高中英语TheInternetandTelecommunicationsSection 13页

真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 1 Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading-Pre-reading Since 1990s the Internet has become fashionable (时尚的) in people’s daily life. The Internet is a system of thousands of networks, linking middle schools, universities, businesses, government agencies (机构), libraries and millions of individuals. The Internet, an information highway, can bring many conveniences into the school, home and office. College students can find the data of different countries to finish their papers. Housewives can do their shopping and pay bills without leaving their homes. Businessmen can place an order through electronic (电子的) media. Patients can reach the world’s leading experts on the disease they suffer from. Men and women can communicate with people from all over the world by sending and receiving emails. With a computer and the network, any individual can call up information about almost anything from almost anywhere at almost any time. The Internet offers us excitement and a world of promise. For example, it can improve efficiency (效率) in scientific research, for by means of it scientists and researchers can get a global look at the latest developments in the field 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 2 concerned and they don’t need to spend time doing what has already been done. In view of personal communication, the Internet could be the most convenient means, too. But do you know the development of the Internet and the World Wide Web? Let’ s step into Module 6 together and explore the mysterious Internet world! Section_Ⅰ Introduction & Reading — Prereading [原文呈现] The Internet is the biggest source① of information② in the world, and it ’ s accessible③ through a computer. It consists of④ millions of⑤pages of data⑥. In 1969, DARPA, a US defence organisation⑦， developed a way for all their computers to “talk” to each other through the telephone⑧. They created⑨ a network of computers called DARPANET⑩. For fifteen years, only the US army could use this system of communication⑪. Then in 1984, the US National Science Foundation (NSF) started the NSFNET network. It then became possible for universities to use the system as well⑫ . NSFNET becameknown as⑬ the InterNetwork, or “Internet”． The World Wide Web (the web) is a computer network that allows ⑭ computer users to access⑮ information from millions of websites via ⑯ the Internet. At the moment⑰， about 80 percent of web traffic is in English, but this percentage ⑱ is going down⑲. By 2020, much web traffic could [读文清障] ①source /sɔːs/n．来源；出处 ②information n．信息 ③accessible/ək’sesəbl/adj.可进入的；可使用 的 ④consist of 由……组成 ⑤millions of 数以百万计的 ⑥data/’deItə/n．(复)数据，单数是 datum ⑦defence /dI’fens/n．保护；防卫 a US defence organisation 是 DARPA 的同位语。 ⑧for ... 为不定式的复合结构作 way 的定语。 ⑨create/kri’eIt/vt.创造；发明 ⑩network/’netˌwɜːk/n．网络 called DARPANET 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修 饰 network of computers。 ⑪communication n．联络；通信；交往 ⑫as well 也，一般放在句末 句中 it 为形式主语，to use ... 是真正的主语。 ⑬become known as ... 作为……而出名；被称 作……；叫作…… ⑭allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 ⑮access /’ækses/vt.存取(计算机文件)；访问 ⑯via /’vaIə/prep.途经；经由 ⑰at the moment 目前；此时；此刻 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 3 be in Chinese. The World Wide Web was invented in 1991 by an English scientist, Tim BernersLee. BernersLee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television！⑳ He cameup with○21 the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. ⑱percentage/pə’sentIdʒ/n．百分数；百分率 ⑲go down 下降 ⑳while 引导时间状语从句，using ... 为现在分 词短语作方式状语。 ○21come up with 提出 [第 1～4 段译文] 因特网是世界上最大的信息源，它借助电脑便能进入。它由数百万页的数据组成。 1969 年，一个名叫 DARPA 的美国国防组织，研发出一种使他们所有的电脑通过电话相互 “交谈”的方法。他们创建了一个叫 DARPANET 的电脑网络。在 15 年的时间里，只有美国军 方才能使用这一交流系统。后来在 1984 年，美国国家科学基金会创立了 NSFNET 网络。然后， 大学使用这一系统也成为可能。NSFNET 作为“互联网络”或者“因特网”而闻名。 万维网是一种电脑网络，它使电脑用户通过因特网从数百万的网站上获取信息。目前， 大约 80%的网络交流都使用英语，但这一比例正在下降。到 2020 年时，大量的网络交流有 可能使用汉语。 万维网由英国科学家蒂姆·贝尔纳斯·李于 1991 年创建。读大学时，贝尔纳斯·李利用 一台旧电视制成了他的第一台电脑！ 1989 年，当他在瑞士工作时，他提出了 创建 万维 网的想法。 BernersLee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army ○22 . He designed○23 the first “web browser”， which allowed computer users to access documents○24 from other computers. From that moment on ○25 ， the web and the Internet grew. Within○26 five years, the number of○27 Internet users rose○28 from 600,000 to 40 million. The Internet has created thousands of millionaires○29， but BernersLee is ○22not just 不仅仅 make it possible for sb. to do sth. 是 习惯用法，其中 it 为形式宾语，不定式为真 正的宾语；not just ... 为解释性状语。 ○23design /dI’zaIn/vt.设计 ○24document/’dɒkjʊmənt/n．文件 ○25from that moment on 从那时起 ○26within prep.在……时间范围之内 ○27the number of ……的数量 后接可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用 单数形式。 ○28rise vi.增加；上升 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 4 not one of them. Everyone in the world can access the Internet using his World Wide Web system○30. He now works as○31 a lecturer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. rise to 增 加 到 …… rise by 增 加 了…… ○29millionaire n．百万富翁 ○30using ... 为现在分词短语作方式状 语。 ○31work as 担任……，以……身份工作 [第 5～6 段译文] 贝尔纳斯·李使每个人使用因特网成为了可能，而不仅仅是大学和军队。他设计出了 第一个“网站浏览器”，它允许电脑用户可以从其他电脑上获取文件。从那时起，万维网和 因特网蓬勃发展了。5 年内，因特网的用户从 60 万剧增至 4 000 万。 因特网造就了成千上万的百万富翁，但不包括贝尔纳斯·李。世界上的任何人都可以 利用他的万维网系统进入因特网。他现任美国波士顿麻省理工学院讲师。 Prereading Please match the following words with their proper meanings. 1．contain A．许可 2．access B．设计 3．permission C．百分数；百分率 4．source D．发明 5．defence E．包含；包括 6．create F．文件 7．design G．创造；发明 8．invention H．来源 9．document I．保卫；防卫 10．percentage J．通路；接近 答案：1～5 EJAHI 6～10 GBDFC Leadin 1．We can get the latest news from the following media. (1)newspaper (2)television 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 5 (3)radio (4)Internet 2．Match the pictures with their names. A．laptop B．palmtop C．hard disk D．mobile phone (1)B (2)D (3)A (4)C Whilereading Fastreading 1．Look at the picture and read the first sentences and the last sentences of each paragraph to find the answer to the question: what’s the main idea of the passage? It mainly tells us what the_Internet is and how it has developed step by step. 2．Read the passage quickly and match the main ideas with the paragraphs. Para.1 A．The definition of the World Wide Web. Para.2 B．The inventor of the World Wide Web. Para.3 C．The current condition of BernersLee. Para.4D．The development of the Internet. Para.5 E．The start of the Internet. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 6 Para.6 F．The definition of the Internet. 答案：Para.1—F Para.2—E Para.3—A Para.4—B Para.5—D Para.6—C Carefulreading (Ⅰ)Read the text and choose the best answers. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about BernersLee? A．He now works as a lecturer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. B．He invented the first computer and made a lot of money. C．He came up with the idea of the Internet while at university. D．He made it possible for universities to use the Internet. 2．DARPA made it possible for all their computers to “talk” to each other ________. A．by radio B．through the telephone C．on TV D．by the cellphone 3．When the network was first invented, it was only used in the US ________. A．army B．government C．university D．school 4．Which sentence is RIGHT from the passage? A．The NSFNET was only used by the US army. B．By 2020, much web traffic will be in Japanese. C．Everyone in the world can access the Internet using the World Wide Web system. D．BernersLee became rich because of the Internet. 答案：1～4 ABAC (Ⅱ)Fill in the blanks according to the text. The web 1．allows users to 2.access information from websites. Development In 1969, DARPA 3.created a network of computers. In 1984, NSF 4.started the NSFNET network. In 1989, Tim BernersLee 5.came_up_with the idea of the web. In 1991, Tim BernersLee 6.invented the web. Influence Within 5 years, 7. the_number_of Internet users rose from 600,000 to 40 million. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 7 At the moment, 8.about_80% of web traffic is in English, but this percentage is 9.going_down. By 2020, 10.much_web_traffic could be in Chinese. Studyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text. 1．In 1969, DARPA, a US defence organization, developed a way for all their computers to “talk” to each other through the telephone. [句式分析] [尝试翻译] 1969 年，一个名叫 DARPA 的美国国防组织，研发出一种使他们所有的电 脑通过电话相互“交谈”的方法。 2．BernersLee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television! [句式分析] [尝试翻译] 读大学时，贝尔纳斯·李利用一台旧电视制成了他的第一台电脑！ 3．BernersLee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army. [句式分析] 句中含有 make 的复合结构，其中 it 作形式宾语，不定式的复合结构作真 正的宾语，not just universities and the army 作解释性状语。 [尝试翻译] 贝尔纳斯·李使任何人使用因特网成为了可能，而不仅仅是大学和军队。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A In modern world, the Internet has made our life easy and comfortable. In our 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 8 daily life we have to use various kinds of electronic devices. We can’t imagine our life without the Internet. Internet is now becoming an indispensable (不可 或缺的) part of our life. For Personal Use If a person wants to spend a whole day with the Internet, it is possible. The Internet has become a good friend of everybody. Now we don’t need to go to the theater to watch a movie. We can download a movie, old or new, from the Internet within a few minutes. Whenever we want a new dress, but confused thinking about the design and color of the dress, there is a quick solution on the Internet which can help us hopefully. No teenager is found who doesn’t use Facebook. In Facebook we will be able to connect with those friends with whom we don’t have any connection for a long time. In Office and Business Before computers there were many problems in our life. In office, we have to deal with many kinds of information. In the past, we had to gather information on papers, but it was very difficult for one person to protect thousands of papers. Maybe your office would be attacked by fire. But at present, it is not a major problem. We can store lots of information in computers conveniently. Before computers when we went to an office, we saw lots of files gathered beside the desk. Some people were running with files. It was a previous scene. At present, this scene can be very funny. So we can say computers help to change the environment of an office indirectly. ____________ The major novelty of the Internet is the faster spread of information. We can download information, tutorial, book, and any type of help from the Internet. If I need help from my teacher in the night before the exam, I don’t need to go to his house. It will waste time. I can know his valuable opinion through email. Many universities and research institutions share their opinions, views and experiences and sometimes they start their projects together on the Internet. It saves their time and money. We can know these from the Internet which was impossible in the past. 语篇解读：在现代社会中我们不能想象没有网络的生活。互联网使我们的生活方便和舒适。 1．Why does the author talk about Facebook in Paragraph 2? A．Because it is quite popular with teenagers. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 9 B．Because all teenagers can use Facebook. C．Because it proves the Internet has personal use. D．Because it helps to find friends we’ve long lost contact with. 解析：选 C 推理判断题。For Personal Use 为第二段的主题，作者谈及 Facebook 是 为了说明该主题。 2．The third paragraph is developed ________. A．by space B．by contrast C．by process D．by time 解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据该段中的信息“In the past”和“But at present” 可知，该段是通过对比来展开的。 3．The blank in the text above can be filled by ________. A．For Work Efficiency B．In Communication C．For Development D．In Education 解析：选 D 段落大意题。根据第四段中的信息 “We can download information, tutorial, book, and any type of help from the Internet. If I need help from my teacher in the night before the exam”可知，该段的主题为互联网在教育方面的作用及影响。 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Interlinked Computers Around the World B．The Influence of the Internet in Our Daily Life C．The Internet — Bridge Among Past, Present and Future D．Technological Breakthrough in Communication 解析：选 B 标题归纳题。文章论述了互联网对我们日常生活的影响。故选 B。 B I started using Facebook about one year ago and I really loved it. I could get the latest information about my friends through it. However, after using it for some time, I found something very disappointing. It started about half a year ago. One day, while I was reading something that my friend Lisa posted, I found she was lying. She said she had won the first prize in a contest (竞赛). But the truth was that she only got the third prize. After she posted that on Facebook, many people said how great she was. I said nothing. I just felt disappointed. But that was not the end of the story. Some days later, I found she told lies again. And her lies went on and on. She kept posting something she hadn’t done, such as buying an expensive gift for her mother, helping a stranger, keeping a 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 10 homeless dog, and so on. And even worse, others followed her example. I knew why they did that. They felt envy (忌妒) of Lisa. You may find it funny. But in fact Facebook envy is nothing to laugh about. Researchers found that those who envy others on Facebook are more likely to suffer from depression (抑郁症)． In my opinion, Facebook should just be used to talk with friends and families. We shouldn’t lie to others just in order to make others think we’re great. If we lie, others will lie, too. And in the end, everyone will lie on Facebook. So tell the truth on Facebook. It can help others really know about you. 语篇解读：作者发现她的朋友 Lisa 经常在 Facebook 上撒谎，她对此感到很失望。更糟的 是，很多人因为妒忌 Lisa 也开始撒谎。所以作者建议人们在 Facebook 上实话实说。 5．After the author started using Facebook, she ________. A．often lied on it B．found it helpful at first C．made a lot of friends on it D．found it disappointing at once 解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，当作者一开始使用 Facebook 时， 她能通过 Facebook 获得好友的信息，这让作者觉得 Facebook 很有用。 6．What made the author disappointed? A．Feeling envy of Lisa. B．Not getting the first prize. C．Lisa’s lying about herself. D．Having nothing great to post. 解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，不久作者发现她的好友 Lisa 在 Facebook 上撒谎，这让作者很失望。 7．By saying “others followed her example”， the author means others ________. A．did something great too B．started to use Facebook C．started to envy Lisa D．started telling lies on Facebook 解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段的内容可知，Lisa 的谎言越来越多，多数都 是在炫耀自己，而她的炫耀导致了更糟的事情：因为妒忌她所说的那些虚假的东西，其他人 也开始撒谎，由此可知“others followed her example”指的是其他人也开始在 Facebook 上撒谎。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 11 8．What does the author think people should do on Facebook? A．Keep honest. B．Make true friends. C．Make themselves great. D．Help others correct their mistakes. 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据末段的内容可知，作者认为人们在 Facebook 上应该实 话实说，这样才能让别人真正了解自己。 C Internet time tied to teen depression (抑郁) symptoms Spending time online is normal behaviour for teenagers. But too much Internet use by teens — or too little, for that matter — might be related to depression, a new study finds. The findings, reported in the journal of Pediatrics, do not mean that the Internet is to blame. For one, teens in the study who spent no time online were also at increased risk of depression symptoms. Instead, the researchers say that both heavy Internet use, and nonuse, could serve as signals that a teenager is having a hard time. For the study, Dr. PierreAndre Michaud and his colleagues at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, surveyed 7,200 individuals aged 16 to 20 about their Internet use. Those who were online more than two hours per day were considered “heavy” Internet users, while those online anywhere from several times per week to two hours per day were considered “regular” users. The teenagers also answered a number of healthrelated questions, including some standard questions about “depressive tendencies” that gauge (判定) how often a person feels sad or hopeless. Compared with regular Internet users, the study found, kids who were heavy users or nonusers were more likely to be depressed or very depressed. Among male teens, heavy users and nonusers were both around onethird more likely to have a high depression score, compared to “regular” users. Among girls, heavy Internet users had an 86 percent greater chance of depression, while nonusers had a 46 percent greater likelihood compared to regular users. That was with factors like family income and any chronic health problems taken into account. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 12 Since teenagers typically go online to contact with friends, the researchers speculate (推测) that those who are never online may be more socially isolated. 语篇解读：上网与青少年患抑郁症没有必然联系，但过度上网和不上网可能导致“抑郁”。 9．How long are those who are online per day considered “heavy” Internet users? A．More than two hours. B．More than eight hours. C．More than twelve hours. D．More than ten hours. 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Those who were online more than two hours per day were considered ’heavy’ Internet users ...”可知 A 项正确，每天上 网时间超过两小时的人被视为“过度上网者”。 10．What’s the purpose of Dr. Michaud and his colleagues’ study? A．To know the actual number of teenagers online. B．To know the actual time of teenagers online. C．To know the influence on study about teenagers online. D．To know the relationship between the Internet use and depression. 解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“surveyed 7,200 individuals aged 16 to 20 about their Internet use”和接下来的研究结果叙述可知，Michaud 博士和他的同事 研究的目的是了解因特网的使用和抑郁症的关系。所以选择 D 项。 11．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “isolated” in the last paragraph? A．Independent. B．United. C．Separated. D．Capable. 解析：选 C 词义猜测题。根据上文 Since teenagers typically go online to contact with friends “青少年上网主要是为了与朋友们联系”可知，“那些从来不上网的青少年 可能更孤立自闭”，所以选择 C 项 separated (分离的，单独的)最合适。 12．According to the accounts of the sixth paragraph, what can we conclude? A．Nonusers of Internet aren’t likely to be depressed. B．Among girls, heavy Internet users are more likely to suffer depression than regular users. C．Heavy users will lead to death unless limited. D．Nonusers have more possibility to be depressed than heavy users. 解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据本段中的“Among girls, heavy Internet users had an 86 percent greater chance of depression ...”可知，女孩当中过度上网者患抑郁症的 可能性比正常上网者高 86%，故 B 项正确。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 13 选项。 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. __1__ They find that the phones are more than a means of communication — having mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected. The explosions (爆炸；爆发) around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity (负面报道) of such ideas. __2__ On the other hand, signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. __3__ This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. __4__ The answer is radiation (辐射). Hightech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about. As the discussion about the safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often. __5__ Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often. A．They will possibly affect their benefits. B．In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. C．What do the doctors worry about? D．What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? E．They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health. F．He couldn’t remember even simple tasks. G．Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. 答案：1～5 BEFDG