广东省深圳市2020届高三第一次调研考试英语试题 Word版含解析 25页

- 1 - 2020 年深圳市高三年级第一次调研考试 英语试题 试卷共 8 页，卷面满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在 答题 卡上的指定位置。用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型 A 后的方框涂黑。 2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。写 在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草 稿纸 和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该 项涂黑。 A Auckland University Online Education — What to Expect Most Auckland University （AU） online programs are 100 percent online so that students do not come to the school campus. Instead, AU has designed a media-rich, easy-to-use learning environment through a Learning Management System （LMS）. • Discipline （纪律） With disciplined work habits, you are likely to succeed as an online student. It is up to you to log on to your course and meet your own deadlines. • Time Management In order to earn competitive grades, plan on spending a minimum of 20-25 hours a week on each course. AU courses operate on a seven-week schedule, with start dates in January, March, May, July, September and November. Students are able to complete two courses per semester by taking one seven-week course at a time. • Professional Connections Many of the AU faculty （教员）who teach online have connections to industry, - 2 - so the online learning environment ensures access to diverse expertise and practice. It includes an extensive network of professionals in a variety of industries. “I work as an IT manager. And right from the very beginning, every class I took was relevant to what I was doing at work. The wide range of courses gave me a strong foundation for my career development.” —Jim Heilman, Computer Information Systems graduate • Technology It goes without saying that technology plays a vital role in online learning. You will need a high-speed Internet connection and basic computer skills. For specifics, please click here to visit our Technology page. 1. How long does it take to complete one course? A. Seven weeks. B. One semester. C. Several months. D. At least 20-25 hours. 2. What is the purpose of mentioning Jim Heilman? A. To recognize an excellent graduate. B. To set a good example to other learners. C. To prove benefits of professional connections. D. To show effective methods of online learning. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A course brochure. B. A college website. C. An academic magazine. D. An online advertisement. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 本文是应用文。文章介绍了奥克兰大学的在线教育的优势所在。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Students are able to complete two courses per semester by taking one seven-week course at a time.”可知，一门课程需要七个星期来完成，学 生每学期可以上完两门课程。即完成一门课程需要七个星期。故选 A。 【2 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The wide range of courses gave me a strong foundation - 3 - for my career development.”可知，广泛的课程为 Jim Heilman 的职业发展奠定了坚实的 基础。因此文章提到 Jim Heilman 的目的是为了证明与专业人士建立联系的好处。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For specifics, please click here to visit our Technology page.”可知，有关详细信息，请单击此处访问我们的技术学院的页面。因此文 章可能来自一个大学网站。故选 B。 B My mother always said, “You young men should explore your own country before stepping out into the world.” It seemed like a tough task. But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017.I jumped at the opportunity and secured an inexpensive ticket. Excitement was at its peak as I approached the train station on the morning when my 22-day adventure was to begin. I jumped on board the passenger vessel （车厢） like it was the train to Hogwarts in Harry Potter. The train headed west in search of our first destination — the scenic town of Banff, Alberta. After just an hour on the train, desperation already came on me. The thought of three full days on those tracks broke my spirits. As I gazed out towards Lake Superior’s glistening （闪 闪发亮）waves, I decided if I was to be stuck in here, I would need to enjoy my time. Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails. Real friendships with the crew were born within that train. Stops were made in small, remote railroad villages. A large group of strangers turned travelling companions would rush towards the villages to reward our endless patience with local cuisine. At night, we would walk to the glass-domed （玻璃穹顶）train car, which gave a scenic view of the night sky, untouched by light pollution. After three days, we arrived in Banff. Before my adventure of taking the train across Canada, if I could have skipped the travel and arrived at the destination, I would have. But that is no longer true. I’ve learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination. 4. What made the author’s train trip possible? - 4 - A. The encouragement from his mother. B. The attraction of the splendid scenery. C. A time-limited ticket offer for youths. D. His determination to face the tough tasks. 5. What did the author experience after one hour on the train? A. Great joy. B. A dream-like trip. C. Unrealistic hopes. D. Faded enthusiasm. 6. Which of the following best describes the author as a young man? A. Considerate. B. Adaptable. C. Smart. D. Determined. 7. What has the author learned from his adventure? A. To enjoy travelling on his own. B. To be content with train service. C. To skip to the final destination. D. To explore more in the process. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者的旅行经历，作者的心态从盼望快速到达目的地转变为关注 旅途中的快乐。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But luckily for me, Via Rail Canada offered youths between the ages of 18 and 25 the chance to ride the train across Canada for the month of July in 2017.I jumped at the opportunity and secured an inexpensive ticket.”可知， 对作者来说幸运的是，Via Rail Canada 公司为 18 至 25 岁之间的年轻人提供了在 2017 年 7 月乘火车穿越加拿大的机会。作者抓住这个机会并获得了一张便宜的火车票。因此 Via Rail Canada 公司为青少年提供的限时的火车票使作者的火车之旅成为了可能。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After just an hour on the train, desperation already came - 5 - on me. The thought of three full days on those tracks broke my spirits.”可知，在 火车上仅一个小时之后，作者就已经感到绝望了。一想到要在火车上呆整整三天让作者很沮 丧。即作者在火车上呆了一个小时后，其旅行热情开始下降。故选 D。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As I gazed out towards Lake Superior’s glistening waves, I decided if I was to be stuck in here, I would need to enjoy my time.” 和第三段 中的“Those three days turned into a summer camp on rails. Real friendships with the crew were born within that train.”可知，当作者凝视苏必利尔湖畔闪闪发光的海浪时， 作者决定如果要呆在这里，我需要享受我的时间。那三天变成了铁轨上的夏令营。与乘务员 的真正友谊源于那列火车。由此可知，作者想办法度过在火车上的时间，使自己充满快乐。 因此“适应性强”最能恰当地描述作者。故选 B。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I’ve learned that the journey can be more enjoyable than the destination.”可知，作者明白了关注旅途中的快乐比盼望到达目的地更有趣。即 作者明白了要在旅行中去探索更多的快乐。故选 D。 C Jeremy from America cannot understand why a lady he met outside the Hyde Park in London said, “Ooh, isn’t it cold?”, and he thinks of this behaviour as a distinctively English concern about the weather. In fact, the female was just trying to strike up a conversation with Jeremy. Not necessarily a long conversation — just an exchange of greetings. It is not always quite that obvious, but all English weather conversations have a distinctive structure conducted according to unwritten but accepted rules. The unpredictable nature of our weather ensures that there is always something new to comment on, or perhaps most importantly, agree about. We have already established that weather-speak greetings like “Cold, isn’t it?” require the response expressing agreement, as in “Yes, isn’t it?” .It would be very rude to respond with “No, actually it’s quite mild.” or “It’s pretty hot to me.” If you deliberately break the rule, you will find that the atmosphere becomes rather tense and awkward. There may be an uncomfortable silence. Most likely, they will either - 6 - change the subject or continue talking about the weather among themselves politely, if coldly, ignoring your faux pas. There is, however, one situation in which English weather-speakers are not required to observe the agreement rule at all and that is the male-bonding argument, particularly the pub-argument. In the special environment of the pub, constant disagreement not just on the weather, but on everything else as well is a means of expressing friendship. While we may spend much of our time complaining about our weather, foreigners are not allowed to criticize it. Indeed, this brings us to the weather as family rule. In this respect, we treat the English weather like a member of our family: one can complain about the behavior of one’s own children or parents, but any blame from an outsider is unacceptable. The weather may be one of the few things about which the English are still unconsciously and unashamedly patriotic （爱国的）. 8. Why did the lady comment on the weather to Jeremy? A. To build up friendship. B. To begin a casual chat. C. To send seasonal greetings. D. To express dissatisfaction. 9. What does the underlined phrase “faux pas” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Improper response. B. Careless attitude. C. Rude interruption. D. Frequent complaint. 10. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Male bonding in pubs. B. Argument about weather. C. Exception to the agreement rule. D. Making friends by disagreement. 11. What is the best title for this text? A. Politeness Tips for Foreigners - 7 - B. Accepted Rules in Social Life C. English Politeness in Weather Conversation D. Hidden Rules of English Weather Conversation 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章讲述英国人在谈论天气时是按照未成文但被人们普遍接受的规则进行的， 谈论天气是英国人一种独有的情怀。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In fact, the female was just trying to strike up a conversation with Jeremy. Not necessarily a long conversation — just an exchange of greetings.”可知，实际上这名女性只是想与 Jeremy 搭一下话。不必是长时间的对话， 只是互相问好。因此这位女士对 Jeremy 评论天气是为了开始一个随便的聊天。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 短语猜测题。根据第二段中的“The unpredictable nature of our weather ensures that there is always something new to comment on, or perhaps most importantly, agree about.”可知，我们天气的不可预测性确保我们始终有新的东西可以评论，或者说最重要的 是要达成对天气的共识。由此可知，人们在谈论天气时，双方往往会有一致的看法。由“If you deliberately break the rule, you will find that the atmosphere becomes rather tense and awkward. There may be an uncomfortable silence.”可知，如果你故意违反规则，你 会发现气氛变得非常紧张和尴尬。可能会有不舒服的沉默。因此说话双方就要做出选择，即 下文的“他们很可能会改变话题，或者继续礼貌地谈论天气”。如果对话氛围不好的话，他 们自然会忽略你的回应。因此，这说明你的回应是不合适的，即违背了人们默认的规则。即 划线短语意为“不当的回应”。 故选 A。 【10 题详解】 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“There is, however, one situation in which English weather-speakers are not required to observe the agreement rule at all and that is the male-bonding argument, particularly the pub-argument. In the special environment of the pub, constant disagreement not just on the weather, but on everything else as well is a means of expressing friendship.”可知，有一种情况下，英国谈论天气的 人不需要遵守规则，这是发生在男人小圈子里的，尤其是在酒吧。在酒吧的特殊环境中，天 - 8 - 气上的不断的分歧和在其他所有方面的分歧都是表达友谊的一种手段。即第 3 段主要讲的是 遵守天气对话规则的例外。故选 C。 【11 题详解】 标题判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段的“all English weather conversations have a distinctive structure conducted according to unwritten but accepted rules.”可知， 所有关于天气的对话都是按照未成文但被人们普遍接受的规则进行的。文章接下来具体地对 该规则进行了解释，因此本文的最佳标题是“英国人天气对话的潜规则”。故选 D。 D Should we be thrilled that, for the first time in a century, Australia went more than a week without using any coal to make electricity? While some are welcoming this as a sign that the country is going green, the bigger picture is less encouraging. For one thing, renewables （可再生能源）supplied only 23 per cent of electricity during this coal-free period, while 45 per cent came from natural gas. In the past decade, the country has gone from getting a third of its electricity from coal to obtaining more than a third from renewables like onshore wind on average. Australia now gets 11 per cent of its electricity from “renewable” biomass （生物质能）, much of it using imported wood. But forest campaigners say swapping coal for wood isn’t truly renewable and is actually doing huge damage to the environment. For another, Australia is off-track when it comes to meeting its long-term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions (排放).Producing electricity without burning fossil fuels is relatively easy. But it is much harder to heat homes, to make cement and steel, to grow food and to power cars, ships and planes without producing any greenhouse gases. In view of this, we should handle the energy and climate crises at the same time by finding climate-friendly alternatives to coal. Australia has now stopped the financial aid that drove its renewables revolution. So growth in renewable energy is expected to come to a stop in a decade. The global renewables revolution seems to be following the same trend. The International Energy Agency （IEA） recently announced that the world added 180 gigawatts （千兆瓦）of solar, wind, hydro power and bioenergy in 2018, the same as in 2017. But IEA said we must add 300 gigawatts a year to have a chance of limiting global warming to under - 9 - 2°C by 2100. So we should cheer the end of coal, but continue to worry about how it will be replaced. 12. In the “coal-free week”, what did Australia use most to make electricity? A. Natural gas. B. Onshore wind. C. Biomass. D. Wood. 13. What can be inferred about the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in Paragraph 2? A. Positive results are tracked. B. Long-term goals are ambitious. C. Additional efforts are required. D. Climate changes are unavoidable. 14. What can we learn about renewable energy in Paragraph 3? A. It ought to be replaced. B. It will see an adequate increase. C. It starts a revolution in Australia. D. It needs constant financial aid. 15. What is the author’s attitude towards the coal-free week? A. Skeptical. B. Optimistic. C. Thrilled. D. Ambiguous. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章讲述了一个世纪以来，首次没有使用任何煤炭发电的澳大利亚引起人们 的关注，虽然这是一个好的势头，但总体情况却不太乐观。促进可再生能源更新需要持续的 财政援助和不断的努力。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For one thing, renewables supplied only 23 per cent of electricity during this coal-free period, while 45 per cent came from natural gas.” 可知，可再生能源在这个无煤时期仅提供了 23％的电力，而 45％的电力来自天然气。因此在 “无煤周”中，澳大利亚用的最多的来发电的东西是天然气。故选 A。 【13 题详解】 - 10 - 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For another, Australia is off-track when it comes to meeting its long-term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Producing electricity without burning fossil fuels is relatively easy. But it is much harder to heat homes, to make cement and steel, to grow food and to power cars, ships and planes without producing any greenhouse gases. In view of this, we should handle the energy and climate crises at the same time by finding climate-friendly alternatives to coal.”可知，在实现减少温室气体排放的长期目标方面，澳大利亚偏离了轨道。在不燃 烧化石燃料的情况下生产电力相对容易。但是，在不产生任何温室气体的情况下，为房屋供 暖，制造水泥和钢铁，种植食物以及为汽车，轮船和飞机提供动力要困难得多。有鉴于此， 我们应该通过寻找对气候有好处的煤炭替代品来同时应对能源和气候危机。由此可知，关于 减少温室气体的排放，还需要作出额外的努力。故选 C。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Australia has now stopped the financial aid that drove its renewables revolution. So growth in renewable energy is expected to come to a stop in a decade. The global renewables revolution seems to be following the same trend.”可知，澳大利亚现已停止了推动其可再生能源革新的财政援助。因此，可再生能源 的增长预计将在十年内停止。全球可再生能源革新似乎正在遵循同样的趋势。即促进可再生 能源更新需要持续的财政援助。故选 D。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Should we be thrilled that, for the first time in a century, Australia went more than a week without using any coal to make electricity? While some are welcoming this as a sign that the country is going green, the bigger picture is less encouraging.”和“So we should cheer the end of coal, but continue to worry about how it will be replaced.”可知，一个世纪以来首次没有使用任何煤炭发电的澳大 利亚让有些人对此表示欢迎，这表明澳大利亚正在走向绿色环保，但总体情况却不那么令人 鼓舞。我们应该为煤炭使用的终结欢呼，但还要继续担心它将如何被取代。因此可知，作者 对“无煤周”持怀疑态度。故选 A。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Asking for feedback (反馈)is an essential step in your design process regardless - 11 - of whether your work is finished or not. ___16___ You may do this in team meetings. You may do this after a person stares at your works for two hours, or after you post what you’ve just created. But in your effort to improve, it’s vital to understand the characteristics that separate three types of feedback. Reaction-based feedback tends to be casual and emotional. For example, “That’s wonderful!” Feedback of this type is driven by what a person thinks he is expected to say or what the designer wants to hear. ___17___ This kind of reaction has little to do with what is being presented. ___18___ For example, “You should include a wider range of colors and make them match.” That’s also where such feedback ends. In this form of feedback, the individual providing it is often looking for ways to bring the creation more in line with his own expectations for designs. When you are designing something, you need to have a specific purpose. When looking for feedback, you are working to understand whether your creation appropriately meets the purpose. ___19___ And that’s exactly what is offered by a critique （批判性反馈）,the third kind of feedback. For example, “If the purpose is to attract kids, it is fantastic to have a colorful castle-like building. Don’t use dark cloth, and avoid large furniture.” Comment of this type helps you tell if your work has achieved the desired outcome. ___20___ A. But feedback differs greatly in its usefulness. B. Direction-based feedback begins with a suggestion. C. Sometime you need to turn to others for their comments. D. It’s this form of feedback that is most helpful to your design. E. You are looking for critical analysis for strengths or weaknesses. F. Like emotional feedback, this next kind of feedback offers no explanation. G. It is a response to the social demands of the situation rather than the needs of the designer. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. D 【解析】 - 12 - 【分析】 本文是说明文。文章讲述了信息反馈的类型及其重要性。 【16 题详解】 考查段中句。根据空前“Asking for feedback is an essential step in your design process regardless of whether your work is finished or not.（无论您的工作是否完成，寻求反 馈都是设计过程中的重要步骤。）”和空后“You may do this in team meetings. You may do this after a person stares at your works for two hours, or after you post what you've just created.（您可以在团队会议中进行此操作。）”可知，C 项（有时您需要寻求他人的意 见。）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。空后句子中的 this 指代的是该选项的做法。故选 C 项。 【17 题详解】 考查段中句。根据空前“Feedback of this type is driven by what a person thinks he is expected to say or what the designer wants to hear.（这种类型的反馈取决于一个人认 为他应该说什么或设计者想听到什么。）”和空后“This kind of reaction has little to do with what is being presented.（这种反应与所呈现的内容无关。）”可知，G 项（这是对当 时情况的社会需求的回应，而不是对设计者的需求的回应。）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通 顺。该选项中的 it 指代的是本段提到的反馈类型。故选 G 项。 【18 题详解】 考查段首句。根据空后“For example, “You should include a wider range of colors and make them match.” That’s also where such feedback ends.（例如，您应该使用更多的 颜色并使它们匹配。这也是反馈结束的地方。）”可知，B 项（基于方向的反馈开始于提建议。） 能够与下文连接通顺。空格后的句子是在举例子，与该选项的 suggestion 呼应。故选 B 项。 【19 题详解】 考查段首句。根据空后“And that’s exactly what is offered by a critique, the third kind of feedback. For example, “If the purpose is to attract kids, it is fantastic to have a colorful castle-like building. Don’t use dark cloth, and avoid large furniture.”（这正是批判性反馈所提供的。例如，如果目的是吸引孩子，那么拥有色彩缤 纷的城堡般的建筑真是太好了。不要使用深色布料并且要避免使用大型家具。）”可知，E 项 （您正在寻找对优点或缺点的批判分析。）能够与下文连接通顺。空后的举例子是从优缺点方 面进行评价，这与该选项中的 strengths 和 weaknesses 相呼应。故选 E 项。 - 13 - 【20 题详解】 考查段尾句。根据空前“Comment of this type helps you tell if your work has achieved the desired outcome.（这种类型的评论可帮助您判断您的工作是否取得了预期的结果。）” 可知，D 项（这种反馈形式对您的设计最有帮助。）能够承接上文。该选项中的 this form of feedback 指的是本段提到的批判性反馈。故选 D 项。 【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空格处前后的内 容，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否有同词复现，代 词的指代等。在本文中，第 1 小题：C 选项中的 it 指代的是本段提到的反馈类型；第 2 小题： G 选项中的 it 指代的是本段提到的反馈类型；第 3 小题：空格后的句子是在举例子，与 B 选 项的 suggestion 呼应；第 4 小题：空后的举例子是从优缺点方面进行评价，这与 E 选项中的 strengths 和 weaknesses 相呼应；第 5 小题：D 选项中的 this form of feedback 指的是本 段提到的批判性反馈。 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B.C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Yassin Terou owns a restaurant in downtown Knoxville. One morning, he ___21___ early, only to find someone had attempted to rob his shop. A rock was ___22___ thrown through the window and broken pieces were seen everywhere. But since the food is made ___23___ each morning and the cash registers are ___24___ every night, the thief went away empty-handed. After realizing the person who broke in was probably ___25___ in some way, Yassin, instead of being ___26___, put up a sign that read “If you are hungry or need emergency money, just ___27___ till we open! We are more than happy to ___28___ you when we are open!” Sounds unbelievable, right? But to people who know Yassin, it is not ___29___ at all. When he first arrived in the U.S. as a refugee （难民）, he struggled to find his_____30_____ because of discrimination. But he quickly discovered the best way to fight the _____31_____he felt was to be loving. With the help of local community - 14 - （社区）,Yassin _____32_____ a restaurant. He welcomes everyone into his restaurant, regardless of their _____33_____. He knows and greets hundreds of _____34_____ by name daily, and the relaxed and _____35_____ atmosphere makes visiting feel like seeing family. At one point, Yassin was accused of “stealing _____36_____ from Americans” by someone who was laid off. Despite the fact that he is a _____37_____ citizen of this country and that he should just have ignored him, he calmly offered to _____38_____ the man who charged him. Yassin’s restaurant was _____39_____ with the title of “Nicest Place of America” by Reader s Digest in 2018. His success comes from the kindness, love and _____40_____ he shows in everything he does. And of course, the food is delicious too! 21. A. dropped in B. slipped away C. showed up D. moved out 22. A. apparently B. carelessly C. casually D. narrowly 23. A. delicious B. fresh C. attractive D. healthy 24. A. checked B. cleaned C. removed D. emptied 25. A. hiding B. compromising C. suffering D. cheating 26. A. disappointed B. annoyed C. relieved D. delighted 27. A. wait B. continue C. escape D. search 28. A. forgive B. accompany C. treat D. help 29. A. satisfying B. amusing C. surprising D. challenging 30. A. place B. strength C. interest D. style 31. A. sympathy B. hate C. loneliness D. anxiety 32. A. inspected B. visited C. decorated D. started 33. A. appearances B. ages C. differences D. characters 34. A. residents B. customers C. tourists D. neighbours 35. A. friendly B. informal C. traditional D. quiet - 15 - 36. A. money B. food C. dreams D. jobs 37. A. foreign B. legal C. former D. wealthy 38. A. promote B. understand C. employ D. praise 39. A. presented B. associated C. equipped D. covered 40. A. courage B. enthusiasm C. confidence D. acceptance 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D 【解析】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了 Yassin Terou 的餐馆在关门后被人闯入，但是小偷一无所获。 Yassin 意识到闯入者可能正遭受某种痛苦后贴出标语，表明自己愿意帮助他的故事并回顾了 Yassin 在美国创业的成功。除了食物的美味，他的成功来自于他对所做的一切都表现出的善 良，热爱和接受。 【21 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天早上，他很早就来到餐馆，却发现有人曾企图抢劫他的商店。 A. dropped in 临时拜访；B. slipped away 溜走；C. showed up 出现；D. moved out 搬出 去。本段后面提到有人强行闯入了 Yassin 的餐馆想要抢劫，Yassin 在早晨来到餐馆后发现了 迹象，选择 showed up 合乎语境。故选 C。 【22 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然有一块石头从窗户扔进了餐馆，屋内到处都可以看到碎片。A. apparently 显然地；B. carelessly 粗心地；C. casually 随便地；D. narrowly 勉强地， 狭窄地。Yassin 到达餐馆后发现了有人用石块打碎玻璃后进入的证据，因此这是很明显的。 故选 A。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，由于每天早晨都要新鲜烹制食物，并且每天晚上都要清 空收银机，所以小偷空手走了。A. delicious 美味的；B. fresh 新鲜的；C. attractive 诱 人的；D. healthy 健康的。小偷没有偷到东西，说明餐馆每天的食物都是新准备的。故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，由于每天早晨都要新鲜烹制食物，并且每天晚上都要清空 - 16 - 收银机，所以小偷空手走了。A. checked 检查；B. cleaned 清洗；C. removed 移除；D. emptied 清空。and 前后表示的是小偷空手离开餐馆的原因，即每天早晨餐馆的食物都是新 准备的及收银机每晚都会被清空。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在意识到闯入者可能遭受某种痛苦之后，Yassin 没有生气，而是 贴出标语，上面写着“如果您饿了或急需用钱，请等我们开门！”A. hiding 隐藏；B. compromising 妥协；C. suffering 遭受，受苦；D. cheating 作弊。由下一段的 hungry 可 知，Yassin 意识到这个小偷可能在遭受着饥饿，选择 suffering 合乎语境。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在意识到闯入者可能遭受某种痛苦之后，Yassin 没有生气，而 是贴出标语，上面写着“如果您饿了或急需用钱，请等我们开门！”A. disappointed 失望的； B. annoyed 懊恼的；C. relieved 宽慰的；D. delighted 欣喜的。Yassin 因为有人强行闯 入店中会感到生气的，但当他意识到小偷可能在挨饿，他便不再生气了。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在意识到闯入者可能遭受某种痛苦之后，Yassin 没有生气，而是 贴出标语，上面写着“如果您饿了或急需用钱，请等我们开门！”A. wait 等待；B. continue 继续；C. escape 逃逸；D. search 搜索。Yassin 想帮助遭遇困境的人，因此张贴标志， 意在向其传递信息：“请等待我们开门，你可以来店里得到我们的帮助”。选择 wait 合乎语 境。故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们开门的时候，我们非常乐于帮助你。A. forgive 原谅；B. accompany 陪伴；C. treat 对待；D. help 帮助。由最后一段可知，Yassin 是愿意帮助别人 的人，因此此处选择 help 合乎语境。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是对于认识 Yassin 的人来说，这一点也不令人惊讶。A. satisfying 令人满意的；B. amusing 有趣的；C. surprising 令人惊讶的；D. challenging 具 有挑战性的。由 unbelievable 及下一段 Yassin 乐于助人的事迹可知，了解 Yassin 的人对于 他所做的事情不会感到惊讶的。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他以难民身份首次到达美国时，他由于受到歧视，因此很费力 - 17 - 地寻找自己的位置。A. place 地点；B. strength 强度；C. interest 利益；D. style 样式。 Yassin 初来美国时，因为受到歧视，在美国社会很难找到自己的位置。find one ’s place： 找到自己的位置。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他很快发现了抗击仇恨的最佳方法是关爱他人。A. sympathy 同情；B. hate 讨厌；C. loneliness 孤独；D. anxiety 焦虑。因为有人歧视 Yassin，因此 他感受到了别人对他的讨厌。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当地社区的帮助下，Yassin 开了一家餐馆。A. inspected 检查； B. visited 参观；C. decorated 装饰；D. started 开始，启动。由下文的他欢迎每个人进 入餐馆可知，来到美国后，他开了一家餐馆。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他欢迎每个人进入他的餐厅，无论他们有什么区别。A. appearances 出现；B. ages 年龄；C. differences 差异；D. characters 人物。Yassin 欢迎每个人进入 餐馆，因此他不去理会人和人的不同，他不会像某些人歧视他一样而去歧视别人。故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每天都会认识并招呼数百名顾客，而轻松友好的气氛使就餐者 像看见家人一样。A. residents 居民；B. customers 顾客；C. tourists 游客；D. neighbours 邻 居。Yassin 开了餐馆，因此每天要迎接很多顾客。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他每天都会认识并招呼数百名顾客的名字，而轻松友好的气氛 使就餐者像看见家人一样。A. friendly 友好的；B. informal 非正式的；C. traditional 传 统的；D. quiet 安静的。顾客到店后感觉像是看到家人一样，因此餐馆的气氛是让人感到 放松的和友好的。故选 A。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，Yassin 被一个被解雇的人指控“偷美国人的工作”。A. money 钱；B. food 食物；C. dreams 梦；D. jobs 工作。有人失去了工作，其职责 Yassin 偷走了工作。故选 D。 【37 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次，Yassin 被一个被解雇的人指控“偷美国人的工作”。A. - 18 - foreign 国外的；B. legal 合法的，法律的；C. former 从前的；D. wealthy 富裕的。Yassin 本可以不理会指控他的人，因此可知 Yassin 是一个合法的公民。故选 B。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yassin 是这个国家的合法公民，他本应该不理会这个人，但 Yassin 还是冷静地提出要雇用这个人。A. promote 促进；B. understand 理解；C. employ 雇佣；D. praise 赞美。因为 Yassin 的乐于助人，即使面对指责，他也雇佣了那个失去工作的人。故 选 C。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： Yassin 的餐馆在 2018 年被《读者文摘》授予“美国最美地点” 的称号。A. presented 提出；B. associated 联系；C. equipped 装备；D. covered 遮盖。 Yassin 的善举使他获得了称赞，被授予了荣誉。present…with…：授予，将某物赠与某人。 故选 A。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的成功来自于他对自己所做的一切都表现出善良，热爱和接受。 A. courage 勇气；B. enthusiasm 热情；C. confidence 自信；D. acceptance 接受。从 Yassin 的经历可知，他的成功源自他对一切的包容，关爱和善良，此处并列的三个名词是对 Yassin 品质的总结。故选 D。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Reading a book can open the door to a wonderful new world of magic and ___41___(discover), which is why people all around the world love to read. Every year many notable prizes ___42___ (award) to the creative minds behind the books we enjoy. One such prize goes to the best new work of children’s fiction. Known as the Newbery Medal, the award got started back in 1921, ___43___ Frederic Melcher suggested the American Library Association set up an annual award ___44___ the best new children’s book. Everyone agreed, and they ___45___ (eventual) decided to name the award after John Newbery, an 18th-century English publisher who had made great efforts ___46___ (promote) children’s literature. The winning book is selected by a committee that ___47___ (vary) from year to year, and the process of ___48___ (choose) a winner takes an entire year. Sometimes, ___49___ committee will designate - 19 - (指定)honor books, which are books that might not have won the award, but are still considered to be very____50____ (impress). So next time you are at the bookstore, take a look at the children’s section. 【答案】41. discovery 42. are awarded 43. when 44. for 45. eventually 46. to promote 47. varies 48. choosing 49. the 50. impressive 【解析】 本文是说明文。读书可以开阔人们的视野，发现未知世界的秘密。文章介绍了儿童读物奖“纽 伯里奖”的来历。 【41 题详解】 考查名词。句意：读书可以打开神奇的世界之门并给人们带来新的发现，这就是全世界的人 们都喜欢读书的原因。此处需要填入名词和 magic 并列，它们一起来作介词 of 的宾语， discover 的名词是 discovery，它在句子中作为不可数名词使用。故填 discovery。 【42 题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：每年，我们喜欢的书背后的创新思维都会获得许多杰出的奖项。由 every year 可知，句子要使用一般现在时，主语 prizes 承受 award 的动作，因此 award 还要 使用被动语态。故填 are awarded。 【43 题详解】 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：该奖项被称为纽伯里奖，该奖项始于 1921 年，当时弗雷德里 克·梅尔彻（Frederic Melcher）建议美国图书馆协会设立年度最佳新儿童读物奖。分析句 子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是 1921，它在从句中作状语，因此使用 when 引导 定语从句。故填 when。 【44 题详解】 考查介词。句意：该奖项被称为纽伯里奖，该奖项始于 1921 年，当时弗雷德里克·梅尔彻 （Frederic Melcher）建议美国图书馆协会设立年度最佳新儿童读物奖。此处需要填入介词， 结合句意及语境，应使用 for，表示“为了”。故填 for。 - 20 - 【45 题详解】 考查副词。句意：大家都同意了，他们最终决定以 18 世纪英国出版商约翰·纽伯里（John Newbery）的名字命名，他为促进儿童文学做出了巨大的努力。副词作状语修饰动词 decided。 故填 eventually。 【46 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：大家都同意了，他们最终决定以 18 世纪英国出版商约翰·纽伯里（John Newbery）的名字命名，他为促进儿童文学做出了巨大的努力。make great efforts to do 是 固定结构，意为“努力做某事”。故填 to promote。 【47 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：获奖书是由每年不同的委员会选出的，而选出获奖者的过程则 需要一整年的时间。由 from year to year 可知，定语从句使用一般现在时，committee 是从 句的主语，因此从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。故填 varies。 【48 题详解】 考查动名词。句意：获奖书是由每年不同的委员会选出的，而选出获奖者的过程则需要一整 年的时间。此处需要填入动名词作介词 of 的宾语。故填 choosing。 【49 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：有时，委员会将指定荣誉图书，这些图书可能没有获得奖项，但仍然被认 为是给人留下深刻印象的。此处为第二次提到该委员会，为特指意义，应使用定冠词。故填 the。 【50 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有时，委员会会指定荣誉图书，这些图书可能没有获得奖项，但仍然被 认为是给人留下深刻印象的。be 动词后接形容词作表语，结合句意使用 impress 的形容词 impressive。故填 impressive。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中 共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 - 21 - 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Last year, our city called on the citizens to sort and recycle rubbish, but I became a volunteer in my neighbourhood. After dinner, I got to the place that different rubbish should be thrown into different bin. Then came an old lady, carrying a bag of kitchen waste with plastic bottles in them. I helped her pick out of the recyclable bottles with patient. After that, more people came and I show them how to classify the rubbish mixing in their bags. When the kitchen waste was taken away, I finished my job. Although tired, I felt happily and went home with strong sense of achievement. 【 答 案 】 【解析】 【分析】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为志愿者参与垃圾分类的活动。虽然很累，但作者感到很 开心，参与志愿者活动使作者获得了强烈的成就感。 【详解】1.考查连词。句意：去年，我们的城市呼吁市民对垃圾进行分类和回收，然后我成 了社区的一名志愿者。but 前后的内容在逻辑上可以是承接关系，因此 but 改成 and；也可以 理解成为因果关系，因此 but 改成 so。故将 but 改为 and 或 so。 2.考查定语从句的引导词。句意：晚餐后，我到达了将不同垃圾倒入不同垃圾箱的地方。分 析句子结构可知，place 是定语从句的先行词，它在从句中作地点状语，应使用 where 引导定 语从句。故将 that 改为 where。 3.考查名词的数。句意：晚餐后，我到达了将不同垃圾倒入不同垃圾箱的地方。different 修 - 22 - 饰可数名词 bin，bin 要使用复数形式。故将 bin 改为 bins。 4.考查人称代词。句意：那时有一位老人，提着一袋厨房垃圾，里面装有塑料瓶。指代前面 的 a bag 应该使用 it。故将 them 改为 it。 5.考查固定短语。句意：我和她一起帮助她从可回收瓶中挑选出来。pick out 这个固定短语 可直接接宾语 bottles。故将 of 去掉。 6.考查名词。句意：我耐心地帮助她挑选可回收的瓶子。介词 with 后接名词作宾语，patient 的名词是 patience。故将 patient 改为 patience。 7.考查时态。句意：之后，更多的人来了，我向他们展示了如何对袋中的混合垃圾进行分类。 and 前后的谓语动词在时态要保持一致，因此 show 应使用一般过去时 showed。故将 show 改 为 showed。 8.考查过去分词。句意：之后，更多的人来了，我向他们展示了如何对袋中的混合垃圾进行 分类。rubbish 承受 mix 的动作，应使用 mix 的过去分词作后置定语修饰 rubbish。故将 mix 改 为 mixed。 9.考查形容词作表语。句意：虽然很累，但我感到很开心，带着强烈的成就感回到家。feel 为联系动词，后接形容词作表语。故将 happily 改为 happy。 10.考查冠词。句意：虽然很累，但我感到很开心，带着强烈的成就感回到家。此处为泛指意 义，a/an… sense of achievement：一种……成就感。strong 为以辅音音素开头的单词，其 前使用不定冠词 a。故在 strong 前加 a。 【点睛】抓住定语从句“三要素”是学好定语从句的关键。构成定语从句的三个要素是先行 词、引导词及从句其它内容。在具体分析时，有三个步骤：一找先行词，二判断先行词在从 句中充当成份，三确定引导词。第 2 小题考查定语从句的引导词。句意：晚餐后，我到达了 将不同垃圾倒入不同垃圾箱的地方。分析句子结构可知，place 是定语从句的先行词，它在从 句中作地点状语，应使用 where 引导定语从句。故将 that 改为 where。 第二节书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，你的外国笔友 Jack 打算暑假期间来中国体验生活，发来邮件询问相关 信 息。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1.表示欢迎； 2.推荐内容； 3.你的祝愿。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； - 23 - 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jack, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, Knowing that you are coming to China for the summer vacation, I am more than excited to say “Warm welcome” and can’t wait to meet you at the airport with my open arms! To make your trip more worthwhile, I’d like to make some recommendations. To begin with, I suggest you start your holiday in Beijing, a top priority for any traveller to China because you can fully experience the charm of Chinese history and civilization there. Besides, the high speed train, which is fast, safe and comfortable, is a transportation means you can’t miss. When doing shopping, you are recommended to use mobile payments like Wechat Pay or Ali Pay due to the great convenience they offer. Hopefully, you will find your trip rewarding and have a great time in China! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达是一封书信。假定你是李华，你的外国笔友 Jack 打算暑假期间来中国体验生活， 发来邮件询问相关信息。请你回复邮件，介绍相关信息。 【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一 定要认真分析要点，不能遗漏要点：1.表示欢迎；2.推荐内容；3.你的祝愿。写作时注意准 - 24 - 确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注 意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。 根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语有：the summer vacation， more than excited，can’t wait to meet you， make some recommendations，start your holiday in Beijing，a top priority for any traveller to China，fully experience the charm of Chinese history and civilization， the high speed train，transportation means ，use mobile payments， due to the great convenience， find your trip rewarding， have a great time。可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First， Secondly/Second… And then，Finally，In the end，At last，Above all。2.表并列补充 关系：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In addition，as well as，not only…but (also)。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或 语法错误。 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯， 符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句：To begin with, I suggest you start your holiday in Beijing, a top priority for any traveller to China because you can fully experience the charm of Chinese history and civilization there. 这句话运用了 because 引导的原因状语从句；Besides, the high speed train, which is fast, safe and comfortable, is a transportation means you can’t miss.这句话运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从 句。使用了一些固定词组，如：more than， make some recommendations，due to，have a great time。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思 路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 - 25 -