【英语】2020届高考英语二轮专题复习冲刺学案（含练习）：特色重组练二 7页

特色重组练二 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·广东模考)We have all been there. In a rush to leave the house we grab our phones ahead out of the door, realizing all too late that the battery is dead because we forgot to plug it into the table cloth. Or perhaps we have not. But this could be in future that scientists hope to explore with electronic sheets that charge our mobile phones, laptops and other equipment by harvesting energy from the world around us.‎ In a step in that direction, scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have created superthin, bendy materials that absorb wireless Internet and other electromagnetic waves in the air and turn them into electricity. The lead researcher, Tomas Palacios, said the breakthrough smoothed the way for energyharvesting covers ranging from table cloths to giant packing for buildings that catch energy from the environment to power sensors and other electronics.‎ Palacios and his colleagues connected a bendy antenna (天线) to a flexible semiconductor (半导体) layer only three atoms thick. The antenna picks up wifi and other radio frequency signals and turns them into a current. This flows into a special semiconductor, where it is changed into a direct electrical current. Researchers have made energyharvesting “rectennas (整流天线)” before, but existing equipment is made from conventional semiconductors which are inflexible, fragile and practically impossible to make in large sheets.‎ The wifi signals can fill an office with more than 100 microwatts of power that is ripe to be collected by energyharvesting equipment. The MIT system has an efficiency (效率) of between 30% and 40%，producing about 40 microwatts when exposed to signals bearing 150 microwatts of power in laboratory tests. “It doesn't sound like much compared with the 60 watts that a computer needs, but you can still do a lot with it，” Palacios said. “You can design a wide range of sensors, for environmental monitoring or chemical and biological sensing, which operate at the single microwatt level.”‎ Medical equipment is another potential application. Because wifi and similar radiofrequency signals pass through people, energyharvesting covers could be applied to implanted sensors to provide them with enough power to send out health data to an outside receiver.‎ ‎　‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?‎ A．The phone. B．The door.‎ C．The sheet. D．The table.‎ 答案：A　指代判断题。上文提到你匆忙拿着手机出门，结果发现手机没电了，因为你忘记把它插入桌布了。故it代指手机。‎ ‎2．What is special about the new breakthrough?‎ A．It can harvest wifi energy.‎ B．It is super thin and flexible.‎ C It can power all the electronics.‎ D．It smoothes the way of receiving signals.‎ 答案：B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“superthin, bendy materials”可知，重大突破就是超薄、灵活。‎ ‎3．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?‎ A．Another energy harvesting equipment.‎ B．The function of the health data receiver.‎ C．Another potential application of the new equipment.‎ D．The way to implant the new equipment into the patient.‎ 答案：C　段落大意题。由主题句“Medical equipment is another potential application.”可知，本段主要讲了新设备的另一个潜在应用。‎ ‎　‎ grab v. 抓住；攫取　battery n. 电池　conventional adj. 符合习俗的，传统的；常见的；惯例的 ‎　‎ 第二段第二句：The lead researcher, Tomas Palacios, said the breakthrough smoothed the way for energyharvesting covers ranging from table cloths to giant packing for buildings that catch energy from the environment to power sensors and other electronics.‎ 译文：首席研究员Tomas Palacios说，这一突破为能源收集罩的发展铺平了道路，包括从桌布到建筑物的巨型包装。这种能源收集罩能从环境中获取能量，并为传感器和其他电子设备提供动力。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句，said后面是一个省略了that的宾语从句。而宾语从句中又含有一个定语从句，由that引导，修饰先行词covers。‎ B ‎(原创题)In 1782, the bald eagle was officially declared the national symbol of the United States. It became the icon that evoked (唤起) patriotism—a feeling of strength and power, of independence and courage. At the time, the population was at an ‎ estimated 100,000 birds.‎ In the 20th century, the population of bald eagles fell to dangerously low levels, leading to fears of extinction. Fortunately, decades of recovery efforts brought the species back from the brink—a witness to the meaningful milestones that can be achieved through effective conservation. ‎ The decline likely began as early as the late 1800s, as both eagle prey and eagles were hunted for the feather trade. By 1960, there were only 400 nesting pairs left in the lower 48.‎ The first eagle protections came from the Bald Eagle Protection Act of 1940, which prohibited the killing or selling of bald eagles. Despite this, populations continued to fall due to the widespread use of DDT in the 1940s and beyond—the pesticide often ending up in rivers, streams and lakes, and gathering in fish tissue. Birds that fed on these fish laid eggs with such thin shells that they cracked during nesting. ‎ In 1967, the bald eagle was listed as “endangered” under the predecessor to the Endangered Species Act—the Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966. The bald eagle was one of the first species to be officially listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) when it was signed in 1973.‎ The 1972 ban on DDT made the eagle's recovery possible. That recovery was greatly sped up by a combination of regulatory restrictions, nesting site protections, and reintroduction programs, which together contributed to a dramatic turnaround for bald eagle populations. ‎ The ESA was a critical driver of all of these efforts. In 1995, the bald eagle's status was reduced from “endangered” to “threatened，” with an estimated 4,700 nesting pairs occurring in the lower 48 states. A little over a decade later, in 2007, the species was delisted with an estimated 10,000 nesting pairs. ‎ In 40 years, the bird saw a 25fold increase in its population. The ESA helped save the most iconic bird in the United States.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。拯救濒危珍稀野生动物，我们一直在行动！那么在本篇文章中又有哪一种珍贵的野生动物被成功救助了呢？‎ ‎4．When did Americans first protect bald eagles officially?‎ A．In 1910. B．In 1940.‎ C．In 1782. D．In 1967.‎ 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，在1940年，美国人开始正式保护秃鹰。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “they” refer to?‎ A．The fish. B．Thin shells.‎ C．Eggs. D．Bald eagles. ‎ 答案：C　指代判断题。根据画线词前面的“Birds that fed on these fish laid eggs with such thin shells”可知，这里的they指的是前面提到的eggs，指它们吃了DDT之后，鸟蛋的皮比较薄，因此鸟蛋容易坏，从而造成它们繁殖数量的下降。‎ ‎6．How did the ESA help save the eagles?‎ A．Building nesting sites for eagles.‎ B．Setting up special conserves for eagles.‎ C．Prohibiting the killing or selling of eagles.‎ D．Forbidding the use of DDT. ‎ 答案：D　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，ESA通过禁止使用DDT而帮助秃鹰物种免于灭绝。‎ ‎7．How many laws are there about the eagles?‎ A．1. B．2.‎ C．3. D．4.‎ 答案：D　推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，共有4项法律法规是关于保护秃鹰的。‎ ‎　‎ national symbol 国家象征　patriotism 爱国主义；爱国精神　brink n. 边缘，初始状态　milestone n. 重大事件，里程碑 ‎　‎ 第四段最后一句：Birds that fed on these fish laid eggs with such thin shells that they cracked during nesting.‎ 译文：以这些鱼为食的鸟产下的蛋壳非常薄，以至于在筑巢时蛋壳会裂开。‎ 分析：这是一个主从复合句。本句使用了such ... that ... 句型，句中that引导结果状语从句；另外that fed on these fish是定语从句，修饰先行词birds。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 Crossword puzzles and exercise are just a few of the habits that improve memory best. But to __1__ (true) give your brain a push, you might want to take a simple tip to heart—and it's nothing you learned in school.‎ So far researchers from Waterloo University in Canada __2__ (unvover) what may be the easiest way to improve your memory ever. Their research, recently published in the journal Memory，__3__ (suggest) that reading out loud yourself can increase your recall skills __4__ up to 15%.‎ In the study, scientists asked 95 __5__ (participate) to test four methods for learning __6__ (write) information: reading silently, hearing someone else read, reading ‎ aloud, and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Their results? Participants who read the information out loud showed the best retention (保持) rates—about 15% __7__ (high) in learning speed, in fact.‎ ‎“Say __8__ you want to remember out loud, and you'll have __9__ higher likelihood of remembering it. Yes, it's that simple！” psychologist and study coauthor Colin MacLeod said.‎ So next time you're preparing for a big exam, devote some time to __10__ (read) loud. Trust us, it might make you a genius.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。大声朗读出所要记忆的内容，可以提高记忆效果。‎ ‎1．truly　考查词性转换。修饰动词短语give your brain a push，用副词形式。‎ ‎2．have uncovered　考查动词的时态。句首的so far意为“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用。‎ ‎3．suggests　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。文章用的是一般现在时态。该句的主语是Their research，所以谓语要用第三人称单数形式，故用suggests。‎ ‎4．by　考查介词。大声朗读可以把记忆力最多提高15%。用by表示“增加了或者降低了……”。‎ ‎5．participants　考查词性转换。科学家让95名参与者(participants)测试四种方法。‎ ‎6．written　考查词性转换。written information “书面材料”。‎ ‎7．higher　考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“在学习速度方面要高出15%”，所以用比较级。‎ ‎8．what　考查宾语从句的连接词。连接词在宾语从句中作remember的宾语，所以用what。‎ ‎9．a　考查冠词。have a higher likelihood of ... “更有可能……”。‎ ‎10．reading　考查非谓语动词。“devote ... to ...”中的to是介词，后面接名词或者动词ing形式。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 Last month, my parents asked me to meet my grandparents at highspeed train station with them, but I agreed. I didn't see him for a year. Last year we paid a visit to them, and we invite them to visit the city when we live, for we bought a new house this year, with a room available for them. Seeing us, my grandparents were very happily. In ‎ the following days, I showed them around our cities. Two weeks late, they decided to go home. Mom bought for them new clothes and some typical snacks for their neighbors. They expressed their satisfaction, ask us to go to the hometown more often.‎ 答案：‎ Last month, my parents asked me to meet my grandparents at highspeed train station with them, I agreed. I didn't see for a year. Last year we paid a visit to them, and we them to visit the city we live, for we bought a new house this year, with a room available for them. Seeing us, my grandparents were very . In the following days, I showed them around our . Two weeks ， they decided to go home. Mom bought them new clothes and some typical snacks for their neighbors. They expressed their satisfaction, us to go to the hometown more often.‎ ‎1．at后加the　考查冠词。此处表示说话人都知道的事物，表特指，故在名词前需加定冠词the。‎ ‎2．but→and　考查连词。此处是并列关系，不是转折关系。‎ ‎3．him→them　考查代词。此处指代上文提到的grandparents，是复数名词，故用them。‎ ‎4．invite→invited　考查动词的时态。由时间状语Last year可知，此处谓语动词用一般过去时。‎ ‎5．when→where　考查定语从句的引导词。从句修饰先行词city，是指地点的名词，且引导词在从句中作状语，故用where。‎ ‎6．happily→happy　考查形容词。在be动词后面用形容词作表语。‎ ‎7．cities→city　考查名词。根据语境，作者和家人居住在一个城市，所以用单数。‎ ‎8．late→later　考查副词。two weeks later “两周之后”。‎ ‎9．去掉第一个for　考查介词。buy sb. sth.或者 buy sth. for sb.“为某人买东西”，此处for多余。‎ ‎10．ask→asking　考查非谓语动词。此处ask和其逻辑主语They为主动关系，表示伴随，故用现在分词。‎ Ⅳ.书面表达 假设你是学生李华，你需要设计一份英语社团纳新的海报，你想请外籍教师Tom帮助策划。请根据提示，用英语给Tom写一封求助信。内容要点：‎ ‎1．求助事由；‎ ‎2．希望指导；‎ ‎3．感谢帮助。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Tom，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[精彩范文]‎ Dear_Tom，‎ I'm writing to ask you for advice, hoping that you will do me a favor.‎ As you know, participating in school societies will add pleasure to our school life. So every year we hold an activity, appealing to new members to join a variety of student societies. What I should do now is to put up attractive posters, to recruit new members to the English club. ‎ I've been told that no one else can design a better poster than you. Would you please do me the favor to help design the poster? If you agree, I will come to your office at the time most convenient to you.‎ I'd appreciate it if you'd offer me a hand. Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua