2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案（17页） 17页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes单元学案 单元基础词汇语法回顾 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．All the failures ________(毁灭) all Jane's hopes for success.‎ ‎2．If you can't keep your pet, you can give it to an animal ________(庇护所)．‎ ‎3．If your brain ________(判断)the information important, it places it in your memory “files”．‎ ‎4．Although we are suffering such a severe natural __________(灾难)，we will never lose heart.‎ ‎5．Everyone can do something for our environment. For me, I should try to save ________(电)in my daily life.‎ ‎6．The wildlife at night is very dangerous, so you have to be ________(极其) careful.‎ ‎7．I had spent much time on the work but the manager told me it was ________(无用的)．‎ ‎8．On reaching the top of the mountain, we were __________(震惊的) to see the view after the big fire.‎ ‎9．David tried to use his left hand to work because he __________(受伤) his right hand in a fire.‎ ‎10．It's a good time to go hunting after it snows, because it is easier to follow the animals' ________(踪迹)．‎ 答案 ‎1．destroyed　2.shelter　3.judges　4.disaster ‎5．electricity　6.extremely　7.useless　8.shocked ‎9．injured　10.tracks Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Many students are ________ (trap) in the burning building.‎ ‎2．After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you were ________ (bury) under piles of law books.‎ ‎3．The man was too ________ (frighten) to stand up.‎ ‎4．We sent our ________ (congratulate) to her when she passed the exam.‎ ‎5．In my ________ (judge), it is a wise choice.‎ ‎6．I wish you success in the future ________ (sincere)．‎ ‎7．I wish ________ (express) my delight on this occasion.‎ ‎8．The pleasant and charming environment of the city makes many tourists ________ (burst) into it.‎ ‎9．He got ________ (injury) in the right leg while playing football last week.‎ ‎10．I was ________ (shock) when I heard about your accident.‎ ‎11．I can't imagine ________ (live) without water.‎ ‎12．My holiday is ________ an end and I must go back to work tomorrow.‎ ‎13．He went through a lot of ________ (suffer) before new ‎ China was founded.‎ ‎14．Shelters were put ________ for the victims.‎ ‎15．He was proud ________ his hometown and took pride ________ the achievement he had made.‎ ‎16．We should pay attention to________ (protect) the environment.‎ ‎17．________ (bury) in doing research on wild plants, he seldom returned home.‎ ‎18．The survivors ________ houses were destroyed were put up in the temporary tents.‎ ‎19．The number of people who were killed ________ (reach) more than 40,000 so far.‎ ‎20．Seeing his funny action, the audience burst out ________ (laugh)．‎ 答案 ‎1．trapped　2.buried　3.frightened　4.congratulations ‎5．judgement　6.sincerely　7.to express　8.burst ‎9．injured　10.shocked　11.living　12.at　13.sufferings ‎14．up　15.of; in　16.protecting　17.Buried　18.whose ‎19．has reached　20.laughing Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．The whole city was completely destroyed in the sudden flood, leaving everything to the native people.________‎ ‎2．Standing in the village which lay in ruin, the old man couldn't help thinking a lot and became very sad.________‎ ‎3．Following the girl, we went into a hall, on which walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.________‎ ‎4．A number of high buildings has arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.________‎ ‎5．But the people of the city, they thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night.________‎ ‎6．An accident happened. Luckily, nobody badly injured.________‎ 答案 ‎1．everything改为nothing　2.ruin改为ruins ‎3．which改为whose　4.has改为have　5.they改为who ‎6．noboday后加was Ⅳ.语法填空 No one knows for sure when a fire will happen, so it is __1__ (extreme) necessary to make preparations before a fire starts. Check the fire escape in advance and make sure that you can find __2__ in the dark when lights have failed. Find out __3__ the nearest fire extinguisher (灭火器) is and read the instructions to learn how __4__ (use) it.‎ Don't lose your head when a fire breaks out. First, telephone the fire department immediately when __5__ fire just gets started. Take care not to be overcome by smoke, __6__ can kill you quickly. Cover your mouth __7__a wet towel or cloth, and avoid getting into the smoke. Don't get in an elevator, as you may get trapped if the electricity __8__ (fail). If you can not ‎ get away __9__ yourself, it is of great importance to hang something out of the window to attract attention as a sign of asking for help.‎ In short, if you make preparations before hand and take precautions (预防措施) during the fire, chances are that __10__ will survive in case of a fire if it really breaks out some day.‎ 答案 ‎1．extremely　2.it　3.where　4.to use　5.the　6.which ‎7．with　8.fails　9.by　10.you Ⅴ.短文改错 Boys and girls，‎ May I have your attention, please?‎ There will a lecture in our library, at 4：00 on Wednesday afternoon. We are very honour to have invited Professor Tang Wenfang, who has been studied cultural differences in Tsinghua University for many years, in talk about the differences between American and Chinese cultures, that may be quite an interested topic. After a lecture, you are welcome to share your experience in China with everyone else present. Since you have stayed in China for half a year, because you have anything that what puzzles you, it would be great to talk with Mr.Tang. He will be glad to communicate with you. Please be present on time.‎ That's all. Thank you.‎ 答案 Boys and girls，‎ May I have your attention, please?‎ There will a lecture in our library, at 4：00 on Wednesday afternoon. We are very to have invited Professor Tang Wenfang, who has been cultural differences in Tsinghua University for many years, talk about the differences between American and Chinese cultures, may be quite an topic. After lecture, you are welcome to share your in China with everyone else present. Since you have stayed in China for half a year, you have anything that puzzles you, it would be great to talk with Mr.Tang. He will be glad to communicate with you. Please be present on time.‎ That's all. Thank you.‎ 单元能力训练与技巧指导 Ⅰ.完形填空 A year ago, when my siblings (兄弟姐妹) and I left home, my parents moved to the other side of the country. They had built a beautiful house and they love their new, pleasant __1__. My ‎ dad still works, but Mum __2__ early last year and is now __3__ and becoming increasingly unhappy and __4__. She has tried joining clubs, __5__ people and integrating (融入群体) into her new community but without any luck.‎ She still knows no one despite her best __6__. The area they have moved to is closed and __7__ to strangers. She is many miles from her old friends and family, __8__ all day, every day with only pets for company. She is very intelligent, artistic, loyal and funny — a truly amazing person. She has always had lovely friends and been __9__ and busy. It is breaking my heart to watch her __10__ loneliness and so many knockbacks (挫折)．‎ Recently, when I chat to her, I have noticed her low __11__ — she jokes that she feels as if she is __12__ a bit of craziness from the quiet and __13__. After many years of working and __14__ a family, she should be finally free to enjoy herself. __15__， my siblings and I do not live nearby so we cannot visit her frequently — we all keep in contact with her by phone. My dad doesn't understand her __16__ as he is out at work all day. He is busy with his job and cannot understand how she can be so unhappy when living in such a beautiful place and without the pressure of work. He is at a loss how he can __17__ things and feels guilty and __18__ for how she feels. It has got so bad that they are __19__ moving again to a different area. However, I am in favor of that.‎ Friendship and __20__ are far more important than a fancy house.‎ 语篇解读：母亲退休后，搬了新家，尽管房子很漂亮，但在新的地方，习惯了忙碌的母亲却感到不快乐和孤独，作者由此得出：在人生中，友谊和快乐远比昂贵奢华的房子重要。‎ ‎1．A.scenery　　　　　　 B．surroundings C．atmosphere D．attraction 解析：选B　根据前文的“my parents moved to the other side of the country ... love their new, pleasant”可知，他们在那里建造了新家并且也很喜欢那儿的环境。故选B。scenery“景色，风景”；surroundings“环境”；atmosphere“气氛”；attraction“吸引人的事物”。‎ ‎2．A.dismissed B．displaced C．retired D．removed 解析：选C　根据前文的“My dad still works”及“but”可知，此处前后是转折关系，所以这里表示母亲已经退休。故选C。dismiss“解雇”；displace“取代”；retire“退休”；remove“搬走”。‎ ‎3．A.struggling B．imagining C．seeking D．attempting 解析：选A　根据空后的“and becoming increasingly unhappy and __4__”可知，母亲不太适应新的环境，所以此处表示母亲正努力适应环境。故选A。struggle“奋斗，努力”；imagine“想象”；seek“寻找”；attempt“企图”。‎ ‎4．A.available B．satisfied C．painful D．alone 解析：选D　根据后文的“She has tried joining clubs，__5__ people and integrating (融入群体) into her new community but without any luck.”可知，她变得越来越不开心和孤独。故选D。available“可获得的”；satisfied“满足的”；painful“痛苦的”；alone“孤独的”。‎ ‎5．A.meeting B．recognizing C．tracking D．calling 解析：选A　根据前文的“She has tried joining clubs”可知，此处与前后文在语义上形成并列，即她曾经尝试着加入俱乐部，结识周围的人们，融入新的社区，但都不是那么幸运，故选A。meet“结识，相识”；recognize“辨别出，承认”；track“跟踪”；call“打电话”。‎ ‎6．A.comments B．regards ‎ C．efforts D．pains 解析：选C　根据前文的“... but without any luck”可知，尽管母亲付出了很大的努力但仍一个人也不认识，故选C。comment“评论”；regards“致意，问候”；effort“努力”；pain“痛苦”。‎ ‎7．A.illegal B．unfriendly C．dishonest D．innocent 解析：选B　此处表示我父母搬来的这个地方很封闭，对待陌生人也不友好，故选B。空前的closed“封闭的，闭关自守的”是解题的关键。illegal“不合法的”；unfriendly“不友好的”；dishonest“不诚实的”；innocent“纯真的，无辜的”。‎ ‎8．A.stuck B．lost C．sleepy D．addicted 解析：选A　分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰句子的主语She。根据前文的“She is many miles from her old friends and family”及后文的“every day with only pets for company”可知，此处表示她整天困在家中，故选A。stuck“困住的”；lost“迷失的”；sleepy “瞌睡的”；addicted“入迷的，上瘾的”。‎ ‎9．A.graceful B．messy C．aggressive D．happy 解析：选D　根据倒数第二段中的“He is busy with his job and cannot understand how she can be so unhappy”可知，母亲曾经是很幸福快乐的，搬家前后的生活形成了对比，故选D。graceful“优雅的”；messy “凌乱的”；aggressive“好斗的，声势浩大的”；happy“高兴的，幸福的”。‎ ‎10．A.escape B．bear C．undertake D．solve 解析：选B　此处表示看到母亲忍受孤独和打击，我的心就要碎了，故选B。escape“逃跑”；bear“忍受”；undertake“从事”；solve“解决”。‎ ‎11．A.attitude B．condition C．determination D．mood 解析：选D　此处表示我注意到母亲的情绪有点低落，故选D。attitude“态度”；condition“状况，状态”；determination“决心”；mood“情绪”。‎ ‎12．A.making up B．going through C．pursuing D．witnessing 解析：选B　此处表示母亲开玩笑似的说她好像正在经历来自安静和孤独的一丝疯狂，故选B。make up “编造，化妆”；go through“经历”；pursue“追求”；witness“目击，见证”。‎ ‎13．A.pressure B．loss C．loneliness D．ambition 解析：选C　根据前文“It is breaking my heart to watch her __10__ loneliness and so many knockbacks(挫折)．”可知，此处为原词复现，故选C。pressure“压力”；loss“丢失”；loneliness“孤独”；ambition“野心，志向”。‎ ‎14．A.supporting B．providing C．protecting D．educating 解析：选A　此处表示多年的工作和养育一家人后，她本可以自由地享受生活。此处supporting a family意为“养育一家人”，符合语境，故选A。support“养活，赡养，维持”；provide“提供”；protect“保护”；educate“教育”。‎ ‎15．A.Unbelievably B．Remarkably C．Unfortunately D．Especially 解析：选C　根据后文的“my siblings and I do not live nearby so we cannot visit her frequently — we all keep in contact with her by phone”可知，我和兄弟姐妹由于住的离母亲远，只能通过电话与她联系，所以此处应填Unfortunately“不幸地”，故选C。unbelievably“难以置信地”；remarkably“非凡地，引人注目地”；especially“尤其”。‎ ‎16．A.intention B．experience C．character D．situation 解析：选D　根据后文的“as he is out at work all day”可知，‎ 父亲整天在外面上班，他不能够理解母亲现在的状况，故选D。intention“意图”；experience“经历”；character“性格”；situation“情况，状况”。‎ ‎17．A.change B．observe C．appreciate D．increase 解析：选A　此处表示他也不知道如何改变现状，故选A。change“改变”；observe“观察”；appreciate“欣赏，感激”；increase“提高”。‎ ‎18．A.confused B．slim C．sad D．relaxed 解析：选C　此处表示父亲不知道如何改变现状，对母亲的感受感到内疚和忧伤，故选C。confused“迷惑的”；slim“小的，苗条的”；sad“忧伤的，难过的”；relaxed“放松的”。‎ ‎19．A.admitting B．considering C．enjoying D．avoiding 解析：选B　根据前文的“He is at a loss how he can __17__ things and feels guilty and __18__ for how she feels”可知，此处表示家人正在考虑搬到另外一个地方，故选B。admit“承认”；consider“考虑”；enjoy“享受”；avoid“避免”。‎ ‎20．A.excitement B．embarrassment C．disappointment D．enjoyment 解析：选D　此处表示友谊和快乐远比昂贵奢华的房子重要。故选D。excitement“兴奋”；embarrassment“尴尬”；disappointment“失望”；enjoyment“快乐”。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 For 26 years, Tess Heidelberger's wedding dress was sitting in a dusty box in her basement next to her Christmas decorations. She felt it was __1__waste, and then thought of her plain Christmas tree skirt on the top of the Christmas decorations. So she came up __2__an idea of putting the two of __3__ (they) together, and wanted to turn part of her wedding gown (长袍) into a tree skirt.‎ Tess, __4__ (live) in Mauldin, purchased the wedding dress in 1989, __5__had all the features of 80s bridal style. She got married the following year. Her daughters had no interest in wearing it as they felt it was __6__ (complete) outofdate. So Tess made a __7__ (decide) to make the dress an art project.‎ She got a pair of scissors and a bottle of glue (胶水) and got to work. All she needed to buy were some pretty ribbons to cover the glue, because she had already had a plain Christmas tree skirt __8__ (put) underneath the wedding dress. When everything was ready, she pinned the wedding dress skirt on the plain Christmas tree skirt until it was the way she liked. Then she __9__ (decorate) the dress skirt.‎ In all, Tess only spent an hour completing it. She was very pleased with the __10__ (finish) product.‎ 语篇解读：Tess Heidelberger将自己的婚纱改成了一件圣诞树裙，她对自己的这件作品很满意。‎ ‎1．a　第一次提到的名词用不定冠词a。‎ ‎2．with　come up with“提出”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎3．them　介词of后需接宾格。‎ ‎4．living　live与逻辑主语Tess之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。‎ ‎5．which　此处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，指代物，故用which。‎ ‎6．completely　修饰形容词outofdate应用副词形式。‎ ‎7．decision　根据不定冠词a可知此处应用名词形式。‎ ‎8．to put　此处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。‎ ‎9．decorated　decorate这个动作发生在过去，需用过去式。‎ ‎10．finished　finish与product之间是被动关系，且动作已经完成，故用过去分词形式。‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 The reason why some of us enjoy taking risks might have something to do with early humans.Risktakers were better at hunting, fighting or exploring. Being better at those things meant a __1__ (great) chance of survival.As the quality of risktaking __2__ (pass) from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.‎ You may wonder __3__ not all people enjoy taking risks.Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risktaking could get one __4__ (kill)．As a result, humans developed a range of character types __5__ still exist today.So maybe you love car racing, __6__ maybe you hate it.It all depends on your character.‎ No matter where you are on the riskseeking range,‎ ‎ scientists say that your __7__ (willing) to take risks increases during your teenage years.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.__8__ (help) you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean __9__ (take) some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.‎ As experts continue studying human brains, we'll know more __10__ the science of riskseeking.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了人们喜欢冒险的原因和科学依据。‎ ‎1．greater　这里用great的比较级与句中的better相呼应。‎ ‎2．was passed　主语“the quality of risktaking”是谓语动词动作pass的承受者，需用被动语态；这里是描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。‎ ‎3．why　本空后的内容解释了为什么不是所有的人都喜欢冒险，故用why引导宾语从句。‎ ‎4．killed　过去分词killed作宾语补足语，宾语one与宾补动作kill之间是动宾关系。‎ ‎5．that/which　关系代词that/which指代先行词“a range of character types”， 引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎6．or　前后两个分句在意义上是选择关系，故用or连接。‎ ‎7．willingness　空格中所填单词前有形容词性物主代词your，且在句中作主语，故用willing的名词形式。‎ ‎8．To help　“To help you do that”是不定式短语作目的状语。‎ ‎9．taking　mean doing sth.意思是“意味着做某事”。‎ ‎10．about　know about sth.是习惯搭配，意思是“了解，知道”。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 Dear Mr.Smith，‎ I'm Li Hua, a student from Hongxing Middle School.On behalf of our school, I'd like to congratulating you on the new world record you have set.But I'm delighted to invite you to give a speech about that you have experienced.You are very popular in our school now and your stories publishing in the newspapers is a great encouragement to many students.‎ The activity would be held in our school hall on November 17th, starting with at 3 pm and lasting 2 hours.The audience may include all the student, staff and some parents.I sincere hope you can come and make wonderful speech.‎ I'm looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：第二句：congratulating→congratulate 第三句：But→And; that→what 第四句：publishing→published; is→are 第五句：would→will; 去掉with 第六句：student→students 第七句：sincere→sincerely; make后加a Ⅲ.书面表达 假定你是李华。你将在寒假参加一个名为“英国名校两周游”的冬令营。请你给去年回国的外教Bryan写一封电子邮件。内容包括：‎ ‎1．告诉他你的行程；‎ ‎2．请他推荐一些旅游景点；‎ ‎3．希望能见到他。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Bryan, ‎ How time flies! It has been a year since you went back home.All of us miss you very much.I am writing to tell you about my trip to the UK during the coming winter vacation.‎ I am planning to join a twoweek program to visit some famous universities in the UK.We are scheduled to stay in London from January 28th to February 11th, when we are organized to visit universities such as Cambridge and Oxford.Could you recommend some mustsee tourist attractions to me so that I can learn more about the UK? I am wondering whether I can meet you during my stay.‎ I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply.‎ Yours, ‎ Li Hua