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2019届二轮复习 定语从句讲练学案
一、 教学目标:理解定语从句,知道其定义和用法。
二、 重难点:灵活运用关系代词和副词。
三、 教学步骤:
Definition (定义)
定语从句: 在复合句中,修饰____________________的从句叫定语从句。
I will learn the grammar Attributive Clause,_______is very important in language learning. 被修饰的词称为____________(antecedent ).
连接定语从句和先行词的词称为_____________(引导词)。
关系词三大功能:_______________________________________
关系代词(主语、宾语):__________________________________
关系副词(状语):_________________________________
替代什么?什么成分?
一.填出相应的关系代词 (who,whom,that,which,whose) 并指出在定从中充当的成分。
Do you know the girl ______ is standing under the tree?
Do you know the girl________ hair is red?
Do you know the girl _______ Mr Wang is talking with?
This is the book ________ I like.
We saw abandoned farms ________were built a hundred years ago.
They planted the trees __________didn’t need much water.
The fish _________we bought yesterday were not fresh.
whose作关系词既指人又指物,在从句中作定语。
1).I live in the house and its roof is red.
I live in the house whose roof is red.
I live in the house the roof of which is red.
I live in the house of which the roof is red.
2).Confucious is the philosopher and____________ influence has been the greatest.
Confucious is the philosopher, __________________ influence has been the greatest.
Confucious is the philosopher, the influence____________________ has been the greatest.
Confucious is the philosopher, ___________________ influence has been the greatest.
二.填相应的关系副词 when, where, why并指出在定语从句中充当的成分。
1. I will never forget the day ____________ I was born.
2. This is the house _____________ I used to live.
3. The reason ________________ she stayed up was _____ she was preparing her classes the next day.
三,介词+关系代词(介词+which /whom)
1. Do you like the book __________________ she spent $10?
2. Do you like the book __________________ she paid $10?
3. Do you like the book _________________ she learned a lot?
4. Do you like the book ___________________she often talks?
5. He built a telescope______________ he could study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree outside, _____________________ stands our teacher.
7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ______________ is the Yellow River.
8. The old man has three sons,_______ of ______ want to live with him
9. My English teacher is hard-working, without__________ help I couldn’t have made such great progress.
10. In the dark street, there was not a single person ________________he could turn for help.
四.只能用that的情况:当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等, 还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that。
1. He did all / everything _____ he could to help me.
2. This is the very thing _______ I am after.
3. We talked about the men and the things _______ we remembered at school.
4. He is the only man _______ can do the work.
5. This is the first thing _______ I want to say.
6. He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked with.
7. Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate.
8. Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth.
9. Is there anything else _______ you want to say?
10. Any person _______ has money can join the group.
五.关系代词与关系副词的区别。
1. I’ll never forget the days________________ we worked together.
2. I’ll never forget the days ________________ we spent together.
3. I went to the place _________________I worked ten years ago.
4. I went to the place _____________________ I visited ten years ago.
5. This is the reason _____________________ he was late.
6. This is the reason _____________________ he gave.
7.This is the way __________________________he deal with the problem.
关系词的正确选用
1. This is the job __________ he enjoys himself so much.
2. This is the job____________ he enjoys so much.
3. The reason ______________ I bought the roses is that my girlfriend likes them.
4. The reason ________________ he explained to me is simply unbelievable.
5. December 21st ,2012 was a time ________the world would end according to Mayan perdition.
6. December 21st, 2012 was a time _____________ I would pay attention to.
I study in No.7 High School _______ there are a lot of hard working students.
I love the game _____ we can get a lot of pleasure.
That is really a dangerous situation ______ the car nearly hit the man
I want to go to Chengdu _______ the MUN will be held.
I want to go to Chengdu ________ is a beautiful place.
I want to go back to the farm ____ I worked 2 days ago.
I want to go back to the farm ____ I visited 2 days ago.
六. as引导定语从句的用法:as引导定语从句可放在句首、句中、句末, 而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首。as译为正如, 好像。常与so, such,the same搭配。
1.We do the same work_______ they do.
2. The earth is round,_________ is known to all.
3. _____ is known to all, the earth is round
4. ______ is known to all that the earth is round.
5._________everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.
6._________ his parents expected, he was admitted into a famous college.
5. This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.
6. This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.
7. This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
8. This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.
9. We do the same work_______ the do.
10. He failed in the exam,_______ made his parents gloomy.
11. He failed in the exam,_______ (make) his parents gloomy.
七. 定语从句中应注意的地方:
1.He is the only one in his class who ___ (have) got the teacher’s praise.
2.He is one of the students in his class who ____ (have) got the teacher’s praise.
3.Tom who _______ (like) English is our English representative.
4. I am reading Harry Porter, _____is an interesting book.
5. He failed in the exam.____ made his parents angry.
6. He failed in the exam,and _____ made his parents angry.
7. He failed in the exam, _____ made his parents angry.
8. He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers.
9. He has two sons, and both of ________ are teachers.
10. He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.
11. Is this the book___________ you are looking for?
12.Is this book _____________ you are looking for?
定语从句综合练习
Exercise1试一试:观察下列几组简单句,并试着写出定语从句。
1. The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.
è
2. The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.
è
3. He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.
è
4. The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.
è
5. I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot.
è
Exercise2: 翻译下面的句式:
1.屋顶(roof)是红色的房子被毁坏了。
2.这就是我父亲上班的那个工厂。
3.这是你第三次来迟。
4.这是我读过的最有趣的小说。
5.人们喜欢住在空气新鲜,噪声很少的地方。
6.这位是李先生,他的妻子在一所学校工作。
7.我喜欢听音乐的理由是因为它可以让我放松。
8.我的学校是一个重点中学,有着100多年的历史。
9.我们应该帮助那些有困难的人。
10.我是一个住在乡村的学生。
Exercise3: Correct the sentences:
1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday._______
2. Is that factory which your father once worked in? _______
3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. _______
4. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never forget. _______
5.That is the last place when I want to go to. _______
6. Those want to buy tickets write down your names. _______
7. That was the reason because she looked old. _______
8. I like the house, of which windows are beautiful._____
9. The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou. _______
10. The students and things which you spoke of are known to us. _______
*11. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them. _______
*12. Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory. _____
13. The bike by which I travelled was his. _______
14.Which is the book which she wants to borrow? ______
Exercise4.填空。
1. I still remember the day _________ we first met.
2. I still remember the day _________ I spent with you in the countryside.
3. I’ll never forget the day ______ ______ I was enrolled by Fudan University.
4. Hangzhou is a city _______ there is a beautiful lake.
5. Hangzhou is a city ________ I visit most often.
6. The reason _______ he didn’t come to school is _______ he was ill.
7. The reason ________ he told us is not true.
8. This is the way ____ he studies English.
9. Can you tell me the way ________ you work out the problem?
10. The first English novel ______ aroused his interest was a novel by Mark Twain.
11. Is there anything ______ you don’t understand?
12. Everything _______ can be done has been done.
13. The only problem _____ troubled him has already been solved.
14. That’s all _____ I want to tell you.
15. Don’t make the same mistake _____ a blind man does.
16. He is the only one of the students who ______ (study) very hard at school.
15.John and his dog _______ were here a moment ago disappear now.
16. Who is the man ________ is stand by the door?
17.Which is the car ______ killed the boy?
18. ______ we know, the earth moves around the sun.
19.Such a film _____ was shown in the cinema yesterday is not suitable for children.
20. Don’t make the same mistake _____ a blind man does.
21. Someone has taken away my glasses, _____ ______ I can’t see anything.
22. Who’s the man ______ ______ you shook hands just now?
23. The river _____ _____ a new bridge is being built is 209 metres wide
24. That is the house______ roof was green.
25.The girl_______ parents were killed in the earthquake works hard.
26. He is one of the students who _____ (study) very hard at school.
27. He is the only one of the students who ______ (study) very hard at school.
28. Is this the factory _______ your father works.
29. Is this factory________ your father works in.
30. Tom, who ____ a senior 1 student, likes pop music.
31. I. who_____ a teacher, should be strict with students.
32.The idea ______ he came up with is wonderful.
33. The idea ______they will go to Mountain Fang this weekend is not a wise one.
选择题
1.Sorry, we don’t have the coat ________ you need.
A. what B. who C. whom D. which
2.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.
A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
3.Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy?
A. what B. which C. who D. whom
4.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting.
A. / B. why C. when D. what
5.I have found some pictures of the most interesting places _____ you can visit during the winter holidays.
A. where B. which C. what D. that
6.I’d like to tell you about the table manners __ you should know when you visit Korea.
A. which B. who C. what D. how
7.I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers, ________has a great effect on my life.
A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which
8.Is oxygen the only gas ________ helps fire burn?
A. that B. / C. which D. it
9.Is ________ some German friends visited last week?
A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where
10.---What kind of music do you like?
---I like music ________ has great lyrics.
A. that B. what C. who D. whose
11.That is the only thing ________ I bought from the supermarket.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
12.The place ________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
13.The computer ________ last week has gone wrong.
A. which I bought it B. I bought C. what I bought D. I bought it
14.That is the poor boy ________ father died in a traffic accident last year.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
15.Do you know the girl ________ is standing under the tree?
A. who B. whom C. which D. where
16.Is the woman ________ talked to our teacher yesterday your mother?
A. who B. whom C. which D. what
17.The young lady ________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.
A. what B. whose C. whom D. which
18.I like to live in a house ________ is big and bright.
A. that B. who C. how D. why
19.I hate people ________ talk much but do little.
A. whom B. which C. who D. when
20.I am one of the boys ________never late for school.
A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is
21.Mr Green, there is someone at the front desk ________ would like to speak with you.
A. he B. who C. which D. whom
22.I love the small village ________ I was born.
A. that B. which C. where D. whose
23.Here comes the girl ________ handwriting is the best in our class.
A. which B. whose C. that D. who
24.My parents usually buy me some simple clothes ________ can last a long time.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
25.The boy ___________ is watering the flowers is my cousin.
A. which B. what C. whom D. that
26.---Do you know everybody ________ came to the party?
---No, I don’t know the one________ you had a long talk with near the door.
A. who;/ B. whose; that C. that; which D. /; whom
27. The boy________ won the first prize is called Roy.
A. when B. whom C. who D. which
28.Children like houses ________ are painted in different colours.
A. which B. they C. those D. what
29.Do you think most students prefer tests ________ have easy questions?
A. who B. where C. that D.
it
30. He is one of the experienced engineers in this factory ____ hard work was repaid with the development of the factory.
A. where B. whose C. in which D. that
31. The number of people ___________ lost homes reached 250,000.
A. which B. who C. whom D. /
32. At last, the man handed everything ____________ he had stolen to the police.
A. which B. whom C. whatever D. that
33. Everything ___________ he said is true.
A. that B. what . which who
34. He _________ plays with fire gets burned.
A. which B. who C. that D. what
35. This is the building in __________ he lives.
A. that B. where C. which D. what
36. There is nothing ___________ I can do for you.
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
37. Mr Zhang is the doctor ____________ house is near ours.
A. who B. whose C. that D. /
38. Most of the students are afraid of the teachers _____________ strict with students.
A. who is B. that is C. which are D. who are
高考题定语从句真题
1. The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
2. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this B. that C. what D. which
3. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _________, of course, make all the others upset.
A. who B. which C. what D. that
4. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family.
A. which B. where C. when D. as
5.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.
A. they B. where C. what D. that
6. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years.
A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which
7. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy
ice-cream.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
8. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.
A. when B. which C. where D. while
9. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently.
A. which B. what C. them D. those
10. A bank is the place ____ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. (2011浙江卷)10
A. when B. that C. where D. there
11. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. which B. where C. what D. who
12. The school shop, ________ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.
A. which B. whose C. when D. where
13. The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A. when B. that C. where D. which
14. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, ___ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A. which B. where C. who D. that
15. Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of _________ she spoke fluently.
A. who B. whom C. which D. that