2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Amazingpeople学案牛津译林版必修2 34页

Unit 3 Amazing people 一、语基必备知识 ‎(一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意 ‎1．preserve vt． 保存，保护，保持 ‎2．swallow vt.& vi. 吞下，吞咽 ‎3．companion n. 伴侣；陪伴 ‎4．status n. 地位，身份 ‎5．superior n. 上级，上司 adj. 更好的，更高的 ‎6．coincidence n. 巧合，碰巧 ‎7．signal n. 信号 ‎ vi.& vt. 发信号；表明 ‎8．murder vt.& n. 谋杀 ‎9．survival n. 幸存，存活 Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．content n. 内容 ‎2．disturb vt. 打扰，扰乱 ‎3．desire n. 愿望，欲望，渴望 vt. 渴望，期望 ‎4．whichever pron. 无论哪个；无论哪些 ‎5．punishment n. 惩罚 ‎6．various adj. 各种各样的 ‎7．apply vi. 申请 vt. 使用，应用 ‎8．outgoing adj. 爱交际的；友好的；外向的 ‎9．optimistic adj. 乐观的，抱乐观看法的 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 34‎ ‎1．curious adj. 好奇的，求知欲强的→curiosity n. 好奇→curiously adv.好奇地 ‎2．fortune n. 大笔的钱，财富；运气→fortunately adv.幸运地→fortunate adj.幸运的 ‎3．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家 ‎4．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸 ‎5．inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞→inspired adj.受到启发的→inspiring adj.令人振奋的→inspiration n．灵感；激励 ‎6．organization n．组织；机构→organize v．组织→organizer n．组织者 ‎7．devotion n．奉献；忠诚；专心→devote→ vt.献出，付出；专心于→devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的 ‎8．requirement n．要求，规定→require v．需要；要求 ‎9．connection n．联系，关联→connect v．联系，连接→connected adj.相连的，相关的 ‎10．death n．死亡→dead adj.死的，已故的→die vi.死亡→dying adj.垂死的 ‎11．explorer n．探险家；勘探者→explore vt.探测；勘探→exploration n．探测 ‎12．discourage vt.使灰心；劝阻→courage n．勇气→encourage v．鼓励→encouragement n．鼓励 ‎1.“性格”表达万花筒 ‎①outgoing　 爱交际的；友好的；外向的 ‎②optimistic 乐观的，抱乐观 看法的 ‎③pessimistic 悲观的 ‎④easygoing 随和的 ‎⑤gentle 温和的 ‎⑥stubborn 固执的 ‎2.单复数意义不同 ‎①content内容→contents目录 ‎②art艺术→arts文科 ‎③arm手臂→arms武器 ‎④brain脑袋→brains脑力 ‎⑤custom风俗→customs海关 ‎⑥paper纸→papers文件 ‎⑦work工作→works作品 ‎⑧force力量→forces军队 ‎3.“各种各样的”小结 ‎①various ②different ‎③(all) sorts of ④(all) kinds of ‎⑤a variety of ⑥varieties of ‎4．“打扰，麻烦”表达法 ‎①disturb 打扰，扰乱 ‎②trouble 麻烦，使烦恼 ‎③bother 烦扰，打扰 ‎④interrupt 打扰，打断 34‎ ‎(二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．be_curious_about 对……感到好奇 ‎2．set_sail 启航 ‎3．search_for 搜寻 ‎4．along_with 与……一起 ‎5．be_known_as 作为……而出名 ‎6．come_across (偶然)遇见；发现 ‎7．as_well_as 也，以及，和 ‎8．die_of 死于……‎ ‎9．in_connection_with 关于，与……有关 ‎10．result_in 导致，结果是……‎ ‎11．pay_off 带来好结果；得到回报 ‎12．star_in 在……担任主角，主演 ‎13．get_in_touch_with 与……取得联系 ‎14．come_into_use 开始使用 ‎15．be_fit_for 适合于 ‎16．be_in_control_(of_sth.) 掌管，控制(某物)‎ ‎17．look_up_to 敬佩 ‎18．of_all_time 有史以来 ‎1.“as...as”短语集锦 ‎①as well as　也，以及，和 ‎②as far as 至于；远至 ‎③as long as 只要 ‎④as soon as 一……就……‎ ‎⑤as much as 和……差不多 ‎2.“be known＋prep.”短语小结 ‎①be known as　 作为……而出名 ‎②be known for 因……而闻名 ‎③be known to 为……熟知 ‎④be known by 被……所知 ‎3.“导致”短语聚会 ‎①result in 导致，结果是……‎ ‎②lead to 导致，造成 ‎③contribute to 促成，有助于 ‎④bring about 导致，引起 ‎(三)重点句式——背熟巧用 34‎ 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：“by＋时间名词”作时间状语 By_the_1920s，he had_become an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.‎ 到了20世纪20年代，他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。‎ 句型2：状语从句的省略 If_breathed_in,_they can result in illness or even death.‎ 如果这些病毒被人体吸入，将可能导致疾病甚至死亡。‎ 句型3：强调句型 Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it_was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.‎ 虽然杨(利伟)并非每项测试都得到了最高分，但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 ‎1．Lighthearted and optimistic(乐观的), she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.‎ ‎2．The disturbing(令人不安的) problem drew the attention of the government at once.‎ ‎3．(2019·天津卷)However，technology is also the application(应用) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.‎ ‎4．(2018·江苏卷)It may influence consumers’ trust in media and disturb(打扰；妨碍) the market order.‎ ‎5．(2018·浙江卷6月)Many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require(需要) more energy to produce and transport.‎ ‎6．Protective measures are necessary if the city’s monuments are to be preserved(preserve)．‎ ‎7．Students soon get discouraged(discourage) if you criticize them too often.‎ 34‎ ‎8．Many experts thought that there is a definite connection(connect) between citizens’ heart problems and their ways of life.‎ ‎9．(2018·天津卷)The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired(inspire) scientists to explore the outer space.‎ ‎10．She signalled(signal) to the other girls that everything was all right.‎ Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Listening to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts. It gave us not only hope but also inspiration．(inspire)‎ ‎2．He wanted to have an organization set up to help those in need, whose organizers could make its work well organized．(organize)‎ ‎3．Fortunately,_I won the award. It was without doubt a small fortune to me.(fortune)‎ ‎4．He devoted his life to his work, and his devotion to his work is admired by everyone, including some of his devoted friends.(devote)‎ Ⅲ.选词成篇 look up to; in control of; come across; dream of; result in Li Qiang was 1.dreaming_of becoming an astronaut some day. The strong desire inspired him to devote himself to learning scientific knowledge. Although he had 2.come_across various difficulties, he was never discouraged. He was not only optimistic about his future but also always 3.in_control_of himself. It was his excellent qualities that 4.resulted_in his success. Nowadays, the young 5.look_up_to him.‎ get in touch with; be fit for; search for; thanks to; be curious about He 6.has_been_curious_about Tibet since he was a boy. In order to go on an adventure to Tibet, he took exercise every day and 7.searched_for all the useful information online about Tibet. 8.Thanks_to his persistence and hard work, after half a year’s preparation, he thought he 9.was_fit_for the trip and 10.got_in_touch_with an explorers’ club.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．到上个周末，我们已经学完了五个单元。‎ 34‎ By_the_end_of_last_week,_we had finished learning five units.‎ ‎2．这些花如果不能每天浇水就会死去。‎ The flowers will die unless_watered every day.‎ ‎3．(重庆卷)珍贵的是我们在礼物上花费的时间和精力，而非我们所花的钱。‎ It_is_the_time_and_energy_we_spend_on_the_present_that makes it valuable rather than the money we pay.‎ ‎ curious　adj.好奇的；稀奇古怪的 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①People gathered round，curious to_know(know) what was happening. ‎ ‎②They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity(curious) about scientific discoveries.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③中国的传统文化有可能会是一个更好的选择，因为美国学生对中国的传统文化感到好奇。‎ The traditional Chinese culture is likely to be a better choice because American students are_curious_about_traditional_Chinese_culture．‎ ‎ ‎(1)be curious about 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 ‎(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 with curiosity 好奇地 out of curiosity 出于好奇　 ‎ ‎(3)curiously adv. 好奇地 ‎[佳句背诵] I heard a curious noise coming from upstairs, which made me very worried.‎ 我听到楼上传来一个奇怪的声音，这让我非常紧张。‎ 34‎ ‎ fortune　n．运气；命运；财富 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①I had the good fortune to_be_chosen(choose) for a trip abroad.‎ ‎②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Fortunately(fortune), after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner.‎ ‎[能力提升]——根据提示完成小片段 In the 1980s, Tom went to the south ③to_try_his_fortune(碰运气)．But he ④made_no_fortune(没有发财)．⑤It_was_fortunate(幸运的是) that he met with a boss who fed pigs. With his help, Tom ⑥made_his_fortune(发财) later by feeding pigs.‎ ‎ ‎(1)make a fortune 发财 seek one’s fortune 寻找出路 try one’s fortune 碰运气 ‎(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的，运气好的 be fortunate in doing/to do sth.‎ ‎ 有幸做某事 ‎(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地　 ‎ ‎[名师点津] fortune作“机会，运气”讲时，为不可数名词；作“财产”讲时，为可数名词。‎ ‎ content　adj.满足的；满意的　n．满足；内容；包含物　vt.使满足 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①My parents are content to_live(live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.‎ ‎②We should never content ourselves with the knowledge learned from the books.‎ ‎③She dropped her purse and the contents(content) fell out on the floor.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 依我看来，你一定不会满足于这么小的成就。‎ ‎④From my point of view, you must not be_pleased_with_such_a_small_success．‎ 34‎ ‎⑤In my view, you must not be_content_with_such_a_small_success．‎ ‎⑥As far as I’m concerned, you must not be_satisfied_with_such_a_small_success．‎ ‎ ‎(1)be content to do sth. 乐于做某事 feel/be content with 对……满足/满意 ‎(2)content oneself with 某人满足于　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.‎ 在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到更加的满足。‎ ‎[联想发散] “对……满意”的常用短语小结：‎ ‎①be content with；‎ ‎②be pleased with；‎ ‎③be satisfied with；‎ ‎④be happy with.‎ ‎ disturb　vt.打扰，扰乱；使(某人)烦恼或不安 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①The news about the children is really disturbing,_which makes the waiting parents feel more disturbed．(disturb)‎ ‎②Before closing the door to his office, he told his secretary that he did not want to be disturbed(disturb)．‎ ‎③I am not accustomed to being disturbed(disturb) when studying or working, so people remember this and don’t do it again.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④她轻轻地开门，以免惊扰了睡着的孩子。‎ She opened the door quietly so_as_not_to_disturb_the_sleeping_child．‎ ‎ ‎(1)It disturbs sb.to do sth.‎ ‎　 做某事使某人不安。‎ 34‎ be disturbed by 为……感到不安；被……打扰 ‎(2)disturbed adj. 感到不安的；心理不正常的；烦恼的，心烦意乱的 disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起烦恼的 ‎　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Many students going to the ward would not only waste much time but also make a lot of noise，which could disturb both the students and other patients.　许多学生去病房不仅浪费时间而且发出很大的噪音，这样会打扰学生和其他病人的。‎ ‎ requirement　n．需要；要求；必要条件 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·浙江卷6月)I hold the firm belief that I am competent to meet your requirement(require)．‎ ‎②It is required that the composition (should)_be_related(relate) to the students’ life.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 所有学生都要在早上7点在校门口集合，然后步行去公园。‎ ‎③All the students are_required_to_gather_at_the_school_gate at 7：00 am and then go to the park on foot.(require vt.)‎ ‎④The_requirement_is_that_all_the_students_should_gather at the school gate at 7：00 am and then go to the park on foot.(requirement n．)‎ ‎ ‎(1)meet/satisfy one’s requirement 达到/满足某人的要求 ‎(2)require vt. 需要；需求 require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 require that...(should) do sth. 要求……‎ ‎[佳句背诵] If you want to apply for membership, you are required to fill in the application form and send an email to pingpong@123.com. 　如果您想申请成为会员，您需要填写申请表并发送电子邮件到pingpong@123.com。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ 34‎ ‎ inspire　vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①The audience was carried away by his inspiring(inspire) speech.‎ ‎②Her trust in me has inspired me to_do(do) things that I never imagined possible.‎ ‎③He gave me the inspiration(inspire) to pick up my pen again.‎ ‎④Greatly inspired(inspire), Jane made up her mind to work at her lessons even harder.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎⑤西湖美景激发了许多诗人的灵感，从而创作出他们伟大的诗篇。‎ The beauty of the West Lake inspired_a_lot_of_poets_to_write their great poetry.‎ ‎ ‎(1)inspire sb.to do sth.　 激励某人做某事 inspire sb.with sth./sth.in sb.‎ ‎ 激起某人的某种情感 be inspired by 受……激励 ‎(2)inspiring adj. 令人鼓舞的 inspiration n. 灵感；令人鼓舞 ‎ 的人或事情 ‎[佳句背诵] His success inspired many young people with confidence to make their dream a reality.‎ 他的成功激发了很多年轻人实现梦想的信心。‎ ‎ desire　n．渴望；欲望；渴求　vt.希望得到；想要 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①This photo reminds us that we all appreciate beauty and that we all share a common desire for pleasure.‎ ‎②We desire that immediate help (should)_be_given(give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 34‎ ‎(2018·北京卷)既然你渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言大学是你的理想去处。‎ ‎③Now_that_you_have_a_desire_to_learn_Chinese_culture,_I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.(desire n．)‎ ‎④Since_you_desire_to_learn_Chinese_culture,_I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.(desire vt.)‎ ‎ ‎(1)have a (strong) desire to do sth.‎ ‎ (迫切)想要做某事 have a (strong) desire for sth.‎ ‎ (强烈)渴望得到某物 ‎(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 desire that...(should) do sth.‎ ‎ 想要……做某事 ‎[佳句背诵] Learning that you have shown great talent in designing robots, here I desire to invite you to join.　得知你在设计机器人方面颇有天赋，我很想邀请你前来参加。(2018·天津卷)‎ ‎[名师点津] desire不用于进行时态；接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。‎ ‎ apply　vi.申请；适用；请求；专心于　vt.申请；应用 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①a.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Knowing an exhibition of Chinese painting will be held at the gallery next month, I am writing to apply for the chance to become a volunteer.‎ b．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and, eventually, to our lives.‎ ‎②a.(福建卷)To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants(apply) to attend the opening ceremony.‎ b．Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application(apply)．‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 34‎ ‎③(普通表达)If you apply_yourself_to(专心于) your study, you’ll make more progress.‎ ‎④(高级表达)Applying_yourself_to_your_study,_you’ll make more progress. (现在分词短语作状语)‎ ‎(1)apply (to sb.) for sth.(向某人) 申请某事 apply...to... 把……应用于……‎ apply to sb./sth. 适用于/运用于某人/某物 apply oneself to (doing) sth.‎ ‎ 集中精力(做)某事， 专注于(做)某事　 ‎ ‎(2)application n． 请求；申请；申请表；应用 applicant n. 申请人 ‎[词块助记] apply for a job/passport/visa ‎ 申请工作/护照/签证 apply the emergency brakes 使用紧急刹车 apply one’s energies into/to a job ‎ 致力于一项工作 ‎ come across　(偶然)遇见；发现；被理解 ‎[基础练习]——用come的相关短语填空 ‎①His most recent book came_out last year, which made him delighted.‎ ‎②A recent study has come_up_with an unexpected conclusion that the African elephant should be divided into two different species.‎ ‎③Would you like to come_along_with us to see the film tonight?‎ ‎④If you come_across faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 在去博物馆的路上，我碰巧遇到了我的一位老师。‎ ‎⑤On my way to the museum, I came_across_one_of_my_teachers．‎ ‎⑥On my way to the museum, I met_one_of_my_teachers_by_chance．‎ 34‎ come about 发生；产生 come along with 随同 come out 出版；出来；出现；结果是 come to 总计；达到 come to oneself 苏醒，恢复知觉 come true 实现 come up 走近；上来；发芽；即将发生；‎ ‎ 被提出；(太阳、月亮等)上升 come up with 想出；提出 when it comes to... 当谈到……时　 ‎ ‎[联想发散] 表示“偶然遇到”的短语还有①run_across；②meet_with；③happen_to_meet；④meet...by_chance/accident．‎ ‎ result in　导致 ‎[基础练习]——对比填空(result in；result from；as a result；as a result of)‎ ‎①There is more and more noise pollution. As_a_result,_many species are dying out.‎ ‎②As_a_result_of more and more noise pollution, many species are dying out.‎ ‎③More and more noise pollution has resulted_in many species dying out.‎ ‎④The fact that many species are dying out results_from more and more noise pollution.‎ ‎ ‎(1)result from 由……造成；因……而产生 ‎(2)as a result 结果 as a result of 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] As a result, in order to enrich my social experience, I decided to apply for the job.　结果，为了丰富我的社会经验，我决定申请这份工作。‎ ‎[名师点津] (1)result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”；‎ 34‎ ‎(2)result from的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”；‎ ‎(3)表示“导致”的词语还有cause, lead to, contribute to等。‎ ‎ pay off　得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎[基础练习]——用pay的相关短语填空 ‎①(2017·天津卷)Will you please pay_a_visit_to Tianjin again so that we may meet again?‎ ‎②I’d also like to know how much I have to pay_for_the course and whether accommodation is included.‎ ‎③As for speaking Mandarin, it’s better to pay_attention_to_the pronunciation.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④正如谚语所说，“有志者事竟成。”我们的努力早晚会得到回报。‎ As a proverb goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”Our_efforts_will_pay_off_sooner_or_later.‎ pay back 偿还(欠款)；报复；回报 pay for sth. 付某物的钱；为某事/物付出 ‎ 代价 pay sb.for sth. 因某事/物给某人报酬 pay a visit to 参观；拜访 pay attention to 注意；留心 ‎[佳句背诵] What made him happy was that after all these years he at last paid off all his debts.‎ 使他高兴的是几年之后他终于还清了所有的债务。‎ ‎ “by＋时间名词”作时间状语 ‎(教材P42)By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. 到了20世纪20年代，他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。‎ 34‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Tom is planning to buy a car.By next month, he will_have_saved (save) enough money for a used one.‎ ‎②It was raining hard, but by the time the class was over, the rain had_stopped(stop)．‎ ‎③I will_have_completed(complete) all of the readings by the end of this term if my plan goes well.‎ 句中By the 1920s意为“到了20世纪20年代”。“by＋时间名词”，常在句中作时间状语。“by＋时间”作状语，句子时态如下：‎ ‎(1)“by＋过去时间”，主句常用过去完成时；‎ ‎(2)“by＋将来时间”，主句常用将来完成时。　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] By the time I received his letter, he had left Shanghai.‎ 当我收到他的来信时，他已经离开上海了。‎ ‎ 强调句型 ‎(教材P58)Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.‎ 虽然杨(利伟)并非每项测试都得到了最高分，但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·天津卷)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.‎ ‎②(四川卷)Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr. Smith got angry?‎ ‎③(重庆卷)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.‎ ‎[能力提升]——句式升级 ‎④(普通表达)In the newlybuilt stadium, we can participate in various physical activities.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ 34‎ ‎(高级表达)It_is_in_the_newlybuilt_stadium_that_we_can_participate_in_various_physical_activities.(强调句)‎ ‎ ‎(1)强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分。‎ ‎(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分？‎ ‎(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其余部分？‎ ‎(4)not...until...的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...　‎ ‎ [佳句背诵] It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do that makes life happy.‎ 生活的快乐不在于做自己喜欢的事，而在于喜欢自己不得不做的事。(湖南卷)‎ ‎[名师点津] 强调谓语动词时用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．The girl living in a small village desires that she (should)_be_sent(send) to work in the western area.‎ ‎2．Some suggestions were made at the meeting that these traditional customs should_be_preserved(preserve)．‎ ‎3．Students learned the practical application(apply) of the theory they had learned in the classroom.‎ ‎4．There was much curiosity(curious) about what manner of man he was.‎ ‎5．A disturbing(disturb) thought crossed my mind.‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．(2018·天津卷)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.‎ ‎2．This term several optional courses are provided，and we are free to choose whichever we are interested in.‎ ‎3．The young man was glad that his experience as a cook in the army finally paid ‎ 34‎ off．‎ ‎4．As is known to us all，failure usually results from laziness while diligence can result in success.‎ ‎5．In terms of his age and experience，he is clearly superior to all the other candidates.‎ 维度三　语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)‎ ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition.渴望 ‎2．(2019·天津卷)I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded. 鼓舞 ‎3．(2019·天津卷)A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.需要 ‎4．(2018·江苏卷)If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Momandpop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.干扰 ‎5．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.内容 ‎6．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.导致 维度四　易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)‎ ‎1．Just out curiosity, where were you last night？在out后加of ‎2．He expressed a desire that the papers would be made public.would→should ‎3．By the end of next month, they have finished their studies in America.在they后加will ‎4．Gold prices are falling sharply, which discourage investors from buying and selling gold.discourage→discourages ‎5．I found the book deeply disturbed.disturbed→disturbing 34‎ ‎6．It was at the school gate where I met an old friend of mine.where→that或删除at ‎7．You will pass your exams if you really apply you to your studies.第三个you→yourself/yourselves ‎8．They sold their house at the right time and made fortune.在fortune前加a/their 维度五　完成句子 ‎1．他们互相帮助、互相学习，结果成了好朋友。‎ They helped and learned from each other; as_a_result，they_became_good_friends．‎ ‎2．她兴冲冲地回到家里，却发现一个人也没有。‎ She came home excitedly, only_to_find nobody was in.‎ ‎3．杰克逊失业很长时间了，所以他想在这家工厂申请一份工作。‎ Jackson has been out of work for a long time, so he wants to apply_for_a_job in this factory.‎ ‎4．当我们回到家的时候，我才意识到帮助陷入困境的人是一种多么好的感觉。‎ It_was_when_we_got_home_that I realized what a good feeling it was to help someone in trouble.‎ ‎5．北京不仅是有着悠久历史的中国首都，而且是一个现代化的城市。‎ Beijing is not_only the capital of China with a long history, but_also_a_modern_city．‎ 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ One day I came across a story about an explorer and 1.was_inspired(inspire) by his devotion to his work. Now, I’ll share it with you. The contents of the story are as follows：‎ He, together with a companion, who was outgoing, 2.was(be) very curious about mummy and decided to set out for Egypt. 3.Shortly(short) after they set off, they arrived at a valley. They ignored others’ warning and wanted to walk through 34‎ ‎ it, 4.which resulted in his companion’s death. But he was not discouraged and walked on. On his way he met with 5.various(vary) difficulties and was even nearly murdered, 6.but he was still very optimistic about his future. 7.By coincidence, a scientific organization heard of his story and desired him 8.to_join(join) in. Within two years, they found several preserved mummies and their work got widespread 9.recognition(recognize)．‎ After reading it, I felt he is indeed worth 10.looking(look) up to and rarely is there any person who is superior to him.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①一些有所作为的人通过他们的思想和行动把我们的世界变得更加美好。‎ Some amazing people have made_better_changes to our world through their thoughts and actions.‎ ‎②比尔·盖茨对计算机技术产生了很大的影响。‎ Bill Gates has_had_a_great_effect_on computer technology.‎ ‎③袁隆平致力于水稻优良品种的研究和推广。‎ Yuan Longping has devoted_himself_to the research and development of a better rice breed.‎ ‎④贝多芬是有史以来最伟大的音乐家之一，他为我们创造了优美的音乐。‎ Beethoven was one of the greatest musicians of_all_time．He created wonderful music for us.‎ ‎⑤他们生活在不同的时期，国籍不同。可以肯定的一点是他们都在自己的领域为世界做出了很大的贡献。‎ They are of different times and nationalities．What_is_certain_is_that they have all made_great_achievements in their fields for the world.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑥用“定语从句＋强调句型”升级句④‎ It_was_Beethoven，who_was_one_of_the_greatest_musicians_of_all_time，that_created_wonderful_music_for_us.‎ ‎⑦用让步状语从句升级句⑤‎ 34‎ Though_they_are_of_different_times_and_nationalities,_what_is_certain_is_that_they_have_all_made_great_achievements_in_their_fields_for_the_world.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文 ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Some amazing people have made better changes to our world through their thoughts and actions.Here are some examples.Bill Gates has had a great effect on computer technology.Yuan Longping has devoted himself to the research and development of a better rice breed.It was Beethoven，who was one of the greatest musicians of all time，that created wonderful music for us.Though they are of different times and nationalities, what is certain is that they have all made great achievements in their fields for the world.‎ 课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形 阅读理解 A ‎(2020·巢湖重点中学联考)Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she’s been during her worldwide 34‎ ‎ vacation in a special way.‎ The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated(截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.‎ To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe, but instead of simply using a geotag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.‎ Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking spectacular pictures in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the wellknown locations written on her artificial leg.‎ ‎“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalkboard，” Gallagher said. “My mum and grandmother weren’t too keen on the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”‎ Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives only positive feedback. “My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I’ve wanted to do，” she said. “I don’t know if it’s my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I’ve been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life.”‎ Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。Devon Gallagher在四岁时因患骨科疾病右腿被截肢，但是这并没有影响她对梦想的追求。她到世界各地旅行，将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。她的故事告诉人们：不要让任何东西阻碍你追求梦想。‎ ‎1．What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way?‎ A．She enjoys her travelling across the globe.‎ B．She suffers little from her leg amputation.‎ C．She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.‎ 34‎ D．She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.”可知，虽然截肢在早期给Gallagher带来了挫折，但她现在认为这是对她过最好的生活的激励；并结合第三段可知，她想要传达的信息是她要将自己的不幸看作是另一种形式的幸运，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A．The Continent. B．The pictures.‎ C．The leg. D．The locations.‎ B　解析：代词指代题。根据第四段第一句中的“Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam”可知，现在，她正在欧洲大陆各地拍摄照片，照片中她骑着自行车穿过阿姆斯特丹的运河。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为pictures, which指代先行词，在从句中作主语，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．Gallagher can best be described as ________．‎ A．helpful and ambitious B．friendly and generous C．determined and creative D．independent and sensible C　解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，Devon Gallagher在四岁时因患骨科疾病右腿被截肢，但是这并没有影响她对梦想的追求；她到世界各地旅行，将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。据此可推知，Devon Gallagher既有毅力又有创造力，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A．Never Too Late to Share B．A Special Artificial Leg C．An Outstanding Photographer D．Gallagher’s Summer Holidays B　解析：标题归纳题。根据文章尾句“And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.”并结合全文其他内容可知，文章主要讲述了Devon Gallagher虽然被截肢，‎ 34‎ 但是这并没有影响她对梦想的追求，她到世界各地旅行，将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。故B项最适合作文章标题。‎ B ‎(2020·合肥第二次质检)‎ In today’s society, language plays a key role in defining gender(性别) by vocabulary, and also the nonverbal(非语言的) vocabulary. Each one of these different types of ways of communicating is obviously different between men and women.‎ Many different studies show that men tend to talk much more than women. It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men. This is due to the fact that women tend to be interrupted more often than men are, and also have the ability to speak more clearly, precisely, and more quickly than men. In one study it was found that women spoke for an average of three minutes describing a painting, as opposed to the thirteenminute average it took men to describe it.‎ Men and women also tend to have a very different nonverbal way of communicating, which can also make it very hard for one another to understand what the opposite sex is trying to say. Men’s body language is much more reserved when they are talking to women. Men tend not to make as much eye contact and they generally stay farther away from women when talking to them. Men avoid other people’s body space while talking, and they also tend to sit back when talking. All of these have given off the impression of disinterest or boredom. Women are by far better listeners and much more enjoyable to talk with and they tend to raise more topics for conversation.‎ Women also make it clearer whether or not the conversation is going somewhere or just stuck in neutral. After learning about our styles of communicating with each other, I have decided that although men have not quite mastered communicating, what fun would it be if we all spoke the same “language”？ The little games men and women play with each other while conversing would be lost. The question everyone ‎ 34‎ asks himself or herself after talking with someone of the opposite sex, “I wonder if there’s something there？” would no longer exist.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了男性和女性因性别差异而导致在沟通方式上也有所不同的现象。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The differences between men’s and women’s languages.‎ B．The different speed of men’s and women’s speech.‎ C．The ability of men’s and women’s spoken language.‎ D．The nonverbal vocabulary of men and women.‎ B　解析：代词指代题。由This承接第二段中的“It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men.”可知，此处的This指代女性比男性说话快的现象，故选B。‎ ‎6．In what way do men and women differ according to the third paragraph?‎ A．Speed of understanding.‎ B．Understanding of speech roles.‎ C．Politeness of communication.‎ D．Application of body language.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的整体内容，尤其是该段第二句“Men’s body language is much more reserved when they are talking to women.”可推知，本段主要讲的是男性和女性在非语言表达方式上的不同，即肢体语言使用上的差异，故选D。‎ ‎7．What is the author’s attitude to the differences between men’s and women’s communication?‎ A．Cautious. B．Favorable.‎ C．Ambiguous. D．Skeptical.‎ B　解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句和第三句“After learning about our styles of communicating with each other, I have decided that although men have not quite mastered communicating, what fun would it be if we all spoke the same ‘language’？ The little games men and women play with each other while conversing would be lost.”可推知，作者对男性和女性在沟通的差异性上持赞成态度，‎ 34‎ 故选B。cautious“谨慎的”；favorable“赞成的”；ambiguous“模棱两可的”；skeptical“怀疑的”。‎ ‎8．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Women, Born Excellent Talkers B．Men’s and Women’s Social Roles C．Vocabulary and Communication D．Opposite Gender, Different Language D　解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段的话题导入，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是男性和女性因性别差异而导致在沟通方式上也有所不同，故选D。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2020·贵阳普通高中监测)The happy new mother asked eagerly to see her baby. However, when she looked at his tiny face, she was __1__. The baby had been born without __2__．‎ Fortunately, time __3__ that the baby’s hearing was perfect except his ruined appearance. He grew up, __4__ if there were not his misfortune. As a favorite with his classmates, he might have been class president, __5__ the misfortune. He developed a talent for literature and music. His parents __6__hoped that he had a perfect life.‎ One day, his father spoke with the doctor, “Could __7__ be done？” “I believe I could __8__ a pair of outer ears __9__ they could be accessible.” The doctor decided. Therefore the __10__ began for a person who would make such a sacrifice.‎ Two years went by. One day, his father said to the son, “You’re going to the __11__， son. We have someone who will __12__ the ears you need. But the identity of the donor is a secret.”‎ The operation was a brilliant __13__， and a new person turned up. His talents blossomed into genius. Later, he married and entered the Diplomatic Service. One day, he asked his father, “Who gave me the ears? Who gave me so much? I could never do __14__ for him or her.” “I do not believe you could，” said the father, “but the agreement was that you are not __15__．..not yet.”‎ The secret was __16__ for years, but the day did come. He stood with his father beside his mother’s casket(棺材). Slowly, __17__， the father reached out his hand 34‎ ‎ and raised the thick, reddishbrown __18__ to find that the mother had no outer ears.‎ ‎“Mother said she was __19__ she never had her hair cut，” his father whispered, “and nobody ever thought Mother less __20__， did they？”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位母亲给有生理缺陷的儿子捐献外耳的感人故事。‎ ‎1．A.angry B．embarrassed C．shocked D．curious C　解析：根据下文中的“Fortunately, time ______ that the baby’s hearing was perfect except his ruined appearance.”可推知，这个婴儿出生时没有耳朵(ears)，初为人母的幸福的妈妈看到有缺陷的孩子时很震惊(shocked)。‎ ‎2．A.eyes B．feet C．fingers D．ears D　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎3．A.proved B．lasted C．flew D．ignored A　解析：根据该句中的“Fortunately”可推知，时间证明(proved)这个容貌有缺陷的婴儿听力是完好的，故选A。‎ ‎4．A.tall B．handsome C．short D．badlooking B　解析：根据上文中的“his ruined appearance”，并结合空后的“if there were not his misfortune”可推知，孩子要不是容貌上的缺陷应该是很帅气的(handsome)，故选B。‎ ‎5．A.with B．in spite of C．for D．but for D　解析：与上文中的“if there were not his misfortune”呼应可推知，此处表示惋惜，故选D。but for “要不是”。‎ ‎6．A.still B．hardly C．almost D．ever A　解析：根据上文可知，容貌上有缺陷的孩子很有才华，也为同学们所喜欢，在文学和音乐方面很有天赋，但是他的父母还是(still)希望他有一个完美的人生，故选A。‎ ‎7．A.somebody B．everything 34‎ C．nobody D．nothing D　解析：根据上文中的“His parents ______hoped that he had a perfect life.”可推知，此处表示他的父亲问医生难道就没有补救方法了吗？故选D。‎ ‎8．A.operate B．destroy C．transplant D．repair C　解析：根据上文并结合语境可知，男孩的父亲询问医生有没有补救方法，医生决定给他移植(transplant)一对耳朵。与下文中的“The operation was a brilliant ______， and a new person turned up.”呼应，故选C。‎ ‎9．A.if B．while C．although D．since A　解析：根据语境可推知，此处表示如果有可用的耳朵，医生可以给男孩移植一对耳朵，故选A。‎ ‎10．A.experiment B．search C．analysis D．operation B　解析：根据语境可推知，他们开始寻找能够捐献耳朵的人。故选B。‎ ‎11．A.school B．library C．hospital D．bedroom C　解析：根据下文中的“But the identity of the donor is a secret.”可推知，耳朵捐献(donate)者找到了，父亲告诉儿子可以去医院(hospital)进行移植手术了。‎ ‎12．A.donate B．repair C．make D．sell A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎13．A.failure B．success C．honor D．damage B　解析：根据空前的“brilliant”以及空后的“a new person turned up”可推知，手术非常成功。‎ ‎14．A.harm B．enough C．bad D．good B　解析：根据上文男孩问父亲的话可推知，男孩觉得自己为对方做得不够(enough)，故选B。‎ 34‎ ‎15．A.signed B．realized C．understood D．allowed D　解析：根据上文中的“But the identity of the donor is a secret.”可知，捐献人的身份是保密的；并结合下文可推知，男孩并不被允许知道是谁捐献的耳朵，故选D。‎ ‎16．A.changed B．discussed C．spread D．kept D　解析：根据该句中的“but”，并结合下文可推知，捐献者的身份多年来一直保密，但最终揭晓的这一天到来了。‎ ‎17．A.carelessly B．gently C．excitedly D．gradually B　解析：与“Slowly”呼应，并结合上文中的“his mother’s casket(棺材)”可推知，他的父亲慢慢地、轻轻地伸出手，故选B。‎ ‎18．A.skirt B．hand C．hair D．quilt C　解析：根据空后的“find that the mother had no outer ears”，并结合下文中的“Mother said she was ______ she never had her hair cut”可推知，男孩的父亲伸手去把男孩母亲的头发(hair)拢起来。‎ ‎19．A.depressed B．worried C．glad D．regretful C　解析：根据语境可推知，母亲乐意(glad)为儿子牺牲，甘愿不剪头发，故选C。‎ ‎20．A.beautiful B．ugly C．respectable D．fashionable A　解析：根据语境可推知，此处表示没有人说男孩的母亲不漂亮，故选A。‎ 课时练2　1篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇改错＋1篇书面表达 阅读理解 ‎(2020·成都高三摸底)As evolution tends to remove waste, how come we evolved such large, energyconsuming brains? The dominant hypothesis(假设) suggests that tough social interactions are the driving force. But our new study done in an unusual way shows that human brain expansion is likely driven by ecology(生态)．‎ 34‎ Scientists have tested the ecological and social hypotheses before. The common approach is to look at many species and investigate whether large brains are associated with specific problems. For example, do primates or other animals with large brains have a diet that is challenging to find but nutritionally rewarding? This would indicate an ecological origin. Or do they live in large groups where they face lots of social problems?‎ While many studies have found such associations, there is a problem. It cannot tell whether large brains evolved to solve the difficult problems or whether they evolved for other reasons and then enabled their bearers to deal with the hard problems.‎ To find out the causes of brain expansion, we recreated the scenarios(可能出现的情况) of the two hypotheses using a mathematical model. We found that a combination of ecological and social challenges do produce the brain size we see in humans. But it was ecological challenges that expanded brains. In contrast to the dominant view and our own expectation, we found that social challenges contributed by decreasing brain size. But you need both factors to get the brain size we see today—if there were no social challenges our brains would have been even larger but likely poorly suited to social life. Bigger isn’t necessarily better.‎ But many animals face hard ecological problems. Why don’t they all have large brains? We found that ecological problems only lead to humansized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grow. So our results and those of others’ suggest that hard ecology and the accumulation of cultural knowledge could act together to produce a humansized brain.‎ Will the human brain expand further? The complexity of the systems involved makes it impossible to say much with certainty at present.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。科学研究发现，‎ 34‎ 人类大脑的大小是由生态环境和文化知识积累的共同作用决定的；大脑并非越大越好，如果大脑过大，则人类将无法适应社交活动。‎ ‎1．In most people’s view, what makes human evolve large brains?‎ A．Social challenges.‎ B．Social and ecological challenges.‎ C．Ecological challenges.‎ D．Competition with other large animals.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The dominant hypothesis(假设)suggests that tough social interactions are the driving force.”并结合第一段内容可知，大部分人认为棘手的社交活动是人类大脑进化的动力，故A项正确。‎ ‎2．What’s the problem of the common approach?‎ A．Its model is not reliable enough.‎ B．It doesn’t tell the cause and effect clearly.‎ C．Its hypothesis cannot be proved effectively.‎ D．It doesn’t find brain size is connected with problems.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It cannot tell whether large brains evolved to solve the difficult problems or whether they evolved for other reasons and then enabled their bearers to deal with the hard problems.”可知，传统的研究方法无法解释清楚大脑进化的原因和影响，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．Why don’t many animals have large brains?‎ A．They don’t learn from each other.‎ B．They don’t face hard ecological problems.‎ C．They don’t need to cooperate with each other.‎ D．They don’t keep learning tough skills as they grow.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句“Why don’t they all have large brains? We found that ecological problems only lead to humansized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grow.”可知，只有当个体在成长过程中不断学习艰难的技能时，生态环境才会影响人类特定大小的大脑。据此可推知，动物在成长过程中并没有持续学习艰难的技能，所以动物没有大的大脑，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following do the researchers find most surprising?‎ 34‎ A．Animals don’t have large brains.‎ B．Social challenges decrease brain size.‎ C．Ecological challenges increase brain size.‎ D．It’s unclear whether human brains will expand further.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“In contrast to the dominant view and our own expectation, we found that social challenges contributed by decreasing brain size.”可知，与主流观点及我们自己的预期相反，我们发现社会挑战导致大脑变小。据此可知，社会挑战导致大脑变小是令人惊讶的发现，故B项正确。‎ 七选五 ‎(2020·昆明摸底调研)‎ How to Be a Good Listener to Your Family Communication is important for strong family relationships. 1.________ Working on your listening skills can help you communicate better and form stronger bonds.‎ Listen actively. When listening to a family member, do not let your mind wander to other things. It’s important to make your family member feel heard and valued. Put your phone away and give them your full attention. Never think about other things when someone is talking. 2.________‎ Repeat what has been said. Briefly summarizing what the speaker has said can go a long way towards effective communication. Everyone wants to feel valued and heard, so repeating a family member’s point can show you were listening. 3.________ It can really allow you and your family to communicate better as well.‎ ‎4．________ Interrupting can put breaks on effective conversation. Always allow a few seconds of silence after someone finishes talking before offering your response. This allows you to make sure the speaker has finished talking. Do not talk over someone either. No matter how curious you feel about a subject, do not start talking until the other person has finished.‎ Avoid hurrying the speaker. 5.________ Do not break in before the speaker is finished just to hurry the speaker along. Never say things like “Can you get to the point？” This will make it seem like you’re not interested in the conversation.‎ 34‎ A．Do not interrupt.‎ B．Never rush the person into talking.‎ C．Instead, focus on what’s being said.‎ D．People tend to pause when they speak.‎ E．It can help you make sure you understood the speaker.‎ F．When someone finishes talking, ask questions if necessary.‎ G．However, if you don’t truly listen to others, it can be difficult to communicate.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了四个改善家庭成员间关系的倾听技巧。‎ ‎1．G　解析：空前一句突出交流对巩固家庭成员之间关系的重要性，空后一句是说使用倾听技巧可以帮助你更好地交流以及建立更密切的联系，故G项“然而，如果你不能真正地倾听他人，交流就会变得困难”从反面进一步强调倾听的重要性。‎ ‎2．C　解析：本段围绕“Listen actively.”展开，根据本段的内容及空前一句“当别人讲话时不要去想其他的事情”可知，C项“而要关注对方正在说的内容”符合语境。‎ ‎3．E　解析：本段紧扣“Repeat what has been said.”进行论证，空处与前一句构成递进关系，E选项中的“It”指代前一句中的“repeating a family member’s point”。‎ ‎4．A　解析：空处为段首句，根据段落特征可知，本句应为祈使句且为本段的主题句。空后一句讨论打断别人会中断有效的交流，由此可推知段首句应为不要打断(他人说话)。故A项符合语境。‎ ‎5．B　解析：本段主题是“避免催促说话人”。空处谈论的内容应与首句相关，B项中的“rush”与空前的“hurrying”同义，表示“催促”。故选B项。‎ 短文改错 ‎(2020·合肥第二次质检)Our school sports meeting finally came to end last Friday. Tiring but cheerful, we made it a success. I can say it’s the best one I have ever been taken part in. The opening ceremony was a feast for the eyes. To begin with, the headmaster makes a speech. Then came various performance, including singing, dancing and Kung Fu. Besides, some students dressed up as dolls, and that they wanted to show was confident and talent. When the teachers’ shows began, the audience went crazily. As a class photographer, I took pictures of such many brilliant moments, which, with doubt, meant a lot to all of us.‎ 34‎ 答案：‎ Our school sports meeting finally came to end last Friday. but cheerful, we made it a success. I can say it’s the best one I have ever taken part in. The opening ceremony was a feast for the eyes. To begin with, the headmaster a speech. Then came various ， including singing, dancing and Kung Fu. Besides, some students dressed up as dolls, and they wanted to show was and talent. When the teachers’ shows began, the audience went . As a class photographer, I took pictures of many brilliant moments, which, doubt, meant a lot to all of us.‎ 书面表达 ‎(2020·江淮十校联考)假如你是李华，你班本周日将举行植树活动，请给你班外教Jenny发一封邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括：‎ ‎1．活动安排；‎ ‎2．注意事项；‎ ‎3．盼望回复参与意向。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Jenny，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ 34‎ Dear_Jenny，‎ I’m very glad to invite you to participate in the treeplanting activity this Sunday, which is organized by our class.‎ On that day, we’ll gather at the school gate at 9 o’clock in the morning and take a bus to get to the destination—the hill three miles from our school.‎ On arrival, we’ll be divided into several groups to take part in different tasks, including carrying trees, planting trees, watering trees and so on. I believe it will be an unforgettable experience if we keep safety in mind.‎ I would really appreciate it if you could write back to me and tell me your decision!‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 34‎