高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit5Themeparks题型组合课时练新人教版必修4 10页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Unit 5 Theme parks Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2017·四川绵阳二诊)Loneliness is like a disease，and what's worse，it's contagious.It can spread from one person to another，according to the recent research that stresses the power of one person's emotions to affect even people he doesn't know. The new analysis，involving 4，793 people who were interviewed every two years between 2005 and 2015，showed that a friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness by the time of the next interview.A friend of that person was 25% more likely，and a friend of a friend of a friend was 15% more likely. “Loneliness is not just the property of an individual.It can be transmitted across people — even people you don't have direct contact with ，” said John T．Cacioppo，a psychologist of the University of Chicago who led the study published in the December issue of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Loneliness has been linked to medical problems，including depression，sleep problems and generally poorer physical health.Identifying some of the causes could help reduce the emotion and improve health，experts said. Although the study did not examine how loneliness spreads，Cacioppo said another research has provided clues.“Let's say for whatever reason you get lonely.You then interact with other people in a more negative fashion.That puts them in a negative mood and makes them more likely to interact with other people in a negative fashion and they minimize their social ties and become lonely，”Cacioppo said. According to Cacioppo，loneliness spread more easily among women than men， perhaps because women were more likely to express emotions. Lonely people become less and less trusting others.This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject them. Therefore，it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness.Cacioppo emphasizes people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项新的数据分析向我们介绍了孤独的危 害。 1．It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ． A．loneliness spreads in social networks B．emotions are only transmitted between friends 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 C．more and more people are suffering from loneliness D．loneliness is actually a kind of disease A [考查推理判断。根据第一段的“it's contagious.It can spread from one person to another”可知，孤独是可以传染的，它可以从一个人传给另一个人，故选 A。] 2．According to Cacioppo，lonely people ． A．rely heavily on others B．are more likely to trust others C．are less likely to be rejected by friends D．will probably be deserted by society D [考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“more likely that society will reject them” 可知，Cacioppo 认为孤独的人可能会被社会抛弃，故选 D。] 3．The word “minimize” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “ ”． A．increase B．reduce C．create D．keep B [考查词义猜测。根据第五段内容可推知，他们用一种消极的方式去和别人交往，这 会减少他们的社会关系，让他们变得孤独，故选 B。] 4．What should lonely people do to get rid of loneliness? A．Refuse the help given by others. B．Admit and try to solve it. C．Interact with others more negatively. D．Express emotions more often. B [考查细节理解。根据最后一段的第三句“Therefore，it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness”可知，承认和解决孤独很重要，故选 B。] 【导学号：30892219】 Ⅱ.阅读填句 (2017·石家庄模拟) How to Avoid an Internet Addiction While it may seem like everyone surfs the web these days，there is a fine line between casually checking your social media pages and having a fullblown Internet addiction.If you fear that you may lose interest in other aspects of your life because you prefer to be on the Internet，you may be on your way to an Internet addiction. 1. Admit you are at the risk of an addiction. More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet.You are 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 not the only one with this problem，and it is becoming more and more common and more and more wellknown.2. Set aside limited time for computer use. Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week.If you have a laptop，make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day.Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.3. If you have a desktop PC，try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet. Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts. If you are free on weekends，call friends and ask them to go outside.This will distract you from the computer.4. Use an alarm clock or timer. Before using your computer，decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes.Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up.Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop.5. A．Make a small list of what you want to do within that time. B．When the computer is not looking at you，you are less likely to use it. C．This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time. D．Luckily，there are ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer. E．This will stop you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page. F．If you have a problem on weekdays，phone your friends or ask for help in person. G．Do not be embarrassed；find others with the same problem and help each other beat it. 【语篇解读】 网瘾会给人们的生活带来很大的影响，本文就如何避免网瘾提出了建议。 1．D [上文谈到网瘾会导致你对生活的其他方面失去兴趣，下文的几条建议则是有关 如何避免网瘾的，D 项对全文起着承上启下的作用。] 2．G [本段的宗旨是“Admit you are at the risk of an addiction”，再结合本 段讲述的“越来越多的人有网瘾，这是一个普遍现象”可知，选 G 项“不要觉得不好意思， 找到和你一样有网瘾的人，互相帮助去战胜网瘾”。] 3．B [根据空前的“Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it”可 知，作者建议你不用电脑时，把它合上，故选 B 项“看不到电脑时，你用它的可能性就小”。] 4．F [本段的主题是“给朋友打电话而不是在网上发信息”，上文的“call friends and ask them to go outside”与 F 项中的“phone your friends or ask for help in person”，还有上文的“on weekends”与 F 项中的“on weekdays”前后呼应。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 5．C [本段的主题是“Use an alarm clock or timer”，作者建议使用闹钟或定时 器来限制上网的时间，空前的“shutdown timer”与 C 项中的“shut down your computer after the set time”相对应。] Ⅲ.语法填空 (2017·宁夏银川高三检测)From Monday to Friday，most people are busy working or studying，but in the evenings and on weekends they are free to relax and enjoy 1. (they)．Some watch TV 2. go to the cinema.Others take part in sports.There are many different ways 3. (spend) their spare time. Almost everyone has some kind of hobby.It may be anything from collecting stamps to 4. (make) model airplanes.Some hobbies are expensive，while others don't cost anything at all.Some 5. (collect) are worth a lot of money.Others are valuable only to the owners. I know 6. man who has a coin collection worth $250.He was very happy about his purchase and 7. (think) the price was reasonable.Besides，my youngest brother collects matchboxes.He has almost 600 of them but I doubt if they are worth any money.However ， to my brother they are 8. (extreme) valuable.Nothing makes him 9. (happy) than to find a new matchbox for his collections. This is what a hobby means，I guess.It is something we like to do in our spare time simply 10. fun.The value in dollars is not important.We do it for the pleasure it gives. 【语篇解读】 本文主要讨论了人们的业余爱好及其意义。 1．themselves [考查代词。由上文的 they 可知，此处应填反身代词 themselves 作宾 语。] 2．or [考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示选择关系，故用连词 or。] 3．to spend [考查非谓语动词。way to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“做某事的方式”。] 4．making [考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词 making 作介词 to 的宾语，与 collecting 呼应。] 5．collections [考查词性转换。根据 are 可知，此处应用名词复数 collections 作 主语。] 6．a [考查冠词。由 has 可知，先行词应为单数，且 man 是第一次出现，故用不定冠 词修饰。] 7．thought [考查动词时态。由“was”可知，此处应用一般过去时，即 thought。] 8．extremely [考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故用副词 extremely。] 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 9．happier [考查形容词比较级。由 than 可知，此处应用比较级形式，即 happier。] 10．for [考查介词。for fun 为固定搭配，意为“闹着玩地”。] Ⅳ.短文改错 (2016·四川高考)It is Mother's Day today.Though it's a western festival，it's popular in China now. Mom has a fulltime job，so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favoritest.At dinner，we said to her， “Happy Mother's Day！”Mom was grateful and moving. 【答案】 It is Mother's Day today.Though it's a western festival，it's popular in China now. Mom has a fulltime job， so but she has to do most of the houseworks housework .She is a great mother.Both Dad or and I planned to do something on Mother's Day.We get got up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went ﹨on shopping.When he came back， I found a bunch of flowers in her his hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in ∧the kitchen.The dishes what that/which（或去掉 what） I cooked were Mom's favoritest favorite .At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mother's Day！”Mom was grateful and moving moved . 【导学号：30892220】 Ⅱ卷增分练(三) Ⅰ.语法填空 (2017·南昌模拟测试)Welcome back to the hot topic of studying abroad！Last time， we talked about the general“software”needed to have a 1. ______ (success)studying experience overseas， 2. refers to the ability to understand Western culture，and problemsolving skills when 3. ____ (face) critical situations，etc. Now，I will dig deeper into the concept of “software”．Everyone is talking about culture shock nowadays，but you may wonder what it actually 4. (mean)．Put 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 simply：culture shock is the difficulty people may experience when being exposed and adjusting to a 5. (remarkable)different new culture.Usually，people often go 6. four distinct phases：the honeymoon phase，the negotiation phase， the adjustment phase and the mastery phase.Culture shock can happen immediately upon your 7. (arrive)in the country. For international students，perhaps the most direct impact of culture shock is the variety of accents，especially in multicultural countries 8. the U．S.， Canada or Australia.There are two main reasons：Firstly，these countries have highly diversified groups of residents from different cultural 9. ____ (background)． Secondly，there are many international students from all around the world every year studying in these countries，so you shouldn't be surprised 10. (find)all kinds of unfamiliar accents around the university campus. 【语篇解读】 本文主要就文化冲突这一话题进行了讨论。 1．successful [考查词性转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词 successful 修饰 名词 experience。] 2．which [考查定语从句。which 引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词 为 software。] 3．facing [考查非谓语动词。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句的谓语动词 含有 be 动词的某种形式时，可省略从句主语和 be 动词的某种形式。“when we are facing” 省略“we are”，故用现在分词形式。] 4．means [考查动词时态。mean 在此处是动词，意为“意味着”，且由上下文时态可 知，应用一般现在时。] 5．remarkably [考查副词。空处应用副词 remarkably 修饰形容词 different。] 6．through [考查固定搭配。go through 意为“经历”，符合语境。] 7．arrival/arriving [考查词性转换。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填 arrival 或 arriving 作介词 upon 的宾语。] 8．like [考查介词。根据“the U．S.，Canada or Australia”可知，此处表示列举， 故用介词 like，意为“例如，像”。] 9．backgrounds [考查名词的数。由 different 可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。] 10．to find [考查非谓语动词。be surprised to do sth.意为“吃惊地去做某事”， 故用不定式形式。] Ⅱ.短文改错 (2017·石家庄高三质量检测)I've learnt from the notice that you're looking for 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 an English editor for us school paper.I'm written this letter to apply for the position. I'm Li Hua ， Senior Three student in our school.In my view, I met your requirements.For one thing，I'm willing to devote some of my spare time to serve others.For another，I'm good at both English or Fine Arts.I'm either skilled in using computers.I would be glad if you could offer to me an opportunity for an interview. I'm looking forward to your kindly earliest reply at your convenient. 【答案】 I've learnt from the notice that you're looking for an English editor for us our school paper.I'm written writing this letter to apply for the position. I'm Li Hua， ∧ a Senior Three student in our school.In my view，I met meet your requirements.For one thing，I'm willing to devote some of my spare time to serve serving others.For another，I'm good at both English or and Fine Arts.I'm either also skilled in using computers.I would be glad if you could offer ﹨to me an opportunity for an interview. I'm looking forward to your kindly kind earliest reply at your convenient convenience . Ⅲ.书面表达 (2017·合肥高三质量检测)近期，某中学生英文报就“My Dream Classroom”向中学生 征稿。请你根据征稿启事写篇英语短文投稿。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 My Dream Classroom 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 【参考范文】 My Dream Classroom The classroom is another home where we spend most of our daytime.It should be a comfortable and relaxing place full of inspiration and encouragement for us to enjoy our study life to the fullest. In my dream classroom，I hope to see green plants and pleasant decorations.Of course，I would appreciate it if I could be allowed to decorate my own desk.When it comes to the learning environment of the classroom，I prefer a culture corner so that we can share our books or exchange our opinions during the refreshing time. Besides, some inspiring mottos inside can motivate us to get ahead. Ⅱ卷增分练(四) Ⅰ.语法填空 (2017·石家庄高三质量检测)The best way to deal with sports injuries is to keep them from happening in the first place.Knowing the rules of the game you're playing and using the right 1. (equip)can go a long way toward preventing injuries.If you think you've been injured，pull 2. (you)out of the game or stop 3. (do) your activity or workout.Let a coach or parent know what happened in case you need to see a doctor. Serious head and neck injuries happen most often to athletes 4. play contact sports like football.Keep the injured person still with his or her head 5. (hold)straight while someone calls for emergency 6. __ (medicine)help.If the person 7. (lie) on the ground，do not try to move him or her. Your first question after a sports injury will 8. (probable) be，“When can I play again？” This depends on the injury and what your doctor tells you.Even if you can't return to your sport right away，a doctor might have suggestions and advice 9. what you can do to stay fit.Always check with your doctor 10. trying any activity following an injury. 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。讲述了在运动中受伤以后应该怎么办。 1．equipment [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处指合适的器材，equipment 表 示“设备，器材”，是不可数名词。] 2．yourself [考查代词。这是一个祈使句，由前面的 you 可知，该处用 yourself。] 3．doing [考查非谓语动词。由“you've been injured”可知，受伤了就要停止活动， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，故用 doing。] 4．who/that [考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为 athletes，指人，故用 who 或 that。] 5．held [考查 with 结构。动词 hold 与 his or her head 是动宾关系，故用过去分词 作宾补。] 6．medical [考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处是形容词修饰名词 help，故用 medical。] 7．lies/is lying [考查时态。此处表示“如果这个人躺在/正躺在地上”，故应用一 般现在时或现在进行时。] 8．probably [考查副词。分析句子结构可知，这里应用副词修饰动词。] 9．about/on [考查介词。分析句意可知，这里指的是“做什么来保持健康的建议”， 故用 about/on 表示“关于”。] 10．before [考查介词。分析句意可知，在尝试任何活动之前先咨询一下医生，故用 before。] Ⅱ.短文改错 (2017·合肥高三质量检测)My school holds a sports meeting in every October.We all looked forward to it，for it is a time for us to reduce stress and it always brings us lots of unforgettable memories.It usually last for three days，during which time we have no classes.All the student go to the playground to watch or joining in games. The part I like most is the relay race. With race going on，our excitement grows. All of them yell out“come on”to the athletes, watching them competing aggressive. The most breathtaking moment is that the athletes are getting to the finishing line. Somebody can tell who is the winner until the last minute. 【答案】 My school holds a sports meeting ﹨in every October.We all looked look forward to it， for it is a time for us to reduce stress and it always brings us lots of unforgettable memories. It usually last lasts for three days，during which time we have no classes. All the student students go to the playground to watch or joining join in games. The part I like most is the relay race.With ∧the race going on，our excitement grows.All of them us yell out “come on”to the athletes，watching them competing aggressive aggressively .The most 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 breathtaking moment is that when the athletes are getting to the finishing line.Somebody Nobody can tell who is the winner until the last minute. Ⅲ.书面表达 (2017·呼和浩特高三调研)如今，我们身边不乏“低头族”。他们在与朋友聚会、家人 团聚或乘坐交通工具时，常常低头忙于浏览手机。请简要描述此现象，并发表你的看法。 注意：1.词数 100 左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 提示词：低头族 phubbing The phenomenon that people are always phubbing is becoming more and more popular. 【参考范文】 The phenomenon that people are always phubbing is becoming more and more popular. Some people only stare at the screens of their phones，ignoring the people around them no matter when they take a bus, hold a party or even get together with their families.Worse still，they will not miss the chance of surfing the Internet or playing the games when they cross the road，which is likely to cause serious accidents and threaten their lives. It is high time that we threw away the phone and raised our heads up. Do cherish the ones around us and appreciate the splendid scenery ahead of us.