浙江省长兴、余杭、缙云三校2021届高三模拟英语试题（含听力） Word版含解析 28页

2021 年浙江省长兴、余杭、缙云三校模拟考试 英语试题卷 全卷共 8 页，满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别 填写在试卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 2．答题不能答在试题卷上。选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用 黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔书写，字体要工整，笔迹要清楚。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节：（共 5 个小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18. 答案是 B。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is Joey doing now? A. Making a pudding. B. Playing a video game. C. Decorating a Christmas tree. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Are you playing the video game, Joey? Come on and help me decorate the Christmas tree. M: I’ll be right there as soon as I finish making the pudding, Mom. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How will the speakers go to Hangzhou? A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Take a train to Hangzhou would be exhausting. Why don’t we just make a flight booking? W: But I want to enjoy the scenery along the way. I can borrow my dad’s car. I’ll drive! M: Hmm, I’m not against that. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the weather like now? A. Warm. B. Hot. C. Cold. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: I think I’m getting a cold. W: You have stayed in this air-conditioned room for too long. Just go out and catch some fresh air. M: Are you kidding? The sun is burning everything out there. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the woman look unhappy? A. She has to work overtime. B. She can’t go to the movies. C. She doesn’t feel well. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Oh, why do you still have the long face? I don’t want to work overtime, either. I promise I’ll go to the movies with you next time, okay? W: No, it’s not like that. My belly… Excuse me, but I have to use the toilet now. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers probably talking about? A. A scenic spot. B. A painting. C. A photo. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Oh, my. Look at the light, the cloud, and the sunflowers. They look so real. I mean, for a moment I thought it was a photo. M: Yeah. I bought it from a real good artist. 第二节：（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What edition of the book should the man read? A. The second edition. B. The third edition. C. The fourth edition. 7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Professor and student. B. Classmates. C. Librarian and reader. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Look! I’ve got a used copy of the physics book for half price at the secondhand bookstore. W: Let me see. The third edition? M: Yeah. Well, uh… Isn’t it the one Professor Wang said we’re supposed to be reading? W: Brian, I’m sure what he said is the fourth edition. M: What? Oh no. My mind must have been drifting when he said that. W: Hmm… Why not return your book and borrow the one you really need in the library? I mean, I got mine in the City Library. M: Okay. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What injury is Mike suffering now? A. A broken leg. B. A broken arm. C. A head injury. 9. Why did the accident happen to Mike probably? A. He got distracted. B. He ran a red light. C. He drove too fast. 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a hospital. B. In an office. C. In a police station. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Mike’s computer hasn’t been turned on. Hasn’t he come yet? M: I was just about to tell you that. His car crashed into the rear of a truck and he’s in hospital now. W: What? Is he okay? M: Well, lucky for him, no broken arms or legs. Only a small injury to his head. W: I’ve always told him not to drive so fast. He is so impatient. Did he try to run a red light again this time? M: Not really. He said he was reading a text on his cellphone, and when he saw the truck, it was already too late for him to respond. W: He’ll have enough time to respond to police questions. Anyway, let’s just go through the sales report without him. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What does the man want to do at the beginning? A. To know the class schedule. B. To have a registration form. C. To get a student discount. 12. What worries the man about the classes? A. The expensive cost. B. The inconvenient time. C. The crowded classroom. 13. What will the woman talk about next? A. The coaches. B. The location. C. The exercise equipment. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, I understand there are fitness classes for students, and I’m a little curious about the schedule. W: Sure. The school provides fitness classes weekdays from 6:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. Free of charge, of course. M: Good. Do I have to register? W: No, but a student ID card is a must. M: Okay. Will there be enough room for students to move around freely? I mean, I wouldn’t want to work out in a jammed place. W: Don’t worry. The classes take place at the Elizabeth Hall. It can accommodate up to 500 students. But the average turnout is only around 100. Oh, the Student Union has invited some professional coaches to provide guidance this month. You wouldn’t want to miss it. M: Alright. And what about the exercise equipment there? W: Well, you can use… 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. Where did the woman find the bug at first? A. On the wall. B. On the floor. C. On her desk. 15. What does the woman think of bugs? A. Lovely. B. Scary. C. Helpful. 16. What percentage of British crops depend on insect pollination (授粉)? A. 30%. B. 40%. C. 75%. 【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Ah! There’s a bug on the wall! Oh, no! It has jumped on the floor and is now moving toward my desk! Help me crush it! M: Oh, what a lovely little creature. Chill out. It causes no harm as long as you leave it be. Besides, insects are helpful. W: What? They are horrible! Bugs always make my hair stand on end! Helpful? How? M: Well, do you know what pollen is? W: You mean the fine powder produced by flowers? Yeah. It fertilizes other flowers of the same species so that they produce seeds. But how does that have anything to do with bugs? M: Because insects play a crucial part in the transfer of pollen among flowers, and three-quarters of our crops in the UK depend on this. W: Okay, but… Ahhh, it has jumped on my foot! Ahhh! 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Who is Bryan Lynn? A. An English teacher. B. A radio host. C. A food magazine editor. 18. What do we know about the white potato? A. It came from Peru. B. It has a history of 700 years. C. It’s a special type of potato. 19. What does a meat-and-potatoes kind of person prefer? A. Fancy goods. B. Simple things. C. Complex emotions. 20. What can be described as a “hot potato”? A. A troublesome thing. B. An important thing. C. An attractive thing. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, I’m Bryan Lynn. Now you’re listening to the English learning program, Words and Their Stories. Today we are going to talk about potatoes. Potatoes have been around for a very long time. In the food magazine Bon Appétit, Sam Dean writes about the beginnings of the potato. He explains that the common white potato came from Peru at least 7,000 years ago. These days, most countries use a type of potato in their cooking. For people who like meat, you have not lived until you have eaten a baked potato covered with melted cheese and crispy bacon. And speaking of meat on top of potatoes, we do have an expression related to it: meat-and-potatoes. If someone is a meat-and-potatoes kind of person, they prefer simple life. They are not interested in fancy goods, complex emotions or things alike. Okay, as you know, a cooked potato can stay hot for a long time, and therefore comes the expression “hot potato”. When you describe something as a “hot potato”, you’re saying it’s difficult to deal with and you want to get rid of it as soon as possible, because it’s “too hot to hold”. We also have “small potatoes”, which means unimportant people or things. But, we do not say “big potatoes” for important ones. English is funny that way! That’s today’s Words and Their Stories. Have a nice day! 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节：（共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Holmes had taken out his watch, and as minute followed minute without result, an expression of the utmost annoyance and disappointment appeared upon his features. He bit his lip, drummed his fingers upon the table, and showed every other symptom of acute intolerance. So great was his emotion that I felt sincerely sorry for him, while the two detectives smiled derisively (嘲弄地), by no means displeased at this check which he had met. “It can't be a coincidence,” he cried, at last springing from his chair and pacing wildly up and down the room. “It is impossible that it should be a mere coincidence. The very pills which I suspected in the case of Drebber are actually found after the death of Stangerson. And yet they are inert (惰性的). What can it mean? Surely my whole chain of reasoning cannot have been false. It is impossible! And yet this wretched dog is none the worse. Ah, I have it! I have it!” With a perfect shriek of delight he rushed to the box, cut the other pill in two, dissolved it, added milk, and presented it to the terrier (梗犬). The unfortunate creature's tongue seemed hardly to have been moistened in it before it gave a convulsive shiver in every limb, and lay as rigid and lifeless as if it had been struck by lightning. Sherlock Holmes drew a long breath, and wiped the sweat from his forehead.“I should have more faith,”he said,“I ought to know by this time that when a fact appears to be opposed to a long train of deductions, it uncertainly proves to be capable of bearing some other interpretation. Of the two pills in that box, one was of the most deadly poison, and the other was entirely harmless. I ought to have known that before ever I saw the box at all.” This last statement appeared to me to be so startling that I could hardly believe that he was in his sober senses. There was the dead dog, however, to prove that his conjecture (推测) had been correct. It seemed to me that the mists in my own mind were gradually clearing away, and I began to have a dim, vague perception of the truth. 21. Judging by Holmes’ facial expressions from the first paragraph, he appeared to be _______. A. impatient B. worried C. amazed D. satisfied 22. When are the very pills actually found according to the third paragraph? A. On arriving on the spot. B. When testing the dog. C. After the death of Stangerson. D. After Holmes’ thinking for so long. 23. How did Holmes prove his own conjecture from the third and fourth paragraphs? A. By taking the pills. B. By sending for others to test the pills. C. By testing himself. D. By doing the experiment with the dog. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇小说节选。文章讲述了 Holmes 用猎犬来做实验从而证明自己的猜想的小 说片段。 【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Holmes had taken out his watch, and as minute followed minute without result, an expression of the utmost annoyance and disappointment appeared upon his features. ”（Holmes 掏出了表，时间一分钟一分钟地过去，没有结果，他的 脸上显出一种极度烦恼和失望的表情。）可知，Holmes 的表情是极度烦恼和失望的，并且看 了很多次手表，说明他很没有耐心。故选 A。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“The very pills which I suspected in the case of Drebber are actually found after the death of Stangerson. ”（我怀疑 Drebber 身上的那些药丸，实际上是在 Stangerson 死后找到的。）可知，那些药丸实际上是在 Stangerson 死后找到的。故选 C。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“With a perfect shriek of delight he rushed to the box, cut the other pill in two, dissolved it, added milk, and presented it to the terrier (梗犬). The unfortunate creature's tongue seemed hardly to have been moistened in it before it gave a convulsive shiver in every limb, and lay as rigid and lifeless as if it had been struck by lightning.”（他高兴地尖叫了一声，冲到盒子前，把另一粒药切成两半，溶解了它，加了牛 奶，递给了小猎狗。这不幸的家伙的舌头似乎还没浸湿，就四肢抽搐地颤抖起来，僵硬地躺 在那里，像被闪电击中了一样，毫无生气。）可知，Holmes 是通过用小猎犬做实验来证明他 的猜想的。故选 D。 B When the island of Singapore became an independent country in 1965, it had few friends and even fewer natural resources. How did it become one of the world’s great trading and financial centres? The strategy, explained Lee Kuan Yew, its first prime minister, was “to develop Singapore’s only available natural resource: its people”. Today Singapore’s education system is considered the best in the world. The country consistently ranks at the top of the OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), a triennial test of 15-year-olds in dozens of countries, in the main three categories of maths, reading and science. Singaporean pupils are roughly three years ahead of their American peers in maths. Singapore does similarly well in exams of younger children, and the graduates of its best schools can be found scattered around the world’s finest universities. The island-state has much to teach the world. But other countries are reluctant pupils. One reason is that Singapore favors traditional education, with teachers leading the class. That contrasts with many reformers’ preference for looser, more “progressive” teaching intended to encourage children to learn for themselves. Although international studies suggest that direct instruction is indeed a good way of conveying knowledge, critics argue that Singapore has a “drill and kill” model that produces uncreative, miserable maths expert. Parents worry about the stress the system puts on their children. Yet Singapore shows that academic brilliance need not come at the expense of personal skills. In 2015 Singaporean students also came first in a new PISA ranking designed to look at co-operative problem-solving, scoring even better than they did in reading and science. They also reported themselves to be happy—more so than children in Finland, for instance, a country that educationalists regard as an example of how to achieve remarkable results with cuddlier (逗人喜 爱的) methods of teaching. Not content with its achievements, Singapore is now introducing reforms to improve creativity and reduce stress. This is not a sign of failure, but rather of a gradual, evidence-led approach to education reform—the first of three lessons that Singapore offers the rest of the world. 24. What made Singapore become one of the world’s great trading and financial centres? A. Its unique location. B. Its people. C. Other country’s help. D. Its technology. 25. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. American peers are three years ahead of Singaporean pupils in maths. B. Other countries are modelling after Singapore’s loose teaching method. C. Singapore is performing educational reforms to improve creativity and reduce stress . D. Singapore is an example of how to get brilliant results with cuddlier methods of teaching. 26. What is the passage mainly about? A. Singapore ’s development. B. Singapore ’s financial centre. C. Singapore’s advanced education system. D. Singapore ’s academic performance. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. C 【解析】 本文为一篇说明文。新加坡逐渐发展成为贸易和金融中心靠的是人才，介绍了新加坡先进的 教育。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “How did it become one of the world’s great trading and financial centres? The strategy, explained Lee Kuan Yew, its first prime minister, was “to develop Singapore’s only available natural resource: its people”.（它是如何成为世界上最大的贸易和金 融中心之一的？新加坡首任总理李光耀解释说，这一战略是“发展新加坡唯一可用的自然资 源：人才。）可知，新加坡的发展靠的是人才。故选 B。 【25 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 最 后 一 段 “Not content with its achievements, Singapore is now introducing reforms to improve creativity and reduce stress. This is not a sign of failure, but rather of a gradual, evidence-led approach to education reform—the first of three lessons that Singapore offers the rest of the world.”（新加坡不满足于自己的成就，现在正在引入改革，以提高创造 力和减少压力。这并不是失败的标志，而是渐进的、循证的教育改革方法——新加坡向世界 其他地区提供的三个经验教训中的第一个。）可知，新加坡改革教育方法以提高创造力和减 轻压力。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段中讲述了新加坡的发展靠的是人才。在接下来的段落中讲述新加坡 依靠教育发展人才。所以本文主要介绍的是新加坡先进的教育。故选 C。 C Fire ants dig tunnels efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most of the work. Free-loaders just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get things done. But might freeloaders actually be necessary for society to function efficiently? The answer could be yes. Fire ants are highly social organisms. So, Goldman, a physicist at Georgia Tech, and his colleagues wanted to know how individual ants knew what to do without a central leader issuing orders. To find out, Goldman's team labeled individual fire ants with paint and then watched them dig their narrow tunnels —barely wide enough for two workers. Turns out, just 30 percent of the ants did 70 percent of the labor. “I was surprised that we ended up with so few workers actually doing the work at any one time. ” A quarter of the ants never even entered the tunnel. Others crawled inside, but left without digging single grain of dirt. These idling behaviors ensured the tunnels did not get clogged with insect traffic, which would make the construction process stop. And when the scientists removed the five hardest working ants from the colony, others immediately jumped in to compensate (补偿) — with no reduction in the group's productivity. It seems that it doesn’t matter which ants are working or freeloading at a given time, as long as there is some division of labor to keep the tunnels flowing smoothly. The findings are in the journal Science. The study could have implications for robotics. Imagine groups of robots sent to search rubble (碎石) for disaster survivors. Or nanobots (纳米机器人) coursing through our bodies to diagnose illness and deliver targeted medical treatment. Such robot groups will need to avoid getting jammed up in tight spaces. It might be necessary to program them so some just sit back and watch their comrades work. 27. How do fire ants get the work done when digging tunnels? A. Only the leaders do most of the work. B. They all work under the order of one leader. C. They all cooperate together to do the work efficiently. D. Individual fire ants know their tasks and work efficiently. 28. The underlined word “clogged ” in the second paragraph can be replaced by _______. A. crowded B. transported C. organized D. covered 29. What will happen if the hardest-working ants are taken away? A. The ants will have no idea what to do. B. Other ants will take their place and do the work. C. The tunnels will get blocked and the work will stop. D. The leader will compensate them and give them food as the reward. 30. We can learn from the passage that _______. A. fire ants are the most diligent insects. B. scientists may diagnose illness more easily. C. people may feel happy when they watch their colleagues do nothing. D. scientists can deal with robotics better when coming to specific programs. 【答案】27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，研究发现，火蚁群体的生产力高，在挖掘洞穴的过程中，只有一少部分 参与其中，而其他火蚁不作为。这一发现可以应用于机器人技术。 【27 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一自然段“Fire ants dig tunnels efficiently by only a small percentage of the group doing most of the work. Free-loaders just sit around while their hard-working colleagues get things done.(火蚁只靠一小部分来高效地挖掘地道，而这一部分火蚁做着大部分的工作。大 部分火蚁只是坐在那里，而主要靠它们的辛勤工作的同伴完成工作)”由此可知，火蚁的挖 掘工作只是由少部分火蚁完成的，并且效率很高，大部分的火蚁却什么都不做。故此题选 D。 【28 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据所猜词的前一句“Others crawled inside, but left without digging single grain of dirt.(其他的火蚁爬进去了，但没有挖一粒土就离开了)”以及后面的定语从句“which would make the construction process stop(这会让建设过程停止)”可知，这样做的目的是为了 让挖掘顺利进行下去，不让洞穴发生交通堵塞。由此推断出“clogged”的意思是堵塞、拥 挤。A. crowded 拥挤；B. transported 运输；C. organized 组织 D. covered 覆盖。故此题选 A。 【29 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三自然段第一句“And when the scientists removed the five hardest working ants from the colony, others immediately jumped in to compensate — with no reduction in the group's productivity(当科学家们把这五只工作最努力的蚂蚁从蚁群中移走后，其他蚂蚁 立即跳出来进行补偿，而群体的生产力却没有下降)”可知，当工作最认真的火蚁被移走后， 其他的火蚁会立刻补上，从而保证生产顺利进行。故此题选 B。 【30 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The study could have implications for robotics(这项研究可 能会对机器人学产生影响)”和所举的“search rubble for disaster survivors(在碎石中搜寻灾 难幸存者)”和“diagnose illness and deliver targeted medical treatment(诊断疾病并提供有针 对性的治疗)”的事例可知，对火蚁的研究成果将运用到机器人的具体的项目之中。然后根 据“Such robot groups will need to avoid getting jammed up in tight spaces. It might be necessary to program them so some just sit back and watch their comrades work.(这样的机器人群体需要 避免在狭小的空间里被卡住。可能有必要对他们进行规划，让一些人坐下来看着其他人工 作)”可知，运用火蚁的研究的成果，可以将机器人的工作进行优化。由此可以推断出，科 学家将火蚁的研究成果运用到机器人的具体项目中，可以更好地处理机器人技术。故此题选 D。 第二节：（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Tips of travelling cheaply Thinking about an overseas trip but concerning you might make a less worthy choice because you can’t afford to visit all the places on your wish list before you make your final decision? ___31___ With a dash of wit, you can travel the world cheaply. ___32___ Walk on the streets of a city, stop and chat with a local, or even climb to the top of a hill and watch the sun set over the ocean. The simple joy of being in a new place is just a matter of going someplace new. No tour package required. Keep your needs to a minimum .People need fresh air, exercise, creative stimulation, companionship and self-esteem, etc. ___33___ For fresh air, go outside. For exercise, take a walk. For creative stimulation, go somewhere new. For companionship, make a friend. For self-esteem, turn off your TV, breathe deep and open your spirit to the basic goodness of the world. Go slow. If you live in New York and want to take a two-week vacation to Africa, it will be very difficult to travel for free. Time is not money. Time is free. Instead of buying a place ticket, take a train or bus, or just hop on your bike and ride away from town. ___34___ Try to get your accommodation for free or next-to-nothing. Find kind souls around the world who agree to offer an extra bedroom, couch，or corner of the floor to travelers in exchange for the same kindness when they visit your town. ___35___ It works best if your home is in a locale someone wants to visit and if your dates coincide. A. Embrace the simple joy of travel. B. The slower you travel, the less money you will spend. C. Things like air and water are much cheaper once you get outside. D. All of these things are simple to obtain and most of them are free. E. Just because you 've little money doesn't mean you have to stay at home . F. This scheme involves trading homes for an agreed–upon amount of time. G. If you can do what needs to be done around the house, then you stay for free. 【答案】31. E 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以便宜地环游世界的方法。 【31 题详解】 根据上文 “Thinking about an overseas trip but concerning you might make a less worthy choice because you can’t afford to visit all the places on your wish list before you make your final decision? ”(考虑出国旅行，但顾虑到在你做出最后决定之前，你没有能力去参观你愿望清 单上的所有地方，你可能会做出一个不太值得的选择?)再结合后文 “With a dash of wit, you can travel the world cheaply ”(用一点独创性，你可以便宜地环游世界)可知，设空句属于过 渡句，结合上文提到负担不起游览所有的地方，后文则提到可以便宜地环游世界，可知缺钱 不一定会影响你的旅行计划符合题意。故 E 选项意为缺钱并不一定意味着你必须呆在家里， 符合语境，故选 E。 【32 题详解】 根据后文 “Walk on the streets of a city, stop and chat with a local, or even climb to the top of a hill and watch the sun set over the ocean. The simple joy of being in a new place is just a matter of going someplace new. No tour package required. ”(走在城市的街道上，停下来和当地人聊 天，甚至爬到山顶看太阳在海上落下。身在一个新地方的简单快乐，其实就是去一个新的地 方。不需要旅行团)。可知，本段主要说明的是享受旅行中简单的快乐，后文中“The simple joy”与 A 选项中“the simple joy”相对应。故 A 选项“拥抱旅行中简单的快乐”符合语境， 故选 A。 【33 题详解】 根据上文“People need fresh air, exercise, creative stimulation, companionship and self-esteem, etc.”（人们需要新鲜的空气、锻炼、创造性的刺激、友谊和自尊等等)可知，本句总结上文， 对上文提到的新鲜的空气、锻炼、创造性的刺激、友谊和自尊这些东西进行总结，D 选项中 的 All of these things 指 代 的 就 是 上 文 提 到 的 fresh air, exercise, creative stimulation, companionship and self-esteem, etc，故 D 选项“所有这些东西都很容易 获得，而且大部分都是免费的”符合语境，故选 D。 【34 题详解】 根据上文“Go slow. If you live in New York and want to take a two-week vacation to Africa, it will be very difficult to travel for free. Time is not money. Time is free. Instead of buying a place ticket, take a train or bus, or just hop on your bike and ride away from town.”(慢下来。如果你住 在纽约，想用两周的假期去非洲旅行，要免费旅行是很难的。时间不是金钱。时间是免费的。 与其买飞机票，不如坐火车或公共汽车，或者干脆骑自行车离开城镇)可知，设空句为本段 最后一句，总结全段，结合本段主要说明得是慢一些旅行，上文中“slow”可与 B 选项中 “The slower”相对应。故 B 选项“你走得越慢，你花的钱就越少”符合语境，故选 B。 【35 题详解】 根据上文“Try to get your accommodation for free or next-to-nothing. Find kind souls around the world who agree to offer an extra bedroom, couch ， or corner of the floor to travelers in exchange for the same kindness when they visit your town.”(尽量免费或几乎不花钱就得到你 的住宿。在世界各地寻找善良的人，他们愿意为旅行者提供卧室、沙发或地板角落作为交换， 当他们去参观你的城市时，你也会有同样的善举)。以及后文“It works best if your home is in a locale someone wants to visit and if your dates coincide.”(如果你的家在别人想去的地方，而 且你们的约定时间正好吻合，那就最好了)可知，本段主要说明的是旅行中的住宿问题，结 合后文提到你的家在别人想去的地方，可推知本句是在提议交换住宿。故 F 选项意为这个 计划包括在商定的时间内交换住宿，符合语境，故选 F。 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节：（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 People have been saying great things about my dad ___36___.They keep telling me that my dad is a ___37___ because of his job. My dad is a surgeon and like many other doctors in China, he ___38___ to go to Wuhan to care for patients there. But the hospital ___39___ he works only kept him stayed to make sure that local patients are still able to receive regular treatment. So my dad just follows his ___40___ routine, analyzing patients’ diseases and ___41___chest operations. With all kinds of compliments toward my dad, I become ___42___. My dad has been a doctor long before the ___43___ of COVID-19, why has no one else praised him as a hero before? Didn’t he ___44___ such compliments when this disease wasn’t around? When we talk about heroes, what kind of ___45___ often jumps into our minds? War leaders who conquered everything that stood ___46___? Historic characters who ruled a strong kingdom? Or our dear movie stars: the Avengers? Well, they are indeed heroes, and they made marvelous achievements. However, are the___47___ of heroes just prepared for these so-called “supermen” and “superwomen”? I don’t think so. Heroes ___48___ our real lives. They can be seen and they are mortal, just like you and me. Now many streets of Chinese cities are almost ___49___; the schools are closed and the shops are shut. But in this world, some things remain ___50___ If there’s a fire, just call 119, and you know that the firefighters will be there ___51___ minutes. If you happen to go out on the road, you’ll come across police officers waving their flags to direct the traffic. ___52___, in hospitals, from doctors to nurses, cleaners to security guards, these people still ___53___ their jobs, doing the same services as they ever did. The reason why they are still dedicated(有奉献精神的) is not a ___54___ for compliments, but out of a willingness for their duty. These people, who are or were dedicating themselves to the job, do not need to be ___55___ as heroes just for now because they are heroes all the time . 36. A. latter B. lately C. late D. last 37. A. soldier B. nurse C. guard D. hero 38. A. opposed B. afforded C. considered D. offered 39. A. that B. which C. where D. what 40. A. average B. normal C. common D. ordinary 41. A. performing B. inspecting C. receiving D. studying 42. A. inspired B. confused C. involved D. moved 43. A. outbreak B. output C. outcome D. breakthrough 44. A. acquire B. deserve C. get D. achieve 45. A. image B. memory C. imagination D. description 46. A. across the way B. on the way C. by the way D. in the way 47. A. pages B. qualities C. pictures D. admirers 48. A. belong to B. work on C. exist in D. result in 49. A. clear B. crowded C. empty D. narrow 50. A. unexpected B. unchanged C. unbelievable D. uncontrollable 51. A. beyond B. for C. over D. within 52. A. Eventually B. Fortunately C. Similarly D. Apparently 53. A. stick to B. hold to C. insist on D. count on 54. A. ambition B. capability C. responsibility D. desire 55. A. accepted B. adapted C. praised D. advocated 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. B 41. A 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. C 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了我的爸爸是一名外科医生，主动请缨支援武汉的时候被留 在原来的医院，为了保证当地病人能够接受常规的治疗。当我面对铺天盖地对医生的英雄赞 歌时，我却认为英雄亦凡人，凡人皆英雄。对于那些一直在自己的工作岗位上奉献的人，我 们不应该只在当下为他们送上赞美，因为他们一直都是英雄。 【36 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最近大家都在称赞我爸爸。A. latter 后者的；B. lately 最近；C. late 迟，晚；D. last 最后，最终。根据后文“They keep telling me that my dad is a 2 because of his job.”可知，最近大家都在称赞作者爸爸。故选 B。 【37 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一直告诉我，我爸爸因为他的工作是一个英雄。A. soldier 士兵；B. nurse 护士；C. guard 门卫；D. hero 英雄。根据后文“why has no one else praised him as a hero before?”可知，此处指大家称赞作者父亲是一个英雄。故选 D。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸是一名外科医生，和其他的中国医生一样，他主动请缨支 援武汉。A. opposed 反对；B. afforded 承担得起；C. considered 考虑；D. offered 提供。根据 下文“But the hospital 4 he works only kept him stayed to make sure that local patients are still able to receive regular treatment.”可知上文表示的是我爸爸主动提出要去支援武汉，故 选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：但他工作的医院只让他留下，以确保当地病人仍能接受常规治疗。分 析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是 the hospital，指地点，关系词 在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词 where 引导定语从句。故选 C。 【40 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我爸爸和以往一样，依旧在自己的岗位上诊断病情，进行 胸部手术。A. average 平均的；B. normal 正常的；C. common 常见的； D. ordinary 普通 的。根据空后的“analyzing patients’ diseases and 6 chest operations.”可知这是在说明 父亲的日常工作，follows his normal routine 意为“遵循他的常规工作”，故选 B 。 【41 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. performing 做；B. inspecting 检查； C. receiving 收到； D. studying 学习，研究。根据前文“analyzing patients’ diseases ”可知，此处指做手术，需用 动词 perform。故选 A。 【42 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着对我父亲的各种各样的赞美，我变得很困惑。A. inspired 品质优秀的；B. confused 困惑的；C. involved 有关联的；D. moved 感动的。根据后文“why has no one else praised him as a hero before? ”可知，此处作者对父亲得到的赞誉感到困惑。故 选 B。 【43 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：早在 COVID-19 病毒爆发之前，我爸爸就已经是一名医生了，为 什么以前没有人称赞他是英雄呢？A. outbreak 爆发； B. output 输出；C. outcome 结果；D. breakthrough 突破。根据空后“COVID-19”可知，指疾病的爆发需用 outbreak。故选 A。 【44 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种疾病没有爆发时，他不应该得到这样的赞扬吗？A. acquire 获得；B. deserve 应得，值得；C. get 得到；D. achieve 实现。根据上文 why has no one else praised him as a hero before? (为什么之前没有人赞美他是英雄呢？ ) 可知此处承接上文，使用疑问， 加强语气，表示在疫情爆发之前，他也是值得被赞扬的。deserve such compliments 意为“值 得这样的赞扬”，故选 B。 【45 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们谈论英雄时，什么样的形象常常浮现在我们的脑海里？A. image 形象；B. memory 记忆； C. imagination 想象；D. description 描述。根据后文“War leaders who conquered everything that stood 11 ? Historic characters who ruled a strong kingdom? Or our dear movie stars: the Avengers? ”可知，此处说的是英雄的形象。故选 A。 【46 题详解】 考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：战胜一切阻碍的战争领袖？A. across the way 对面；B. on the way 在路上；C. by the way 顺便提下；D. in the way 阻碍。根据空前“ conquered everything that stood”可知，此处指战胜有阻碍的事情。故选 D。 【47 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但难道书写英雄的历史篇章只是为这些“超人”或“女超人”而 准备吗？A. pages 篇章；B. qualities 质量；C. pictures 图片；D. admirers 崇拜者。根据后文 “just prepared for these so-called “supermen” and “superwomen”可知，此处作者说的是书写英 雄的篇章。故选 A。 【48 题详解】 考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：英雄存在于我们的现实生活中。A. belong to 属于；B. work on 从事于；C. exist in 存在于；D. result in 结果是。根据后文“They can be seen and they are mortal, just like you and me.”可知，英雄存在于我们身边。故选 C。 【49 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在中国城市的许多街道几乎空无一人。A. clear 清楚的；B. crowded 拥挤的；C. empty 空的； D. narrow 拥挤的。前文提到新冠疫情来了，所以街上 街道空无一人。故选 C。 【50 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在这个世界上，有些事情是不变的。A. unexpected 出乎意料 的；B. unchanged 不曾改变的；C. unbelievable 难以置信的；D. uncontrollable 无法控制的。 根据后文“If there’s a fire, just call 119, and you know that the firefighters.... If you happen to go out on the road, you’ll come across police officers waving their flags to direct the traffic”可知，虽 然有疫情，但有些事情还是没有改变的。故选 B。 【51 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果发生火灾，就打 119，你知道消防队员几分钟内就到了。A. beyond 超出；B. for 为了；C. over 超过；D. within 在……之内。根据常识可知，拨打 119 后，消防员会在几分钟内赶到现场。故选 D。 【52 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在医院里，从医生到护士，从清洁工到保安，这些人仍然 坚守岗位，做着和以往一样的服务。A. Eventually 最终； B. Fortunately 幸运地； C. Similarly 相似地；D. Apparently 明显地。此处表示医院的情况和前面一样，所以空处需用副 词 similarly。故选 C。 【53 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. stick to 坚持；B. hold to 紧握；C. insist on 坚持；D. count on 指望。根据下文 doing the same services( 做一样的服务 )可知此处表示医院里的这些工作 人员坚持着自己的工作，stick to their jobs 意为“坚守岗位”，符合语境，故选 A 。 【54 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们忠于职守，并不是因为渴望得到赞美，而是出于责任。A. ambition 野心；B. capability 能力；C. responsibility 责任；D. desire 欲望。由后文“ a willingness for”可知，空处需用名词 desire 与之一致。故选 D。 【55 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：对于这些一直在自己的工作岗位上奉献的人，我们不应该 只在当下为他们送上赞美，因为他们一直都是英雄。A. accepted 接受；B. adapted 适应；C. praised 赞扬；D. advocated 提倡。根据后文“ because they are heroes all the time .”可知，此 处指这些不需要当下的赞美，因为他们一直都是英雄。故选 C。 第 II 卷 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 SPACE:THE FINAL FRONTIER “Are we alone? What's out there? ”___56___ (look) up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make ___57___ (vehicle) to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an ___58___ (possible) dream. ___59___, some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream to explore space. On 4 October, 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite ___60___ (launch) by the USSR and ___61___ (success) orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused ___62___ sending people into space, and on 12 April, 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world ___63___ (go) into space. Over eight years later on 20 July, 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong ___64___ (step) onto the moon, famously saying,“That’s one small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind.” Following this, many more goals were achieved. For example, America's NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space, ____65____ it still transmits data today. 【答案】56. Looking 57. vehicles 58. impossible 59. However 60. was launched 61. successfully 62. on 63. to go 64. stepped 65. and 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了历史上苏联和美国相继发射人造卫星，将人送入太空的历 史事件。 【56 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：仰望星空，人们一直想更多地了解太空，而科学家们也在努力寻找 答案。分析句子结构可知 look 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 people 构成主动关 系，故应用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Looking。 【57 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人送入太空，去探索宇宙的秘密。vehicle 为可数名词，前文没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故填 vehicles。 【58 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：20 世纪中期以前，大多数人都认为太空旅行是一个不可能实现的梦想。 修饰后文名词 dream 且表示“不可能的”应用形容词 impossible，作定语。故填 impossible。 【59 题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，一些科学家决心帮助人类实现他们探索太空的梦想。根据前后文语 境可知为转折关系，且由逗号隔开，应用 however。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 However。 【60 题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：1957 年 10 月 4 日，苏联发射了人造地球卫星 1 号，并成功绕地 球轨道运行。根据上文 On 4 October, 1957 可知应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被 动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为 the Sputnik 1 satellite，谓语动词用单数。故填 was launched。 【61 题详解】 考查副词。句意：1957 年 10 月 4 日，苏联发射了人造地球卫星 1 号，并成功绕地球轨道运 行。修饰后文动词 orbit 应用副词 successfully，作状语。故填 successfully。 【62 题详解】 考查介词。句意：后来，苏联专注于把人送入太空，1961 年 4 月 12 日，尤里·加加林成为 世界上第一个进入太空的人。结合句意表示“专注于”可知短语为 focus on。故填 on。 【63 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，苏联专注于把人送入太空，1961 年 4 月 12 日，尤里·加加 林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。分析句子结构可知 go 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此 处名词 person 由序数词 the first 修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填 to go。 【64 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：八年后的 1969 年 7 月 20 日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球， 他的名言是：“这是一个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。”结合上文 on 20 July, 1969 可 知应用一般过去时。故填 stepped。 【65 题详解】 考查连词。句意：例如，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局于 1977 年 9 月 5 日发射了旅行者 1 号 以研究外太空，直到今天它仍在传输数据。根据前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词 and。 故填 and。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节：应用文写作（满分 15 分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Lucy 即将回国，希望你能推荐一款具有中国特色的纪念 品以馈赠亲友。请你给她写封邮件。内容包括： 1．推荐的物品； 2．推荐原因； 3．表达期望。 注意：1．词数 80 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________ 【答案】Dear Lucy, I am so delighted to know that you want to buy some souvenirs with Chinese characteristics. I’m glad to recommend the Chinese brush to you. The Chinese brush, a traditional writing tool dating back to 2000 years ago, is ranked as one of the Four Treasures of the Chinese Study. Frankly speaking, in ancient China, calligraphy and paintings were mostly created with it. As far as I’m concerned, the Chinese brush is a perfect gift for your relatives who are fond of Chinese items. I sincerely hope my advice can be of great benefit to you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友 Lucy 写封邮件，推荐一款具有中国特色的 纪念品以馈赠亲友的建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。 结构：总分法 要求：1．）推荐的物品；2．）推荐原因；3．）表达期望。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） be delighted to know, recommend sth. to sb., date back to , be ranked as , Frankly speaking, As far as I’m concerned, be fond of , be of great benefit . 第三步：连词成句 1.I am so delighted to know that you want to buy some souvenirs with Chinese characteristics. 2.I’m glad to recommend the Chinese brush to you.The Chinese brush, a traditional writing tool dating back to 2000 years ago, is ranked as one of the Four Treasures of the Chinese Study. 3. Frankly speaking, in ancient China, calligraphy and paintings were mostly created with it. 4.As far as I’m concerned, the Chinese brush is a perfect gift for your relatives who are fond of Chinese items. 5.I sincerely hope my advice can be of great benefit to you. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考） 1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly 2.表并列补充关系： Besides 3.表因果关系：As 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] The Chinese brush, a traditional writing tool dating back to 2000 years ago, is ranked as one of the Four Treasures of the Chinese Study.(运用现在分词作定语) [高分句型 2] As far as I’m concerned, the Chinese brush is a perfect gift for your relatives who are fond of Chinese items.(运用定语从句) 第二节：读后续写（满分 25 分） 67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Having held the interschool storytelling championship for the past two years, I was the shining star of my school. When it came to choosing the right candidate to participate in such competitions, I was always the first choice. Naturally, I was once again selected to represent my school in the approaching contest this year. Upon hearing the fact that I was chosen again, my classmates and friends acknowledged that I would undoubtedly emerge as the champion again. Consequently, I became conceited. I was so proud that I neglected the importance of practicing for the contest. A week before the contest, my teacher Ms. Sara asked,“Selena, would you like to stand in front of the class to rehearse for the contest ?” She had tutored me in the past two competitions and knew how important practice was .“Just imagine you are on the stage in the presence of the audience, ”she added . “ I’m sorry, Ms. Sara, ” I replied .“I have a bit of a sore throat.” This was usually the lie I would tell whenever my teacher requested me to practice in front of the class. I always found excuses to avoid doing it because I believed that I was the best and therefore the practice was unnecessary. On one occasion, I even told Mrs. Sara not to worry too much as I was well prepared for the contest. In fact, I did everything but practice my scrip. I only managed to glance briefly through the story the day before the contest. As the best storyteller among the students of the local secondary schools, I was too vain to practice and expected everything to be fine. The contest was being held in the local community hall. On the day of the contest, the hall was packed. My school teachers and principal were there along with many of my classmates and schoolmates. I was the eighth contestant out of twenty in total. Those who spoke before me did extremely well. On seeing their fascinating and outstanding performance, I began to lose confidence in myself. My palms sweated heavily and I started to feel nervous. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2. 至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph1: Soon, it was my turn to talk. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2: Finally, results were announced after the contest. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph1: Soon, it was my turn to talk. Facing the crowd, I found myself suffering from stage fright. I spoke in an expressionless voice and even stuttered a few times as I forgot parts of the story. My legs trembled and so did my voice. On seeing my terrible performance, the judges shook their heads. The supporters from my school looked at me in disappointment. I have never been so embarrassed in my life. In the end I walked off the stage, my eyes filled with tears. Paragraph2: Finally, results were announced after the contest. I did not win any prizes -- not even a consolation one. It was not surprising at all. I felt ashamed when I faced my classmates and of course, Ms. Sara. I regretted underestimating my opponents and overestimating myself. My vanity had cost me the championship. I now regretted being so arrogant. I had learned my lesson well and finally understood the meaning of the two sayings, “Pride goes before a fall.” and “Practice makes perfect!” 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了我狂妄自大地认为自己已经是演讲得最好的人了，甚至是老师在 要求我练习的时候也总是找借口逃避。当我在看到其他参赛选手表现非常出色的时候，开始 着急、担心了。最后通过自己的失败明白了骄兵必败和熟能生巧这些道理。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“很快，就该我上场了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在这次演讲比赛中 的具体表现。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，比赛结束后宣布了比赛结果。”可知，第二段可描写作者在听 到结果后的心情以及领悟到的经验教训。 2.续写线索：上场表演——场上表现——演讲结束——宣布结果——后悔羞愧——领悟感受 3. 词类激活 行为类 ①结结巴巴地说：stutter/ speak without fluency ②低估：underrate/ underestimate ③后悔：regret/awake to one's errors 情感类 ①尴尬：embarrassed/ awkward ②羞愧：ashamed/ humiliating 【点睛】[高分句型 1]. Facing the crowd, I found myself suffering from stage fright.（运用了现 在分词作伴随状语） [高分句型 2]. I felt ashamed when I faced my classmates and of course, Ms. Sara.（运用了 when 引导的时间状语从句）