福建省泉州市2020届高三第一次质量检查英语试题 Word版含解析 28页

www.ks5u.com 泉州市2020届普通高中毕业班第一次质量检查 英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1.答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。‎ ‎2.选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。‎ ‎3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。‎ ‎4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁, 不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱, 不使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。‎ 第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)‎ 做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1.How does the man find the woman's baked chicken?‎ A.Inviting. B.Plain. C.Awful.‎ ‎2.When did the award ceremony finally start?‎ A.At 8：15. B.At 8：20. C.At 8：35.‎ ‎3.Where will the boy most probably be tonight?‎ A.In the cinema . B.In a school. C.In his dormitory·‎ ‎4.Why did the man visit the woman's garden?‎ A.To seek advice on his garden.‎ B.To prepare for his paper.‎ C.To borrow books.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎5.What is probably the cause of the man's problems?‎ A.His smoking B.His over work.‎ C.His diet.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6.How long will the man be expected to work at weekends?‎ A.Eight hours. B.Ten hours. C.Twelve hours.‎ ‎7.What position is the man applying for?‎ A.Accountant. B.Teaching assistant C.Shop assistant.‎ 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8.What is the relationship between the speakers?‎ A.Colleagues. B.Neighbors. C.A couple.‎ ‎9.What are they expecting?‎ A.A dishwasher. B.A sink. C.A drying shelf.‎ 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10.When will the visitors come?‎ A.In March. B.In April. C.In May.‎ ‎11.What will the visitors do on the third day?‎ A.Visit San Francisco. B.Attend a lecture. C.Walk along the coast.‎ ‎12.What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A.A welcome party. B.At tour schedule. C.A reception arrangement.‎ 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13.What happened to the girl?‎ A.She knocked a boy off the board.‎ B.She sank to the bottom of the pool.‎ C.She was blamed by her instructor.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎14.Who called the ambulance?‎ A.The woman. B.A student. C.The instructor.‎ ‎15.What does the woman probably do?‎ A.She is a diver. B.She is a coach. C.She is a lifeguard.‎ ‎16What can be used to describe the woman?‎ A.Innocent. B.Ambitious. C.Capable.‎ 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17.Why did the scientists travel to remote places?‎ ATo collect wild crop seeds.‎ B.To get evidence of climate change.‎ C.To measure crop production.‎ ‎18.Which is in charge of the project?‎ A.The Crop Trust.‎ B.Millennium SeedBank.‎ C.Norway.‎ ‎19.What advantage do wild crops have?‎ A.Having larger production.‎ B.Surviving severe conditions.‎ C.Being free of diseases.‎ ‎20.What is the purpose of the project?‎ A.To ensure food security.‎ B.To control crop seed prices.‎ C.To avoid extreme weather.‎ 第二部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。‎ A Dive into Jason deCaires Taylor's underwater art exhibits from around the world - 28 -‎ Creating the world's first underwater sculpture(雕像) park in Grenada in 2006, and with over 1,000 underwater artworks across the globe, deCaires Taylor has artfully highlighted the threats to our oceans while actively helping to create new life in them.Here are some of the underwater art exhibits.‎ Molinere Underwater Sculpture Park Grenada, West Indies Installed in 2006 after Molinere Bay suffered destructive damage from the 2004 Hurricane Ivan, these 75 underwater art pieces formed the world's first underwater sculpture park and was name done of National Geographic's 25 Wonders of the World.It now provides a new habitat for marine life,and it also draws divers and glass-bottomed boats away from more delicate reefs nearby.‎ Ocean Atlas Nassau, Bahamas Off the coast of Nassau sits the world's largest underwater sculpture, shallow enough for divers to view.This 60-ton,16-foot tall statue of a young Bahamian girl appears to hold up the ocean, just like her Greek namesake (同名人物) Atlas, who suspended the heavens in Greek myth(神话) .‎ The Rising Tide London, U.K.‎ Unlike most of deCaires Taylor's works, these sculptures can be seen from land,on the banks of the River Thames, emerging during low tide. Within sight of the Houses of Parliament, they are a nod to the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse and are a reminder of rising sea levels and the denial of climate change.‎ Museum of Underwater Art Great Barrier Reef, Australia Expected to open to the public in early 2020, deCaires Taylor's latest project aims to rehabilitate parts of the world's largest reef system. Works in the underwater museum include a partially-submerged(半淹没的)figure that changes color as the sea warms and which can be seen from shore, and even a submerged coral-covered greenhouse.‎ ‎1. What do deCaires Taylor's underwater art exhibits have in common?‎ - 28 -‎ A. Becoming National Geographic's Wonders of the World.‎ B. Sharing names with gods in Greek myth.‎ C. Changing colors with water temperature.‎ D. Combining art with saving ocean creatures.‎ ‎2. Where can you see the largest underwater sculpture?‎ A. Grenada. B. Nassau.‎ C. London. D. Great Barrier Reef.‎ ‎3. Which is intended to save the world's largest reef system?‎ A. Molinere Underwater Sculpture Park.‎ B. Ocean Atlas.‎ C. The Rising Tide.‎ D. Museum of Underwater Art.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。deCaires Taylor's水下展览是一个集艺术和拯救海洋生物于一体的展览。文章介绍了其中四处展览的特色。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的and with over 1,000 underwater artworks across the globe,deCaires Taylor has artfully highlighted the threats to our oceans while actively helping to create new life in them.(全球有超过1000件水下艺术品，deCaires Taylor巧妙地强调了对海洋的威胁，同时积极帮助创造新的生命)可知，deCaires Taylor 水下展览的共同特点是把艺术展览和拯救海洋生物巧妙地结合在一起。D. Combining art with saving ocean creatures.(把艺术和拯救海洋生物结合在一起)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Nassau, Bahamas部分下的Off the coast of Nassau sits the world's largest underwater sculpture, shallow enough for divers to view.(在拿骚的海岸附近，有世界上最大的水下雕塑，浅到足以让潜水者们可以看见)可知，在Nassau可以看到世界上最大的水下雕塑。故选B项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Great Barrier Reef, Australia部分下的Expected to open to the public - 28 -‎ ‎ in early 2020 , deCaires Taylor's latest project aims to rehabilitate parts of the world's largest reef system.(预计在2020年对公众开放，deCaires Taylor's的最新项目是修复世界上最大的珊瑚礁的部分)可知，Museum of Underwater Art的目的是修复珊瑚礁。故选D项。‎ B I recently heard a story about a famous research scientist who had made several very important medical breakthroughs.When a newspaper reporter asked him why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person, he responded that it all came from an experience with his mother when he was about two years old.‎ At that time he was trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he accidentally dropped the bottle, splling its contents all over the kitchen floor—a real sea of milk!‎ When his mother came in, instead of yelling at him, giving him a lecture or punishing him, she said, ''Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made!I have rarely seen such a huge puddle of milk.Well, would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes? ''‎ Indeed, he did.After a few minutes, his mother said, ''Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order.We could use a sponge(海绵) , a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer? '' He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.‎ His mother then said, ''You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry big milk bottle with two tiny hands.Let's go to the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it. '' The little boy leaned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!‎ This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were opportunities for learning something new, which is what scientific experiments are all about.‎ Wouldn't it be great if all parents would respond the way Robert'smother responded - 28 -‎ ‎ to him?‎ ‎4. What happened when the boy dropped the milk bottle?‎ A. He got injured and burst into tears.‎ B. He cried over the broken milk bottle.‎ C. His mother scolded him for making a mess.‎ D. His mother encouraged him to play with the milk.‎ ‎5. What was his mother's purpose by inviting him to do the clean-up together?‎ A. To inspire his creativity.‎ B. To promote his responsibility.‎ C. To develop his cooking skill.‎ D. To improve his experiment ability.‎ ‎6. Why did the mother take the boy to the backyard?‎ A. To fetch water for cleaning B. Top our milk into the bottle.‎ C. To help him wipe off his memory of failure.‎ D. To explore how to carry bottles successfully.‎ ‎7. What is critical to the scientist's creativity?‎ A. His childhood toys.‎ B. His mother's strictness.‎ C. Lessons from making mistakes.‎ D. Failure in scientific experiments.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个成功的科学家被问及为何比普通人有创造力，他回忆了自己小时候打翻牛奶瓶时，妈妈不仅没有责备他，还通过这个机会让他学会了从错误中学习的故事。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段的Well, would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes?可知，当男孩把牛奶打翻在地上时，他的妈妈让他在牛奶里玩了几分钟。D. His mother encouraged him to play with the - 28 -‎ ‎ milk.(他的妈妈鼓励他玩牛奶)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段的After a few minutes, his mother said, ''Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. '' (几分钟之后，他妈妈说：“Robert，无论什么时候你把东西弄得这乱，最终你必须把它收拾干净，然后把一切恢复正常”)可知，妈妈让男孩打扫并把东西恢复原位。由此推测她的目的是教育男孩要对自己所做的事情负责。B. To promote his responsibility.(为了提升他的责任感)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的Let's go to the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover away to carry it without dropping it.(我们去后院，把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能找到把它拿着而不掉落的方法)可知，妈妈带男孩去后院的原因是让他找到可以成功拿牛奶瓶的方法。D. To explore how to carry bottles successfully.(为了探索成功拿牛奶瓶的方法)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Instead, he learned that mistakes were opportunities for learning something new, which is what scientific experiments are all about.(相反，他认识到错误是学习新知识的机会，而这正是科学实验的意义所在)可知，这位科学家创造力的关键是从错误中学习。C. Lessons from making mistakes.(从犯错中学习)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ C Connie Monroe clicks a button, flicks her wrist and watches as her neighborhood floods. The shorelines are first to go. Then, the baseball fields at Fleming Park. By the time seawater reaches the senior center, it has flooded streets and over a dozen brick homes. Monroe moves her head up and down, side to side, taking in the simulated (仿真的) view. This is what could happen to Turner Station, a historic African American community southeast of Baltimore, as sea levels rise.‎ Climate change presents many challenges to coastal communities and to those trying to prepare for its impacts, but one of the most basic is also one of the most vexing: How do you show people and convince them of a possible future?‎ - 28 -‎ Communicating the realness and immediacy of the climate threat is hugely important to climate researchers and those aiming to lessen its causes. But it's also the most important to communities faced with coming changes that are already unavoidable. These projects need public support and input. That's why Monroe and other residents (居民) are being directed to sit in metal chairs, put on virtual reality headsets and watch their homes flood.‎ Turner Station, a community which gets flooded easily, is trying to prepare. It has partnered with the Port of Baltimore, a few nonprofits and a local landscape architecture firm to adopt a range of tools and ways to communicate climate change to the public, because every person is different and every place is different.‎ The virtual reality program is only the most recent, and perhaps the most effective step. Virtual reality is an immersive experience that can trick the human brain into thinking it's real. But tricking people is not the goal of the sea level rise simulation being used at Turner Station, says Juiano Calil, one of the program's developers. ''The goal, '' he says, ''is to start a conversation and help folks visualize the impacts of climate change and the solutions, and also discuss the trade-offs between them. ''‎ ‎8. Who is Monroe?‎ A. A coastal community citizen. B. A climate researcher.‎ C. An architect. D. AVR program developer.‎ ‎9. What does the underlined word ''vexing'' mean in paragraph 2?‎ A. Bothersome. B. Dramatic.‎ C. Original. D. Convincing.‎ ‎10. Why is VR technology employed here?‎ A. It can cut down the risks of climate change.‎ B. It can show severe results of climate change.‎ C. It can introduce technology to the residents.‎ D. It can predict the climate change accurately.‎ ‎11. What is the purpose of the program?‎ A. To trick more people to believe.‎ - 28 -‎ B. To win the residents’cooperation.‎ C. To advocate the application of VR.‎ D. To inform the residents of the solutions.‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一记叙文。文章主要讲述了政府运用虚拟现实技术让海滨小镇Turner Station的居民认识到气候变化带来的严重后果，并希望得到他们的支持。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的Monroe moves her head up and down, side to side, taking in the simulated (仿真的) view. This is what could happen to Turner Station, a historic African American community southeast of Baltimore, as sea levels rise.(在模拟的视图中，梦露的头上下移动，从一边到另一边。当海平面上升时，位于巴尔的摩东南，历史上最著名的非裔美国人社区Turner Station可能会发生这种状况)和第四段的That's why Monroe and other residents (居民) are being directed to sit in metal chairs(那就是为什么梦露和其它居民正在被指导坐在金属椅子上)可知，梦露是一个海滨社区的居民。A. A coastal community citizen.(一个海滨社区的居民)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段Climate change presents many challenges to coastal communities and to those trying to prepare for its impacts, but one of the most basic is also one of the most vexing：How do you show people—and convince them—of a possible future?可知，气候变化对沿海社区和那些试图为其影响做准备的人提出了许多挑战，但是最基本的挑战之一，也是最vexing的是：你如何向人们展示并说服他们这个可能的未来。根据句意，推测划线部分的意思是“烦恼的”。A. Bothersome.(烦恼的)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的But it's also the most important to communities faced with coming changes that are already unavoidable. These projects need public support and input. That's why Monroe and other residents (居民) are being directed to sit in metal chairs , put on virtual reality headsets and watch their homes - 28 -‎ ‎ flood.(但对于那些面临已经不可避免的未来变化的社区来说，这也是最重要的。这些项目需要公众的支持和投入。这就是为什么梦露和其他居民被要求坐在金属椅子里，戴上虚拟现实的耳机看他们家园的洪水)可知，虚拟现实被运用的目的是展示气候变化带来的严重后果。B. It can show severe results of climate change.(它能够展示气候变化的严重后果)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的These projects need public support and input.(这个项目需要公众的支持和投入)以及最后一段的''The goal, '' he says, ''is to start a conversation and help folks visualize the impacts of climate change and the solutions, and also discuss the trade-offs between them. " (他说：“目标是开始一场对话，帮助人们设想气候变化的影响和解决方案，并讨论它们之间的权衡”)可知，该项目的主要目的是人们意识到气候变化带来的严重影响，从而赢得他们的合作。B. To win the residents' cooperation.(为了赢得居民的合作)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ D Almost every community has some form of rules and some way of enforcing them. So why do we have rules, and what makes people follow them?‎ Studies have suggested that the reason we don't like rule-breaking is because fairness is programmed into our brains. Scientists have found that the brain reacts in a particular way when we feel we are being treated unfairly.A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings.The study found that this a so happened when subjects saw others being treated unfairly. They concluded that fairness is one of basic human needs.‎ Arriving at a feeling of fairness means considering different, often conflicting, points of view. Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there are conflicting interests. This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow.‎ Social controls are an important factor in setting and following rules.They influence the way we be have, and can be internal (内在的) or external. Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and fears. Most of us don't steal, for example, because we believe that theft is unfair and wrong. We also don't want to disappoint our family and friends. In other words, our internal controls keep - 28 -‎ ‎ us from behaving in ways that cause conflict.‎ External controls include rewards and punishments. Rewards, such as job promotions and praise, are designed to encourage people to be have and actin the interest of the whole community.‎ Punishments, such as public embarrassment, fines, and even imprisonment can prevent people from acting against the community's best interests.‎ People need their communities to function smoothly.If there were no rules, most people would probably still behave positively. However, there would always be a minority who would not. This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist.‎ ‎12. What does the underlined word ''this'' in paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. A program in human brains.‎ B. A comfortable situation.‎ C. The response with bad feelings.‎ D. The requirement off fairness.‎ ‎13. Why do communities have rules?‎ A. To punish illegal activities. B. To prevent disagreement.‎ C. To promote fairness. D. To meet various demands.‎ ‎14. Which of the following is an example of internal control?‎ A. Take exams honestly because cheating is shameful B. Park in the right place so as not to get a parking ticket.‎ C. Pay the electricity bill on time in order not to get a late fee.‎ D. Cooperate with your classmates to win a prize for your class.‎ ‎15. What is the best title for this passage?‎ A. Living by the rules B. Why communities need rules C. Reaching a compromise D. How fairness functions ‎【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了人们生活的社区和社会都需要有规则来促进公平，如果没有规则社会就无法运行。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段的A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings. The study found that this a so happened when subjects saw others being treated unfairly.可知，一个不公平的情况会让我们感到舒适甚至开心，但是不公平会让我们的大脑产生负面情绪。他们的研究发现，当受到不公平待遇时，这种情况就会发生。根据句意可知this指代上文提到的“大脑会产生负面情绪”。C. The response with bad feelings.(负面情绪的反应)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段的Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there are conflicting interests. This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow.(尽管有分歧，人们总是需要妥协的。但是，当存在利益冲突时，很难达成妥协。这就是为什么社区有每个人都必须遵守的规则)可知，社区设立规则的目的是让人们能够达成妥协，即促进公平。C. To promote fairness.(促进公平)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段的Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and fears.In other words, our internal controls keep us from behaving in ways that cause conflict.可知，我们的内部控制基于我们的价值观和恐惧，使我们不做出引起冲突的行为。A. Take exams honestly because cheating is shameful(诚实地参加考试，因为作弊是无耻的)是和我们的价值观相关，属于内部控制，故选A项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段的Almost every community has some form of rules and some way of enforcing them.(几乎每一个社区都有某种形式的规则，和某种执行他们的方式)和最后一段的This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist.(这就是为什么一个没有规则的社会是不可能的)可知，本文主要讲述了人们生活的社区和社会都需要有规则来促进公平，如果没有规则社会就无法运行。A. Living by the rules(按规则生活)可以作为本文的标题，故选A项。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Freshwater mussels(贻贝) are critical to their larger ecosystems and the world ‎ - 28 -‎ around them, They create habitat for other species, like freshwater coral reefs, and help maintain the structure and rigidity of the waterways they call home. ___16___ Nearly three-quarters of NorthAmerica's roughly 300 native mussel species are endangered, at risk, or of danger. Dozens are already extinct.‎ ‎___17___ For decades, freshwater mussels were over harvested for their shells.Before the age of plastic,they were collected and grown by the millions to satisfy commercial demand for buttons, Even more damaging was the spread of human development and environmental degradation.Rivers were dammed for power.Streams were diverted (使绕道) for agriculture. ___18___ All this continues today, endangering far more than freshwater mussels.A recent report by the United Nations found that human practices have put roughly 1 million species at risk of extinction,many within decades.‎ The species-specifc nature of the die-off suggests another cause：disease.The scientists have found a novel virus and a bacterium that are “statistically associated” with the dying mussels compared with control groups, but nobody is willing yet to identify which is the cause. ___19___‎ Are the mussels dying because they're filled with virus and bacteria?Or are they full of virus and bacteria because they're dying? ___20___ There are a million things it could be!‎ Nature is so complex.Biology is so complex.We do not understand how important somethings are until they're gone.‎ A. Humans are the primary cause.‎ B. There's still too much uncertainty.‎ C. Wetlands were paved for housing D. Are there anymore causes besides over harvesting?‎ E. But they are one of most endangered species on the planet.‎ F. On the other hand, they are the most important species in the ecosystem.‎ G. Is there an environmental cause driving it, such as drought or climate change?‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. G ‎【解析】‎ - 28 -‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了淡水贻贝濒临灭绝的原因，作者认为人类是主要原因，其次是疾病。自然界和生物都很复杂，我们不要等到一个物种的灭绝才知道它有多重要。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 下文Nearly three-quarters of NorthAmerica's roughly 300 native mussel species are endangered, at risk, or of danger. Dozens are already extinct.(近四分之三的美洲以外的地区——大约300种本地贻贝濒临灭绝，处于危险中，有很多已经灭绝)与E. But they are one of most endangered species on the planet.(但是，它们是地球上最濒临灭绝的物种之一)承接自然，后文的对选项所述内容的具体陈述，endangered是关键词，故选E项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 下文For decades, freshwater mussels were over harvested for their shells.(几十年来，淡水贻贝被过度捕捞)与A. Humans are the primary cause.(人类是主要原因)承接自然，因为人类的过度捕捞导致淡水贻贝濒临灭绝，故选A项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 上文Rivers were dammed for power. Streams were diverted (使绕道) for agriculture.(河流因发电而筑坝。溪流为了农业而绕道)与C. Wetlands were paved for housing(湿地被填平用来造房)承接自然，上下文是明显的并列关系，且都是人类破坏自然的活动，故选C项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 上文The scientists have found a novel virus and a bacterium that are ''statistically associated'' with the dying mussels compared with control groups, but nobody is willing yet to identify which is the cause.(科学家已经发现了一种新的病毒和细菌，和对照组相比，这种病毒和细菌在“统计上”和濒死的贻贝有关，但没有人愿意确定是哪一种原因)与B. There's still too much uncertainty(仍然有很多不确定性)承接自然，因为没有人愿意确定是哪一种原因，所以有很多不确定性，故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 上文Are the mussels dying because they're filled with virus and bacteria? Or are they full of virus and bacteria because they're dying?(贻贝死亡因为它们携带了病毒和病菌吗？还是因为它们濒临死亡而充满了病毒和细菌？)与G. Is there an environmental cause driving it, such as drought or climate change?(是否有诸如干旱或气候变化等环境因素在驱动它)承接自然，上下文是明显的并列关系，都是贻贝濒临灭绝的原因的猜测，故选G项。‎ - 28 -‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出可以填人空白处的最 佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was a little before 8a.m. when Mathias Schergen, also known as “Mr.Spider, ” walked down the hall toward the office to sign in.It was the same ___21___ he had had as an art teacher of Jenner Academy of the Arts for nearly a quarter ___22___.Word had gotten out about his ___23___ and today was his final day.All day, teachers, parents and past students ___24___ by Jenner to say goodbye.‎ So many stories of Mr.Spider ___25___ memories.Twenty-three years ago, when Mathias Schergen arrived at Jenner to ___26___, he wasn't Mr.Spider；he was just Matt.It wasn't ___27___ easy. For years, Schergen taught in one of the city's most ___28___ neighborhoods, through good ___29___ and bad.When he first entered his room he ___30___ there were bullet holes in the window, which made him ___31___ So he stuffed Beanie Babies in the ___32___ to make it look funny.There were nights he couldn't sleep. The work ___33___ him.He had trouble just getting his students to ___34___ Teaching the mart turned out to be ___35___ than anything he'd ever done.Then he thought the ___36___ something more.An identity-to ___37___ with his students.So he decided to call himself Mr. Spider, which kept the class ___38___ and fired up.‎ It was he who ___39___ his students to make art about their lives and turned an empty classroom into a museum.His career ___40___ a bow of thanks.‎ ‎21. A. routine B. action C. schedule D. task ‎22. A. month B. year C. decade D. century ‎23. A. retirement B. promotion C. ambition D. immigration ‎24. A. introduced B. supported C. stopped D. took ‎25. A. added to B. called up C. wiped out D. kept back ‎26. A. register B. teach C. inspect D. sacrifice ‎27. A. always B. hardly C. still D. probably - 28 -‎ ‎28. A. crowded B. dangerous C. harmonious D. enthusiastic ‎29. A. treatment B. administration C. consequences D. times ‎30. A. ignored B. suspected C. noticed D. predicted ‎31. A. regretful B. merciful C. nervous D. humble ‎32. A. holes B. doors C. windows D. museums ‎33 A. motivated B. established C. tolerated D. consumed ‎34. A. preview B. instruct C. listen D. interrupt ‎35. A. tougher B. safer C. freer D. faster ‎36. A. declared B. emphasised C. illustrated D. needed ‎37. A. maintain B. perform C. connect D. compare ‎38. A. normal B. fresh C. patient D. practical ‎39. A. prohibited B. permitted C. reminded D. pushed ‎40. A. guaranteed B. deserved C. witnessed D. sought ‎【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位美术老师——Mathias Schergen通过把自己叫做“蜘蛛侠”让学生认真上美术课，进而对艺术产生兴趣。他的努力值得所有学生的感谢。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Jenner Academy of the Arts学校当艺术老师差不多四分之一个世纪，他每天日常都是一样的。A. routine日常；B. action行为；C. schedule日程；D. task任务。结合上下文可知，扮演蜘蛛侠是Mathias Schergen每天要做的事情，故此处用“日常”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ - 28 -‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. month月；B. year年；C. decade十年；D. century世纪。根据下文的Twenty-three years ago, when Mathias Schergen arrived at Jenner可知此处用“四分之一个世纪”符合逻辑，故选D项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他退休的消息传开了，今天是他最后一天上班。A. retirement退休；B. promotion升职；C. ambition报复；D. immigration移民。根据下文的today was his final day可知此处用“退休”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一整天，老师，家长和过去的学生都专程过来和他道别。A. introduced介绍；B. supported支持；C. stopped停止；D. took拿。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语stop by“短暂拜访”，故选C项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：蜘蛛侠的很多故事唤起了回忆。A. added to增加；B. called up唤起；C. wiped out摧毁；D. kept back保留。根据句意可知，此处是指他的故事唤起的回忆，故选B项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：23年前，当Mathias Schergen到Jenner学校任教时，他还不蜘蛛侠，他只是Matt。A. register注册，登记；B. teach教书；C. inspect调查；D. sacrifice牺牲。结合上下文可知，此处是指23年前他来学校任教，故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：教书并不总是很容易。A. always 总是；B. hardly几乎不；C. still仍然；D. probably可能。根据下文的through good ___9___ and bad.可知他的工作并不是很容易，故选A项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，他在该市最危险的一个街区教书，度过了好的和不好的时光。A. crowded拥挤的；B. dangerous危险的；C. harmonious和谐的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据下文的there were bullet holes in the window可知他所工作的街区很危险，故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. treatment 治疗；B. administration 管理；C.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ consequences结果，后果；D. times时光。结合上下文可知，此处是指他在工作期间度过了好的和不好的时光，故选D项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他首次走进自己的房间时，注意到窗户上有子弹孔，这让他很紧张。A. ignored忽略；B. suspected怀疑；C. noticed注意到，看到；D. predicted预测。根据句意可知，此处是指他看到窗户上有子弹孔，故选C项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上A. regretful后悔的；B. merciful仁慈的；C. nervous紧张的；D. humble谦虚的，卑微的。根据句意可知，此处是指窗户上的子弹孔让他紧张，故选C项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，为了让它看起来有趣，他在这些孔里面填上了Beanie Babies。A. holes孔；B. doors门；C. windows 窗户；D. museums博物馆。结合上文bullet holes in the window可知，此处是指他用Beanie Babies填上了子弹孔，故选A项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：工作把他累垮了。A. motivated激励；B. established建立；C. tolerated容忍；D. consumed消耗。根据上文的There were nights he couldn't sleep.可知工作让他很操心，消耗了他大量精力，快把他累垮了，故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他无法让学生听课。A. preview预测；B. instruct指导；C. listen听（课）；D. interrupt打断。结合上下文可知，此处是指他很难让学生们听美术课，故选C项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，教美术比他曾经做的任何事情都困难。A. tougher更困难的；B. safer更安全的；C. freer更自由的；D. faster更快的。根据上文的He had trouble just getting his students to ___14___可判断他认为教美术很困难，故选A项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为他需要更多的东西。A. declared宣布；B. emphasized强调；C. illustrated解释；D. needed需要。根据下文的So he decided to call himself Mr.‎ - 28 -‎ ‎ Spider可知，他认为自己还需要一些特殊的，可以让孩子们对美术感兴趣的东西，故选D项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个把他和孩子们连接在一起的身份。A. maintain维持；B. perform表演；C. connect连接；D. compare对比。根据句意可知，此处是指他想一个可以和学生们产生联系，走的更近的特殊的身份，故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，他决定叫自己蜘蛛侠，这让所有的学生都觉得很新鲜，激发了他们的学习热情。A. normal正常的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. patient有耐心的；D. practical实际的。根据句意可知，此处是指学生们知道自己的老师叫蜘蛛侠觉得很新鲜，故选B项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：是他推动学生把他们的生活艺术化，把一间空教室变成了博物馆。A. prohibited禁止；B. permitted允许；C. reminded提醒；D. pushed推动。根据上下文可知，他是第一个这样的老师，是他推动了学生们爱艺术，故选D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的职业值得鞠躬感谢。A. guaranteed保证；B. deserved值得；C. witnessed目睹；D. sought寻找。结合上下文可知，此处是指因为他对学生在艺术方面的影响，因此他值得学生的感谢，故选B项。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ For many, holiday celebrations mean large meals shared with family and friends, but such ___41___ (feast) can produce huge amounts of food waste, harming the environment and wasting ___42___ (nature) resources-unless mindful merry makers take necessary steps.‎ Be mindful of ___43___ you already have.Try keeping food in glass jars. Using this Method,all ___44___ food in your kitchen becomes visible and will be easily remembered and consumed.‎ Shop smart.Most anti-food waste experts agree that planning a holiday menu before ___45___ (head) to the grocery store—and sticking to it—is one of the best ways to start off a ___46___ (little) wasteful holiday.Starting with an idea of who will ‎ - 28 -‎ ‎___47___ (invite) and exactly how much food to prepare will save a lot of littering.‎ Use leftovers ___48___ (wise) .It maybe impossible to get everyone into the clean plate club, but that doesn't mean leftover food has to go waste.Freeze and repurpose leftovers by using them ___49___ base ingredients(原料) for other recipes or send extras home with guests.‎ Always remember：When you throw away food, you're also throwing away the land,water and energy used ___50___ (produce) that food.‎ ‎【答案】41. feasts ‎ ‎42. natural ‎ ‎43. what 44. the ‎ ‎45. heading ‎ ‎46. less 47. be invited ‎ ‎48. wisely 49. as ‎ ‎50. to produce ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章就目前节日期间很多人大肆吃喝，浪费食物的现象提出一些让大家节约食物的建议，毕竟浪费食物就是浪费生产它们的土地、水和能源。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。结合语境可知，此处特指前文提到的large meals，所以应用复数形式，故填feasts。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词。此处应用形容词修饰名词resource，故填natural。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查连接词。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，且意为“东西”，指物，应用指物的连接代词，故填what。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。此处特指你厨房里的所有食物，应用定冠词，故填the。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动名词。此处应用head的动名词形式作为介词before的宾语，故填heading。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查比较级。结合上下文可知，此处意为“开始一个不那么浪费的假期”，less wasteful“不那么浪费的”，故填less。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查语态。主语who和invite之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，又will后接动词原形，故填be invited。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词use，故填wisely。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查介词。结合上下文可知，此处意为“把它们当作基本原料来用”，use…as…“把……当作……来用”，故填as。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：要常常记住：当你扔掉食物时，你也扔掉了用来生产食物的土地、水和能源。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应填不定式表目的，use…to do“用……来做……”，故填to produce。‎ ‎【点睛】第3小题考查宾语从句连接词。确定宾语从句连接词一般分为三步：分析从句成分；联系上下文确定从句意义是否完整；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：‎ 分析从句成分：从句 ___3___ you already have.缺少主语 联系上下文确定从句意义是否完整：从句意为“你已经拥有的东西”，故应用指物的连接代词 考虑特殊情况：无 故填what 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)‎ 第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A), 并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ - 28 -‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ One afternoon in early spring, I catch sight of a poster in my community reading, ''Green Community, Beautiful Home''. Having listened the social workers' introduction, I found this activity quite interestingly and decided take part.‎ That Sunday, my neighbors gathered for an activity. Since my mom liked flowers, so we chose to Chinese roses. Together with my parents, I careful planted the flowers. Days later, I was surprised to see many photo of us planting flowers post on the wall. My neighbors and I discussed what to take care of the plants. Look after plants has now become part of my life.‎ ‎【答案】1. catch → caught ‎2. interestingly → interesting ‎ ‎3. decided后添加to ‎ ‎4. an → the ‎5. 去掉chose后的to ‎6. careful → carefully ‎7. photo → photos ‎8. post → posted ‎9. what → how ‎10. Look → Looking ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和邻居一起参加“绿化社区，美丽家园”活动的故事。‎ ‎【详解】1. 考查时态。根据上文的One afternoon可知本文讲述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故将catch改为caught。‎ ‎2. 考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作为activity的补语，故将interestingly改为interesting。‎ ‎3. 考查固定短语。此处考查短语decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，故在decided后加to。‎ ‎4. 考查冠词。结合上下文可知，此处特指上文I found this activity quite interestingly and decided take part.提到的活动，应用定冠词，故将an改为the。‎ - 28 -‎ ‎5. 考查介词。choose是及物动词，其后直接加宾语，故删除chose后的to。‎ ‎6. 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词planted，故将careful改为carefully。‎ ‎7. 考查名词的数。根据many判断此处用photo的复数形式，故将photo改为photos。‎ ‎8. 考查时态。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，主语photos和post之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故将post改为posted。‎ ‎9. 考查特殊疑问词。结合上下文可知，此处意为“邻居和我讨论了如何照顾这些植物”，故应用how to take care of，故将what改为how。‎ ‎10. 考查动名词。分析句子可知，此处应用动名词作主语，故将Look 改为Looking ‎【点睛】第9小题考查“特殊疑问 + to do”的用法 特殊疑问词who, what, which, when ,where, how后加不定式在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语等，但why后加动词原型，是特例。‎ ‎1.主语e.g. When to start has not been decided.何时动身还未决定。‎ ‎2.宾语e.g. He did not know whether to go there or not.他不知该不该去那。‎ ‎3.表语e.g. The difficulty was how to cross the river.困难在于怎样过河。‎ e.g.The question was where to go.问题是去哪里?‎ ‎4.双宾语e.g. I can tell you where to get this book.我能告诉你从哪搞到这本书。‎ e.g.I asked him how to learn English.我告诉他怎样学好英语.‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Terry来信告知他今秋将来北京学习，并向你询问第18届世界中学生运动会（The 18thGymnasiade）的情况。请结合以下图示给他回电子邮件，并邀请他前来观摩国际赛事、体验泉州文化。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ - 28 -‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.结束语已为你写好。‎ Dear Terry , ‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ I’m looking forward to seeing you then.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Terry,‎ ‎ Knowing that you will study in Beijing this autumn, I feel very happy. Now I will share you some information about The 18th Gymnasiade, which you asked me in your last letter.‎ ‎ The game will be held in Jinjiang, Fujian province, from 18th to 23nd in October, lasting 5 days. And there will be 18 events included, such as swimming, football, basketball and so on, of which football is my favorite. It is assumed that 6000 people will participate. So it will be the greatest one ever held. Besides, some traditional cultural activities will be held, through which you can experience the unique culture of Quanzhou. You are enthusiastically expected to come to watch the game and experience the local culture.‎ ‎ I’m looking forward to seeing you then.‎ Yours,‎ LiHua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ - 28 -‎ 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给笔友Terry写信，向他介绍第18届世界中学生运动会的情况，并邀请他来观摩赛事、体验文化。‎ ‎【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主 结构：总分总 ‎ 要求：‎ 表示欢迎 介绍第18届世界中学生运动会的情况 邀请他前来观摩国际赛事、体验泉州文化 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ be glad to do sth./ take part in/ invite sb. to do sth./share sb. sth./ included/ participate/ be expected to do sth./ look forward to 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. Knowing that you will study in Beijing this autumn, I feel very happy. ‎ ‎2. Now I will share you some information about The 18th Gymnasiade, which you asked me in your last letter.‎ ‎3. The game will be held in Jinjiang, Fujian province, from 18th to 23nd in October, lasting 5 days. ‎ ‎4. And there will be 18 events included, such as swimming, football, basketball and so on, of which football is my favorite. ‎ ‎5. It is reported that 6000 people will participate. ‎ ‎6. So it will be the greatest one ever held. ‎ ‎7. Besides, some traditional cultural activities will be held, through which you can experience the unique culture of Quanzhou. ‎ ‎8. You are enthusiastically expected to come to watch the game and experience the local culture.‎ ‎9. Looking forward to your come.‎ 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）‎ 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…‎ - 28 -‎ 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…‎ 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…‎ 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Now I will share you some information about The 18th Gymnasiade, which you asked me in your last letter.和some traditional cultural activities will be held, through which you can experience the unique culture of Quanzhou. 中which引导定语从句；It is assumed that 6000 people will participate.中that引导主语从句。‎ - 28 -‎ - 28 -‎