【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习考点讲解学案之小题狂练③ 9页

小题狂练③‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎[2019·重庆调研]‎ After studying Mandarin(普通话) at a university in London, I decided to further develop my language skills in Beijing. My choice of __1__ was Hutong School Beijing.‎ Hutong School Beijing not only __2__ language classes but also helps with accommodation, visas, and anything you could __3__ need help with. They also organize __4__ events, which is nice when you're living somewhere you don't actually __5__anyone.‎ After a 10hour flight, I __6__ early in the morning. I __7__ up my suitcase, made my way to the exit and met the Hutong School Beijing representative. He took me to my __8__， which was located in Dongzhimen, a really nice and __9__ location, only 2 stops to Tian'anmen Square. However, the apartment was not quite as “nice” as __10__ on the website. And I just had two __11__ : a German guy who would be there for four months learning __12__， and a Spanish guy who works for Hutong School Beijing.‎ After __13__ in, the representative took me to __14__ with the local police, which you need to do as a “resident”. Then, he took me to Hutong School Beijing to __15__ a level assessment, arrange my __16__ and take me to meet my teachers.‎ The school is, well __17__ of what one would expect or is implied by the __18__ not actually located in the hutongs, but located on the 15th floor of a skyscraper. Obviously it was less charming but it did __19__ for great views.‎ There, I had a 2hour private class every day and my teachers were just lovely. Being in China and constantly being completely __20__ in Chinese improved my Mandarin so much.‎ 体裁：记叙文　题材：语言学习　主题：初次到北京的胡同学校学习汉语的经历 ‎【文章大意】　本文介绍了作者在伦敦学习普通话之后，初次来到北京的胡同学校学习汉语的经历和感受。‎ ‎1．A.agency B．office C．institute D．class 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“After studying Mandarin(普通话) at a university in London，I decided to further develop my ‎ language skills in Beijing”可知，作者在伦敦的大学学习普通话之后决定到北京进一步学习，因此可以推断出作者要选择一个教育机构(institute)。空后的“Hutong School Beijing”也提示了作者选择了一个教育机构，故选C项。‎ ‎2．A.serves B．designs C．operates D．offers 答案与解析：D　胡同学校不仅提供(offers)语言课程，而且帮助寻找住处、办理签证，以及帮助任何你可能需要帮助的(地方)。由上文可知，胡同学校是作者学习语言的学校，故应提供语言课程。offer“提供”，故选D项。‎ ‎3．A.possibly B．frequently C．naturally D．hardly 答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。possibly“可能地”；frequently“频繁地，经常”；naturally“自然地，顺理成章地”；hardly“几乎不”。选A项。‎ ‎4．A.cultural B．academic C．social D．financial 答案与解析：C　他们也组织社会活动，当你生活在一个完全陌生的地方，这的确是很有用的。social event“社会活动”。cultural“文化的”；academic“学术的”；social“社会的”；financial“财政的”。故选C项。‎ ‎5．A.meet B．know C．like D．recognize 答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎6．A.stopped B．arrived C．rested D．waited 答案与解析：B　坐了10个小时的飞机后，作者一早到达了。stop“停止”；arrive“到达”；rest“休息”；wait“等待”。选B项。‎ ‎7．A.put B．caught C．lifted D．picked 答案与解析：D　作者拿起了手提箱，走到出口，见到了胡同学校的代表。pick up“拿起，捡起”。‎ ‎8．A.company B．school C．apartment D．station 答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“However, the apartment was not quite as ‘nice’ as __10__ on the website”可知，此处说的是“公寓(apartment)”，故选C项。‎ ‎9．A.quiet B．plain C．cheap D．central 答案与解析：D　根据空后的“only 2 stops to Tian'anmen Square”可知，公寓处于中心(central)位置。quiet“安静的”；plain“朴素的；简单的”；cheap“便宜的”；central“中心的”。选D项。‎ ‎10．A.presented B．explored C．sought D．painted 答案与解析：A　然而，这个公寓并不像网上展示的那样好。present“展示”；explore“探索”；seek“寻找，探寻”；paint“绘画”，故选A项。‎ ‎11．A.teachers B．roommates C．customers D．classmates 答案与解析：B　根据上文中提及的“apartment”及空后的“a German guy who would be there for four months learning __12__， and a Spanish guy who works for Hutong School Beijing”可知，作者在公寓里有两个室友(roommates)。‎ ‎12．A.Chinese B．German C．English D．Spanish 答案与解析：A　由前文可知，作者是来学习汉语的，故室友也是来学习汉语(Chinese)的，故选A项。‎ ‎13．A.bringing B．joining C．settling D．taking 答案与解析：C　安顿下来后，这位代表带作者到当地警察局登记，这是作为住户应该做的。settle in“安顿下来”，故选C项。‎ ‎14．A.register B．associate C．negotiate D．connect 答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。register“登记”；associate“联想；联系”；negotiate“谈判，协商”；connect“连接；联结”，故选A项。‎ ‎15．A.study B．pay C．adapt D．get 答案与解析：D　然后，他带作者去胡同学校接受水平评估，安排作者的日程表并且带作者去见老师。作者刚到学校，因此应该接受水平评估。study“学习”；pay“支付”；adapt“适应”；get“受到，得到”，故D项符合语境。‎ ‎16．A.party B．schedule C．tour D．report 答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。party“聚会”；schedule“工作计划；日程安排”；tour“巡回演出；旅行”；report“报告”，故选B项。‎ ‎17．A.on the whole B．by the way C．as a result D．on the contrary 答案与解析：D　这所学校和(人们)所期待的或者它的名字蕴含的意思正好相反，它不在胡同里，而是位于摩天大楼的第十五层。on the whole“大体上，总的来看”；by the way“顺便说一下”；as a result“结果”；on the contrary“正相反”，故选D项。‎ ‎18．A.name B．representative C．nature D．teacher 答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。作者认为胡同学校按照名字的字面意思应该在胡同里，而这所学校却在摩天大楼里，故选A项。‎ ‎19．A.take B．look C．make D．long 答案与解析：C　显然，它不那么迷人，但它确实利于(make for)观景，故选C项。‎ ‎20．A.lost B．involved C．stuck D．interested 答案与解析：B　身处中国并且不断地完全融入汉语(环境)大大地提高了作者的汉语水平。be lost in“全神贯注于，沉湎于”；be involved in“参与，置身于”；be stuck in “被困在……中”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故选B项。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎[2019·河南省豫北名校质量评估]‎ If you're a firsttime language learner, you know that emotional(情感的) ups and downs are a normal situation. When you understand a concept or begin to comprehend the language, you may ‎ experience feelings of excitement. However, those are often followed by moments of disappointment and discouragement, during which you might feel as if you will never master the concepts and attain the ability to understand and communicate effectively. __21__.‎ Learn vocabulary effectively Vocabulary is the most important part of communication. The more words you know, the more you can say and understand. The absolute best way to learn vocabulary is through the use of flash cards that you make yourself. Purchase a set of 3×5 index cards(索引卡片) and cut them in half. __22__. As you learn more information about each word. e．g. plural forms of nouns and principle parts of verbs, you can add these to the cards.‎ ‎__23__‎ Research shows that language students learn more effectively and acquire more when they study frequently for shorter periods of time than if they study infrequently for extended periods of time. __24__. This means doing a few homework exercises each day rather than doing all homework exercises the night before they are due.‎ Practice language actively ‎__25__. Say vocabulary words out loud, read passages in the text aloud, do pronunciation activities orally and not just mentally. Write out the answers to activities rather than gliding through them in your mind. Read aloud entire sentences in an activity rather than just reading a fillin response. Transferring language from your mind to your mouth is a skill that requires a great deal of practice.‎ A．Break study time into smaller periods B．Then use flash cards as a learning tool C．Try to study each day, and several times a day D．The timetested approaches are effective in your learning E．Write a word on the front and its English definition on the back F．Whenever possible, speak the language aloud rather than reciting silently to yourself G．Below are some approaches that will relieve your potential frustration and help you succeed in language learning 体裁：说明文　题材：语言学习　主题：语言学习的建议 ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，主要为语言初学者提供了学习语言的三条建议。‎ ‎21．答案与解析：G　根据上文提到的语言初学者会在学习语言的过程中遇到挫折，认为自己不可能掌握那些概念，也不能获得有效地理解和进行交流的能力的内容及下文给出的三条学习语言的建议可知，此处应填一个起承上启下作用的句子。G项“下面是一些将缓解你潜在的挫折感，帮助你在语言学习方面取得成功的方法”符合语境。‎ ‎22．答案与解析：E　根据空后的“As you learn more information about each word... you can add these to the cards”可知，当你学到更多有关每个单词的信息时，你可以把它们添加到卡片上。因此空处内容应涉及在卡片上记某些东西，故E项“把单词写在卡片的正面，并把它的英语释义写在背面”符合语境。‎ ‎23．答案与解析：A　根据本段内容可知，语言学习者把学习时间分成各个小段来频繁地学习比一次学习很长时间取得的效果要好，因此本段提供的学习方法应是把学习时间分成小段来进行学习，故A项符合语境。‎ ‎24．答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“This means doing a few homework exercises each day rather than doing all homework exercises the night before they are due”可知，此处是说每天应该做一些家庭作业而不是拖到最后一刻一次性完成，故C项“试着每天都学习，并且一天学习多次”符合语境。‎ ‎25．答案与解析：F　根据本段的小标题“Practice language actively”可知，本段主要讲的是要积极地练习语言，故F项“只要有可能，大声地说出这门语言，而不是静静地背给自己听”符合语境。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎[2019·兰州实战考试]‎ What is reading?‎ Reading is actually a very complex process that requires a great deal of active __26__ (participate) on the part of the reader. It is an active thinking process involving the interaction between the reader and the print. That is to say, the reader's former knowledge about the topic to __27__ (read) and his language knowledge (vocabulary and grammar) directly affect his understanding of the reading material and __28__ turn, the new information about the topic __29__ (contain) in the reading material will enlarge the reader's former ‎ knowledge.‎ Reading is a very important __30__ (mean) of gaining knowledge about culture, custom, science, education and technology from others or other countries. It is a good way of learning the most advanced high technology __31__ (serve) the needs of the social development and the interests of our people. Reading is __32__ inseparable component of the English learning. We should lay solid foundations for our advanced education, and we can master the language by reading __33__ (large). However, it is a very complex activity __34__ involves almost all psychological processes __35__ (include) sensation, perception, motor behavior, motivation, attention, emotion, cognition and all kinds of memory.‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：语言学习　主题：阅读的定义和意义 ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是阅读。‎ ‎26．答案与解析：participation　考查词形转换。根据语境可知，此处指的是需要大量的主动参与，所以要用其名词形式participation。‎ ‎27．答案与解析：be read　考查非谓语动词。根据句子的结构可以判断出，此处是动词不定式作后置定语，且the topic和read是逻辑被动关系，故填be read。‎ ‎28．答案与解析：in　考查介词。读者关于要读的话题的已有知识以及他的语言知识(词汇和语法)直接影响他对阅读材料的理解；相应地，包含在阅读材料中的关于这个话题的新信息将扩大读者以前的知识面。短语in turn“相应地；轮流地；依次地”，符合语境。‎ ‎29．答案与解析：contained　考查非谓语动词。根据句子的结构可知，the topic与contain之间为逻辑动宾关系，要用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎30．答案与解析：means　考查词形转换。此处要用其名词形式means，意为“方法，手段”，此词作此意讲时是单复同形名词。‎ ‎【知识储备】　注意英语中有些词，由于加了s，意思发生了变化，如goods“商品”。‎ ‎31．答案与解析：to serve　考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，此处要用动词不定式作目的状语，目的是服务于社会发展的需要和人民利益。‎ ‎32．答案与解析：an　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，“阅读是英语学习的一个不可分割的组成部分”；又因为inseparable以元音音素开头，故用an。‎ ‎33．答案与解析：largely　考查词形转换。根据句子的结构可知，要用副词修饰动词reading，意为“大量地阅读”。‎ ‎34．答案与解析：that/which　考查关系代词。根据句子的结构可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词是activity，关系词在从句中作主语且指物，要用关系代词that/which。‎ ‎【知识储备】　对于定语从句中关系词的选用，要特别注意其在从句中所充当的成分。‎ ‎35．答案与解析：including　考查词形转换。根据句子的结构可知，此处指的是“包括……在内”，所以要用介词including。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎[2019·甘肃省重点中学第一次联考]‎ Welcome to our English Corner. This Corner was set up three years before. Every Sunday morning, students from different school and some foreigners often took part. Gather around here, we practise spoken English by talking about everything we are interested. We also exchange my experience in English study. We all have a good time here. Thousands of people have been here since it is set up. We think that they have learned a lot of by taking part in activities here. However, it is a really supplement (补充物) to our English class. If you want to know much about the Corner, you may talk to the students here.‎ 答案：‎ Welcome to our English Corner. This Corner was set up three years . Every Sunday morning, students from different and some foreigners often took part. around here, we practise spoken English by talking about everything we are interested . We also exchange experience in English study. We all have a good time here. Thousands of people have been here since it set up. We think that they have learned a lot by taking part in activities here. ， it is a supplement (补充物) ‎ to our English class. If you want to know about the Corner, you may talk to the students here.‎ ‎①before改为ago。ago常与一般过去时连用；before常与过去完成时连用，表示“在……之前”。根据上下文可知，此处表示三年前，为一般过去时，故将before改为ago。‎ ‎②school改为schools。根据语境可知，学生来自不同的学校，所以要用复数形式，故将school改为schools。‎ ‎③Gather改为Gathering。分析句子结构可知，Gather与we是逻辑主动关系，所以用Gather的现在分词形式作方式状语，故将Gather改为Gathering。‎ ‎④在interested后加in。be interested in sth.意为“对……感兴趣”。分析句子结构可知，everything后为省略了that的定语从句，that在从句中作介词in的宾语，故在interested后加in。‎ ‎⑤my改为our。“We also exchange my experience in English study”的主语是We，结合语境可知，此处指“我们交流在学习英语上的经验”，因此人称应保持一致，故将my改为our。‎ ‎⑥is改为was。since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……时候”，主句用现在完成时，从句用过去时，故将is改为was。‎ ‎⑦删除of。a lot表示“大量，很多”，后接of时，of后应接宾语。分析句子结构可知，文中of后没有成分作of的宾语，所以of为多余成分，故删除。‎ ‎⑧However改为Besides。根据上下文可知。此处不是转折含义，而是表示顺承和递进，因此将However改为Besides。‎ ‎⑨really改为real。此处应用形容词修饰名词，故将really改为real。‎ ‎⑩much改为more。根据语境可知，此处表示“如果你想了解更多(的信息)”，故将much改为more。‎