辽宁朝阳市 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮训练 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。辽宁朝阳市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮训练阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。【2014·山东省齐鲁名校高三年级联合测试】WhenIwasgrowingupinthesuburbsofNewYork，ourfirstlocalEarthDaywasorganizedaroundadrivetoatownfieldwherefamilieswereurgedtodumpitemsfromtheirbasementsforrecyclingratherthantossingtheminthetrash.Itwasaneyeopeningconceptforakidin1970.Butasanenvironmentalreporter，Ihavecometodread(非常害怕)thelargeamountofdealsandpromotionsthatarriveviaemailorinmyofficeorhomemailboxonEarthDay.LikeValentine’sDay，EarthDayhasbecomeahugemarketingopportunity—aparadoxical(矛盾的)waytopromoteconsumptionandsellstuff.Infact，EarthDayissuchagoodsaleshookthatsomeshops，likeTarget，haveexpandedEarthDayintoEarthMonth.Thereisn’ttimetogiveyouafullrundownoftheEarthDayshoppingopportunitiesIwasalertedtothispastweek.Theyincludeddealsonbuyingbottledwaterandearthfriendlydiaperwipes.Myawardforthesilliestpromotion：aplantogift25ofthemostenvironmentallyconsciousstarsunique，usefulandfabulous“green”productsandservices，includingskincareproducts，catlitter，cheesecakeandartwork.Myguessismostofthestuffwillendupincelebrities’garbage.Isbuyingandsellingagoodwaytocelebrateandprotecttheenvironment？IwouldarguethatEarthDaymightbeanoccasiontoconsidergivinguppurchasesorhabitsthatareenvironmentallyquestionableorthatwecouldhappilydowithout.Howaboutnotbuyingbottledwater，butrefillingawaterbottle？Howaboutnotbuyingfoods—even“organic”foods—thatarepackedinnonrecyclableplastic?Don’tgetmewrong.BridgestoneiscelebratingEarthDaybypromisingtorepurposeaspenttireforeverytirethatitsells.Verizonwillplantatreeforeachcellphoneyoutradein.Somecoffeestoreswillevenrefillreusablemugsatnocharge.Targetisgivingoutfreereusablecarrierbagswithoutrequiringapurchase.Butfewretailersaretakingthenextstep—chargingafeeatthecashregisterfordisposableplasticbags，acommonpracticeinEurope—tomotivatecustomerstousethosenewreusablecarriers.EarthDayistransient(短暂的)．IfyouonlyshowedloveonValentine’sDay，wouldthatreallymeananythingatall?1．Theauthor’sfirstlocalEarthDaywascelebratedby________.A．drivingtoatownfieldforfun8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。B．dumpingunuseditemsforrecyclingC．lookingforgoodideasforreuseD．clearingitemsfromtheirbasement2．WhydosomeshopsexpandEarthDayintoEarthMonth?A．Becausetoomanyactivitiesareorganizedfortheday.B．Becausetheyintendtomakemoresalesstrategies.C．Becausetheywanttohavemoresellingopportunities.D．Becausetheyhavetodealwithtoomuchwaste.3．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedealsandpromotionsonEarthDay?A．Objective.　B．Optimistic.C．Supportive.　D．Critical.4．Accordingtotheauthor，it’senvironmentallyfriendlyto________.A．buypackedorganicfoodsB．offerstarsgreenproductsC．refillwaterbottlesD．askfordisposableplasticbags5．ItcouldbeinferredfromthetextthatBridgestoneandVerizon________.A．arelikelytomisunderstandtheauthorB．haveagoodwaytocelebrateEarthDayC．aredevotedtomakingmoneyonEarthDayD．makewrongpromotionplansonEarthDay语篇解读　本文作者对一些商家在世界地球日的做法发表了自己的观点。1．解析：　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ourfirstlocalEarthDaywasorganizedaroundadrivetoatownfieldwherefamilieswereurgedtodumpitemsfromtheirbasementsforrecycling”可知答案。答案：　B2．解析：　考查细节理解。根据第三段内容可知，一些商家将世界地球日扩展为世界地球月是为了销售更多的商品。答案：　C3．解析：　考查观点态度。根据第二段中的“Ihavecometodreadthelargeamountofdealsandpromotions”以及第五段中的“Myawardforthesilliestpromotion”可知，作者对商家的促销活动持批评态度。答案：　D4．解析：　考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段中的“Howaboutnotbuyingbottledwater，butrefillingawaterbottle？”可知，C项正确，其他项均与文章不符。8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。答案：　C5．解析：　考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段的描述可知，作者认同这两个商家庆祝世界地球日的方法。答案：B。【2016届石家庄市高中毕业班质量检测（二）试题】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。AIgrewupinafamilythatatedinnertogethereveryevening.Althoughmyparentsenjoyedwine,theyrarelydrankduringtheweekandalwaysinmoderation(节制).Asformyself,Iwasn’tinterestedinalcoholicdrinksandneitherweremyhighschoolfriends.SowhenIarrivedoncampusformyfirstyearofuniversitylife,Iwasabitshocked.Manydifferenteventshadbeenorganizedforthefreshmen,buttheyallhadonethingincommon―alcohol,andplentyofit.Notwantingtobeleftout,Ijoinedafewoftheevents.ButIalwaysreturnedhomeearly,feelingdisappointed.Yourpersonality,interestsandexperiencesdidn’tmatteratall,onlyhowmanyalcoholicdrinksyoucouldabsorbbeforepassingout(喝醉).Itseemedshallowtome.Iwantedtogettoknowmynewcoursemates,nothowfasttheycoulddownapintofbeer.Gradually,however,Irealizedthatrealfriendsdon’tjudgeyoubyhowmuchyoucandrinkandtherewereotherwaysofmakingfriends.Ijoinedaphotographysociety,tookafirstaidcourse,andeveryweekendIwentcyclingwithacoursemate.Ifoundthatbyengagingintheseactivitiesandsharingthefunoflearningnewskillstogetherinagroup,Iformedmuchstrongerbondswithmynewfriendsthaneventhestrongestalcoholicdrinkscouldencourage.AnothervaluablelessonIlearnedisthatit’sperfectlyokaytosay“No”ifyoudon’twanttodrink.However,inmanyWesternsocieties,especiallytheUK,bingedrinking(狂喝)hasbecomethenorm.Manypeoplewhodrinkdon’tnecessarilywantto,buttheygiveintothepeerpressure(同伴压力)―they’reafraidtosay“No”.1.Whatshockedtheauthorwhenheentereduniversity?A.Thestrangecampus.B.Thepopularityofalcohol.C.Thedrunkencoursemates.D.Thelimitedactivities.8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。2.Whydidtheauthorreturnhomeearlyfromtheeventsatfirst?A.Hewasn’tgoodatdrinking.B.Hehadnofamiliarcoursemates.C.Hehatedthewaypeoplegotalong.D.Hewasleftoutbytheorganizers.3.Howdidtheauthorfinallymakerealfriendsatuniversity?A.Bysaying“No”toalcoholicdrinks.B.Bystayingawayfromgroupactivities.C.Bygivingintothepeerpressure.D.Byjoiningpeoplewithcommoninterests.参考答案BCDSkepticsareastrangelot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenvironment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spreadnothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The“eco-guilt”broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.PerhapsthatexplainswhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook,TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe“realstateoftheworld”asfine.Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketsofsomebigbusinesseswithspecialinterests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg’sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeindustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg’sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat“AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.”Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.Butonlyadifferentreviewappeared8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。inNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg’s“preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible(不可信的)”.Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That’sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas“skeptics”?A.Peoplewhoagreeonthepopularityof“eco-guilt”.B.Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.C.Peoplewhodisliketheharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.D.Peoplewhospreadcomfortingnewstoprotectourenvironment.2.WhichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthepopularityofLomborg’sbook?A.Somebigbusinessesintendtoprotecttheirowninterests.B.Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateoftheworld.C.Theauthorconvincespeopletoseekcomfortingworldviews.D.Industry-fundedmediapresentconfusinginformation.3.TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto　　　.　A.voiceadifferentopinionB.findfaultwithLomborg’sbookC.challengetheauthorityofthemedia8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。D.pointoutthevalueofscientificviews4.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf-blindnesswithreviews.C.Toblamethemedia’slackofresponsibilityinpresentinginformation.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.【参考答案】70.1-4BAAD　Inbusiness,there’saspeeddifference:　It’sthedifferencebetweenhowimportantafirm’sleaderssayspeedistotheircompetitive(竞争的)strategy(策略)andhowfastthecompanyactuallymoves.Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize.Companiesfearfuloflosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed.Inourstudyof343businesses,thecompaniesthatchosetogo,go,gototrytogainanedgeendedupwithlowersalesandoperatingincomesthanthosethatpausedatkeymomentstomakesuretheywereontherighttrack.What’smore,thefirmsthat“sloweddowntospeedup”improvedtheirtopandbottomlines,averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree-yearperiod.Howdidtheydisobeythelawsofbusinessphysics,takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter?Theythoughtdifferentlyaboutwhat“slower”and“faster”mean.Firmssometimesfailtounderstandthedifferencebetweenoperationalspeed(movingquickly)andstrategicspeed(reducingthetimeittakestodelivervalue).Simplyincreasingthespeedofproduction,forexample,maybeonewaytotrytoreducethespeeddifference.Butthatoftenleadstoreduced8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。valueovertime,intheformoflower-qualityproductsandservices.Inourstudy,higher-performingcompanieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhennecessary.Theybecamemoreopentoideasanddiscussion.Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking.Andtheyallowedtimetolookbackandlearn.Bycontrast(相比而言),performancesufferedatfirmsthatmovedfastallthetime,paidtoomuchattentiontoimprovingefficiency,stucktotestedmethods,didn’tdevelopteamspiritamongtheiremployees,andhadlittletimethinkingaboutchanges.Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership.Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright,ratherthanploughaheadfullbore,aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals.Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“gainanedge”inParagraph2mean?A.Increasethespeed.　　　　B.Getanadvantage.　　　　C.Reachthelimit.　　　　D.Setagoal.2.Theunderlinedpart“thelawsofbusinessphysics”inParagraph3means　　　.　A.spendingmoretimeandperformingworseB.spendingmoretimeandperformingbetterC.spendinglesstimeandperformingworseD.spendinglesstimeandperformingbetter3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Howfastafirmmovesdependsonhowbigitis.B.Howcompetitiveafirmisdependsonwhatitproduces.C.Firmsguidedbystrategicspeedtaketimetomakenecessarychanges.D.Firmsguidedbyoperationalspeedtaketimetodevelopnecessaryteamspirit.8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。4.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Improvequality?Servebetter.B.Delivervalue?Ploughahead.C.Reducetime?Movefaster.D.Needspeed?Slowdown.【参考答案】71.1-4BDCD　8