2020届外研版高考英语新一轮复习专练：必修1Module4课下作业（一、二） 6页

必修1 Module 4 课下作业（一、二）‎ 课下作业（一） 单元语基扎根练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．If necessary, please feel free to contact (联系) me via email or call me at 56667187.‎ ‎2．Emily has to ride a bike across town to work every day because she can't afford (买得起，有能力支付) a car or the expensive rent near her company.‎ ‎3．To try to lose weight, the girl starves (使挨饿) herself every night. ‎ ‎4．What bothers (烦扰) me most is how I can get so much money for the project. ‎ ‎5．It is not known how the early humans survive (活下来) in the cold environment of ancient northern Europe.‎ ‎6．Mrs Smith said something good about my composition, so I felt pretty (很；相当) happy. ‎ ‎7．Although the idea sounds (听起来) wonderful, I'm not sure whether it is practical.‎ ‎8．The money used for building the library was donated by a local (当地的) businessman.‎ Ⅱ.语境语法填空 ‎1．He ❶approached (approach)a restaurant nearby, but he couldn't afford a meal. He was ❷starving (starve) to death. It was ❸fortunate (fortune) that he met a kindhearted man who helped him get away ❹from the trouble. The ❺tourist (tour) ❻survived (survive) finally.‎ ‎2．With the prices of houses going ❶up,_the young man can't afford ❷to_buy_ (buy) a new house in the big city. ‎ ‎3．In an apartment lived a girl who looked ❶like a boy. It was a year ❷since she had come here. The other day, it was the first time that I ❸had_heard (hear) her play the piano. It ❹sounded (sound) like a sad story. ‎ ‎4．So far, the closure of the factory ❶has_left (leave) hundreds of men ❷unemployed (employ)．‎ Ⅲ.语境改错 ‎1．文中共有5处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。‎ The villagers felt fortunate to survive from the earthquake. With the help of the government, they didn't bother themselves about food and shelter. They exchanged ideas for each other as to how to rebuild their hometowns. It has been one year since the earthquake break out. So far many new houses have put up, and the villagers' life has returned to normal.‎ 答案：第一句：去掉from 第三句：for→with; hometowns→hometown 第四句：break→broke 第五句：have后加been ‎2．文中共有4处错误，每句中最多有一处，请找出并改正。‎ Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years. A great many of highrise buildings have been put up. Our economy is going down. Up to now, we got away from poverty. We are living a happy life now. I believe only if we work hard can we make that.‎ 答案：第二句：去掉of 第三句：down→up 第四句：got前加have 第六句：that→it Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．我不会费事去做那些累人且无用的事情。(bother)‎ I won't bother_to_do/doing those tiring and useless things.‎ ‎2．很多鸟类在冬天来临之际飞向南方。(approach)‎ Many kinds of birds fly south_at_the_approach_of_winter.‎ ‎3．史密斯一家已有十年不在这套公寓里居住了。(since)‎ It_has_been_ten_years_since the Smiths lived in this apartment.‎ ‎4．去年很多建筑物在市中心被建造起来了。(put up)‎ A_lot_of_buildings_were_put_up in the downtown district last year.‎ ‎5．老妇人比她的丈夫多活了十年。(survive)‎ The old woman survived_her_husband_by_ten_years.‎ Ⅴ.短文填空 ‎(Ⅰ)根据提示填空 ‎❶Moving (move) into a new home in a new neighbourhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted and ❷valuable (value) part of your new neighbourhood. The easiest way ❸to_accomplish (accomplish) this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbour should. Here are a few ❹tips (tip) to help you win over everyone in the neighbourhood quickly.‎ Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbour is to keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. People tend to ❺take_pride_in (以……为豪) keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you ❻will_help (help) to improve the look and feel of the area. ‎ Second, take the overall appearance of the neighbourhood seriously. When going for a walk, ❼take_along (随身携带) a small garbage bag. Should you ❽come_across (偶遇) waste paper thrown out of a passing car, ❾pick_it_up (把它捡起来). This small act will let your neighbours know that you ❿care_about (关心) the area. ‎ ‎(Ⅱ)片段选词填空 get along well with， rush over， at all costs， all kinds of， be friendly to， come over， pay a visit， watch out for ‎ What does it take to be a good neighbour？Over the years I have had ❶all_kinds_of_neighbours, ones that were enjoyable and others that were to be avoided ❷at_all_costs.‎ One of the most important things in being a good neighbour is to respect the personal privacy.When someone new moves into the neighbourhood, you'd better wait and see when and how to go to ❸_pay_a_visit.If you go ❹rushing_over as soon as they move in, they may think you are going to be one of those neighbours that ❺come_over at all times of the day，not respecting their privacy.‎ It is a good idea to always ❻be_friendly_to everyone in the neighbourhood.This can not only make you ❼get_along_well_with them, but will also be a form of protection for your family and home.If you wave as they drive by or offer a friendly hello while they are out in their yard, it shows that you like them and try to be friendly.If you are cordial to them, they are much more likely to ❽watch_out_for any wrong doings going on around your home while you are out and let you know if anything happens.‎ 课下作业（二） 高考语篇提能练 A When 12 girls from San Fernando High School in California received a grant (助学金) to develop an invention to solve a realworld problem, they decided to create a solarpowered shelter.Now for over a year, the girls have been working after school and over their winter and spring breaks to complete their project.‎ ‎“They have this amazing drive that I've never seen before，” said Violet Mardirosian, a math teacher at San Fernando High.“I thought at the beginning that maybe some of them would give up, saying ‘I didn't expect this much work，’but they don't.They're just working hard and they're not giving up.”‎ Living in a lowincome community (社区)，the girls have seen the problem of homelessness firsthand, which is why they chose that population to create a product for.Many of them are also from immigrant families and hope the solarpowered shelter might help refugees (难民)．‎ Seventeenyearold Maggie Mejia said that while she had no engineering experience, the girls figured out as a team how to create the prototype (雏形), using howto videos and books that taught them how to code.But the most important lesson she's learned over the course of the project isn't technical.“I've learned a lot about helping others, helping the community and showing a better world to other people，” she said.‎ The girls have been invited to MIT to show their invention.Mardirosian says all the participating students have expressed interest in going into STEM ‎ ‎(science，technology，engineering, mathematics) fields and that students from lower grades are already expressing interest in being involved next year.She says, “Many of them didn't think about engineering before.They thought maybe they're not made out to be an engineer.But working together，now they realize they're all needed in this field.Everyone has found their importance in this picture.” ‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了十二名中学女生利用课余时间为无家可归者搭建了一所太阳能棚屋。‎ ‎1．Why did Mardirosian think some girls would quit the subject?‎ A．It was not practical in real life.‎ B．It demanded a lot of time and energy.‎ C．It was not supported by their math teacher.‎ D．It required a lot of money and expert knowledge.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I thought at the beginning ...expect this much work”可知，Mardirosian认为这一项目需要参与者做大量的工作，费时费力，所以有些女孩可能会知难而退。‎ ‎2．“Why did the girls decide to create a solarpowered shelter?‎ A．To save energy.　　　　 B．To win a scholarship.‎ C．To help the homeless. D．To be admitted to MIT.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Living in a lowincome community ...create a product for.”可知，女孩子们搭建太阳能棚屋是为了帮助无家可归者改善他们的生活状况。‎ ‎3．According to Maggie，what is the most valuable lesson she has learned from the project?‎ A．How to code.‎ B．The power of teamwork.‎ C．The way to teach herself.‎ D．How to make the world a better place.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段中Maggie所说的“I've learned a lot ...to other people”可知，通过这一项目，Maggie最大的收获是学会了帮助别人，帮助社区，让人们看到一个更美好的世界。‎ ‎4．What does Mardirosian think of the project?‎ A．It taught girls to be independent.‎ B．It should be continued next year.‎ C．It inspired girls' interest in STEM.‎ D．It showed the importance of engineering.‎ 解析：‎ 选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Mardirosian所说的话可知，她认为这一项目最重要的意义在于它激发了女生们对STEM学科的兴趣，这将有助于她们日后选择这类职业。‎ B Pollination (授粉) is important for the reproduction of many plants.Some rely on the wind or water for pollination, but most depend on animals to serve as the pollinators.Insects like bees, moths, and beetles also serve as the pollinators, helping with this process.‎ Unfortunately, the worldwide spread of light pollution may be affecting the important interactions (相互作用) between plants and insects, causing bad consequences for both natural areas and agricultural lands.‎ A team of scientists in Switzerland recently studied how the complex interactions between plants and pollinators were affected by artificial light at night.By setting up several grasslands with LED street lamps, the scientists were able to compare the differences. ‎ Focusing on cabbage thistle, a type of plants, the researchers counted 62% fewer insect visits to the lit grasslands.They also noted 29% fewer pollinators than the ones in the uncontrolled lands, which resulted in 13% fewer fruits on the cabbage thistle plants they were studying.‎ Based on the fact that there was reduced fruit production in the controlled lands, the scientists found that the pollinators who worked during the day were not able to make up for the reduced activity of the pollinators at night.Additionally, there seemed to be the potential for a very negative_effect,_because many of the plants some insects are helping to pollinate are the most important sources of food for them.‎ Artificial light affects pollination, and thus fruit production, in two different, but connected ways, according to a scientist from California.Imagine a moth flying into a light at night — the first way is by misdirecting pollinators.The second way is by confusing the sense of time of plants.Besides, plants and insects respond to varying wavelengths of light differently.More research is needed to understand the complex interactions between plants, pollinators, and different types of light.‎ ‎“The annually increasing manmade light improves humans' life.It causes bad consequences for the environment, however.We can never base our life on the loss of the environment，” says Knop, lead author of the study.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夜晚灯光影响昆虫对植物授粉的研究过程及发现。‎ ‎5．According to the passage, the first paragraph is used to ________.‎ A．put forward a problem B．inform the purpose of the study C．present background information D．introduce the subjects to be studied 解析：‎ 选C　推理判断题。根据全文可知，第一段介绍了授粉以引出昆虫和植物繁殖之间的关系，为后文所要介绍的研究提供背景信息。‎ ‎6．According to the study, the plants under the artificial light ________.‎ A．stopped bearing fruits in the end B．were visited by fewer insects C．failed to be pollinated D．were more attractive to pollinators 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段“the researchers counted 62% fewer insect visits to the lit grasslands.They also noted 29% fewer pollinators than the ones in the uncontrolled lands”可知，有灯光的情形下，前去给植物授粉的昆虫的数量减少了。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 5 refer to?‎ A．The loss of pollination.‎ B．The starvation of insects.‎ C．The reduced fruit production.‎ D．The death of some plants.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第五段“Additionally ...because many of the plants some insects are helping to pollinate are the most important sources of food for them.”可知，接受昆虫授粉的植物是那些昆虫的主要食物来源，因此夜晚授粉活动的减少会造成那些昆虫因缺乏食物而挨饿。‎ ‎8．What can we learn from Paragraph 6?‎ A．Misdirected insects confuse plants' sense of time.‎ B．Pollination and fruit production are related in two ways.‎ C．Artificial light affects plants' pollination and sense of time.‎ D．The different effects of varying light on pollination are clear.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。综合倒数第二段“Artificial light affects pollination”和“...misdirecting pollinators.The second way is by confusing the sense of time of plants.”可知，灯光会影响植物的授粉和植物对时间的感觉。‎