高考英语二轮复习专题04阅读理解Ⅱ：细节理解题练含解析 23页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 专题 4 阅读理解Ⅱ：细节理解题 1.[2016·全国卷Ⅰ] B Grandparents answer a call As a thirdgeneration native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama's motherinlaw, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by grandparents.com, 83 per cent of the people said Mrs Robinson's decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Twothirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family. “In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own，” says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when you're raising children.” Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder. 25. Why was Garza's move a success? A．It strengthened her family ties. B．It improved her living conditions. C．It enabled her make more friends. D．It helped her know more new places. 26. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs Robinson's decision? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 A．17% expressed their support for it. B．Few people responded sympathetically. C．83% believed it had a bad influence. D．The majority thought it was a trend. 27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s? A．They were unsure of themselves. B．They were eager to raise more children. C．They wanted to live away from their parents. D．They had little respect for their grandparents. 26．D 细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Twothirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family.”可知，很多人会受 Marian Robinson 的影响，所以这会形成一种潮流。故选 D。 27．C 细节理解题。根据第三段首句“‘In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own，’says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents.”可知，在 60 年代人们都希望离开家，以此来证明 自己的独立。故选 C。 2. [2016·全国卷Ⅰ] A You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams(1860—1935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 Rachel Carson(1907—1964) If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O'Connor(1930—present) When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议 员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks(1913—2005) On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civilrights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in，” said Parks. 21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history? A．Her social work. B．Her teaching skills. C．Her efforts to win a prize. D．Her community background. 22. What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm? A．Her lack of proper training in law. B．Her little work experience in court. C．The discrimination against women. D．The poor financial conditions. 23. Who made a great contribution to the civilrights movement in the US? A．Jane Addams. B．Rachel Carson. C．Sandra Day O'Connor. D．Rosa Parks. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 22．C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“…she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.”可知，她因为是女性而被法律公司拒绝录用。故选 C。 23．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“…and kicked off the civilrights movement.”可知， Rosa Parks 为民权运动做出了贡献。故选 D。 3.[2016·全国卷Ⅱ] A What's on? Electric__Underground 7：30 pm—1：00 am Free at the Cyclops Theatre Do you know who's playing in your area? We're bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同)? If so, come early to the talk at 7：30 pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music. Gee__Whizz 8：30 pm—10：30 pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He's the funniest standup comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7：00 pm for drinks and snacks(快餐). Simon's__Workshop 5：00 pm—7：30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practises many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny. Charlotte__Stone 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 8：00 pm—11：00 pm Pizza World Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new bestselling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine. 1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced? A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz. C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering. 2. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh? A. The Cyclops Theatre. B. Kaleidoscope. C. Victoria Stage. D. Pizza World. 3. What do we know about Simon's Workshop? A. It requires membership status. B. It lasts three hours each time. C. It is run by a comedy club. D. It is held every Wednesday. 4. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs? A. 5：00 pm—7：30 pm. B. 7：30 pm—1：00 am. C. 8：00 pm—11：00 pm. D. 8：30 pm—10：30 pm. 2．B 细节理解题。根据文章的第二部分中的“He's the funniest standup comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest.”可知，他是最滑稽的喜 剧演员，因此他的演出会让不同年龄的人都感到快乐。 3．D 细节理解题。根据第三部分广告中的“5：00 pm—7：30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage”可知 Simon's Workshop 的表演是在每周三下午 5：00 至 7：30 之间进行。因此选 D。 4．C 细节理解题。根据第四部分中的“Charlotte__Stone 8：00 pm—11：00 pm Pizza World”可 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 知 Charlotte Stone 将在晚上 8：00 至 11：00 之间演唱她最受欢迎的歌曲。 4.[2016·全国卷Ⅲ] A Music Opera at Music Hall: 1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honours Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 2412742. http：//www.cityopera.com. Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 7231182 for more information. http:__//www.chamberorch.com. Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 3813300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend. http ： //www.symphony.org/home.asp. College Conservatory of Music (CCM): Performances are on the main campus(校园) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theatre. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the wellknown LaSalle Quartet, CCM's Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I．D. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 5564183. http： //www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar. Riverbend Music Theatre: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theatre with the closest seats under cover (price difference). Big name shows all summer long! Phone ： 2326220. http ： //www.riverbendmusic.com. 1. Which number should you call if you want to see an opera? A. 2412742. B. 7231182. C. 3813300. D. 2326220. 2. When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra? A. February. B. May. C. August. D. November. 3. Where can students go for free performances with their I．D. cards? A. Music Hall. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 B. Memorial Hall. C. Patricia Cobbett Theatre. D. Riverbend Music Theatre. 4. How is Riverbend Music Theatre different from the other places? A. It has seats in the open air. B. It gives shows all year round. C. It offers membership discounts. D. It presents famous musical works. 3 ． C 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 四 则 广 告 的 “Performances are on the main campus( 校 园 ) of the university…Students with I．D. cards can attend the events for free.”可知，学生凭身份证可以 免费在 Patricia Cobbett Theatre 看演出。 4．A 细节理解题。根据题干 Riverbend Music Theatre 可知信息在最后一则广告中。再根据“Large outdoor theatre with the closest seats under cover (price difference)．”可知是露天剧场，其他几家剧场 没有室外席位，因此“露天席位”是其特色。选项中的 seats in the open air 是 outdoor theatre 的同 义替换。 5.[2016·全国卷Ⅰ] C I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips—of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞) in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we've got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 I arrived at the checkin desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I'm really sorry, I've got some bad news for you—there are no fights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient—please, please, you've got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, rerouted(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. For this courier job, you're consciously aware that in that box you've got something that is potentially going to save somebody's life. 30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours? A．He cannot stay away from his job too long. B．The donor can only wait for that long. C．The operation needs that much time. D．The ice won't last any longer. 31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first? A．To London. B．To Newark. C．To Providence. D．To Washington. 6.[2016·全国卷Ⅰ] D The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs. Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority. Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 32. What does the author say about silence in conversations? A．It implies anger. B．It promotes friendship. C．It is culturespecific. D．It is contentbased. 33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought? A．The Chinese. B．The French. C．The Mexicans. D．The Russians. 34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence? A．Let it continue as the patient pleases. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 B．Break it while treating patients. C．Evaluate its harm to patients. D．Make use of its healing effects. 34．D 细节理解题。根据末段末句“A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients…”可知，作者建议护士用沉默的效果来 帮助治疗病人。故选 D 。 7.[2016·全国卷Ⅱ] D A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life. Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly firstrate photojournalism—if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship. The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back. As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott's last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honour drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 11 movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published. 13. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley? A. They were made last week. B. They showed undersea sceneries. C. They were found by a cameraman. D. They recorded a disastrous adventure. 14. Who reached the South Pole first according to the text? A. Frank Hurley. B. Ernest Shackleton. C. Robert Falcon Scott. D. Caroline Alexander. 15. What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage? A. Artistic creation. B. Scientific research. C. Money making. D. Treasure hunting. 14．C 细节理解题。结合文章第三段的最后一句话“Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.”可知，斯科特船长早在 1912 年 就到达了南极。 15．C 细节理解题。根据文章中的“…started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.”可知，在 1914 年进行的这次航行主要是为了赚钱。 8.[2016·全国卷Ⅲ] B On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table. “Hey, aren't you from Mississippi？” the elegant, whitehaired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “I'm from Mississippi too.” 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 12 Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair. “They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said. “I didn't know what my New York friends were thinking.” Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty's new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚). “My friend said: ‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them．’” Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation. “I don't make them up，” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I don't have to.” Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty's people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss, from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片断) of a particularly interesting story. 5. What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe? A. Two strangers joined her. B. Her childhood friends came in. C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner. D. Some people held a party there. 7. What can we learn about the characters in Welty's fiction? A. They live in big cities. B. They are mostly women. C. They come from real life. D. They are pleasure seekers. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 13 9.[2015·全国卷Ⅰ] A Monthly talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book. They end around 21：00. November_7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”． December_5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew. February_6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play. March_6th Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest. Online bookings：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book More info：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson London Canal Museum 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 14 1213 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT www.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi Tel：020 7713 0836 21．When is the talk on James Brindley? A．February 6th. B．March 6th. C．November 7th. D．December 5th. 22. What is the topic of the talk in February? A．The Canal Pioneers. B．Ice for the Metropolis. C．Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands. D．An Update on the Cotswold Canals. 23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames? A．Miranda Vickers. B．Malcolm Tucker. C．Chris Lewis. D．Liz Payne. 10.[2015·全国卷Ⅰ] B The freezing northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 15 “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素 C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part—particularly to my taste, dulled by months of coldweather root vegetables—was a 7 am adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call. The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries; the redpainted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes. Disappointed by many a broken, vineripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal—and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn't be experiencing again for months. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it. 24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York? A．Exciting. B．Boring. C．Relaxing. D．Annoying. 25. What made the author's getting up early worthwhile? A．Having a swim. B．Breathing in fresh air. C．Walking in the morning sun. D．Visiting a local farmers' market. 27. What was the author going to do that evening? A．Go to a farm. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 16 B．Check into a hotel. C．Eat in a restaurant. D．Buy fresh vegetables. 25．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，作者认为早上 7 点到当地的农产品市场是有意义的。 故选 D。 27．C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“…a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night.”可知，作者那 天晚上计划在餐馆吃饭。故选 C。 11.[2015·全国卷Ⅰ] C Salvador Dali (1904—1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities. The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain. The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museumtheatre in Figueras，” explains the Pompidou Centre. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 17 The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida. 28. Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1? A．Optimistic. B．Productive. C．Generous. D．Traditional. 29. What is Dali's The Persistence of Memory considered to be? A．One of his masterworks. B．A successful screen adaptation. C．An artistic creation for the stage. D．One of the best TV programmes. 30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali? A．By popularity. B．By importance. C．By size and shape. D．By time and subject. 29．A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.”可知 The Persistence of Memory 是他的杰作之一。故选 A。 30．D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.”可知，展品是根据时间和主题安排的。故选 D。 12.[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] B Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 18 for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan. Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious(难为情)when they're in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn't have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness. Mind the colours. Research suggests warm colours fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 per cent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colours like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colours make us feel less hungry. So when it's time to repaint, go blue. Don't forget the clock—or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you're at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal. Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 per cent more when using a 12inch plate instead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 per cent. And we'll pour about 30 per cent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass. 25．The text is especially helpful for those who care about________． A．their home comforts B．their body shape C．house buying D．healthy diets 26．A home environment in blue can help people________． A．digest food better B．reduce food intake C．burn more calories D．regain their appetites 27．What are people advised to do at mealtimes? A．Eat quickly. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 19 B．Play fast music. C．Use smaller spoons. D．Turn down the lights. 26. B 细节理解题。根据文章的第三段中的“…people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 per cent less than those in a yellow or red room.”可知，在蓝色的屋子里吃饭，要比在黄色或者红色的 屋子里少吃 33%的食物。因此 B 项 “减少食物摄入量”的说法是正确的。 27. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段 “When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(摄 入) jumps by 14 per cent.”可知，进餐时选择大的汤匙要比小的汤匙多吃 14%的食物，因此建议使用小 的汤匙。 13.[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] C More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university.It used to be called the “year off” between school and university.The gapyear phenomenon originated(起 源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year. This year, 25，310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS)． That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，” he said. But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship—young people are being forced into 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 20 earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15，000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods，” he said. 29. What do we learn about the gap year from the text? A．It is flexible in length. B．It is a time for relaxation. C．It is increasingly popular. D．It is required by universities. 30. According to Tony Higgins，students taking a gap year________． A．are better prepared for college studies B．know a lot more about their future jobs C．are more likely to leave university in debt D．have a better chance to enter top universities 32. What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics? A．Attend additional courses. B．Make plans for the new term. C．Earn money for their education. D．Prepare for their graduate studies. 30. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Students who take a wellplanned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course.”可知采取“间隔年”的学生们对于所选择的 课程更加满意，更有可能完成这些课程，故 A 项正确。 32. C 细节理解题。根据最后一段的 “NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods…” 可知 C 项正确。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 21 14.[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] D Choose your oneday tours! Tour A—Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge— ￡ 37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2，000 years of history and Bath Abbey，the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum.Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5， 000 years. Tour B—Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house— ￡ 32 until 12 March and ￡ 36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶)” from St Mary's Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder. Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace—￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Ⅷ's favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost! Tour D—Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great—￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century. 33．Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city? A．Tour A. B．Tour B. C．Tour C. D．Tour D. 34．Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 22 A．Windsor Castle & Hampton Court. B．Oxford & Stratford. C．Bath &Stonehenge. D．Cambridge. 35．Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction? A．It used to be the home of royal families. B．It used to be a wellknown maze. C．It is the oldest palace in Britain. D．It is a worldfamous castle. 34. D 细节理解题。题目中的核心信息是 3 月 17 日费用最少的线路，对比四个旅游景点在 3 月 17 日的收 费：Tour A: ￡37; Tour B: ￡36; Tour C: ￡37; Tour D: ￡33，由此可知 Tour D 收费最低，故选 D。 35. A 细节理解题。根据 Tour C 中的“Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.”可知，汉普顿宫曾经是四个国王和一个王后的宫殿，因此成了主要的旅游景点。故 A 项正确。 15.【2014 全国卷 I，A】 The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge! The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th. Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 23 Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served. Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.org. 【小题 1】 Who can take in the Curiosity Challenge? A. School students. B. Cambridge locals. C. CSF winners. D. MIT artists. 【小题 2】 When will the prize-giving ceremony be held? A. On February 8th. B. On March 10th C. On March 15th.. D. On April 21st. 【答案】 【小题 1】A 【小题 2】D 【 小 题 2 】 D 考 查 细 节 理 解 。 颁 奖 仪 式 什 么 时 间 举 行 ？ 根 据 Students who enter the Cambridge Challenge