高考英语作文常用句型(打印版) 24页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 高考英语作文常用句式句型【打印版】 一．开头用语： 良好的开端等于成功的一半．在写作文时，通常以最简单也最常用的方式---开门 见山法。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对这个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。 １．议论论文： A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages． B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient. C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,... D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside. E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life. F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view. 2. 书信： A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar. B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job... C. Thank you for your letter of May 5. D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9. E. How nice to hear from you again. 3. 口头通知或介绍情况： A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcement to make. B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you. C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you. 4. 演讲稿： 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balance Diet and Health. B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest. 二．并列用语： as well as, not only…but (also), including, A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life. B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture. C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French. D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication. 三．对比用语： on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ;for another, nevertheless A. I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures. B. It is hard work; I enjoy it though. C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun. 四. 递进用语： even, besides, what’s more, as for, so…that…, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worse A. The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location. 五. 例证用语： in one’s opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namely A. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 B. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education. 六. 时序用语： first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same time, in the meantime, shortly after, nowadays, A. They will be here soon. Meanwhile, let’s have coffee. B. Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty. 七. 强调用语： especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all , A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep. B What in the world/on earth are you doing? 八. 因果用语： thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of..., owe ...to... A. The company has a successful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales. B. As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance Examinations. 九. 总结用语： in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to all A. Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters. B. In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted. 常用句型 （一）段首句 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to……Some people suggest that …… 2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合 仍然适用。 There is an old saying……It's the experience of our forefathers，however， it 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。 更为糟糕的是……。 Today, …… which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, …… Second,……What makes things worse is that……. 4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。 Nowadays，it is common to ……. Many people like …… because …… Besides，…… 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and …… is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，…… People’s opinions about …… vary from person to person. Some people say that ……To them,…… 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem …… which is becoming more and more serious. 8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 ……has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同 时也引发一些严重的问题。 ……has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很 显然……，但是为什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that……while. Obviously，……but why? （二）中间段落句 1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor of……t the same time，they say…… 2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 But I don't think it is a very good way to solve …….For example，……Worst of all，……. 3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。 而且……，最重要的是…… ……is necessary and important to our country's development and construction. First，……What's more, ……Most important of all,…… 4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can…… 5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面， Confronted with……we should take a series of effective measures to……. For one thing，For another， 6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. ……In addition.……All these measures will certainly……. 7. 为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来 说，……的主要原因是由于…… Why…… The first reason is that ……The second reason is ……The third is…….For all this, the main cause of ……use to ……. 8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ……also has its own disadvantages, such as …… 9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。 Nonetheless, I believe that ……is more advantageous. 10. 完全同意……这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下： I fully agree with the statement that ……because……. （三）结尾句 1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that …… 2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ……Only in this way can ……in the future. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，……，而……。然而，把 这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）…… But ……and……have heir own advantages. For example, …… while…… Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to…… 4. 就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为…… Personally, I believe that…… Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because…… 5. 随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自己的 一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the development of society, ……So it's urgent and necessary to ……If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better. 6. 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能…… For my part, I think it reasonable to…… Only in this way can you…… 7. 对我来说，我认为有必要……。原因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但 同样重要的是…… In my opinion, I think it necessary to……The reasons are as follows. First ……second …… Last but not least,…… 8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而， 就我个人而言，我发现……。 It is difficult to say whether ……is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of…….however, from a personal point of view find…… 9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论…… From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that…… 10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的 不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是…… If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is 常用句型： 开头： When it comes to ..., some think ... 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 There is a public debate today that ... A is a commen way of ..., but is it a wise one? Recentaly the problem has been brought into focus. 提出观点： Now there is a growing awareness that... It is time we explore the truth of ... Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible. 进一步提出观点： ... but that is only part of the history. Another equally important aspect is ... A is but one of the many effects. Another is ... Besides, other reasons are... 提出假想例子的方式： Suppose that... Just imagine what would be like if... It is reasonable to expect... It is not surprising that... 举普通例子： For example(instance),... ... such as A,B,C and so on (so forth) A good case in point is... A particular example for this is... 引用： One of the greatest early writers said ... "Knowledge is power", such is the remard of ... "......". That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise...). "......". How often we hear such words like there. 讲故事 （先说故事主体），this story is not rare. ..., such delimma we often meet in daily life. ..., the story still has a realistic significance. 提出原因： There are many reasons for ... Why .... , for one thing,... 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 The answer to this problem involves many factors. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ... The first reason can be obiviously seen. Most people would agree that... Some people may neglect that in fact ... Others suggest that... Part of the explanation is ... 进行对比： The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of... Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ... Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned. A maybe ... , but it suffers from the disadvantage that... 承上启下： To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see... A study of ... will make this point clear 让步： Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as... I do not deny that A has its own merits. 结尾： From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ... In summary, it is wiser ... In short... • 1. It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population. 一定要指出的是国家 基本政策之一是在提高人口质量的同时控制人口增长。 • 2. It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work. 一定 要记住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。 • 3. It can be seen from this that there is no difficulty in the world we cannot overcome.从这里可看出，世上没有克服不了的困难。 • 5. As is known to us, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。 • 6. It is a common saying that where there is a will ,there is a way.俗话说，有志 者，事竟成。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 • 7. It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day.很难 想象爱迪生每天是怎样工作 20 小时的。 • 8. It‘s hard to say whether the plan is practical.这个计划是否实际很难说。 • 9. There is no doubt that you will be helped by others if you have any difficulties. 毫无疑问，你有困难时，会得到别人的帮助。 • 10. To tell the truth , many mistakes we made could have been avoided.老实说我 们所犯的许多错误本来都能够避免的。 • 11. As we know, it was not until recently that the problem was solved.正如我们 指的的一样，直到最近，这个问题才被解决。 • 13. All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.这显示了 没有事情能够阻挡我们实现目标。 • 14. As far as we know, it took him more than a year to write the book.到目前为 止我们所知道的是，他用了 10 年的时间来写这本书。 • 15. It has been proved that his theory is right.已经证明，他的理论是对的。 • 17. To be frank, whether you like it or not, you have no other choice.老实说，不 论你喜不喜欢，你别无选择。 • 19. We will be successful as long as we insist on working hard.只要我们坚持努 力工作，我们会成功的。 • 21. It is true that we must make our greater efforts; otherwise we cannot catch up with the developed countries.是真的，我们要作出更大的努力，不然/否则，我们不 能赶上发达国家。 • 22. I take it for granted that they will support this idea.我认为他们会支持这个提 议是理所当然的。 • 24. In a certain sense, a successful scientist is a person who is never satisfied with what he has achieved.在某种情况下，一个成功的科学家就是一个绝不满足于自己 已取得的成就的人。 • 25. There is no denying the fact that the new management method has greatly increased the production. 不可否认的事实是，新的管理方法已经极大提高了产量。 • 26. Upon / On hearing the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn‘t say a word. 一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。 • 27, As the saying goes, nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.俗话说，世上无难事，只怕有心人。 • 28. Noting can prevent us from realizing the four modernizations.没有事情可以 阻止我们实现四个现代化。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 • 29. Now in China, more and more families can afford to buy high-grade goods, such as washing machines, TV sets, video-recorders.在今时今日的中国，越来越多 的家庭有能力买高档次的货物，例如洗衣机、电视机和录像机。 • 30. No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it. 不管英语有多么难，你都应该尽你最大的努力来学它。 • 1. The number of visitors has increased year by year. As a result of Reform and Open Policy, the number of them has been increasing greatly each year.游客的数量 逐年递增，由于改革开发政策，游客的数量已经每年大幅增加。 • 2. You will forget your tiredness and build up your health.你会忘记疲劳，建造健 康。 • 3. But sometimes traveling is not an enjoyable thing, for example, the weather can be changeable. You may be caught in the rain and may catch a cold while travelling. 但有时候，旅游不一定是一件令人享受的事，举个例子，天气多变。 你有可能在旅程中被雨淋或着凉感冒。 • 4. The worst thing is that you may have your money stolen and you may have an injury. All these are terrible things which can happen to a tourist.最糟糕的事情事你 的钱可能被偷或者你也能发生意外。所有这些事情都是有可能发生在你身上的。 • 5. you must be careful everywhere and try to avoid accidents.你必须要处处小 心，尽量去避免意外。 • 6．Our factories will try our best to meet the requirements of consumers.我们的 工厂们会尽最大努力来满足顾客们的要求。 • 7.Last Sunday, our class organized some volunteer’s activities, in which all of us took an active part.上个星期天，我们班组织一些志愿活动，我们所有人都参加了。 • 8.These volunteer’s activities can help us to gain some social experience and make good sense of our personal values as well. 这些义务活动能帮我们获取一些 社会经验同时也能帮我们意识到自身的价值。 • 9. Group three helped to raise money in the street for the “Hope Project”, so that more children in poor areas can afford their schooling.第三组帮忙到街上集款给“希 望工程”，以至于有更多的贫困地区的孩子们能读得起书。 • 10. Compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more interesting and lively.与传统的卡片相比，电子卡更有趣和生动。 • 11. In Guangming Middle School, every Sunday afternoon from 2:30 p.m.to 4:30 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 11 p.m., there is an English corner. 在光明中学，每周日下午从 2.30 到 4.30，有一个 英语角。 • 12. Apart from students from Guangming Middle school, the attendants include students from other middle schools or colleges, even doctors and engineers.除了光明 中学的学生之外，参加的人还有其他中学的学生或大学的学生，甚至还有医生和 工程师们。 • 13.All the teachers and the students are expected to be present at the art festival. There is sure to be a lot of fun. Do come and join us.所有的老师和学生都要出席学 校的艺术节。到时肯定很好玩。请务必到场加入我们。 • 14.Although Li Hua was the last one to cross the finishing line, he won the “Courage Cup” with honor. I was deeply touched by Li Hua’s great determination. 虽然李华是最后一个冲线的人，但他赢得了勇气杯。我被李华的坚强意志深深地 感动。 1、学校生活及学习成绩 Be getting on well with one’s study 某人的学习越来越好 take several courses at school 在学校学若干门课程 have English (Chinese, Physics…) every (other )day work hard at … put one’s heart into…专心于;致力于 be interested in … be fond of like chemistry best be good at …; be poor at …; do well in …; be weak in … make progress in …; fail in …’ be tired of …’ pass the examination; give sb. a passing grade; major in history 主修历史 He has the best record in school. 他的成绩最棒。 get a doctor’s degree 获得博士学位 be more interesting to sb. learn about; succeed in…; be active in class (work); take an active part in …; learn… by heart; work out a (maths) problem; improve oneself in …; get 90 marks for (English); get an “A” in the exam; have a good command of… lay a good foundation in (language study) 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 12 2、师生关系 get on well with sb; like to be with students; be gentle with us; be kind to sb; be a strict teacher; be strict with one’s pupils; be strict in work We think of him (her) as …; help sb with sth; praise sb for sth …; blame sb for sth.. give advice on …; question sb on … be satisfied with … correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day; give sb a lot of work; try to teach sb good study habits; make one’s lessons lively and interesting; teach sb. sth.; teach sb to do sth. devote all one’s time to work; admire (sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education 佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。 3、课余活动及周末生活 spend one’s time in many different ways; enjoy doing things by oneself; go swimming; go for an outing; have an outing at (the seashore); see the sights of Beijing; play the piano (violin); play chess (basketball); have a swim; have dances on weekends; have a picnic over the weekend; go to the cinema; have a party; hold a sports meeting; do some reading; help sb do sth; enjoy a family trip; get everything ready for; ride one’s bike with sb.to(the park); There are a lot of activities at (the beach). We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city. She would like to bring sth. to the picnic. It was a very relaxing Sunday. There are good programmes on TV on weekends. 4、彼此沟通信息 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 13 take a message for sb; send a message to sb; hear from sb; talk about/of sth; tell sb to do sth; get information about…; express one’s idea (feelings) in English 用英语表达一个人的思想（感情）; Write sb a letter saying…给某人写信说... ， apologize to sb for… thank you for …; make a speech t at the meeting; explain sth to s; look upon sb as …; think sb to be …; take sb’s side 5、事件中人的态度 would like to do; allow sb to do; keep sb from doing (prevent sb. from doing); call on sb to do; be afraid to do (be afraid of …)； fee like doing; insist on doing; drive sb. off; speak highly of sb; speak ill of sb; think highly of sb; force sb to do; offer to do; refuse to do; agree to do; regret doing; prefer to do A rather than do B; had better do; would rather (not) do. 6、事情过程 have the habit of doing…; have no trouble doing; make up one’s mind to do; prepare sb for …; give up doing…; do sth as usual; do what he wants us to do; set about doing; try one’s best to do…=go all out to do; get into trouble; help sb out; do one’s bit for New China; wait for sb to do; find a way to do; make friends with sb; show (tell) sb. how to do…; take (send) sb to …; I’m trying to find…; I’m afraid we are out of …; pass the time doing; feel a little excited about doing…; can’t help doing…; do some good deeds to people; be prepared for more hard work; Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C. 7、感观活动与思维活动 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 14 look around for …; look up (down) at …; catch sight of …; take a look at …; hear sb do (doing); take notice of …; take view of …; have a good understanding of …; consider sb (sth) to be …; come to know…; realize that …; know that +从句 8、情感与欲望 be pleased with …; be delighted in doing…; take a pleasure in doing; be worried about; feel surprised at … be sorry for …; be angry with sb for sth; be angry about …(为某事生气)； look forward to doing…; wish to do; expect to do; long for (long to do); be sick for one’s home; have a strong desire to do …; 9、健康状况及治疗 be in good shape; be in good (poor )health; feel weak (well, terrible, sick); have got a high (slight ) fever; have a slight (bad) cold; take one’s temperature; have got a pain in …; be good (bad) for one’s health(eyes); It’s nothing serious. stay in bed until…; save one’s life 10、其它 It (take)sb. some time to do…; It is said that …; be fit for; be short of; be well dressed; miss the lecture (train); change…into…; waste time doing; spend time doing; be busy doing; have no choice but to do; I can’t help it. be in need of…; be mistaken about …; fall behind…; catch up with; on behalf of; instead of; be welcome to do…; Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer. Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports. 11、信件开头常用语 You letter came to me this morning. I have received your letter of July the 20th. I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 15 I’m writing to ask if you can come next week. How time flies! It’s three months since I saw you last. Thank you for your letter. In reply to your letter about (the exhibition this year)…; Let me tell you that… 12、信件结尾常用语 Please remember me to your whole family. Give my best regards (wishes) to your mother. Best wishes. With love. Wish you a pleasant journey. Wish you success. Wish you the best of health. (luck) Looking forward to your next visit to China. Looking forward to the pleasure of meeting you. Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible. 13、问路和应答 Go down this street Turn night/left at the first crossing It’s about…meters from here You can’t miss it In front of behind at/a the corner(不用 in) Pass two blocks “游客纷至沓来”这句话，很多学生不能用英语写出“纷至沓来”这个成语，但是可 以用以下几种表达方式： ⑴A large number of visitors come here ⑵There are lots of visitors coming here every day ⑶Many people visit here every day ⑷A lot of people pay a visit here every day 多使用过渡性词语使句子连贯 表列举：for example、for instance、that is to say 表补充：besides、in addition、moreover 表对比：on the one hand…on the other hand in spite of 表原因：because of、thanks to、due to、owing to 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 16 表结果：therefore、thus、as a result、so 表结论：to conclude、in a word、in brief、to sum up 表转折：however、nevertheless、yet 、自然、生态、环境 1．好词 （1）Environmental/water/air/noise pollution （2）Resources exhaustion （3）Wildlife extinction （4）Endangered species （5）Natural habitat （6）Reserve areas （ 7 ） Sand/dust storm （ 8 ） Clear-cutting/deforestation （9）Over fishing （10）Overgrazing （11）Soil erosion （12）Water and soil conservation （13）Desertification （14）Natural disaster （15）Flood threat （16）Fire hazard （17）Storm/tempest （18）Blizzard （19）Drought （20）Famine （21）Disruption of ecological balance（the balance of ecosystem） （22）Eruption of volcanoes （23）Earthquake （24）Avalanche （25）Landslide （26）Hurricane （27）Shortage of water resources （28）Shortage of fresh water （29）Harmful chemicals （30）Poisonous/toxic gases （31）Carbon monoxide （32）Urban smog （33）Industrial waste （34）Hazardous nuclear waste （35）Radioactive pollutants （36）Waste gas sent off from automobiles （37）Car emission standard （38）Non-biodegradable material （39）Throw-away lunchbox （40）Recyclable product （41）Renewable resources （42）Conserve natural resources （43）Plastic bags （44）Greenhouse effect （45）Global warming （46）Acid rain （47）Energy crisis （48）Oil leakage （49）Environment 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 17 awareness （50）Pest rampancy （51）Rescue and relief work （52）Garbage disposal 2．佳句 （1）Pollution is, in fact, threatening our existence. （2）Villagers are as a rule healthier than people who live in towns. One reason for this is that country air is fresher than the air in smoky cities. （3）Most of the noise in the city comes from traffic, factories and construction sites. （4）There is an increasingly loud voice from the public calling for firm action against pollution. （ 5 ） Scientists have warned that unless effective solutions are worked out, the problem of pollution will eventually get out of hand. （6）Many factories discharge enormous harmful chemicals into air and rivers every day. （7）To kill insects, farmers use a large amount of insecticides so as to have a bumper harvest. As a result, they pollute the air, water and land. （8）The gas from car engines is very poisonous. It is a main source of air pollution in cities. （9）Deforestation result in the increase of global temperature and unpleasant change of climate. （10）The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generation. （11）Beijing now has become one of the most polluted cities in the world. Among the 10 cities with the worst air pollution in the world last year, Beijing was the third most polluted city. （12）If the city had not plagued by poor quality air, the annual death rate in Beijing would have been 4 percent lower in past three years, according to the research done jointly by Beijing Medical University and Harvard University. （13）Beijing consumes 2.8 million tons of coal each year, of which 75 percent are low-grade coal. （ 14 ） To make room for those buildings, trees are being cut down, grass plots occupied. Cities look like nothing but grey concrete woods. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 18 （15）Modern cities should be expanding with a certain percentage for green-plant areas. （16）We must begin now to protect our only earth. （17）Almost everything we use daily comes from the land directly or indirectly. （18）But the limited land is decreasing at a surprising speed. （19）The nature has given us so much, but looks at what we have done in return for its generosity. （20）The ozone layer is our natural shield in the sky, but this shield is in great danger due to human activities. To protect the ozone layer is to protect us. （21）Depleting the ozone layer allows more UV-B to reach the earth, which means more skin cancers, more eye cataracts（白内障），weakened immune systems, and reduced plant yield. （ 22 ） The nature has been irritated, which results in the shortage of valuable resources, air pollution, countless acres of lands becoming deserts, etc. （23）Fortunately, many countries have got to know the seriousness of the problem and take active measures to preserve the environment. （24）We sincerely hope that all the people in the world will take part in the campaign and join hands to protect the nature. （25）Besides, trees and lawns in our cities will in the long run help improve the local climate. （26）The government should also spend more money on the preservation of current lawns and cultivation of new lawns. （ 27 ） Chinese government has taken strict measures to stop careless and indiscriminate felling of trees. （28）Therefore, governments are playing the most important role in environmental protection today. （29）The government should let people full realize the importance of environmental protection through education. （30）Cars should be equipped with special devices to reduce auto emission. （31）Farmers can utilize modern biological techniques instead of chemical fertilizers to grow crops. （32）Desert can be turned into cultivated land by a certain kind of shrub. （ 33 ） Recycling of paper, steel and plastics is important for helping protect our 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 19 environment. （34）The city was beautified on a tremendous scale. （35）Energy crisis will threaten our existence because of the people’s extravagance and the rapid growth of he population. （ 36 ） It is imperative that we investigate and develop new sources of energy immediately. （37）With the expansion of industrialization, requirement for energy all over the world is on the rise. （38）We have a great need for energy because of the rapid growth of our economy. （39）These rich energy resources are being used up rapidly. （40）To avoid energy crisis in the future, we should take some actions. （41）The overuse of energy has influenced ecological balance. （42）The development of modern life is placing and ever increasing demand for electricity. （43）If there were no energy, our world would be in a state of confusion. （44）Protecting endangered species helps protect a healthy environment. Endangered species are nature ’ s early warning system for pollution and environmental degradation that may someday affect human health.（濒危物种是大自然的关于污染 和环境恶化的早期警戒系统，污染和环境恶化有朝一日会影响人类的健康。） （ 45 ） Protecting endangered species saves a part of nature for our children and grandchildren to enjoy. （46）Protecting endangered species helps protect sustainable economies and a good quality of life. Endangered species of fish, wildlife and plants are of ecological, educational, historical, recreational and scientific value to the nations and their people. （47）All of the living creatures, including humans, are part of a complex, delicately balanced network called the biosphere. （48）No creature exists in isolation. The removal of a single species can set off a chain reaction affecting many others. （49）It is estimated that about 12,000 Tibetan antelopes are killed each year. If this trend continues, this species will be extinct in two decades. （ 50 ） A healthy environment for wildlife contributes to healthy environment for people, today and tomorrow. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 20 （二）社会生活问题 1．好词 （1）Population explosion/baby boom （2）Population census （3）Birth/death rate （4）Family planning （5）Suicide bombing （6）Dropout students （7）Eliminate illiteracy （8）Help those in distress and aid those in peril （9）Poverty-stricken areas （10）Remote and mountain areas （11）Shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity （12）Brain drain （13）Corruption phenomenon （14）Offer and take bribes （15）Embezzle pubic funds （16）Counterfeit certificates （17）Counterfeit currency/ID card （18）Credit card fraud （19）Fake commodities （20）Vending machine （21）Generation gap （22）Couch potato （23）Keep a concubine/mistress （24）Casino/gambling （25）Go on a diet （26）Well-balanced meals （27）Enjoy banquets using public funds （28）Bad construction projects （29）Suspend/discontinue a project （30）Welfare-oriented public housing distribution system （31）High-rise apartment building （32）Down payment (by monthly installments) （33）Juvenile delinquency （34）Laid-off workers （35）Trial-period （36）On-the-job training/professional training （37）Reemployment project （38）U.N. Security Council （39）Government-funded personnel studying abroad 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 21 （40）Racial/sex discrimination （41）Traffic jam/road congestion （42）Drunk driving （43）Violation of traffic regulations （44）Hit-and-run accident （45）Rush/peak hour （46）Security personnel （47）Spokesman for news release （48）Press conference （49）Globalization （50）Intellectual property right （51）Infringement on the patent right （52）Bid for the Olympic Games （53）Sports lottery （54）Live broadcast （55）Frozen food （56）Preservation of cultural relics （57）Change from temporary to regular worker （58）Body-building exercises （59）Bungee jumping （60）Permanent residence certificate （61）Euthanasia （62）Drug addition （63）AIDS disease （64）Campus violence （65）Child abuse （66）Kidnap/blackmail 2．佳句 （ 1 ） More and more people come to realize the importance of regular physical exercise. （2）We must struggle against our own laziness and stay with our training, rain or shine.（风雨无阻） （3）Maintaining our health is very important. No one should trifle with his health. （4）Physical exercise increases the appetite and favors digestion. It increases the circulation of the blood. Physical exercise can develop one ’ s self-confidence, judgment, and a strong will. （ 5 ） Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. (Benjamin Franklin) （6）A sound mind is in a sound body. （7）Taking part in sports and games will keep us fit and healthy. （8）Proper sports activities help us strengthen our physical body and build our sense 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 22 of competition and cooperation. （9）Research shows that getting plenty of exercise makes heart beat faster and lung work harder, thus strengthening the heart and reducing the chance of heart attack, and helping to lower blood pressure. （10）For those who work with their brains most of the day, the practice of sport is especially useful. （11）Once a habit is formed, it is difficult and sometimes impossible to shake it off. （12）It is easier to fall into bad habits than to get into good ones. （13）Many successful men declare that they own much of their prosperity to the formation of certain good habits in early life, such as punctuality, early rising, honesty, and thoroughness. （14）The eating habits of Chinese people have changed dramatically in the past decade. （15）People begin to eat less grain, but more fruit and vegetables. Fresh fruit and vegetables are rich in carbohydrate（碳水化合物）, vitamins and minerals. （16）People now pay much attention to nutrition, so they choose to eat meat and drink milk. （17）Fish and chicken contain more protein and less fat. （18）The issue of re-employment is of vital importance to the country’s reform, development and stability. （19）Some statistics indicate that trained workers are three times as likely to be re-employed as those who haven’t participated in any training programs. （20）A re-employment-oriented training network should be formed immediately to cover as many laid-off workers as possible to enhance their abilities to face challenges. （21）Its no shame to earn bread with one’s own hands no matter what kind of work he does, but it’s a disgrace to idle along with folded arms and wait until financial aid arrives. （22）China is undergoing a period of transition from a socialist planned economy to a socialist market economy. （ 23 ） The government is supposed to issue more beneficial policies to help the lay-offs out of difficulty. （24）Everyone desires and pursues happiness. But happiness means different things to different people. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 23 （25）I’ll be happy if I can realize my value in my future career and make some contribution to the development of our country. （26）Happiness also means being on good term with my colleagues and friends. （27）The only ones who will be really happy are those who will have sought and found how to serve the people. （28）Happiness lies first of all in health. （29）Happiness is always abounded from hard work. （30）Happiness consists in contentment. （31）Every generation has its own view of life and value system, which results from its living circumstances. （32）As long as different generations can understand each other and avoid foisting their own views and values on others, there will be fewer conflicts and more harmony between the generations. （33）The old assume that they know best, but it is only a matter of experience. （34）The young know how to enjoy work and leisure and not to be inhibited.（约束） （ 35 ） Children often complain that their parents cannot understand them, while parents feel sorry that their children seldom show them proper respect and obedience. （36）Children should respect their parents and be aware that what their parents do is for their good. （37）As reformation goes deeper in China, civil servants no longer have “iron rice bowls” as they used to have in many places. （38）Whatever we do, we should do in our power.（尽力而为） （39）To make a wise choice of occupations, two important things should be taken into consid-eration. One is the interest, the other, the demand of the people and society. （40）It is definitely true that behind every daily activity lies a motive. As a matter of fact, we can achieve nothing without a realistic goal. （41）Everybody should have a goal in his life, because aimless life wastes our energy and time. （42）Whatever goal you might have, the primarily important thing you should have in life is health. （ 43 ） It is universally true that everyone needs good health. With our society becoming more competitive, it is important to stay healthy. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 24 （44）For one thing, people with good health can do work with full energy and their excellence in work in turn contributes to their health and happiness. For another, an unhealthy person is seldom able to show interest in everything around him and therefore he loses many opportunities to achieve success. （45）Generally speaking, those who have good motives do their duties well. For example, parents work hard from early morning till late at night because they want to support their families. Students study diligently either to rank top in their class or to be prepared for their future success. （46）On the other hand, people do things evil because they have evil goals. For instance, the motive for getting money without hard work makes a pickpocket steal a purse. To fulfill his evil desire, a robber grab others’ belongings, and a murderer can kill an innocent person. These wicked motives are the kind that people need to get rid of because they hurt others. （47）It is often easier to have ideals than to carry them out. （48）Effort and persistence are necessary for the realization of ideals. （49）Once the goal is determined, we must create opportunities to reach it. Work hard and be patient after your goal is set. Try your best to make your life happen in the way you wish to see it. It is those who set the right goal and stick to it long enough will finally achieve it. （50）Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. When ideals are gone you may still exist, but you have ceased to live.（虽生犹死）