【英语】2018届高考英语二轮复习形容词和副词在语法填空中的考查指导学案（12页word版） 12页

‎2018届二轮复习 形容词和副词在语法填空中的考查指导 形容词和副词是历年高考的必考点，是考生做好英语语法填空题和短文改错题必须要掌握的知识。形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词，表示事物或人的性质和特征。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至是句子。语法填空题对形容词和副词的考查主要是形容词作定语或表语、形容词和副词的比较级或最高级、形容词和副词的词性转化等。‎ 判定方法 应用体验 当括号中所给提示词是形容词或副词，而空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。‎ ‎①(2017·浙江高考)Sixteen years earlier (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.‎ ‎②(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater (great) and less importance.‎ ‎③(2017·绵阳市模拟)The London Underground is the oldest (old)‎ ‎ underground railway network in the world.‎ 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2017·桂林市联考)To them, life is a competition — they have to do better (good) than their peers to be happy.‎ ‎②(2017·菏泽市模拟)People who forgive show less (little) anger and more hopefulness.‎ ‎③(2017·成都市模拟)If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will result in more (much) fighting.‎ ‎④(2017·上饶市模拟)My life is a lot easier (easy) at high school because my fellow students have accepted me.‎ ‎⑤(2017·揭阳市模拟)Certain stores offer discounts of up to 70% or even higher (high) if people use their credit cards.‎ ‎⑥(2017·淮北市模拟)The more you think about it, the harder (hard) you will fall asleep.‎ ‎⑦(2017·安徽师大附中阶段性测试)Just being ‎1.比较级常考查的五种情况 ‎(1)根据比较等级的句式判断，如果后面有than就用比较级。‎ ‎(2)有时候比较级结构中并不出现than，而是根据语境判断出用比较级。‎ ‎(3)当空格前有表示程度的词如a bit, a little, much, far, a great/good deal, a lot等或有still, even等词时，需填比较级。‎ ‎(4)表示“越……就越……”用“the＋比较级 ..., the＋比较级 ...”‎ ‎ greeted at the door was a joy.They couldn’t be happier (happy) when seeing me.‎ ‎⑧(2017·成都市检测)It is the oldest (old) and only surviving nodam irrigation system in the world.‎ ‎⑨(2017·绵阳市模拟)Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth, is the fifth largest (large) continent in the world.‎ (2017·银川九中模拟)Of all the cities in the world, one of the top six healthiest (healthy) cities is Copenhagen, Denmark.‎ 结构。‎ ‎(5)否定词＋比较级＝最高级 ‎2.最高级的考查 ‎(1)表达在某个范围内“最……”，使用“the＋形容词/副词的最高级＋比较范围”结构。表示范围的标志词有in, of, among等。‎ ‎(2)当空格前有the second/third ..., one of ...等词时，需填最高级。‎ 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.earlier→early ‎②(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)They were also the best and worse years in my ‎1.原级、比较级和最高级之间的错用。‎ ‎2.有些词本身就含有最高级含义，不能再用最高级，如favorite, wonderful,‎ ‎ life.worse→worst ‎③(2016·四川高考)The dishes that I cooked were Mom’s favoritest.favoritest→favorite ‎④(2017·牡丹江市模拟)What’s bad, the driver’s information might be unreliable.bad→worse ‎⑤(2017·成都市模拟)Anyway, I’ll get used to living here and hope everything will be more better soon.去掉more或more→much ‎⑥(2017·九江市模拟)Located in North America, Canada is the second large country with the largest number of lakes in the world.large→largest ‎ exhausted等。‎ ‎3.比较级的重复：若形容词和副词后面加了er，前面就不能再用more。‎ ‎4.固定结构中比较级的错用，如what’s more, what’s worse等。‎ 判定方法 应用体验 ‎1.当所给词为形容词时，除了比较等级外，主要考查转化为副词。反之亦然。‎ ‎2.作定语修饰名词时应用形容词；作状语修饰动词时常用副词。‎ ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)It is certainly (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.‎ ‎②(2017·浙江高考)But something made her look closer, and she noticed a shiny/shining (shine) object.‎ ‎③(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be officially (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.‎ ‎④(2017·潍坊实验中学模拟)You will have a wonderful (wonderfully) time and get used to the life soon.‎ 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2017·六盘山市模拟)It’s commonly (common) known that certain diseases are linked with occupations like lung disease in coal miners.‎ ‎②(2017·邢台市模拟)He won the race by perseverance and by pushing on steadily (steady)．‎ ‎③(2017·吉林市普通中学调研测试)A good memory is of great help, but it is not enough simply (simple) to memorize rules from a grammar book.‎ ‎④(2017·成都市模拟)Second, they hope to be economically (economic) independent and buy whatever they need.‎ ‎1.一般情况加ly common→commonly　immediate→immediately ‎2.以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，将y改为i然后加ly steady→steadily　busy→busily ‎3.以le结尾，去掉e加y simple→simply　gentle→gently ‎4.以ic结尾，加ally economic→economically scientific→scientifically 自主练悟 谨记规律 ‎①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.freely→free ‎②(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Much rare animals are dying out.Much→Many ‎③(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.去掉very ‎④(2013·四川高考)I found the test difficult, but I tried hardly to do it.hardly→hard ‎⑤(2017·淮北市模拟)By sharing, we can often great reduce our sadness and double our happiness.great→greatly ‎⑥(2017·潍坊实验中学检测)Obviously, the accident was caused by a careless neighbor living highly in an apartment.highly→high ‎1.形容词之间、副词之间的错用 ‎(1)意近引起的错用：例如many和much都表示“很多”，但many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎(2)形近引起的错用：例如hard与hardly，前者表示“努力”，后者表示“几乎不”。‎ ‎(3)意思重复：例如so和very表达同一含义，故不能同时使用。‎ ‎(4)像deep, high, slow等本身也是副词，加上ly后还是副词，此时前者表示具体，后者表示抽象。‎ ‎2.形容词与副词之间的错用 一般来说，作定语和表语时用形容词；作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或修饰整个句子时用副词。‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·盘锦市模拟)This time, I was satisfied with my grade, for I was better (well) than many of my classmates.‎ ‎2．(2017·衡阳市模拟)The festival is one of the four largest (large) ice and snow festivals in the world!‎ ‎3．(2017·漳州市联考)But more (many) seabirds are eating plastic waste in the ocean than ever before.‎ ‎4．(2017·济宁市模拟)It was the latest (late) evidence of China’s efforts to redevelop the “Silk Road” trade routes that once stretched from Asia to Europe.‎ ‎5．(2017·哈尔滨市模拟)Keeping a diary in English is one of the most_effective (effective) ways to improve our English writing ability.‎ ‎6．(2017·潍坊市模拟)I’ll do all I can to make their life easier and more_comfortable (comfort) when I grow up.‎ ‎7．Compared with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes less_ (little) time.‎ ‎8．(2017·吉林大学附中模拟)This is much cheaper (cheap) than the cost of building other such great bridges in different parts of the world.‎ ‎9．(2017·江西省重点中学协作体联考)The robot is equipped with speakers, microphones and cameras, which makes communicating easier (easy)．‎ ‎10．(2017·青岛市模拟)This is the method I have learnt — the harder (hard) you work independently, the better solutions you will find.‎ ‎11．(2017·福建师大附中模拟)China’s most famous wall may have been built to keep people away, but a new kind of wall is bringing people a lot closer (close) together.‎ ‎12．(2017·合肥市质检)The handmade cloth shoes are more durable (耐用的) and comfortable, softer (soft), and absorb sweat better.‎ ‎13．We spent a wonderful night together, eating and talking happily (happy)．‎ ‎14．(2017·南昌市三校联考)To help reduce traffic accidents and save people’s lives, he immediately (immediate) began to work on the invention.‎ ‎15．(2017·曲阜师范大学附中模拟)At that time, most Chinese people made their living on farms, so weather changes were extremely (extreme) important for them.‎ ‎16．(2017·成都市模拟)Sitting by the river, riding a bike, or singing the old songs, I truly (true) enjoyed what I was doing.‎ ‎17．(2017·青岛市模拟)If you can make full use of the books, you will probably (probable) become a good lawyer in the future.‎ ‎18．(2017·太原五中检测)If you go, you will find yourself experiencing totally (total) different scenery in four seasons.‎ ‎19．(2017·肇庆市模拟)I suddenly (sudden) realized that I shouldn’t get discouraged after experiencing failure.‎ ‎20．(2017·佛山市模拟)By his own talents and efforts, he has secured for his family a good social position and a relatively (relative)‎ ‎ rich life.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2017·石嘴山市模拟)The big challenge of all in my life happened when I entered senior high school.big→biggest ‎2．(2017·湖北省四地七校联考)With our joint efforts, our society will surely become good.good→better ‎3．(2017·太原市模拟)And we will study even more harder and try out best to do all.去掉more或more→much ‎4．(2017·宜春市模拟)After a few months, we all felt we had been able to build much strong relationships with the family than we had before.strong→stronger ‎5．“The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.” I can’t agree with this view.agree后加more ‎6．(2017·长沙市联考)Besides, lucky money is the more attractive part for children, which forms the good memory of our childhood.more→most ‎7．(2017·泰安市质检)What will you do for your dream and who is your most favorite football player? 去掉most ‎8．What’s more, we should improve our methods of study and make well preparations for exams.well→good ‎9．Jiuzhaigou is well known for its beautiful lakes, of which water is clear and looks colorfully.colorfully→colorful ‎10．(2017·吉林市普通中学调研测试)Jobhopping (跳槽), or frequent change of jobs, is becoming increasing common in China today.increasing→increasingly ‎11．(2017·汕头市模拟)They make use of the chance to take photos, so a good camera is absolute essential.absolute→absolutely ‎12．(2017·淄博市模拟)My aunt felt sadly and wanted him to stop doing that experiment.sadly→sad ‎13．(2017·太原五中检测)Together with five schoolmates with excellently English, I tried to cover what was going on in our school.excellently→excellent ‎14．(2017·豫南九校模拟)And you will possible find proper solutions with the help of our schoolmates.possible→possibly ‎15．This morning on my way to school I was deep moved by what I saw outside a bank.deep→deeply ‎16．(2017·深圳市模拟)Truly friendship will always live on no matter how far apart we are.Truly→True ‎17．(2017·成都市模拟)I went up and found the two drivers bad injured, bleeding and trapped in the taxis.bad→badly ‎18．(2017·荆州中学质检)Today scientists in this field are working hardly so as to make weather forecasting more exact.hardly→hard ‎19．(2017·本溪市模拟)There is only a few rain and the weather is neither too hot nor too cold.few→little ‎20．(2017·怀化市联考)As is known to us, students do fewer and ‎ fewer sports now, which makes them weak and easy tired.easy→easily