2021届高三英语外研版一轮总复习教师用书：必修3 Module 2 18页

www.ks5u.com ‎ Module 2　Developing and Developed Countries ‎ (主题语境——人与社会之科学与技术：社会进步与人类文明)‎ ‎1．economy n. 经济　2.commerce n. 商业 ‎3．corporation n. (大)公司 ‎4．firm n. 公司，企业 adj. 坚固的；坚定的 ‎5．enterprise n. 公司；企/事业单位 ‎6．company n. 公司 7.negotiation n. 协商；谈判 ‎8．business n. 生意；交易；事业 9.deal n. 大量；数额；交易 ‎10．trade n. 贸易 11.profit n. 利润 ‎12．loss n. 损失 13.account n. 账目；描述 ‎14．bill n. 账单；(美)钞票；票据 15.debt n. 债务；欠款 ‎16．finance n. 资金，财政，财务，金融 ‎17．interest n. 利息 18.budget n. 预算 ‎19．capital n. 资本 20.currency n. 货币；流通 ‎21．invest v. 投资 22.export n．& vt. 出口 ‎23．import n．& v. 进口 24.manage vt. 管理；经营 ‎25．boom n．& vi. (生意)繁荣；激增 ‎26．decline n．& v. 减少；下降；衰退 ‎27．decrease n．& v. 减少；减小；降低 ‎28．poverty n. 贫穷 ‎29．expectancy n. 预期数额 30.statistics n. 统计数字 ‎1．be short of 短缺的；缺乏的；不足的 ‎2．bring down prices 降低价格 ‎3．meet/satisfy one's needs 满足某人的需求 ‎4．set aside 拨出；留出；不理会 ‎5．make a profit 盈利；赚钱 ‎6．be beneficial to 对……有益 ‎7．lay the foundation for 为……打下基础 ‎8．from another perspective 从另一个角度 ‎9．be devoted to 投身于 ‎10．in all aspects of human life 在人类生活的各个方面 ‎11．give rise to 引起；使发生 ‎12．take...into account/consideration 把……考虑在内 ‎13．make contributions to 为……做贡献 ‎14．out of debt 不欠债 ‎15．in hopes of 希望；怀着……的希望 ‎1．China's economy is expected to grow at a medium speed in the coming years, so an increase is possible in the investment in the movie industry and the number of quality movies.‎ 未来几年，中国经济预计中速增长；因此，在电影行业的投资和高质量电影的数量上，增长是可能的。‎ ‎2．Beijing and Shanghai are the two biggest and most important cities ‎ in China. Now let's have a quick look at the similarities and differences between them.‎ 北京和上海是中国的两个最大、最重要的城市。现在让我们快速看一下它们之间的异同。‎ ‎3．When seeking the increase of economy, some areas care little about the environment.‎ 当追求经济增长的时候，一些地区不关心环境问题。‎ ‎4．It is estimated that the economic losses were more than 9.7 billion yuan.‎ 估计造成经济损失97亿多元。‎ ‎5．Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the fact that we shouldn't develop economy at the expense of the environment.‎ 现在越来越多的人意识到我们不应该以牺牲环境作为代价来发展经济这一事实。　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ 单词巧练 写准并记牢 Ⅰ.识记单词 ‎(一)会其形 ‎1．income n. 收入　　　　　　　　　　2.poverty n. 贫穷 ‎3．measure vt. 测定；测量；评估 4.goal n. 目标 ‎5．position n. 位置；职位 6.figure n. 数字 ‎7．homeless adj. 无家可归的 8.tourism n. 旅游业 ‎9．smart adj. 漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的 10.exchange n. 交换 ‎(二)知其意 ‎1．human n. (与动物等对比的)人　　　2.index n. 指数 ‎3．household n. 一家人；家庭 4.charity n. 慈善团体 ‎5．freeway n. 高速公路 ‎6．vast adj. 巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的 Ⅱ.拓展单词 ‎1．hunger n. 饥饿→hungry adj. 饥饿的 ‎2．development n. 发展→develop vt.‎& vi. (使)发展→developing adj. 发展中的→developed adj. 发达的 ‎3．educate vt. 教育；培养；训练→education n. 教育→educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的 ‎4．crowded adj. 拥挤的→crowd n. 人群 v. 聚拢 ‎5．inhabitant n. 居民→inhabit v. 居住 ‎6．similarity n. 类似；相似→similar adj. 相似的→similarly adv. 相似地；同样地 ‎7．unfortunate adj. 不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地→fortunate adj. 幸运的→fortunately adv. 幸运地→fortune n. 幸运；运气 ‎8．location n. 位置；所在地→locate vt. 使坐落于 vi. 定位；定居→located adj. 位于 ‎9．transport n. 交通工具→transportation n. 交通；运输 ‎10．industrial adj. 工业的→industry n. 工业 ‎11．polluted adj. 受到污染的→pollute vt. 污染→pollution n. 污染 ‎12．entertainment n. 娱乐→entertain vt. 使欢乐→entertaining adj. 使人愉快的 高考与教材 ‎1.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.‎ ‎2．(2019·江苏卷)We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. Unfortunately (fortunate), that is not the case.‎ ‎3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)“Of course, we notice it when the sun is ‎ shining，”says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism (tour) office.‎ ‎4．(2018·江苏卷)In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the location (locate) was considered a poor area of town.‎ ‎5．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)To begin with, the name of the movie is Growing Together, which is about the development (develop) of our beloved school.‎ ‎6．(2017·北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you figure it out.‎ ‎7．(2017·江苏卷)Since Internet voting is an unavoidable tendency, it is necessary that some measures (measure) should be taken to make things better.‎ ‎8．(2015·重庆卷)Meanwhile, they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge.‎ ‎1．“收入”名词集锦 ‎①income 收入 ‎②pay 报酬 ‎③salary 薪水 ‎④wage 工资 ‎⑤profit 利润 ‎⑥pension 养老金 ‎2．trans开头高频词全接触 ‎①transport n. 交通 ‎②transportation n. 运输 ‎③transplant v. 移植 ‎④transfer v. 运送 ‎⑤transform v. 改造 ‎⑥transmit v. 传输 ‎3．后缀less形容词大观园 ‎①homeless 无家可归的 ‎②hopeless 无望的 ‎③breathless 气喘吁吁的 ‎④endless 无休止的 ‎⑤countless 数不清的 ‎⑥sleepless 不眠的 ‎ 短语巧练 写准并记牢 ‎1.up_to 达到；忙于；胜任；由……决定 ‎2．make_sure 确定；弄清楚 ‎3．make_progress 取得进步 ‎4．make_efforts 努力 ‎5．in_particular 尤其；特别 ‎6．be_connected_with 与……有联系；与……有关 ‎7．be/get_close_to 接近；靠近 ‎8．at_the_top/bottom_of 在……顶端/底部 ‎9．such_as 像，诸如 ‎10．as_a_result 因此，结果 高考与教材 ‎1.(2019·天津卷)The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, of whom up_to half will be from abroad.‎ ‎2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)What's more, before you enjoy the meal, better make_sure you avoid making noises while chewing food.‎ ‎3．(2017·江苏卷)Therefore, the film industry should make_efforts to attract more viewers.‎ ‎4．(2015·天津卷)One agent recommended a house in_particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was beyond our range, so we declined.‎ ‎1．“be＋adj.＋to(介词)”短语万花筒 ‎①be close to 接近；靠近 ‎②be equal to 等于；胜任 ‎③be familiar to 为……所熟悉 ‎④be open to 对……开放 ‎⑤be opposite to 与……相反 ‎⑥be similar to 与……相似 ‎2．top/bottom相关短语个个清 ‎①at the top/bottom of 在……顶端/底部 ‎②on (the) top of 在……上方 ‎③from top to bottom 从上到下 ‎④at bottom 实际上；本质上 ‎⑤from the bottom of one's heart 从某人心底里 ‎3．as短语全扫光 ‎①as to/for 关于，至于 ‎ ‎②as usual 照例，照常 ‎ ‎③as a result 结果 ‎ ‎④as a rule 通常 ‎ ‎⑤as a whole 总的来说 ‎ ‎⑥as a matter of fact 事实上 ‎ 句式仿写 写准并记牢 ‎1.while用作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况 Norway‎ is at the top of the list, while the US is at number 7. ‎ 挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。‎ ‎2．although引导让步状语从句 Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school, about 115 million children are not being educated.‎ 在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。‎ ‎3．“of＋抽象名词”可用来描述人或事物的特征 It's an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age... ‎ 这是大小和历史相似的城市或城镇之间的一份协议……‎ 高考与教材 ‎1.(2019·江苏卷)李江建议穿中式服装，而苏华认为校服更合适。‎ Li Jiang suggests traditional Chinese clothes while_Su_Hua_thinks_the_school_uniforms_are_more_suitable.‎ ‎2．(2019·江苏卷)虽然中式服装可能看起来更漂亮和时尚，但穿着它四处走动有点奇怪。‎ Although_the_traditional_Chinese_dress_may_look_more_beautiful_and_stylish,_it is a little bit strange to walk around in it.‎ ‎3．(2019·北京卷)我希望以上建议会对你有些帮助。‎ I hope these suggestions above will be_of_some_help to you.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 高频词汇精讲 ‎1．position n．位置；姿势；地位；职位；处境；立场；态度 The UK is in the thirteenth position，while China is in the middle of the list.‎ 英国排在第13位，而中国排在名单的中游。‎ in a(n)．..position 处于……的地位/处境 in/out of position 在/不在适当的位置 be in a position to do sth. (因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事 take (up) a position 就位；得到职位 hold the position of... 担任……的职务 ‎[名师指津] 当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，引导词应用where。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①If you were in my position, you would have sympathy for those poor children.‎ ‎②When I know all the facts, I'll be in a position to_advise (advise) you.‎ ‎③Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales. ‎ ‎(2)完成句子 At present she holds_the_position_of sales manager in a large company.‎ 现在她在一家大公司担任销售经理的职务。‎ ‎2．measure v．测定；测量；评估；有……长(或宽、高等) n．尺寸；措施；方法；计量单位 What does the Human Development Index measure?‎ 人类发展指数是测量什么的？‎ be measured by/in 用……来衡量 make...to one's measure 依照某人的尺寸做……‎ take measures (to do sth.) 采取措施(做某事)‎ ‎[名师指津] measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时，如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词的形式。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①Education shouldn't be measured purely by/in examination results.‎ ‎②The new bridge under construction, measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed next month.‎ ‎③In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival coming.‎ ‎(2)补全句子 Right now, the government should take_powerful_measures to push the state's economy forward.‎ 现在政府应该采取强有力的措施来推进国民经济。‎ ‎3．be/get close to 接近，靠近；即将发生 Tourism is important to both of them，and they are both close to some of the most beautiful countryside in the region.‎ 对于两个城市来说，旅游业都很重要，而且这两个城市与该地区最美丽的一些乡村近在咫尺。‎ ‎(1)close down (广播电台、电视台)停止播音，结束播放；(工厂等的)关闭；停业 close up 关闭，停歇；靠拢；(开口)闭合；靠紧 ‎(2)close v. 关闭；(使)结束 adj. (在时间、空间上)接近的；严密的；亲密的 adv. 靠近(指距离上)；不远地 closely adv. 密切地，仔细地(主要指程度或关系的紧密)‎ closed adj. 关闭的，封闭的；不向公众开放的 ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①The two countries are close to signing (sign) a peace agreement.‎ ‎②The general ordered his soldiers to close up to him.‎ ‎③If the firms failed to make enough money, they would close down.‎ ‎④The kids seated themselves close to the teacher and listened closely with great interest.(close)‎ ‎(2)补全句子 It is recommended that children should be offered chances to be_close_to_nature.‎ 建议给孩子们提供接近大自然的机会。‎ ‎4．make efforts 努力 The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.‎ 报告显示：我们正在进步，但是我们必须做出更大的努力。‎ ‎(1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth. (尽一切)努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 ‎(2)with effort 努力地 without effort 毫不费力地；容易地 ‎[联想发散] “尽一切努力做某事”的表达法还有：try/do one's best to do sth.；do all that sb. can to do sth.；do what sb. can to do sth.‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①More efforts, as reported, will_be_made (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.‎ ‎②Food safety is very important, so the government spares no effort to_prevent (prevent) food pollution.‎ ‎③The little boat rolled down the river without effort with the wind behind her.‎ ‎(2)词汇升级 Dreams in our heart will come true one day as long as we insist and keep trying our best.‎ Dreams in our heart will come true one day as long as we insist and keep making_great_efforts.‎ 重点词汇点拨 ‎1．figure n．数字；图形；雕像；人物；身材；画像；(隐约可见的)人影v.计算；认为 写出下列句中figure的含义 ‎①As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.人物 ‎②The figure of the death in the mine will be published tomorrow.数字 ‎③How does Mary manage to keep her figure when she eats so much？身材 ‎④Glancing round, he caught sight of a dark figure in the shadows.人影 ‎⑤I figured that he was drunk and shouldn't be allowed to drink more.‎ 认为 ‎2．up to直到；达到；到……为止；忙于；胜任；由……决定 ‎(1)写出下列句中up to的含义 ‎①Don't worry. He is up to the job you offered him.胜任 ‎②If you advertise your goods in a dishonest way, you will be fined up to 50,000 yuan.达到 ‎③When and where the meeting is to be held is up to our headmaster.由……决定 ‎(2)单句语法填空 ‎①Life just gives us time and space. It's up to us to_fill (fill) it.‎ ‎②—What shall we do this weekend?‎ ‎—It's up to you. Whatever you want.‎ ‎3．写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ‎①These volcanoes are so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera.巨大的 ‎②In a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard.智能的 ‎③With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.家庭的；日常的 ‎④Javed Khan, of children's charity Barnardo's, said，“It's vital that new compulsory age appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media.慈善团体 ‎⑤The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.收入 典型句式精析 本句中while作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”；while还可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”；引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然；只要”。‎ ‎[名师指津] 作“然而”解时，while不能放在句子前面。 while和but有所不同，while用于对比，but表示转折；当句子的主语相同时应用but，不用while表示转折。‎ ‎(1)单句语法填空 ‎①It is said that body language accounts for 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.‎ ‎②While the students came from different countries，they got along quite well in the summer camp.‎ ‎(2)句式升级 Travelling can broaden your mind，but it's not a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.‎ ‎→While_travelling_can_broaden_your_mind，it's not a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.(while引导让步状语从句)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The government will take measures (措施) to help college graduates to find jobs in 2019.‎ ‎2．One of her goals (目标) is to get the first place in the coming examination.‎ ‎3．He had to get off the ship and into some faster transport (交通工具) as soon as possible.‎ ‎4．Since the government took some measures, the polluted (污染) river has been becoming cleaner and cleaner.‎ ‎5．Unfortunately (不幸的是)，all the passengers on board were killed because of the air crash.‎ ‎6．It's widely believed that the world will serve as a bridge for cultural exchanges (交流)between the countries.‎ ‎7．The bus was so crowded (拥挤的) that I had to stand all the way to school.‎ ‎8．You could find out many similarities (相似) between the twin brothers.‎ ‎9．How often do you find yourself in the same position (位置) as the lion?‎ ‎10．The houses are designed for those families on low incomes (收入)．‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Food waste is a major problem worldwide.In the US alone, up to 40 percent of food goes uneaten.‎ ‎2．The new supermarket was once close to closing (close) down.But since the underground was opened, business has been picking up.‎ ‎3．In my opinion, while/although/though we are confident in ourselves, we should recognize strengths in others and show respect for them.‎ ‎4．Instead of sharing information that's far too difficult to understand, he figures out what your problems are and finds out a way to fix them.‎ ‎5．Parents should pay more attention to the mental development (develop) of their children.‎ ‎6．Many lakes and rivers are not clean since they have been polluted (pollute) by a lot of waste.‎ ‎7．In my opinion, the film last night is not just an entertainment (entertain). It's a film with a message.‎ ‎8．His super hybrid rice has helped many people get rid of hunger (hungry)．‎ ‎9．Some industrial (industry) waste is harmful to our environment, so ‎ we shouldn't throw it away everywhere.‎ ‎10．This machine is very easy to_operate (operate). Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．We must make every effort turn our dreams into reality.effort后加to ‎2．What is known to all is that effective measure should be taken to deal with the problem of the overexploitation of our resources.measure→measures ‎3．In the early morning all of us stood at top of the mountain to the east of the city, watching a burning sun rising.at后加the ‎4．This company has launched several types of cars this year, and one on particular appeals to the young.on→in ‎5．Make good use of learning resources such as the website and library, and you will make great progresses.progresses→progress ‎6．Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so closely to the burning vehicle！closely→close ‎7．On the development of society，more and more families own their private cars.On→With ‎8．It is easy to find many similarity between the two cities situated on the coast.similarity→similarities ‎9．In terms of our future development，learning English is great importance to us.is后加of ‎10．As a result，it is totally up to you to decide that whether we accept the invitation or not.去掉that Ⅳ.语段填词 ‎1．In order to receive good education,_she was admitted into a famous school which is in the south of China to be educated. (educate)‎ ‎2．In terms of style, the two pictures are similar and it's easy to find many similarities between them. But on the other hand, you can similarly ‎ find some differences. (similar)‎ ‎3．It's unfortunate to be lost in a forest situated in a foreign country. Even unfortunately,_we couldn't find anyone to help us. Faced with difficulties, we tried our fortune to find a map. Fortunately we arrived home before dark. So we were also very fortunate. (fortunate)‎ ‎4．With the development of economy, people's lives are becoming better and better. However, China, as a developing country, is different from America, which is a developed one. (develop)‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．你们应该采取有效措施改善你们工人的工作环境。(measure)‎ You should take_effective_measures to improve your workers' working conditions.‎ ‎2．正如这份报告中表明的那样，青少年问题常常与家庭生活和教育有关。(be connected with)‎ As is shown in the report, teenager problems are_often_connected_with_family_life_and_education.‎ ‎3．这兄弟俩很不同。一个喜欢读书，而另一个酷爱运动。(while)‎ The two brothers are very different. One likes reading，while_the_other_is_crazy_about_sports.‎ ‎4．交通问题已经严重影响了经济的发展，因此，我们必须努力解决这个问题。(make efforts)‎ The traffic problems have severely affected economic development, so we must make_efforts_to_solve_them.‎ ‎5．生活就像一个杯子，而它是“杯具”还是“洗具”，由你自己决定。(up to)‎ Life is like a cup, but it's_up_to_you_to_decide whether it's a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup.‎ Ⅵ.微写作 假如你是中学生李华，请你给英国朋友彼得写信介绍一下同学李明的情况。要点如下：‎ ‎1．李明生活在一个贫困线以下的家庭，甚至没有按照他的尺寸所做的新衣服，而且直到十岁才上学；‎ ‎2．他在高中不在乎吃穿，反而认为书籍才是有用的；‎ ‎3．他努力学习，上学期他的考试成绩位居榜首。他相信依靠勤奋他就能考入重点大学。‎ 注意：1.请根据以上要点写一篇100词左右的短文；‎ ‎2．尽量使用本模块的知识点；‎ ‎3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear_Peter，‎ I'd like to tell you something about my friend, Li Ming.‎ Living in a family below the poverty line, Li Ming couldn't get some new clothes made to his own measure, and went to school up to the age of ten. He isn't particular about food and clothes in senior high. He figures that books are of great value. Last term he was at the top of the exam list by making efforts. Figuring on diligence, he believes that he will be admitted into a key university.‎ Could you please share your friends's story with me?‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua Ⅶ.课文语法填空 One of the most important __1__ (section) of the Human ‎ Development Report is the Human Development Index，which __2__ ‎ ‎(measure) a country's achievements __3__ three ways: life expectancy，education and income.The UK is in the thirteenth position __4__ China is ‎ in the middle of the list.‎ This report gives examples of __5__ (success) development.For ‎ example，in the last ten years in China,150 million people moved out of __6__ (poor). __7__， the challenges are still great.Although most of the ‎ children in __8__ (develop) countries go to primary school，about 115 million children are still not __9__ (educate). The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make __10__ (great) efforts.‎ ‎1．sections　2.measures　3.in　4.while　5.successful ‎6．poverty　7.However　8.developing　9.being_educated ‎10．greater 学习至此，请完成课时作业14‎