant，boughtfor1.25inthespring，hasalreadytakenovermuchofmyrosebed，coveringmuchofotherplants，andiswellonitswaytothefrontdoor.Rosesrequireagooddealofcare，andifitweren’tforthepleasuretheygive，itwouldn’tbeworththework.Asitis，Ihaveagardenfullofsweetsmellingrosesformostoftheyear.Bushesmustbepruned(剪枝)inearlyspring，leavinguglywoodybranchesuntilthegrowthappearsafewweekslater.Itwasthespaceavailableinthegardenthatledmeintoplantingjustonelittletomatoplant.Abigmistake.Soilconditionsmadejustperfectforrosesturnouttobeevenmoreperfectfortomatoes.Thedailywateringcoupledwithfullsunandregularfertilizing(施肥)haveturnedthelittleplantintoatallbush.ThecageIplacedarounditastheplantgrewhaslongsincedisappearedunderthethickleaves.NowthetaskIfaceinharvestingthefruitistwofold：First，Ihavetofindtheredonesamongtheleaves，whichmeansIalmosthavetostandonmyhead，andoncefoundIhavetoreachdownandunder，pickthetomatoesandwithdrawmyfullfistwithoutdroppingtheprizesodearlywon.IfoundtwofullblownwhiterosescompletelyhiddenasIpickedtomatoesinJune，buttheywereweakandtheleavesalreadyyellowforlackoflight.HereIamfacedwithapainfulsmalldecision：Totearupawonderfulandproductivetomatoplantthatoffersupbetweentenandtwentyripesweettomatoeseachdayorsaygoodbyetoseveralexpensiveandtreasuredroses.LikeScarlettinGoneWiththeWind，I’llthinkaboutthattomorrow.语篇解读　作者在玫瑰坛里种了一棵西红柿。出乎意料的是这棵西红柿长得越来越高大，影响了玫瑰花的生长。作者陷入了西红柿和玫瑰去留的两难选择。46．Whataretherequirementsforthehealthygrowthofroses?A．Alotofcareandtherightsoil.B．Frequentpruningandfertilizing.C．Tomatoplantsgrownalongside.D．Cagesplacedaroundtheroots.答案　A19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。解析　推理判断题。由第三段第一句“Rosesrequireagooddealofcare，andifitweren’tforthepleasuretheygive，itwouldn’tbeworththework.”及第四段第一句“Soilconditionsmadejustperfectforroses...”可知，健康的玫瑰需要照顾和适合的土壤。故A项正确。47．Thewriterplantedthetomatobecause.A．itcostonly1.25B．thesoilwasjustrightforitC．therewasroomforitinthegardenD．theroses’branchesneededtobecovered答案　C解析　细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二句“Itwasthespaceavailableinthegardenthatledmeintoplantingjustonelittletomatoplant.”可知，花园有空地种一棵西红柿。故C项正确。48．Thisyearthewriter’sroseswere.A．removedfromtherosebedB．pickedalongwiththetomatoesC．mostlydamagedbytoomuchsunlightD．largelyhiddenunderthetomatoplant答案　D解析　细节理解题。由第二段及第五段最后一句可知D项正确。49．Bysaying“theprizesodearlywon”inParagraph5，thewriterwantsto.A．showthedifficultyinpickingthetomatoesB．showthehardshipofgrowingtherosesC．expressherlikingfortherosesD．expresshercareforthetomatoes答案　A解析　词义猜测题。由第五段第一句可知，我必须在叶子中寻找西红柿，弯腰低头，上上下下来回地找。描述了采摘西红柿的难度。故A项正确。50．Inthesituationdescribedinthetext，onegoodthingisthat.A．therosescostthewriterlittlemoneyB．thewriterhasadailyharvestoftomatoesC．someonewillhelpthewritermakethedecisionD．thewritercannowenjoyboththerosesandtomatoes答案　B19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。解析　细节理解题。由最后一段第一句可知，这棵西红柿可以每天收获10到20个西红柿。故B项正确。D(2016·河北区二模)In1997，aLondonresearchercameupwithastartlingideaonhowhumanswouldliveinthefuture.ProfessorMichaelBatty，awidelyknownurbanplanner，summeditupinonephrase—“TheComputableCity”．By2050，hesays，therewillbeaconvergence(集中)ofcomputersandcommunicationtechnologies，withhighwaysandsmartbuildingsconnectedviatheInternetinnewkindsofvastinformationinfrastructures(基础设施)．“Everythingarounduswillbesomeformofcomputer，”hewrote.TaketheoldSpanishportcityofSantanderasanexample.Afteran￡11milliongrantin2011，over12,000sensors(传感器)havebeensetup，recordingeverythingfromairpollutionlevelstofreeparkingspaces.Streetlightsnowautomaticallygetdarkwhennooneisaround，whilerubbishbinsgivenoticetocollectorswhenthey’refull.Theseadvancessavelocalauthoritiesabout25%onelectricitybillsand20%onwastemanagement.Inasmartcity，theinformationbeingproducedisvast.Someexpertsestimatethatby2016wewillprovide4.1terabytes(兆兆字节)ofinformationperdaypersquarekilometerofurbanlandarea，whichequalsmorethanfouraveragehomecomputerharddrives.ButtheSantandercentre’spurposeisnotjusttoservethelocalgovernment.ItalsomakesthissensordatafreelyavailabletoSantandercitizensthemselves.Viatheirsmartphones，citizenscanaccessuptotheminuteinformationoneverythingfromlocaltrafficjams，parkingspacestopollencounts(花粉量)．Othersmartcityprojectsareevenmorediverse.InNorway，forexample，morethan40,000busstopsforlocaltransportcompanyKolumbusarealreadymakingscheduledannouncementsviaTwitter.Passengerscanalsoscanatypeoftwodimensionalbarcode(二维码)withtheirsmartphones，whichcanbeseenateachstopandleavemessagesabouttheirexperiences.WhileinBoston，asystemcalledShotSpotterisusingacousticsensorstofindoutthelocationofgunshotsquickly，helpingthepolicereducecrime.51．Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatthecomputablecity.19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。A．isahighlyinformationalcityB．isacitywherecomputersareseldomusedC．referstoacitysomeonedescribesinanovelD．referstoacitywhereeverythingisautomaticallycontrolled答案　A解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句话“...therewillbeaconvergence(集中)ofcomputersandcommunicationtechnologies，withhighwaysandsmartbuildingsconnectedviatheInternetinnewkindsofvastinformationinfrastructures(基础设施)．”可知，“TheComputableCity”是一个通过新型信息基础设施及因特网，使计算机和通信技术相对集中的地方。故选A。52．Theunderlinedword“grant”isclosestinmeaningto“”．A．imaginaryprojectB．moneyaidC．specialpermitD．policysupport答案　B解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句话“Afteran￡11milliongrantin2011，over12,000sensors(传感器)havebeensetup...”可知，在一千一百万欧元的投入之后，一万两千多个传感器被安装。故选B。53．Accordingtothepassage，inthesmartcitySantander.A．thereismuchlessairpollutionB．homecomputersarenotneededanymoreC．rubbishbinscandealwithwastebythemselvesD．peoplecangetthenewestinformationonsmartphones答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第五段第三句话“Viatheirsmartphones，citizenscanaccessuptotheminuteinformationoneverythingfromlocaltrafficjams，parkingspacestopollencounts(花粉量)．”可知，在这个城市里，人们通过手机就可以得到最新信息。故选D。54．Whenyoutravelinasmartcity，whatcanhelprecordandkeepyourexperiences?A．Allthebusstops.B．Theacousticsensors.C．Yoursmartphones.D．Thelocalgovernment.19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句话“Passengerscanalsoscanatypeoftwodimensionalbarcode(二维码)withtheirsmartphones，whichcanbeseenateachstopandleavemessagesabouttheirexperiences.”可知，乘客可以用手机扫描一种二维码，留下此行的信息。故选C。55．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．SmartCitiesinActionB．AutomaticStreetlightsC．TheSantanderCentreD．InformationInfrastructure答案　A解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段“TheComputableCity”可知，本文是围绕此话题展开的，这种城市也被称为“asmartcity”，故选A。第Ⅱ卷第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节　阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。(2016·河北区三模)ShehadtopackupherbedroominVirginaBeach，whereshelivedwithhermother，twosistersandbrother.Shehadtosaygoodbyetohertwodogs，whousedtosleepinherbed，andtothebeach，whereshelovedtoridewavesonherboogieboard.Butitwastimetotaketheleap，however，heartbreakingandawkwarditwouldbe.Evenat14，Douglasknewthat.Sooffshewentabout1,200milestoWestDesMoines，Lowa，totrainwithacoachfromChinaandlivewithawhitefamilyshehadneverbeenmet.Whenshearrived，Douglasthoughtthatshemustbetheonlyblackpersoninthestate.Whenshewokeup，shealwayssaid，“Thisisn’tmybedset.WhereamI？”LiangChow，whohadcoachedtheOlympicgoldmedalistShawnJohnson，transformed，Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsintheworld，helpingherskyrocketfromanaveragememberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.Andacouplewithfouryoungdaughtersbecamehersecondfamily，nurturingherintownwhileherrealfamilysupportedherfromafar.ThatmovealsowasimportantinDouglas’smakinghistory.BywinningtheOlympicallroundtitle，shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.ShealsobecamethefourthAmericanwomantowintheallrounder，followingMaryLouRettonin1984，Carly19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。Patternsonis2004andNastiaLiukinin2008.Douglaswon，scoring62.232points，andledthecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.ViktoriaKomova，whosobbedintohercoach’schestwhenshelearnedshehadlost，wonthesilver，with61.973points.AliyaMustafina，the2010worldallroundchampion，wonthebronzewith59.566points.TheotherAmericaninthecompetition，AlyRaismanfinishedfourthafterlosingatiebreaker(决胜局)toMustafina.Douglassaidshehadfeltconfidentallalongthatshewouldwin.“Itwasjustanamazingfeeling，”shesaid，giggling(咯咯笑)．“Iwasjustlike，believe，don’tfear，believe.”Aftersacrificing(牺牲)somuch，shehadnootherchoicebuttopushforward，shesaid.56．WhydidDouglasleaveherhomeat14？(Nomorethan10words)Becausesheneededtrainingtobeagymnast.57．HowdidshefeelwhenDouglasfirstarrivedatthenewhome？(Nomorethan5words)Shefeltuneasy.58．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“skyrocket”inParagraph4mostprobablymean？(Nomorethan3words)Soar./Riserapidly./Increasesuddenly/greatly.59．IsDouglasthefirstAmericanwomanwhowonallround？Whydoyouthinkso？(Nomorethan15words)No，sheisn’t.Sheisthefirstblackwomantodoso.60．WhatdoyouthinkofDouglasfromthestory？Giveyourreasons.(Nomorethan20words)Sheisstrongminded.Aftershewonthegame，shesaid“Iwasjustlike，believe，don’tfear，believe.”第二节　书面表达(满分25分)(2017·和平区一模)假设你是李津，随着世界读书日(4月23日)的临近，你所在的学校举办了一次“校园书展(CampusBookFair)”活动。你很喜欢这次活动，请写一封电子邮件，将活动情况向你的英国笔友安迪进行介绍，内容包括：(1)活动的目的；举办的时间、地点；(2)活动项目：读书交流、旧书交换或出售以及新书展销；(3)你的个人感受；询问安迪所在学校举办的有关世界读书日的相关活动情况。注意：19 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。(1)词数不少于100；(2)开头和结尾已经写出，不计入总词数；(3)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：世界读书日WorldReadingDayorWorldBookandCopyrightDayDearAndy，Howareyoudoingthesedays？Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiJin参考范文DearAndy，Howareyoudoingthesedays？I’dliketotellyousomethingabouttheCampusBookFairinmyschool，whichisafavorableactivitytocelebrateWorldReadingDay.ItwasheldontheafternoonoflastThursdayinordertoencourageteachersandstudentstoreadmore.Thelatestbooksofdifferenttypesbroughtbythebooksellersweredisplayedforustoreadandpurchase.Teachersandstudentsalsosoldorexchangedtheirusedbooks.Themostattractivepartoftheactivityisthecommunicationaboutreading，throughwhichwesharedourideasaboutbooksandlife，andinreturnwemadefriendsandgainedknowledgeandpleasure.Ilikethefairverymuch，whichnotonlyintroducedusalotofinterestingbooksbutallowedustobuybooksatalowerprice.Besides，itgaveusachancetomakenewfriends.Doyouhavesimilaractivityinyourschool?Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiJin19