高考英语二轮复习与策略仿真冲刺练1 19页

真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 1 仿真冲刺练(一) Ⅰ.单项填空 1．—Why haven't you invited him to see a film together? —He ________ an important essay when I found him and he ________ it. A．had written；didn't finish B．was writing；hasn't finished C．wrote；wouldn't finish D．has written；hadn't finished B [考查时态。句意：“为什么你还没有邀请他一起看电影？”“当我找到他的时候， 他在写一篇重要的论文，而且到现在还没有写完。”由第二句中的 when I found him 看出 当我发现他的时候，他正在做某事，所以用过去进行时。因为到目前为止还没有写完，所以 现在仍未邀请他看电影，故用现在完成时，强调对现在产生的影响。] 2．The extremely competitive work environment，________now includes growing numbers of well－educated females, is having a negative impact on birth rates. A．where B．which C．that D．as B [考查定语从句。句意：现在拥有越来越多知识女性的竞争激烈的工作环境对出生率 造成负面影响。空格前有逗号，所以空格处引导非限制性定语从句。从句中缺主语，因此 which 充当从句的主语。] 3．—How do you find your trip to New York during the Spring Festival? —________. I can't speak too highly of it. A．You said it. B．It's awful! C．Don't mention it. D．Oh，wonderful indeed! D [考查情景交际。句意：“你春节期间的纽约之旅怎么样？”“很精彩！简直无法用 言语形容”。You said it 意为“一点不错”；It's awful 意为“这太可怕了”。Don't mention it 意为“别提了”；Oh，wonderful indeed 意为“的确很棒”。根据 I can't speak too highly of it(我对这次旅行评价很高)来看，应该给予肯定的评价，故选 D。] 4．My brother，________ for months to find a job as a waiter，finally took a position at a local travel agency. A．struggling B．struggled C．having struggled D．has struggled C [考查非谓语动词。句意：我的哥哥努力了几个月想找一份服务生的工作，最终在当 地的旅行社谋得了一个职位。本句中 struggle 与主句的主语 my brother 构成主动关系，并 发生在主句动作之前，与 for months 连用，所以应该用现在分词的完成式。] 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 2 【导学号：57732084】 5．Last night，Philip hadn't walked for a long time in the street ________ he heard the cries for help. A．than B．until C．when D．before C [考查状语从句。句意：昨天晚上菲利普在街上还没走多久就听到了呼救声。该句中 的 when 意为“就在这个时候”。] 6．Some people don't know that by helping a criminal they could ________ with a prison sentence. A．come up B．end up C．put up D．catch up B [考查动词短语。句意：一些人不知道，帮助罪犯可能导致他们自己也被判刑。come up with 意为“想出(计划，方案等)”；end up with 意为“以……结局告终”；put up with 意为“忍受”；catch up with 意为“跟上”。] 7．My aunt cares much about her appearance and always asks if she looks fine in ________she is wearing. A．that B．what C．how D．which B [考查名词性从句。句意：我的婶婶非常注意外表，总是问别人她是否穿着得体。根 据 look fine in 可知，后面跟的是宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少 wear 的宾语，而 what 在名 词性从句中充当主语，宾语和表语。选项中 that 在名词性从句中是不充当任何成分的，how 只能充当状语，which 在名词性从句中可以充当主语、宾语和表语，意为“哪一个”，要有 一个选择的范围才行。] 8．They weighed the advantages of the operation ________ all the possible risks involved over and over again. A．within B．except C．behind D．against D [考查介词用法。句意：他们再三衡量了手术的利弊和风险。这里含有对比之意。 against 含有“与……对比，对照”之意。] 9．Success is not final，and failure is not deadly.It is，you know，the courage to continue ________ counts in life. A．that B．which C．where D．when A [考查强调句型。句意：成功不是最终目的，失败也不是致命的。你知道，生活中， 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 3 继续下去的勇气才最重要。you know 为插入语，做题时可删除，以免影响思考。It is the courage to continue that counts in life 为强调句型，强调的是句子的主语 the courage to continue。故选 A。] 【导学号：57732085】 10．Bungee jumping can be very dangerous，but the people who organize it are very careful not to ________ safety. A．compromise B．compensate C．conduct D．construct A [考查动词。句意：蹦极可能非常危险，但是组织者会非常小心，不会危及生命安全。 compromise 意为“危及，损害；妥协，让步”；compensate 意为“弥补，补偿”；conduct 意为“组织，实施；指挥；带领，引导；举止，表现”；construct 意为“建筑，修建；组 成，创建”。] 11．He found it very difficult to speak ________，for his lips trembled and refused to form the words. A．plainly B．closely C．firmly D．frequently A [考查副词。句意：他发现自己非常难以简单明了地说话，因为他的嘴唇在颤抖而且 无法说话。plainly 意为“简单明了地，直截了当地；清晰地，清楚地，明显地”；closely 意为“亲密地，密切地，仔细地”；firmly 意为“坚定地，坚决地”；frequently 意为“经 常地，频繁地”。] 12．He managed to reach the summit of his career，but it was at the ________ of his health. A．consumption B．credit C．exhaustion D．expense D [考查名词搭配。句意：他设法达到了事业的顶峰，但是付出了健康的代价。 consumption 意为“消耗，消费”；credit 意为“信用，名声”；exhaustion 意为“疲劳， 耗尽”；expense 意为“开支，损失”。句中 at the expense of 意为“以……为代价”， 等同于 at the price of/at the sacrifice of。] 13．Only when he reached the museum ________ it was the same place he'd been in last year. A．he realized B．he did realize C．realized he D．did he realize D [考查倒装结构。句意：他到了这个博物馆的时候，才发现去年来过这个地方。only 强调状语时主句要部分倒装，即把情态动词或助动词提到主语的前面。] 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 4 14．Don't worry about what to wear to her party—it's all ________ anyway， because you haven't even been invited yet. A．academic B．painful C．physical D．bureaucratic A [考查形容词。句意：不要担心参加她的聚会穿什么，不管怎样这完全不切实际，因 为你没有被邀请。academic 意为“不切实际的，脱离现实的”；painful 意为“痛苦的”； physical 意为“物质的，身体的”；bureaucratic 意为“官僚主义的”。] 15．—Mary is a very diligent student. —________．As far as I know，she often stays up late. A．You can say that again B．Absolutely not C．Heaven knows D．No way A [考查习惯用语。句意：“玛丽是一个非常勤奋的学生。”“你说的对极了，据我所 知她经常熬夜到很晚”。You can say that again 意为“正是如此，你说得对极了”； Absolutely not 意为“绝对不是”；Heaven knows 意为“天知道”；No way 意为“没门”。] Ⅱ.完形填空 I believe confidence is a key success indicator in every sport.When knowing my __16__believed in me，I believed in myself.When I was a collegiate baseball athlete I __17__with confidence at the plate.I felt my trainer and my teammates didn't have the confidence in me to hit the ball and they were __18__．It wasn't because I didn't have the ability to hit the ball __19__ because I didn't believe I could hit the ball. __20__，when playing defense I was the complete opposite.I__21__the field， knowing every ball that was hit to me would be an out and it usually was.It's __22__ to think back on that now.How could I have two completely opposite views of my skills and abilities in one game？This __23__ is what I bring to my coaching，my training， and my life.I know that if I want to accomplish something or I want someone to accomplish something I __24__to believe in myself and them. There're two things I do to __25__ improving my self－confidence every day： 1．Practice—Practice makes perfect.Not a single person in the world can __26__ succeed without practice.Practicing and improving your __27__ is the key to improving self－confidence.Doing something __28__the game will definitely help you succeed. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 5 2．__29__Self－talk—You can have everyone in the world believing in you but at the end of the __30__ you need to believe in yourself.Always __31__ to yourself in a positive way.Even if you __32__．Know you can learn from that experience and you'll use it in a positive way to succeed the next time. Confidence is the key to success in everything you do.But it doesn't come __33__ and it doesn't come without putting in the work and having a(n)__34__support network.I know that a consistent，daily approach is worth the time and effort and will be having a lasting positive __35__． 这是一篇个人情感类的短文。上大学时，“我”是一名棒球运动员，可笑的是，进攻和 防守时“我”表现出两种截然不同的状态，进攻时“我”缺乏自信，节节败退，而防守时信 心满满，胜券在握。现在，“我”相信，自信是成功的关键。 16．A.trainer B．agent C．sponsor D．friend A [下文的 trainer 是提示。] 17．A.began B．dealt C．struggled D．competed C [根据下文所述可知，彼时还是一名大学生棒球运动员的“我”不具备强大的自信 心，在赛场上时而自信满满，旗开得胜，时而自惭形秽，失意落败。“我”学生时代的棒球 生涯可谓是一段与自信心不断斗争的历程。struggle with sth.意为“与……斗争”。] 18．A.brave B．free C．careful D．right D [根据下文第二段前两句与第一段所描述的情况形成的对比可推知，“我”在进攻时， 成绩不理想，教练和队友对“我”击中球没有信心是对的(right)。] 19．A.or B．but C．and D．for B [而造成这一结果的原因不是因为“我”没有能力击中球，而是(but)因为“我”不 自信。] 20．A.Besides B．Therefore C．However D．Indeed C [上下文之间构成转折关系。] 21．A.left B．swept C．built D．owned D [根据 knowing every ball that was hit to me would be an out and it usually was 可知，防守时的“我”，完全相反，掌控着(own)球场，心中确信每个击向“我”的球 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 6 都会被击到外场，而且通常是这样的。own 意为“掌控”。] 22．A.hard B．funny C．surprising D．hopeful B [根据下文 How could I have two completely opposite views of my skills and abilities in one game？可知，现在的“我”回顾过去的经历觉得特别可笑(funny)，在一 场比赛中“我”对自己的能力怎么会有两种截然相反的看法呢？] 23．A.experience B．barrier C．wish D．goal A [This experience 指的是学生时代打棒球时在进攻和防守时“我”对自己的能力持 两种截然不同的看法的经历。] 24．A.pretend B．continue C．need D．prefer C [回顾学生时代打棒球的经历，“我”意识到，要想达到目标，得(need)有信心。] 25．A.work on B．rely on C．agree on D．act on A [根据下文 Practice—Practice makes perfect.和第 29 空所在句可知，每天“我” 通过做两件事情来努力增强(work on)“我”的自信心。] 26．A.thus B．still C．seldom D．truly D [根据下文第 27 空所在句可知，在“我”看来，不经过练习，世上没有一个人能真 正(truly)成功。] 27．A.memory B．skills C．images D．health B [经过不断练习，才能提高技能(skill)，进而增强自信。] 28．A.unlike B．over C．outside D．including C [做些场外(outside)训练对成功绝对有好处。] 29．A.Private B．Serious C．Long D．Positive D [下文 Always ____to yourself in a positive way 给出了提示。] 30．A.game B．day C．road D．term B [上文第三段中的 every day 及文章末句中的 daily approach 是提示。] 31．A.speak B．turn 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 7 C．respond D．apologize A [与上文 self－talk 相呼应。] 32．A.cry B．sigh C．panic D．fail D [根据 learn from that experience 和 succeed the next time 可知答案。] 33．A.fast B．easy C．early D．finally B [根据 it doesn't come without putting in the work 可知，自信来之不易，故选 easy。] 34．A.lively B．independent C．strong D．international C [根据上文 When knowing my ____believed in me，I believed in myself 可知， 自信心的建立需要自己的努力以及周围人强有力的(strong)支持。] 35．A.effect B．impression C．attitude D．opportunity A [总结学生时代打棒球的经历，“我”明白了一个道理：坚持每天倾注时间、精力去 改善自信心是值得的，它会带来持久的积极效果(effect)。] Ⅲ.阅读理解 A 24 hours in western Sydney：what to do，where to go On a recent weekend，my boyfriend and I decided to explore the area for the first time. Friday 6 p．m.—Check in at Atura Blacktown hotel After an easy 40－minute train trip from Central Station to Blacktown(about$5 one way with the Opal smartcard)，we catch a taxi(about$20)to western Sydney's newest hotel，the Atura Blacktown. It's a sleek but welcoming hotel with an open－plan lobby that incorporates an inhouse restaurant and a comfortable lounge area.Upstairs，we quickly warm to our modern guestroom， which features reliable，free Wi－fi，free movies on a large wall－mounted TV， and in the bathroom Malin＋Goetz toiletries(洗漱用品)．It's good value at about $160 for a king room. 8 p．m.—Dinner and a drive－in movie The hotel's Roadhouse Bar and Grill has an upscale 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 8 menu(mains $25—$40 per person)but a casual atmosphere，with an open kitchen and families seated at several tables.We've been told not to fill up on dinner so we reluctantly leave our tender scotch fillet and expertly pan－fried barramundi unfinished.At the reception，we pick up keys to the hotel's white Cadillac，which is parked out front，and drive around the corner to the Skyline Drive－In($20 for one car with two passengers)． Saturday 9 a．m.—Feasting in Bonnyrigg Everywhere we go，there is food.At the temple，we watch a famous Laotion chef prepare pawpaw salad，while at the mosque we are offered feather－light fairy floss.Later，in a low －ceilinged Asian grocer，we are fed sublime rice－paper rolls by a proprietor who speaks five languages.Those who dismiss ordinary Australians as conservative and intolerant have clearly not visited Bonnyrigg. 6 p．m.—People－watching at The Emporium In Parramatta ， the venue( 场 所 )of the moment is The Emporium，a 150－seat exposed－brick space with a mod－Oz menu which leans Mediterranean.Unlike many of the more casual places we visit over the weekend，The Emporium has a decidedly grown－up atmosphere，full of well－dressed couples and smart wait staff.Dishes like a delicate stew of Moreton Bay bugs($36)and truffle－stuffed chicken breast(also $36)are delicious.Don't expect to get a table on Saturday night unless you book ahead. 本文介绍了作者和她的男朋友在西悉尼度周末的相关信息。 36．How much did the author and her boyfriend have to pay at least on Friday? A．$216. B．$226. C．$332. D．$260. D 细节理解题。根据第二段首句、第二段末句、第三段首句及第三段末句可知，作者 和她的男朋友周五至少要付 5×2＋20×1＋160×1＋25×2＋20×1＝260 元，至多要付 5×2 ＋20×1＋160×1＋40×2＋20×1＝290 元。故选项 D 符合题意。 37．According to the passage，a visitor to western Sydney can________． A．get warm in modern guestrooms B．overeat delicious dinner C．hire a car to see movies 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 9 D．feel unfriendliness from ordinary Australians C 细节理解题。根据第三段末句可知，到西悉尼旅游的游客可以租车去看电影。故选 项 C 正确。 【导学号：57732086】 B Everyone likes a big pay rise.But if you know that a co－worker has been given a bigger one，the pleasure at one's own will disappear at once.If the colleague is known for not working hard，one might be angrier.Such behavior is regarded as“all too human”，with the underlying(潜在的)assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of dissatisfaction.But a study by researchers from Emory University in Atlanta，Georgia has suggested that it is all too monkey，as well. The researchers studied the behavior of female brown capuchin monkeys(僧帽猴). They look cute.They are good－natured，co－operative creatures，and they share their food readily.Above all，like their female humans，they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of“goods and services”than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr.Brosnan and Dr.de Waal's study.The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens(代币)for food.Normally，the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.However，when two monkeys were placed in separate but neighboring rooms，so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock，their behavior became markedly different. In the world of capuchins，grapes are luxury goods and much preferable to (cucumbers)．So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token，the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all，the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber，or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.Indeed，the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber(without an actual monkey to eat it)was enough to arouse anger in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys，like humans，are guided by social emotions.In the wild，they are a co－operative，group－living species.Such co－ operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.Feelings of righteous indignation(义愤填膺)，it seems，are not the preserve 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 10 of people alone.Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.However，whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans，or whether it originates from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago，is，as yet，an unanswered question. 公平意识并不是人类所独有的，研究人员们在雌性僧帽猴的身上也发现了这种公平意 识。 38．The researchers have found that capuchin monkeys ________． A．can be taught to exchange things B．will not be co－operative if feeling unequally treated C．are unhappy when separated from other members D．prefer grapes to cucumbers B [细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知选 B。] 39．The underlined word“it”in Paragraph 1 refers to “________”． A．showing senses similar to humans' B．being angry about unfairness C．feeling jealous of those capable ones D．showing dislike of lazy behavior B [词义猜测题。根据划线词上文内容可知，it 在此处指代上文出现过的 such behavior，也就是“对不公平事物表现出的愤慨之情”。] 40．What can be implied from the last paragraph? A．Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B．Co－operation among monkeys only exists in the wild. C．Monkeys refuse a reward if other members are not given the same. D．Capuchin's sense of fairness results from an unknown source. D [细节理解题。根据最后一段末句可知 D 项正确。] C Scientific studies of techniques for deliberately changing the climate are getting ready to move out of the laboratory. In 1990，John Latham，a cloud physicist，argued that if low－lying clouds over the sea were made a bit brighter，the Earth could be cooled enough to make up for the increased warming caused by greenhouse gases.The brightening was to be achieved by transferring with the air tiny sea salt particles(颗粒)up into the clouds.They would increase the number of water droplets(水滴)in the clouds and thus reflect a large amount of sunlight out into space.Dr Latham calculated that it was likely to 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 11 work. A quarter of a century on，such_a_test_could_soon_be_on_the_cards．Pitifully， for more than ten years Dr Latham's idea was almost entirely ignored.Then it caught the attention of Stephen Salter of the University of Edinburgh.He started to pay attention and analyze the possibility.The question of whether anyone could actually produce ship－borne sprayers(喷雾器)that would reliably produce particles a ten －thousandth of a millimetre in diameter(直径)at a rate of 1，000 trillion a second remained open. Armand Neukermans，a retired Silicon Valley engineer，has looked at a range of possible techniques.One that may be up to the job is atomization(雾化)，in which， rather than try to make truly tiny droplets，you make larger ones in which water mixed with gas afterwards turns into particles of the desired size.Thomas Ackerman and Robert Wood of the University of Washington have put forward a proposal to see if this technique really works.They are now investigating how to get such a programme financed. They are not the only people who want to see how ideas from geoengineering studies play out in the real world.David Keith of Harvard University has been studying how to reflect sunlight back using an artificial layer of smog similar to that created by the sulphur(硫磺)thrown up by large volcanic eruptions，which is known to cool the Earth.One of the risks would be that such particles can cause chemical reactions which consume and suck the ozone(臭氧)layer.Dr Keith wants to study how the rates of such reactions depend on the sizes of the particles and the background levels of water vapour；that would help to assess the risks and perhaps find ways to limit them. For the clouds，the direct effects of the proposed experiments are tiny.These proposals are not distinguished by the scale of what is faced but by the precision with which they would be carried out and the care with which their effects would be monitored. 本文是环境气候题材类文章。介绍了科学家们试图用人工干预的方式来改变气候，从而 达到控制全球变暖。 41．According to the passage，small sea salt particles in the clouds help________． A．reduce greenhouse gases and protect the sea B．make low clouds over the sea much brighter C．lower the sea surface's temperature 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 12 D．increase visibility over the sea B [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，选 B 项。] 42 ． By“such a test could soon be on the cards” ， the author means the experiment________． A．was not practical in practice B．was likely to be carried out soon C．attracted the attention of geoengineers soon D．faced opposition from other environmentalists B [推理判断题。由第三段第二句可知 Latham 博士提出的方案没有被验证。而画线句 子用的是虚拟语气，表示“这个方案本来是很有可能去被验证的”。on the cards 意为“很 可能会发生”，故选 B 项。] 43．According to David Keith，which of the following is considered as a danger to the ozone layer? A．Man－made smog. B．Volcanic eruptions. C．Artificial bright light. D．Chemical analyses of clouds. A [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句可知选 A 项。] 44．What does the passage intend to tell us? A．Global warming can be controlled. B．Ideas from geoengineering have many practical applications. C．Scientists are making great efforts to modify the Earth's climate. D．Environmentalists have a long way to go before their ideas are put into practice. C [主旨大意题。文章中提到很多专家都在努力尝试用人工干预的方式来改变气候，故 选 C 项。] D The New York State Legislature(议会)passed a bill granting nurse practitioners the right to provide primary care without physicians' oversight，earlier this month.New York joins 16 other states and the District of Columbia in awarding such autonomy. Support for such measures has been widespread.Four years ago the Institute of Medicine called for dropping regulations that prevented nurses from practicing “to the full extent of their education and training”． 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 13 As a physician，I couldn't disagree more.Though well intentioned，such proposals underestimate the clinical importance of physicians' expertise and overestimate the cost－effectiveness of nurse practitioners. The reason behind the new law is the awful shortage of primary－care physicians.A big reason for this scarcity is money.Primary care pays the least of all the medical students ， and interest in it is at a record low among medical students and residents.At the same time，as baby boomers are starting to retire and the Affordable Care Act adds millions to the rolls of the newly insured，the need for primary －care physicians is growing. So hiring more nurse practitioners has been promoted as a cost－effective way to meet this need. Nurse practitioners，though generally praised for being sensitive to patients' psychological and social concerns，appear to order more diagnostic tests than do their physician counterparts.In one study，published in the journal Effective Clinical Practice ， patents assigned to nurse practitioners underwent more ultrasounds，CT scans and MRI scans than did patients assigned to physicians. These differences are costly.According to the study，they“may offset or negate any cost savings achieved by hiring nurse practitioners in place of physicians”． Nurse practitioners receive approximately 600 hours of clinical instruction during their entire formal education，which is less than physicians receive in just the first year of a three－year medical residency. When I was doing my internship 15 years ago，a fellow intern told me about a patient she had seen in the clinic whose voice was hoarse.She had no idea what was wrong with him，but her primary－care instructor，on a routine round，immediately diagnosed(诊断)goiter(甲状腺肿大)．“You have to know so much to do primary care，” she concluded. Primary care，though often routine，is also about finding the extraordinary in what may appear to be routine.As a doctor said，“It's the ability to differentiate those pale shades of gray in patient care that counts.” 纽约州最近新出台一项法案，法案规定护士可在无医生监管下独立完成基础护理。对此， 本文作者发表了自己的看法。 45．We can learn from the passage that ________． A．there is a heated debate about whether the bill is reasonable B．New York should be the first state to enact the bill 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 14 C．with the bill patients can get primary care without delay D．the Institute of Medicine will support the bill D [推理判断题。根据第二段第二句所述可推知，医学研究院会支持让护士有权在无医 师监管的条件下提供基础护理的法案。故选 D。] 46．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the shortage of primary－care physicians? A．Primary－care jobs are not well paid. B．Interest is low in primary care among medical students. C．Government funds for primary－care education are limited. D．There will be a large number of retirees in need of primary care. C [细节理解题。根据第四段第三、四句可知 C 项所述不是基础护理医师短缺的原因。] 47．Paragraph 6 is intended to prove that________． A．it's practical to hire more physicians B．hiring nurse practitioners is not cost－effective C．nurse practitioners have different responsibilities from physicians D．more training should be provided to nurse practitioners B [推理判断题。根据第六段所述可知，雇用更多的护士本来是可以省下一部分雇用内 科医生所需的花费，但当护士独立护理病人时，会因为自身专业知识的欠缺让病人进行更多 的诊断性检查。正如第七段所说，这样一来，就抵消了原本省下的费用。故第六段旨在说明 雇用护士并不省钱。] 48．The author considers the bill to be ________． A．ridiculous B．striking C．ambitious D．strict A [推理判断题。文章第三段一开始，作者便提出自己对这个法案极其不赞成。接下来 的几段中，作者详细阐述了不赞成的理由，包括护士独立提供护理不省钱，护士接受的培训 不如医师多，基础护理工作需要大量知识和技能等。综上所述，作者认为支持护士单独提供 基础护理的法案是不可取的，荒谬的(ridiculous)。] 49．The example in the last but one paragraph is taken to show________． A．primary care cannot become routine B．interns have a lot to learn from doctors C．nurses are not qualified to do primary care D．there will be complexities that demand a doctor's judgment D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知此例旨在说明某些时候，病情的复杂性使 得有医生在场至关重要。] 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 15 50．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Nurses are not doctors B．Nurses should improve themselves C．A new bill—widely supported? D．Experience or skill—which is more important? A [标题归纳题。本文是议论文，论点是“新出台的法案(允许护士独立完成基础护理) 是否可行”。作者对此持否定意见；作者认为护士在专业知识上无法等同于医生，如果允许 其独立作业，只会造成医疗费用增加，并有可能延误病情或诊断错误。故 A 项作标题最合适。] Ⅳ.任务型阅读 Good managers find a balance between praising employees for performing well and correcting their errors and errant behaviors.This balance is hard to maintain when an organization is focused on reducing the level of errors in production areas， such as in manufacturing and service delivery.However，many managers feel that complimenting employees so they feel successful and appreciated by their organization is more effective than punishment. Employees who routinely perform their jobs at a satisfactory level or higher need praise just like people who struggle to meet their performance objectives.You should give praise when you see people succeeding at their jobs in general and when they excel at specific tasks.This acknowledgement can cause employees to feel engaged in their jobs and committed to the work they share with others in the same organizational unit. Some managers offer praise to employees because they want something in return.Workers can see through this approach，which can create feelings of being used or resentment in workers.You don't want employees to question the motivations of your praise.Give praise honestly and frequently，using specific language and with a smile or a pat on the back.Consider using email，memoranda，bulletin boards and newsletters as ways to recognize employee achievements.Avoid giving too much praise to your favorite employees，or other employees might feel underappreciated. Disciplining employees can mean dispensing consequences for violations of organizational rules ， which employees should learn when they begin their employment.Think of yourself not as a punisher but as a rule enforcer.Some managers make the mistake of enforcing rules unevenly，giving extra consideration to employees they like best.In giving corrective feedback to staff，do it evenly and as frequently as needed to maintain desired levels of performance and professional behavior.Don't 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 16 bend the rules for employees，or they will expect extra consideration again in the future. Employees need space to perform their jobs and an appropriate amount of scrutiny.They may know you are watching their actions closely，perhaps using electronic methods of monitoring for security and productivity.Even when their performances are monitored，you should reinforce your employees positively and regularly for performing well and give appropriate consequences for poor performance or rule－breaking.A clear statement of expectations and acknowledgement of success foster high morale in the workplace. Ignoring problem employees can harm morale. When Should a Manager Give Praise & Give Punishment？ What can praise 51．________ ？ ·Good managers should give praise when employees 52.______at their jobs. ·Employees feel good and appreciated by their organization when praised，which causes employees to feel 53.________to the work. ·Give 54.________and frequent praise，or else employees may feel they are used or get angry. What 55．________s hould punishment play？ ·Employees should have a good 56.________of the consequences for 57.________organizational rules. ·Managers are 58.________to give fair corrective feedback to their employees. ·Giving employees enough 59．________and an appropriate amount of scrutiny is necessary. ·Monitoring work should be 60．________with positive feedback to ensure high morale in the workplace. 本文是一篇议论文。首先就到底应该惩罚员工还是赞扬员工提出了疑问，表示了困惑。 其次分别从雇主和雇员这两个角度对应该怎样表扬员工和惩罚员工进行了解释。 51．produce/create/bring [根据第二和第三段可以看到表扬所带来的员工的反应， 所以可以用 produce 或者 create 来说明赞扬能产生、创造出什么或带来什么。] 52．succeed [根据第二段的 You should give praise when you see people succeeding at their jobs in general...可以看出，既然员工在工作上取得了成功就应该得到表扬。] 53 ． committed/devoted/dedicated [ 根 据 第 二 段 最 后 一 句 话 中 的 This acknowledgement can cause employees to feel engaged in their jobs and committed to 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 17 the work 对于员工的认可和赞扬会导致员工全身心地投入到工作中去。] 54．honest [根据文章第三段中的 Give praise honestly and frequently 给予诚实 又频繁的赞扬，空格处需填形容词，故用 honest。] 55．role [最后两段论述了雇主与雇员相处中惩罚也是必不可少的，根据短语搭配 play a role 可知此处填 role。] 56．knowledge [根据第四段第一句中的 which employees should learn when they begin their employment 可知员工刚踏入公司时就应该知道违反公司规定将得到什么惩罚。 原文中的 learn 可同义替换成 have a good knowledge of，意为“知道，了解”。] 57．violating/breaking [根据第四段第一句中的 Disciplining employees can mean dispensing consequences for violations of organizational rules 可知惩罚雇员是因 为员工违反了纪律。] 58 ． supposed [ 根 据 文 章 第 四 段 中 的 In giving corrective feedback to staff...maintain desired levels of performance and professional behavior.可知给 予雇员正确的反馈是维持员工好的表现的必要条件。be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做 某事”。] 59．space [根据文章最后一段第一句 Employees need space to perform their jobs and an appropriate amount of scrutiny.可知。] 60．combined [根据文章最后一段的 Even when their performances are monitored， you...positively and regularly for performing well 可知应该把监测和积极的反馈相 结合才能保证工作场所好的风纪。] 【导学号：57732087】 Ⅴ.书面表达 阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。 In China，honesty is one of the most treasured traditional values.The children are taught to be honest when they are very young.At schools the students are also instructed to be honest. However，with the development of society，we often hear complaints about dishonesty.Reports with the theme of dishonesty often appear in the media.For example，some people try to get rich and live a comfortable life.But they do not work hard honestly，instead they cheat others.They sell something quite ordinary at a very high price.Some people's delaying paying back the loan can serve as another example.Some people，including some college students，get loan from the bank，and promise to pay within，say，three years.However，they don't do that. The dishonest people sometimes can get benefit from their behaviors.So some 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 18 people assert that dishonesty can bring people benefit，while honesty only makes people suffer.Is that so？Definitely not.It is always true that honesty is the best policy.It pays to be honest.The cheater selling “the treasure”mentioned above will surely be exposed and punished some day.On the contrary，if he had been honest， neither the buyer nor he himself would have suffered.The people who do not return money in time will sooner or later become infamous，and will not get the money from others again.If he had acted differently，he would have earned respect and trust， meanwhile，the bank would not have suffered from loss. 【写作内容】 1．以约 30 个词概括短文的要点。 2．然后以约 120 个词就“诚实”的主题发表看法，并包括以下要点： (1)你对不诚实现象的看法； (2)诚实的重要性是什么； (3)作为中学生，该如何做一个诚实的人。 【写作要求】 作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接 引用原文中的句子。 【评分标准】 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 The passage mainly tells us that nowadays many people are dishonest for their own benefit because they not only neglect our traditional values，but also want to escape being punished. Dishonesty does great harm to our society.It can destroy our good relationship with others，bringing lots of unstable factors to society.Sometimes，it may even affect people's health. Why should we be honest？As we all know，being honest is one of Chinese traditional virtues.In addition，friendship is based on honesty.Seeing that the 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 19 honest person is reliable，most of people are willing to make friends with them.What is important for us is that honesty can help us to build a harmonious society and realize our spiritual civilization. As students，we should act honestly every day and never cheat others，including cheat in exams.Besides，we should help those who are dishonest correct their mistakes.Only in this way can we win respect from others.